I think this is one of the longest non-compilation AI President video out on RU-vid and it’s on the greatest subject in the world! Amazing video! Truly the king of AI President content!
You are the greatest! It was a huge risk to spend this much time making it and this goes a long way. You’ve just paid for half of the cost for the voices for this entire video. It’s much appreciated! 🍻🍻🍻
The Presidents playing “The Isle”? I’d be so down for that! Donald would more than like be a Tyrannosaurus, Barack would probably be a Dilophosaurus, and Biden might either be some plant-eater or maybe a Herrerasaurus.
@@AppaRappah Everyone I've ever met who plays "The Isle" always plays as a carnivore, so I don't see the presidents apart from Obama playing as an herbivore.
Allosaurus is, and has always been, my favorite dinosaur. Their name means "strange lizard." We have ALWAYS known that they were literally built different. That being said, they were still ranked fairly. Their "fuck it, we ball" attitude was impressive but only carries them so far.
Can we all appreciate not only the emence amount of research for this video, showing off the ACTUAL science behind dinosaurs and not just using Jurassic Park logic... BUT THE BRILLIANT USE OF PALEOART! Greats like Fredthedinosaurman, Gabriel Ugueto and Mark Witton used here are a breath of fresh air. Ironically enough, this being an ai channel (super well done btw) with TikTok and Shorts here on YT using strictly ai EVERYTHING, I'm proud of this channel prioritizing paleoart and science and not afraid to say words like "probably", "maybe" and "possibly" when everyone else just presents fake facts... Im just genuinely amazed at the work put into this video. Well done!
I’m so glad people like you can appreciate the work I put into the research! I also wanted to use the mose realistic art possible so that’s why I went right to those legends in Paleo art. More to come!
I absolutely love this channel man, no disrespect to the other politician/celebrity AI creators but this one blows them all out of the water every AI voice is absolutely amazing and verrry rarely have those weird AI moments where they sound robotic or can’t pronounce stuff like the actual person, the writing is absolutely top tier The Don, Obogna, and Sleepy Joe work off eachother so well and genuinely feel like a couple of great friends who make fun of each other now and then that decided to start a podcast together and the occasional extra characters also work so well with the main cast and help make it feel like they all just hang out and do stuff out of vids, please keep up the good work this has become one of my favorite channels over the last year and I can’t wait to see more
honestly, it makes sense that Obama would be the smartest out of the three, both in the video and in real life, we cant doubt that. plus, hes got a nice voice.
This tier list can definitely be recommended to kids fascinated with dinos. Giving the bull, bear, and elephant comparisons helps conceptualize some name most people have never heard of to more common animals. Plus, thile kids can learn to curse better too. Good work.
You are doing God's work out here man, loved the effort you put into this, and I'm super excited to see your upcoming videos, especially Pokemon Dnd. Keep it up as you're easily one of the top Presidents AI channels out there.
My God, you have no idea how fast I clicked on this video. Dinosaurs and Kaiju are my absolute favorite types of creatures. This is a dream come true. And yes! You guys should absolutely play The Isle or Path of Titans! Those games are, like Bush says, METAL AS FUCK!
Never went on a video faster.When I saw the notification , I got a stupidly long shift today , this will kill an hour Also a holy fuck thanks for the likes
Never done one of these paid things but I felt guilty watching this gem for free with the amount of work I know you put in here. It’s likely my favorite video on RU-vid. I’ve probably listened 3 full times. Funny banter and smart scripts in pretty much all your recent videos, but this one especially. Your fishing/hunting videos have also been especially incredible. Random idea, but ranking US national parks would be a sick way to complete the US outdoors topic. Also looking forward to that Pokémon DND 4! Keep up the high quality work!!!!
I so appreciate it! It took Maximus effort and it’s donations like this that allow me to take risks and spend this much time on huge projects. I am working on Pokednd episode 4 now!
I’ll never forgive the scientists who told us T-Rex was a scavenger. Look at those jaws that could bite an elephant in half and tell me it only used them on things that were already dead
Well it wasn't really scientists. It was just Jack Horner. Even at the time, the only people who even believed him for a moment were T-Rex haters that thought hating on T-Rex made them unique and special.
Jack Horner was the one that said this theory but other paleontologists agreed at the time. The evidence was there at the time and newer studies came out (like being very slow) It wasn't said to be a pure scavenger by Jack Horner though. Besides, it's settled to be an opportunist as both a scavenger and ambush hunter.
No way, you made a dinosaur tier list that’s amazing because dinosaurs, marine reptiles, flying reptiles are amazing and unique animals to ever exist on earth and that’s the natural beauty of nature. As for my favorite dinosaurs I will list my number 1 herbivore and carnivore, my favorite herbivore dinosaurs is Triceratops Horridus and as for my favorite carnivore dinosaur it’s mixed between Carnotaurus Sastrei or Dilophosaurus wetherilli.
@@Ultrazero2ndsExtras Yeah I watch AI presidents because they are very entertaining and has really good writing when using AI technology to make entertainment like this.
Saurophaganax is one of my favorite dinosaurs. Evolution gave me a bigger, even more bad-ass Allosaurus, with a name translating to 'Lord of the Lizard Eaters'. I love it.
This isn't even an AI president channel anymore, it's more like a scientific research podcast on various parts of the animal kingdom. Bravo! Would definitely love a video of the boys ranking prehistoric mammals we lived alongside, with Bush taking charge of that one as the super hunter of the group.
Okay first of all, youtube is literally screwing me over. I had ZERO clue this MASTERPIECE was even uploaded. Second, i feel like a Godzilla Kong list is perfect for this channel. And third, this was hilarious, you've made the AI absolutley feel real.
Very sorry you don’t get notifications but that’s actually intentional by me. You can choose not to notify all subs if you want and I don’t because it’s better for the videos growth to not show it to all my subs since I have such a wide variety of topics on the channel. If you want up to the minute updates on uploads, my discord channel is linked in the description and I also make community posts.
Ankylosaurus is critically low, it should be after edmontosaurus as it would stand a pretty good chance against any of those s tier carnivores with its full body armour and half ton club, there’s a reason why T rex preferred triceratops. Anyways, great video please make more like this! 💯 👍👍
Not gonna lie, seeing an early mammal list in this format would be pretty cool. The Ice Age had some baller animals in them, won't lie to you on that one.
Casually mixing up ornithopods and ornithomimids and placing Iguanodon (an ornithopod) in the jurassic. Surprisingly accurate overall though, and highly entertaining with witty jokes. Earned like and subscription.
man thanks for reconnecting me with my childhood and reintroducing me to Disney's Dinosaurs XD forgot that movie existed and forgot how absolutely baller that ost is.
Hey, there, a paleontologist here. I just want to say that I'm loving your video. It's clear that you did some heavy research on the subject. This is both informative and entertaining. Well done. Hope you don't mind me throwing my own two cents in. 8:05 Herrerasaurus is considered pretty primitive by dinosaur standards, even compared to Eoraptor. Current classification considers this animal and it's relatives to be basal Saurischians prior to the split between Theropods and Sauropods. 11:37 Just to throw it out there, the main reason Deter Stark died in JP2 was because the Compsognathus had a weak neurovenom that increased in potency with every bite. This was further explored in Jurassic World: Camp Cretaceous. Of course, there's no actual evidence of dinosaurs having venom. 12:49 Dilophosaurus is named after the two giant crests on its skull. When it was first discovered, the crests were considered flat ornamental pieces that laid atop the skull for mere display. However, thanks to research from 2023, we now know these were extensions of the sinus cavities that anchored muscle attachments. It's likely that they helped increase this dinosaur's powerful bite along with amplifying it's calls. 14:53 For its time, Ceratosaurus was a primitive dinosaur. Look at it's hands and you'll notice that it has four fingers - a basal condition for Theropods. Still, it was a formidable carnivore thanks to not only its long and sharp teeth, but it's armored hide covered in osteoderms (small bones that were under the skin, though mainly running along the neck, back, and tail). 15:56 Allosaurus is a fun animal and one of the most famous Jurassic dinosaurs. These dinosaurs were known in a variety of places, from the USA, Portugal, and possibly even Tanzania. In fact, the Morrison Formation (a rock sequence dating back to the Late Jurassic cocering parts of Utah, Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming, among other states) has enough of these large dinosaurs that they make up over 70% of Theropod finds! Also, the characterization of Allosaurus, while exaggerated, isn't too far off. Allosaurus was like South Park's version of Russell Crowe - it's dirty work has been found in the fossil record on the bones of sauropods, stegosaurs, even local megalosaurs and its own species. Of course, it gave as good as it got as Allosaurus specimens are known to care broken bones and infections that would otherwise be fatal to other animals. 17:53 Let's not forget that there's a difference between the teeth of Allosaurus and those of T. rex. Allosaurus had what you could call "the standard killer grill". Their teeth, along with most other large carnivores, were flat on the sides and edged and serrations called denticles. These were teeth suited for slicing at prey and ripping out chunks of flesh or causing blood loss. T. rex had railroad spikes - nuff said. Their teeth evolved into thick piercers that crushed through bone and decapitated prey. 19:56 Just to throw it out there, Ceratosaurus and Allosaurus were both powerful predators, though the two likely had different roles in the ecosystem. Ceratosaurus could have taken on large dinosaurs, but it's likely to have preyed on smaller species or even taken to wetter regions to prey on semi-aquatic life like fish and even small crocodiles. This is what we would call "niche partitioning." 21:32 The Scrotum humanum thing is pretty true. Technically speaking, this would have been Megalosaurus' official name as it was published first, but because the name hadn't been in use since it's description and prior to 1899, Megalosaurus bucklandi takes precedent. That's right: the first ever dinosaur known to science barely escaped being called "Deez Nutz" because of technicalities. 21:57 Actually, Torvosaurus lived later than Megalosaurus and was one of the large Theropods that lived with Allosaurus and Ceratosaurus. Megalosaurus was pretty early for a large theropod as it came from the Middle Jurassic back when Europe was still an island chain. 26:37 Nanosaurus is what you would call a Neornithischian. Generally speaking, these were small, quick-footed little herbivores that were the precursors of the more serious forms like the duck-bills and horned dinosaurs. Nanosaurus itselfhas had a pretty difficult road for validity. It was one of many dinosaurs that were named during the Bone Wars with the only specimen at the time consistimg of a jaw and hip bone from 1877. By that time, three genera popped up in the next century under the names of Othnielia, Othnielosaurus, and Drinker. However, by 2018, a new specimen classified as Nanosaurus found it to not only have material similar to the original remains, but showed characteristics found in the other animals. Soon, those three names have been dropped and now Nanosaurus is seen as a common fixture in the Morrison Formation. 27:11 Personally, I wouldn't call Camptosaurus an early Hadrosaur, though to be fair, it represents a form just outside the line leading to it and the Iguanodontians. 28:21 ...Wait, Iguanodon was from the Early Cretaceous. Iguanodon came from European deposits in Belgium, Spain, Germany, and England. Though to be fair, much of the taxonomic history has been pretty crazy as the name has been used as a wastebasket taxon (essentially, a genus that has had various genera and species lumped into it). It was only within the past couple of decades that the genus has been revised. 28:50 Kinda. Think of the Iguanodonts as a more generalized model prior to the Hadrosaurs. I should also add that this dinosaur was the second to be named, right after Megalosaurus. 30:14 Just to be clear, predators on average have a low to mid rate of success in hunts on average. Only a few species in the modern day have high rates.
36:09 To be fair, Brachiosaurus and its relatives were the predacessors of Titanosaurs. They were members of a sister group that split from the line leading to the true titans. 37:45 To be fair, Velociraptor comes from China and Mongolia. What's funny is that Velociraptor has quite a few species with three officially described and at least one more still being researched. 39:04 Well, let's mot get carried away over the power of that sickle. The claws of Deinonychosaurs (the overall group which includes Dromaeosaurs like Microraptor and Velociraptor, along with the Troodonts) has been an iffy issue for years. It was believed that the claw was used for slicing and gutting into prey, but it turned out that the claw was incapable of taking such stress. It was then thought to be a piercing weapon. While it is possible for this to be the case, especially with the example of the Dueling Dinosaurs, but again, the issue with stress. It's likely that the claw served two purposes: climbing and restraint. Between animals like Microraptor and younger individuals of more derived species like Deinonychus, the claws had a strong curvature, helping in climbing up trees. As the animals aged, the claws got straighter (though still curved). Based on papers comparing the claws to those used by Birds of Prey, it's more likely that these claws were used to aid in a technique know. as Raptor Prey Restraint. Essentially, the predator would leap onto their prey and use their mass to pin the target to the ground before tearing into it with ita jaws and hand claws while the target was still alive. 43:00 Oh, man, excuse me, but I fucking love Deinonychus! It's my favorite out of all the dinosaurs! A beautiful animal and a true OG! It was the description of this animal that jumpstarted the Dinosaur Renaissance of 1969 (nice!), which helped revise our view on these amazing creatures! And it's true that the idea of pack hunting isn't necessarily a settled subject. Still there is some precedent to make such assumptions. Outside of the Deinonychus examples involving what could be described as "Tenontosaurus gangbangs (not a technical term)" there are footprints showing instances of dromaeosaurs, including large species, traveling in small groups. Then there's the famous Utahraptor megablock - a 9 ton cube of sandstone that's the remnants of a predator trap housing around a dozen Utahraptors of various ages. 43:38 Another thing that Deinonychus has that sets it apart from other species of Dromes (or at least those around its size) is that it's capable of crushing bone. It had the potential of exerting a bite forxe of up to 8200 Newtons, a bite that's more impressive than that of a spotted hyena. Of course, the use of this snap was rare and likely reserved for defense or hunting. 46:02 Austroraptor represents a group of Dromes called the Unenlagiines. These were slender, Southern species that are considered basal compared to species like Deinonychus and Velociraptor. 48:11 An interesting thing about Utahraptor, other than the killing claw is its mandible. Unlike other species, the lower jaw was curved slightly downward and armed with a small rossette of sharp teeth. This may have helped in either trapping prey or reinforcing its bite. 49:36 Eh... Not quite. Okay, buckle in, this is gonna be a difficult one to unbox. The first Megaraptor remains popped up in Argentina back in 90's before being described in '98. For over a couple decades, it was believed that those claws belonged to the larges Dromaeosaur to ever exist. That was until the discover of extra limb bones found the claws to come from the hand. Due to this little issue, it was thrown around as a Tetanuran of unknown affinities. With a few other relatives found by the 2010's it was decided that Megaraptor and its kin were relatives of Allosaurus, specifically closer to a European predator called Neovenator, thus belonging to the clade, Neovenatoridae, which was a sister to the Carcharodontosaurs. But even then, there has been some argument that they may have been spinosaurs. However, all that got thrown out the window in the 2010's as the Allosauria went into a series of revisions along with the discovery of a Megaraptor skull that showed a lot of similarities with early Tyrannosauroids. So right now, the Megaraptoran group was booted out of Allosauria and is now being looked at as a sister group to Tyrannosaurs (that to the reverse route and decided not to skip arm day) or they're a weird coelurosaur clade. As for Neovenator, itself, it was msde a member of the Carcharodontosaurs. Another fact about Megaraptor and it's family is that they're one of the few non-avian dinosaurs able to pronate their wrists, at least partially. When most people think of dinosaurs, they think of the classic bunny hands position where the palms are facing towards the abdomen. In reality, dinosaurs couldn't do this as their hand joints limit their flexion unlike what we mammals are capable of. The Megaraptorans were an exception to this rule and had a greater degree of movement. 54:23 Acrocanthosaurus is a pretty cool dinosaur. It was one of the last of the Allosaurs in North America (unless Siats is also a Carcharodontosaur and not a Megaraptoran. Yeah, that's a headache and a half) prior to the faunal turnover that soon saw Tyrannosaurs becoming the next big terrors. The raised spines made for extra room for muscle attachments to help with struggling prey. 54:40 I remember there was a paper that said Carcharodontosaurus had a neck strong enough to help it lift nine tons. 57:29 Suchomimus was found in the Elhraz Formation, an Early Cretaceous deposit from Niger. Back when it was alive, the region was a giant delta system full of rivers and marshes. It was also home to the dreaded Sarcosuchus, the giant crocodile-like pholidosaur. Suchomimus competed against this large carnivore thanks to its large claws and, like with Acrocanthosaurus, a reinforced spine ehelp improve its strength. 58:36 To be fair, that's pretty funny. Okay, just to throw it out there, that's the Spinofaarus meme. It was created back in the 2010's as a joke about how much Spinosaurus itself has changed over the years, even more recently. Keep in mind that the first Spinosaurus material was found back in the 1930's (before they were destroyed in a bombing raid during WWII) when it was seen as a basic Theropod with a sail. After the discovery of Baryonyx and Suchomimus, the similarities between these species and subsequent finds within the next sixty years was what gave Paleontologists a clue on Spinosaurus' position in the dinosaur family tree, and thus it's portrayal in JP3. 1:00:23 Just to be clear, Spinosaurus' jaws were similar to that of other relatives like Baryonyx and Suchomimus. They had conical and fluted teeth that lacked any serrations and their skulls were incapable of resisting high stresses. In short, unless you were a giant coelacanth, the jaws weren't doing much business. Still, keep in mind that Spinosaurus is a long theropod at over forty six feet and likely weight 7+ tonnes. This animal was no pushover.
1:05:00 Rugops was a member of the Abelisaurids - a group of mid-sized to large carnivores related to animals like Ceratosaurus. Like their forebear, it had the primitive four finger condition along with a deep skull. Rugops itself was named for the rugose surfaces covering its snout that situated an armored skin and ornamental scales. This was one of the smaller members of the Abelisaurs and likely took the role of an opportunist in the shadow of the larger species. 1:06:25 Carnotaurus is considered the largest of the Abelisaurs, beating out previous contenders Ekrixinatosaurus and Pycnomemosaurus (though as mentioned, the remains for this member is scant. There is another large Abelisaur that's tentatively named "Titanovenator" from Northern Africa, but that animal has yet to be officially described). This animal was the last of its kind and settled as a top predator of its domain. Once the Carcharodontosaurs went extinct a few million years prior, the two main groups of large predators to survive were Abelisaurs and the Megaraptorans, which also saw a huge size buff. 1:06:50 Carnotaurus' speed is thanks in part due to a power muscle known as the caudofemoralis - a large muscle connecting the base of the tail to the femur. For Carnotaurus, it had the largest and widest compared to other species, even larger animals like T. rex, thanks to the wide, V-shaped tail vertebrae helping to anchor the muscle. With these adaptations, Carnotaurus was built for speed, able to reach upwards of up to 35 mph. However, there's a catch. While the long tail and heavy caudofemoralis allowed it to move quickly, because it's so thick, it lateral flexibility was limited and had the tail stay in a stiffened position. Due to this, Carnotaurus was incapable of making tight turns and had diminished maneuverability. As such, this animal lived in open flatlands to hunt prey. 1:07:33 The horns of Carnotaurus are a mystery. It has been proposed that they have been sheathed in keratin similar to those of bulls, but that is unknown. It's possible that they were used in shoving matches between rival males or for flank-butting. Of course, these types of theories have also been proposed for Pachycephalosaurus, so anything is possible. Between the horns and strong neck muscles, the head was capable of absorbing and dissipating forces upon collision. Due to this, it's even been proposed that Carnotaurus would have used these traits to ram its prey before finishing them off with its jaws; this would make it the only predator currently known to use such ornamentation for a hunting purpose. However, that hypothesis has been met with plenty of scrutiny though support for this idea has been met with support since a paper from 2018. It should also be noted that Carnotaurus' skull was observed to to be covered in skin impressions showing flat scales on its right side and a possibility horny covering on the snout. However, these traces were removed during preparation on accident as the features were confused for hematite. Oh, and I love to point this out about Carnotaurus. Comes from a place of love for my horny boy: He ain't got no elbows! It's true that Abelisaurs have arms that make the Tyrannosaurs seem like heavy lifters and Muscle Beach. However, Carnotaurus takes things to the extreme as this dinosaur's limbs have atrophied into what are effectively nubs attached to one short arm bone. Digit three was barely a finger and the fourth digit was a spur. Though what's strange is that despite this, Carnotaurus had a huge shoulder blade with a ball and socket joint, all anchored by huge muscles. 1:08:18 Among the earliest of the Tyrannosauroids, Guanlong was a small, nimble hunter. This carnivore hails from China during the Middle Jurassic and lived in the shadows of Megalosaurs and Sinraptorid, another Allosauroid group. It's known from two specimens, a juvenile and adult. Guanlong is a representative of thr Proceratosaur lineage - early Tyrannosauroids known for their light builds and head crests. 1:09:09 Eh... No. So early this year, a paper came out showing the possibility that "Nanotyrannus" as a genus was valid. The research was predicated on the use of the holotype (a skull found in 1946) and other material that was classified as belonging to the genus. He found that based on specific physical and phylogenetic traits that there was a distinction between these animals and T. rex of similar sizes. However, the paper that was released in January has been met with plenty of critique, especially since it's been treading on territory that's been argued iver the past forty years since the name was erected. Much of the paper is problematic due to the limitation of characters used, the equation of immature traits to basal traits (young animals in a species tend to display primitive characteristics), and unreliable methodology (Shanshanosaurus was placed in the dataset, an animal that has since been classified as a young Tarbosaurus bataar). 1:09:23 Funny enough, Nanuqsaurus is the one that's being re-evaluated as a valid genus, though it's kinda weird as a nee paper last year describes material from two fourteen year old specimens that were still growing at the time of death. The scant material that was previously used to erect the taxa is seen as lacking proper diagnostic context, I'm guessing. It's similar to the whole issue happening with Kronosaurus/Eiectus right now. Though apart from that, it's uncertain if Nanuqsaurus had feathers or not. Keep in mind that the Late Cretaceous was considerably balmy compared to the time of woolly mammoths. Between that and their size, their large bodies alone would have helped with temperature control. Though there's nothing wrong with putting a light coat of feathers on. 1:09:51 I should add that Yutyrannus is a Early Cretaceous animal from China and is the largest feathered non-avian dinosaur on record. This species is known from three highly complete specimens consisting of an adult, subadult, and juvenile. The reason why for it being feathered has to do with its phylogeny and environment. Yutyrannus was an early Tyrannosauroid, specifically a Proceratosaur like Guanlong; the downy coat was something of a phylogenetic hand-me-down. Unlike it's more derived tyrant cousins, it lived in dense, temperate forests known for drastic seasonal changes instead of balmy swamps. It was also lightweight in build, so feathers on it wouldn't cause overheating. Another thing that set Yutyrannus apart from its later kin is that it didn't develop the bone-crushing bite. Yutyrannus was the largest carnivore in its ecosystem, evolving to a large size early in the game. However, it's jaws evolved convergently to those seen in general Tetanurans - the teeth were designed for cutting bites and its arms were relatively long and still functional for grasping and slashing at prey.
1:10:50 That is... more or less true. These two lightweight terrors were essentially the same animal and were considered such since the 1920's. Though there are some Paleontologist out there who infer there's enough differences to keep the two taxa separate and valid. Of course, if Gorgosaurus was considered invalid, then it would be lumped in with Albertosaurus as its name takes precedent. 1:11:22 Dinosaur intelligence is always a tricky thing to get into. There's no real way to infer how "smart" or "dumb" an animal is without proper assessment, and even then, such values are more based on subjective inference than anything. Still, for Tyrannosaurus and its kin, they did have a certain amount of brainpower that rivaled other large megatheropods of similar sizes. Of course, that's not to say that thry started using tools or had monkey-like intellect. Let's not get carried away. 1:12:32 Maybe. Just to throw it out there, Tyrannosaurus is considered a sister taxa to both Tarbosaurus and Zhuchengtyrannus within the Tribe called Tyrannosaurini. The two first popped up in Asia before Tyrannosaurus rex appeared in the fossil record. Note that I specifically said Tyrannosaurus rex. Early this year, a new species of Tyrannosaurus was erected known as T. mcraeensis from material in New Mexico, which includes a nearly complete skull. The difference between it and T. rex is that T. mcraeensis had a weaker bite and lived over five million years before the former, but this didn't make it the ancestor. It's still likely that Tyrannosaurus as a genus had arrived in America from Asia early on. Though it's just as likely that the Daspletosaur branch gave rise to the lineage that then spread to the East and back Westward. Gotta love the Berring Strait. Also, for those wondering, it's true that there was talk about splitting T. rex into various species. It happens every few years ago. The issue is that because T. rex has so many specimens and material, we have enough diagnostic characters to infer what could be individual variations and what could be enough to define a species specific trait. With T. mcraeensis, the skull and vertebrae anatomy is so drastic along with its temporal position that such a designation is necessary. This is far from the T. imperator and T. regina fiasco. 1:12:41 Actually, it's species name is Z. magnus. Sorry, had to say it. 1:15:31 Eh, that's still considered an overestimate. If I remember, recent studies have shown that T. rex had a maximum speed of 15-17 mph. Still pretty impressive for such a behemoth. That, and it had something most big carnivores lacked: maneuverability. While something like Carnotaurus had speed on its side, Tyrannosaurus was able to turn quickly thanks to its compact body and powerful legs. There was also a paper that came out last year suggesting that those very adaptations also helped T. rex use the water to its advantage. I think it has to do with its height and strong legs that it's able to catch more nimble prey in the water where it has less resistance compared to its prey. 1:15:47 What's being referred to here is the arctometatarsal condition. Effectively, it's when the middle tarsal of the main toe bones is being pinched by the other toes in the ankle. This is a comdition mainly seen in smaller, faster animals. In fact, this was one of the big pieces of evidence that rewrote thr Tyrannosaur lineage back in the 90's. Prior to this, it was assumed that T. rex and its relatives were part of the Carnosaur line (which during this time was a generic group of big carnivorous dinosaurs) related to Allosaurus instead of being a Coelurosaur (the small, nimble animals like Deinonychus). Nowadays, because of the suite of anatomical characteristics and the newly discovered species like Guanlong and Yutyrannus, we now know that T. rex came from smaller animals and inherited their advantages. 1:17:08 What's funny about the Jack Horner thing was that he claimed his scavenger hypothesis was a troll. The way he said it, the issue in Paleontology early on was a lack of concrete data to support the claims, which to be fair, he isn't wrong about. Much of Paleontology was based more on inference from ancient remains. It took years to refine that information into some hard shit. Of course, that isn't to say that even back then, his theory wasn't met with legit criticism. It also didn't help that he kept pushing the idea way past thr millennium. To many in the field, the "T. rex being mainly a scavenger" idea made as much sense as the whole sex lakes fiasco or whatever David Peters is cooking up. 1:17:28 There's the issue. So again, how a brain is measured in the realm of Paleontology, especially for a dinosaur, is very different than how you would measure one in an extant species. Thebidea of a primate-brained tyrant has been bouncing around for thr past few years. It was first proposed by Steve Brusatte in which he noted that T. rex's brain was similar in size to that of a chimp. That soon lead to another paper (it lead to a couple, but the big one is from last year) in which the idea was that T. rex and possibly Acrocanthosaurus had baboon level smarts due to having over three billion telenocephalic neurons. All of this sounds impressive and has huge ramifications. Except that there were various errors done in these papers. However, the main issues came from overestimating thr size of dinosaurs' brains by inferring brain cases reflected the sizes and equating the brains of birds and even reptiles to those of mammals. The reason why mammals have such a high neuron net is due to their large brains on average. Birds have smaller brains in comparison to their body size. Reptile brains are relatively simpler, but have great capabilities in a mental sense. It also didn't help that the person who wrote the second paper, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, lacks a background in Paleoneurology, meaning she didn't know about the brain case issue or the variation in dinosaurs and how a brain can be different between clades. Now as I prefaced before, this doesn't mean I'm saying dinosaurs were slow, lumbering monsters waiting to die. Far from it. However, there's a need to be careful and cover as many bases as possible before making such models. 1:18:33 Well, you're not too far off. Aside from Albertosaurus, Allosaurus and Majungasaurus (all of which show evidence of cannibalism), T. rex has evidence of intraspecific combat on record. Sue, itself, is said to have injuries along the skull caused by a healed bite wound from another Tyrannosaurus. 1:19:27 I had to look this up. I remember hearing about the idea, but not a find. Apparently, it was something of a thought experiment that extrapolated from another paper detailing total population. It's not a concrete certainty, but an extrapolation of various factors such as population density, individual and sexual variation, and a few other things. Even then, that over-guestimate was considered generous compared to a second finding and the scientist behind that cautiomed such a speculative metric. 1:20:11 What's interesting about the Carcharodontosaurs like Giganotosaurus is that they were built mainly for power and resilience. These animals were built to fight larger prey that they've co-evolved with simce the Middle Jurassic. As such, they developed stockier bodies, dagger-like teeth, and giant talons. However, the Tyrannosaurs took over the North shortly after thr big carnosaurs died out as the Late Cretaceous began. Due to their larger brains and growth rates, they managed to develop their size and craft at a quick pace. They replaced niches that were left empty due to the passing of the Allosauroids. Once those Carcharodontosaurs went extinct in the southern continents, the Megaraptorans took their spot, too. Plus keep in mind that the tyrants had their own arms race with another group... 1:22:46 What's funny is that T. rex and Alamosaurus did exist at the same time. The problem is that we don't know if the animals actually interacted. The fossils that we know which are confidently classified as T. rex are from the Northern parts of the USA and Canada. Alamosaurus is known from the Southwest, mainly Texas. It's possible that it did as there are remains attributed to Tyrannosaurus, but mich of that is tentative. We don't know if they're T. rex or another species (we probably won't know until somebody does something about "Alamotyrannus"). What's strange is that Alamosaurus represents the last of the North American sauropods, but there was a gap between it and ones which existed prior to the opening of the Western Interior Seaway spliting up North America. Data shows that Alamosaurus hailed from South America, which was still a big island at the time.
1:23:59 Wait. Ornithomimosaurs weren't Ornithopods. They were Theropod dinosaurs. In fact, they were closely related to the Dromes and Oviraptorosaurs! 1:26:25 For those of you who are womdering "What the fuck??" and "Why the fuck?!", Deinocheirus is actually a basal member of the Ornithomimosaurs. While more derived forms focused more on speed, this animal took the approach of a megaherbivore. They lived in wetlands and oasis that dotted Late Cretaceous Mongolia. As for the second question, Deinocheirus as a species was known about since the seventies, but was named due to the only evidence of its existence - a pair of big ass arms. For years, it was thrown around the Theropod cladogram until in the mid 90's when an examination of the arms showed that it was a relative of Ornithomimus. While all of this was going on, an expedition in 2006 found more evidence of the animal with two new specimens. The problem though is that the most important parts were poached and damaged by black market dealers in 2002 prior to the find. It wouldn't be until 2013 when the stolen parts were tracked down to a private collector who kindly donated them to a museum that the Hell Duck's identity was finally revealed to the world. 1:26:44 ...Yeah, the Therizinosaurs were also Theropods. What's interesting is that their largest member is also a huge unknown, technically. The claws were first found in 1948 and were at first considered part of the remains of a giant clawed turtle (that's the reason why it's called T. cheloniformis). Like Deinocheirus, it was also bouncing between Theropod groups like a pinball untill the 90's after better material from its smaller relatives were found (animals like Segnosaurus, Alxasaurus, Erlikosaurus, etc.)... that people were still confused and thought they were some kind of weird basal sauropod lineage. Things got squared away by the 2010's when netter quality phylogenetic methods came about. 1:28:11 So there was a paper released last year that tested the strength of various Therizinosaurs. Actually there were quite a few, but the one I want to talk about come from last year and 2018. The paper in 2018 that focused on mainly the strength of the humerus and compared them with carnivores like Allosaurus and T. rex. Turns out that the arms were able to handle high stress similar to those of the aforementioned predators. However, the paper cautioned about the possibility of using the claws as weapons. Meanwhile, the 2023 studied doubled down on that warning as the claws of Therizinosaurs were compared with those of Alvarezsaurs (small bird-like dinosaur with tiny arms that ate bugs. Mononykus and Shuuvia are good examples). Turns out that early on in theor evolution, the claws of Therizinosaurs were able to deal with stresses involving things like digging, raking, pulling, etc. The problem is that once these animals began to attain large sizes, the function of the claws lost mechanical usage. They could not withstand pulls, pierces, scratches, or anything. It doesn't help that these claws were very thin. A quote from the paper. "However, the bizarre, huge Therizinosaurus had sickle-like unguals of such length that no mechanical function has been identified; we suggest they were decorative and lengthened by peramorphic growth linked to increased body size."
1:30:21 The thing about the Pachycephalosaurs' heads is one that's been steeped in mystery. Based on what we know, it's likely that these animals resorted to flanking and side blows. However, direct head-butting is a possibility. Research from about a decade ago saw a substantial number of skulls in not just these genus, but other species, found the domes to suffer from lessions caused by osteomyelitis, a type of infection to the bone. Due to the high rate of injuries, the fact that this was spread throughout the taxa, and that the lessions were concentrated at the dome, it was decided that there was intraspecific combat where the skull was not just being used, but the target for battle. Also worth noting is that the skull roof on these dinosaurs were paper thin, but reinforced with a spongy layer of fibrolamellar bone, which not only helped cushion the blows, but also aided in recovery. 1:30:46 Fun fact about Micropachycephalosaurus is that it has the longest name of any dinosaur. It's full name, Micropachycephalosaurus hongtuyanensis, has a record 37 letters. Though it's worth noting that we're unsure if this animal is a Pachycephalosaur, a Marginocephalian, or something outside of the clade altogether. 1:31:50 Both the Ceratopians and Pachycephalosaurs are part of the Marginocephalia clade. 1:32:49 That's true! The first of both of these dinosaurs appeared in the Eastern side of Laurasia during the Middle Jurassic period. The earliest member, Yinlong, was a small herbivore found in China that was discovered with gastroliths (rocks in the gut), which were used to help grind food. This animal shared the same ecosystem as Guanlong and was likely it's prey item. The rivalry between these clades would persist for over ninety million years. 1:33:20 While the horns of Triceratops are impressive, they weren't the longest on record. That title goes to Coahuilaceratops, with four foot brow horns. Of course, this isn't to say that there weren't a few individuals that beat the average; Yoshi's Trike is a good example of impressive headgear, only being beaten by a few inches. 1:33:45 That's not necessarily true as it depends on which species you're talking about. Protoceratops comes in two flavors: P. andrewsi and P. hellenikorhinus. When people think of Protoceratops, they're likely referring to this animal. However, P. andrewsi had a small, pointy horn on it's snout. Meanwhile, the latter was a larger animal that actually had two low ridges running along its snout. The funny thing is that P. hellenikorhinus came from a nearby formation separate from its kin and it was believed that this animal had evolved from P. andrewsi within one million years. 1:36:00 So this is actually pretty interesting as among dinosaurs, Protoceratops andrewsi is one of the few species where sexual dimorphism is noted. Males were larger with broader frills and the nose horns while females were smaller with wider nasal bones and smaller frills. Of course, it's possible that not all of these traits correlate with sexual dimorphism, but repeated papers have lead to this idea, or at least settle on the horn being the key. 1:36:21 Herding is a contentious subject regarding who you ask. Certain species of Ceratopsian dinosaurs have been found with high numbers in some bonebeds. The idea is largely supported in species of Centrosaurines (a group that generally have smaller frills and larger nasal hornes), but Chasmosaurines (the second group with larger frills and smaller brow horns like Triceratops) are relatively rarer. This could be in part due to preservation bias or that such bonebeds have yet to be found as much as it could be a less social trend. 1:38:46 Just to add, the stumps on the nose and eyes of Pachyrhinosaurus are called "bosses". At one time, it was believed that these flat surfaces housed large and thick horns that were destroyed during fossilization. However, between the fact that there are three species in the genus that lack any horns and that other genera have been found with the same condition, the idea was soon dropped. 1:41:54 Okay, I have to say there's no need to sell the duck-bills so short. When it comes to dinosaurs, these guys were among the most successful types and in some species reached sizes that were beyond their predators. Currently, the largest non-sauropod dinosaur on record is Shantungosaurus, with a length of 54 feet and weighing in at 16 tonnes. 1:42:18 Ajnabia is a relatively new discovery and one of the smallest of the Hadrosaurs. This animal came from Morocco and is the first of the duck-bills described in Africa. It's name, "foreigner", is in reference to it's closest relatives being found in Europe. 1:44:05 Okay, you got me! Well done!🤣🤣🤣👏👏👏 1:44:29 Stegouros and Euoplocephalus are my favorites in this group. 1:45:01 Speaking of Stegouros, Minmi belongs to a unique group of Southern ankylosaurs. At first, it was considered either a Nodosaur (a group characterized by having no tail vlubs, generally speaking), and then some strange, basal outlier, before being considered an invalid taxa due to the description of Kunbarrasaurus, another Aussie neighbor. However, thanks to the discovery of Stegouros, it has been determined to be part of a clade of armored dinosaurs that split prior to the Nodosaur/Ankylosaur divergence; the Panankylosaurs of Australia, Antarctica, and South America which had tails shaped more like swords than clubs. Maybe. The thing about Minmi is that it's had issues taxonomically speaking. The thyreophoran is known mostly from fragmentary remains and depictions take heavy inspiration from a related animal known as Kunbarrosaurus. In recent papers, it's been found that Minmi is distinct enough from that genus and Nodosaurs to be considered it's own animal, though. 1:48:53 Surprisingly, this is one of the most accurate depictions of Ankylosaurus I've seen in a while. 1:49:06 I disagree. Saurophaganax was a giant lion. It's claws and fangs were made to slash into thick hides. Ankylosaurus' skin isn't just hard skin, but strong scutes that were flat and durable along with two collars of armor around its neck. It's also been suggested that aside from its tail, Ankylosaurus would've simply hunkered down in order to avoid being gutted. Stegosaurus was tall and well armored, but it lacked the side spikes that its smaller relatives possessed.
58:30 thats not from a study its a meme about how spinosaurus was seeming to turning out that it was more and more aquatic as we gained more info since jp3 also we've literally been through how much saurophaganax and giga are adapted for slashing i think anky should go above them, same level or above triceratops cuz of its armor
Absolute peak video from you, you never miss man. Love all the research and detail you put into this, but I’ll have to admit you did the ankylosaurus dirty, even T. rex would have a hard time with him. Anyway, excited for Pokémon DND and even more excited for the Godzilla and Kong tier list, what films do you plan on doing?
This video is a monster man. I can’t wait to watch it fully. Love dinosaurs and I love your videos. High quality and really well made. Edit: so far it’s amazing, Also MY FAV CARNIVORE-SAUROPHAGONAX LETS GOOOOO. Second fav carnivores the carcarodontosaurus family coming up is also a W. Also big agreements with Donny, God almighty is on top frfr
I really hope the Prezzies do a prehistoric oceans tier list Also i love donalds line "Tyrannosaurus Rex is an unholy alliance of size, power and intelligence" movie worthy stuff
This is a major feat in AI voice content. It's a borderline documentary, very funny, and at the core of its brilliance, it quite definitively solves a schoolground debate. 10/10 RU-vid video.
This is great, very well researched, and analyzed, I would like to see more of a combat tier list with this type of style. With something fictional, let's say if you do Godzilla monsters or MCU characters or something, you could even do the same system in the Hunter video where you rank different aspect of them. For example let's say you rank: Feats, Statements, power's and Scalling. Feats being what the character can do and how many do they have, statements are what the author or people with un the movie say and if it is credible, power's will be there individual powers how powerfull are they (professor x isnt as strong as daredevil but his power of mindcontrol can wipe the floor with Daredevil) and Scaling being if a character with little or no feats and statement are comparable to another character in strength and power (example, if the hulk can destroy cities and Thanos beat the hulk his strength should be comparable). Hopefully something like this could be done.
Cenozoic tier list baby!! I wanna see giant ground sloths like Megatherium in S tier for being well adapted and able to perfectly survive in both of the americas, even managing to make it to America twice! While also being able to maintain their niches when North American animals began to outcompete South American animals with similar niches.
I’m loving the game of figuring out what the sounds the Dino’s make. Shoutout to the ones you pull from walking with dinosaurs like allosaurus. Love it man
34:32 I'm surprised that you didn't mention that we found a fossil of a Stegosaurus tail that ruptured an Allosaur pelvis which is potentially the first crotch shot! Also just got back from the Chiricahua mountains with no internet and found some Ordovician fossils (some muscles, worm trails, and crinoids which while not as cool as a cameroceras, a trilobite, or a eurypterid, were pretty awesome)!
Great vid but still think a Rex could take on Edmonatsaurs. Close battle but the big heads of the Rex would be in perfect position for the bigger bodies of the Hadrosaurs
really looking forward to more of your animal tier lists. So nice to have something to watch and relate to as someone that's interested in all of these things, wonderful work!
I have to rewatch this daily for my daily dose of this variant of president squad, since I’m waiting for the Jurassic World tier List and the Pokemon DnD
Lions frequently and consistently hunt animals well outisde of a simple Bull with similar weapons. That said fire Tier list. Love these videos from this channel. My favorite AI channel hands down.
Holy shit I was wondering why there hasn't been a video for a bit! A 2 hour tier list with some custom animation. We can always count on you to bring out some banger content.
Ngl I really appreciate the effort that goes into these from the research to the little things like the backdrop or how the presidents dress if it’s a hunting tier list
I really appreciate the many and varied pictures of each president and generally matching what was being shown or said on screen. Awesome work! Makes it worth more than just a single look. Great comedy as well. Nothing too dark.
This is the best one ever I love it. Keep up your RU-vid career my friends. And I want to see them play The Isle & The Path Of Titans. I would love to see them play those two games and maybe they should play a horror survival game as well like Friday the 13th The Game or Resident Evil Or Evil Dead The Game or maybe just maybe World War Z. And maybe they could do a Tier list or a draft of it in the future.
Holy crap. I found this channel through this video, at least 4 days ago and have watched this video 9 times already. All 2 hours. Perfect blend of humor, education, and the personalities are perfect matches to each president. I'd love to see more from you man. I'd like to give you ideas if you want. Let's talk sometime
54:15 there's an awesome life sized Acrocanthosaurus model at the Phoenix Natural history museum, it also lived here in Arizona and was an awesome dinosaur that even looks a bit like Godzilla with those spines!
Love these Tierlists. They feel like genuine conversations. Especially love the Hunting, Fishing, Cryptid Tierlists and even the Toast Tierlists. Also love the inclusion of George.
Hey, I love your videos! It’s amazing how you are able to make them both hilarious and informational at the same time! I was wondering if you could perhaps make a video on astronomy? The presidents could all go down to George’s ranch, or out to Hawaii with Barack and do some star gazing while also ranking the Stars, planets, and nebulae that we have discovered. It would be a great opportunity to educate the public on the beauty and wonders of universe. I know this would probably take ages to complete a project of this magnitude, but it would be incredible! Thank you again for your amazing videos, and keep up the good work!
