I work in an industrial distillation setting. We recently had to use nitric acid (forgot the concentration). After we finished pumping in the acid into one of our tanks to clean some residue, we foolishly didn't realize that there was residual water in one of the steel-braided hoses. The moment the water hit the acid, all the liquid around the hose instantly vaporized, the hose began expanding lightly, and one of the operators foolishly loosened one of the ears of a cap to an already-opened relief valve, and the moment one of the ears was undone, the pressure launched the safety cap towards the wall, and black/orange, steaming sludge violently launched out of the relief like a gun. It didn't last long, and thankfully no one was injured. It certainly scared the bonkers out of us though. The mission was accomplished, but at the cost of our fright lol.
guys acids don't accept any electrons... at all... they are proton donors. you guys are thinking of oxidising agents. oxidising agents cause substances to lose electrons
Unusual fact: the three listed acids deemed the most stable have the most atoms. Uric and Citric have 16, and Carborane has more than 20. The unstable ones have fewer atoms (hydrofluoric acid has 5, perchloric has 6, fluoroantimonic has 10). The difficulty in breaking so many chemical bonds likely plays a role. Fluorine is the most reactive element, and HF (hydrofluorine) will react with and destroy pretty much ANYTHING.
Number of bonds or number of atoms does not make such a huge difference. It all has to do with how eager the molecule is to donate one hydrogen ion (a proton) to another molecule. The easier that particular bond is broken the stronger the acid
With hydrochloric acid, I recall learning in school that the strength of the acid is also dependent on how much water it's mixed with. So if it's in a lot of water, you can basically hold it in your bare hand, but the smallest amount of water added to HCl will have its corrosive capabilities at its max strength and will cause severe burns.
Well no shit Sherlock because you are basically just touching water. At my university we have 18M sulfuric acid (about 98% purity) and even that's absolutely nuts. People like to exaggerate of course but it certainly isn't anything to mess with, taking a whiff of it can destroy your lungs. We also have lots of diluted acids like HCl and nitric acid, at most it makes your hand feel tingly or irritated/itchy.
Warning: never add water to a strong acid. Instead, do the opposite: add the strong acid, drop by drop, to the water. If you do it wrong, and add water to the strong acid, it's likely to explode all over you.
teflon frying pand actually suck as containers they have a bit of metal dust for increase in thermal conductivity and when i boil acids in them, they eat through it after 3 runs!
the clip at 6:13 is not actually a spoon in acid, its a spoon made of gallium dipped in a glass of lukewarm water. gallium is a non-toxic metal with a melting point of around 30 degrees Celsius meaning it can melt in the palm of your hand
fluoroanitmonic acid actually melts through normal glass and would have to be held in a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) container or better known as Teflon.
My take on the sulfuric acid part especially: Toxicity is not the same as acidity which is not the same as corrosiveness. Toxicity is damage to your body on biological levels due to your cells dying inside, not because of chemicals destroying your cells. For example, hydrochloric acid is not toxic, chloride ions are normally fine to have in your body, its literally the acid thats in your stomach. Yes that's mentioned in the video, but the other more important reason why your stomach doesn't burn itself is that stomach acid is not very concentrated and therefore isn't corrosive. Acidity (or strength of acid) is just the proportion of hydrogen ions that can be made from dissolving a proportion of acid, and has nothing to do with corrosiveness. (search acid dissociation constant) Corrosiveness is due to high *concentrations* of hydrogen ions. Even if you have the strongest acid in the world, if you only add a tiny drop of it to a giant beaker of water, it can't corrode anything because of low concentration. By the way, sulfuric acid is usually bought in concentrated form. If you try to dissolve concentrated sulfuric acid in water like how the video shows it, it will literally boil and splash all over the place (and probably onto you) *edit: hydrochloric acid toxicity note the acid in hydrochloric acid is just hydrogen ions, wont chemically burn you if you dont have it too concentrated. the chloride in hydrochloric acid is literally table salt chloride
A quick thing to ahow how powerful some of these are-at my workplace we have 32% hydrochloric acid, which we use for acidification and a couple of manual tests. Being the idiot I am, i decided to take a sniff of the acid straight out of the bottle. Not a good idea, knocked my head back and my sinuses burned like hell. The acid fumes ever so slightly so even small amounts can still be smelled-and you feel it before you smell it lol
Brain ain't acid but most sticky,i had brains and wel most of what a human are made of spredded over me when i was soldier in the 90's on battlefield and brains is just sticky, this battle was the worst since WW 2 Stalingrad and Berlin,a hellish battlefield that dwarfes all war that was and exist after Korea and Vietnam. So i know human inside so to speak,but i thought fluss acid was the strongest, because nothing to do whatever you do,only a syringe from a doctor can stop corrosiv destruction on a body
6:15 - I immediately notice that the clip used was of Galium Spoon melting in warm water. I can clearly see it melting and has nothing to do with Trifilic acid
Uric acid: am stronk Citric acid: am more stronk Hydrofluoric acid: no i am more stronk Nitric acid: no i am more stronk Sulfuric acid: no i am more stronk i am found on venus hydrochloric acid: no i am more stronk im in the human stomach Chlorosulfuric acid: bro what i am more stronk Perchloric acid: no i am more stronk Triflic acid: sounds like 3 also am more stronk Carborane acids: no i am more stronk Magic acid: GUYS IM MADE OF 2 ACIDS SO IM MORE STRONK Fluoroantimonic acid: sorry what did i miss
So people know...pKa is the negative log of Ka, which is basically the ratio of how much the acid dissociates in water, or its strength. The bigger the Ka, the stronger the acid. Weak acids' Ka's are usually around 0.000something and strong acids are numerous digits over 1. The pKa simply mimics the Ka inversely; i.e. smaller pKa came from a larger Ka.
If they were concentrated enough, you would notice by the smell or viscosity. Some of these images are not of the acid (or any acid) being discussed. The melting spoon, for example, is probably just a spoon made of a bismuth alloy called Wood's metal that has a low melting point in warm water (>70 °C).
That vodka message at the end of the video was a joke right? I'm ridiculous and borderline superstitious for needing someone to confirm this obvious fact. But please do lol. Oh also I'm an alcohol by default for this lmao
So basically Fluoroantimonic acid is like my Ex. It reacts violently, can't stand moisture in the air, eats through everything but when it comes to cooking an omelete she simply can't hold a material made of teflon aka a frying pan. *interesting*
@@HamzaTariq-xb2vw Sorry dude the acid he used was fake. It was a much weaker and different acid in crystal form. The acid is super hard to make completely illegal to posses. Real Fluoroantimonic acid can literally melt trough walls and floors like in the alien movies.
The strongest acid is also the simplest is the helium hydride HeH+ with a Pka of -63 and the (yet unknown) fully fluorinated carborane acid would be the 2 strongest having a calculated pka of -46 and the fluorinated carborane acid would have a pka of
