Transmission Lines : part 2 | Let's take a journey with the signal inside the transmission line 

yes, it should be zl=80. Here the source finally see the 80 ohms load impedance. thank you:)

Congratulations! You can now call yourself a real engineer, and not only someone who has a master in engineering ;-)

But i didn't understand. How is there conductance between wires in parallel?

@@sagarrawat7203 If you consider the resistance of the wire insulation and the medium (seawater, air, etc), you can model it as an extremely large resistor. In almost all cases, it's so high that it can be treated as an open circuit. However, when dealing with extremely high voltages, the small amount of current that flows through this large resistance is not negligible in the case of per-unit-length circuits. So there is some resistance in parallel (shunt resistance), and therefore there is a conductance which is 1/R.

@@Blank-wv3uf thanks. But, then why shouldn't we take resistance R in parallel too than conductance G? This G made it complex. Is G really different?

Here I used keysight advanced design system (ads)

I think we don't insert any capacitor and inductor in wire. 🤔not it's only wire?

which minute?

9:42 "same current (previously 4mA) driving higher resistance (now 80ohm) gives us higher voltage, 245mV" @@TheSiGuyEN

The forward current is the same 4mA, but 80ohm has backward (reflected) current, so total current is less than 4mA.

if you see the graph at @9:48 it effectively reaches 0.32V (look at the spike voltage). But then if you calculate the reflection coefficient gammaL(80-50)/(80+50) and you multiply it for 0.2 you get 0.245 that is the reflected voltage. So the difference is 0.45V.

can you the veitasium link please.

@@SomStar2426 ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-oI_X2cMHNe0.html Arround @18:59

I will make a video soon replying to Veritasium. I think he was wrong. thank you for highlighting that point

@@TheSiGuyEN thank you so much for replying! Eagerly waiting for your video!

Hope my newly uploaded video answered your questions

The stored power will be discharged into the load

"I see some ripples, they are do to what?" there're ripples because the circuit is not first order. The approximation at 4:00 is first order rc circuit, but this is very accurate. There are inductors and they should be taken into consideration for more accurate results. "And is there a possibility that thse capacitances filter HF?" They do filter HF. we applied a step voltage at the input, and the voltage at each section is low pass filtered as shown in the video. Also the overall response of the TL is sort of low pass filter response 13:14 (you apply step at the input and the output will settle after some amount of time govern by reflections as well as lp filteration associated with the capacitors) "there is a condition about distance between the 2 conductors to assume a TL, physically that correspond to what?" No, the only condition to assume a wire as a TL is that the length of the wire is much larger than the wavelength of the signal. the traces on PCB for example are considered TLs if the circuit work at high frequencies (wavelength is small). The distance between the two conductors actually affects the capacitance per unit length, and inductance per unit length which in turn would affect the value of the characteristic impedance and propagation constant (they depend on the capacitance and inductance per unit length). You can easily predict the effect of the change of the value of c, l, and zo (same graphs as shown in this video but with different values). If you have any other questions or recommendations, please don't hesitate to ask :)

@@TheSiGuyEN thank you, I'm so glad to read you, your answers are very précious. I look for courses to understand deeply EM. Dovyou have références.thanks à lot

@@karielf8947 it depends on your background and what you want to learn. But in general, this is a good book: "Microwave Engineering by David M. Pozar"

@@TheSiGuyEN thanks à lot. I m à phd in emc, and I use EM in my analysis. I need to predict what could happen, or to analyse measurements or analysis.

@@karielf8947 Great, Here're some of my favourite books: Engineering Electromagnetics. By John A. Buck, William H. Hayt Electromagnetics: With Applications By John D. Kraus, Daniel A. Fleisch Field and Wave Electromagnetics By David Keun Cheng This is a great course covering fundamentals of electricity and magnetism By Prof Walter Lewin: "8.02x - MIT Physics II: Electricity and Magnetism" ru-vid.com/group/PLyQSN7X0ro2314mKyUiOILaOC2hk6Pc3j you can use this course to refresh your memory about the basic concepts but as an engineer, don't rely entirely on it.

yes, as long as the signal is still travelling toward the load before reaching it. Before reaching the load, the signal doesn't know what kind of termination; it sees only the charecteristic impledence of the line.

you can upload a screenshot of your schematic as well as the results besides your question on the Discord server or the Reddit community (links are in the description) so that I can see where is the problem

@@TheSiGuyEN ok thanks I will try. What I see is that PSpice does not show thé transient state only thé établished state. Thé time scale is good. I should see thé curve Vc=E(1-exp(-t/to).

I just got thé answer, I had to défine initial conditions of the capacitor to 0. To indicate that thé capacitor is discharged. Youpi!! ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-EEP2UPVIm9o.html

Very good video to understand the reflections on transmission line . This is the basis and fundamental for SI analysis.