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What are the Strings in String Theory? 

PBS Space Time
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Why strings? What are they made of? How did physicists even come up with this bizarre idea? And what’s all this nonsense of extra dimensions?
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Previous Episode:
Computing a Universe Simulation
• Computing a Universe S...
Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Matt O'Dowd
Graphics by Luke Maroldi
Assistant Editing and Sound Design by Mike Petrow
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
In physics we like to reduce down our description of the mechanics of reality to the simplest possible form. We expect the most fundamental machinery to have the fewest possible moving parts - or free parameters. This is why the standard model of particle physics is considered incomplete. Its equations predict many things with stunning accuracy, but they first require us to tune many mathematical knobs and dials. We need to use physical measurement to fix 19 free parameters like the masses of particles. And then there’s gravity, which doesn’t fit into the standard model at all. So surely there exists a deeper set of cogs and wheels - a theory that brings all observable phenomena into the same mechanical framework. That would be a theory of everything, and this is the great hope of string theory.
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سلطان الخليفي

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17 окт 2018

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Комментарии : 3,5 тыс.   
@craigdodman6637
@craigdodman6637 4 года назад
The whole universe literally just be vibing
@nicolaparsons5703
@nicolaparsons5703 Год назад
🤣
@Scroom0000
@Scroom0000 Год назад
What is that melody!?!?
@ganymedemlem6119
@ganymedemlem6119 Год назад
This is my favorite comment ever.
@morsecodereviews1553
@morsecodereviews1553 Год назад
​@@Scroom0000 whatever LoFi Girl is listening to.
@robynsun_love
@robynsun_love 4 месяца назад
Already is without string theory. The Standard Model already presumes elementary particles are really just vibrations within universe-spanning quantum fields. 🙃
@mexmexican8619
@mexmexican8619 4 года назад
I’m glad there are well produced physics videos on youtube like this that don’t resort to sensationalism like other channels
@randyzeitman1354
@randyzeitman1354 Год назад
Me too. Unfortunately they’re not here.
@lucasterremoto7428
@lucasterremoto7428 Год назад
I love how matt makes it clear what has scientific comprovation and whats is theorical
@lt3880
@lt3880 Год назад
michio kaku has left the chat
@J05Hization
@J05Hization 11 месяцев назад
@@randyzeitman1354how so?
@jasoncruz19800
@jasoncruz19800 2 месяца назад
String theory is the only way physics leads so it's inevitable. I did my undergrad in physics and yeah....there's 0 other options in the math..And physics is all math. Loop quantum gravity is blatantly incorrect(gr cannot be derived from it) and abandoned decades ago. String theory is literally the Only option
@forsaturn4629
@forsaturn4629 5 лет назад
*_quack_* *_anti-quack_*
@Skrajne_centrum
@Skrajne_centrum 5 лет назад
Theory of quantum ducks!
@fosheimdet
@fosheimdet 4 года назад
Supersymmetry predicts the existence of squarks such as the sup and stop squarks.
@specimen9862
@specimen9862 4 года назад
Alpha気 quark********
@SaSa-fh2go
@SaSa-fh2go 4 года назад
Ducks' quack isn't echo lol
@manashejmadi
@manashejmadi 4 года назад
*Kurzgesagt joined the chat*
@hunterstephens4541
@hunterstephens4541 4 года назад
"You guessed it." "I did?" "Strings." "Oh."
@LuisSierra42
@LuisSierra42 3 года назад
I did
@ASLUHLUHCE
@ASLUHLUHCE 5 лет назад
This is what happens when you leave theoretical physicists on their own for too long
@comeonboi
@comeonboi 5 лет назад
he's a pickup instructor normally. this is his side job
@jamesbra4410
@jamesbra4410 5 лет назад
Study topology and come back to me
@rodneymatthewmiller2934
@rodneymatthewmiller2934 5 лет назад
Well I question whether string theory is an expanse of Relativity? The reason I ask this is because The fundement of Quantum Physics is the Matter and the results of. Hence the search for the Graviton. String Theory is the concept of energy being the primary and matter being the secondary or at least the wall that exists between Multiverses. Theoretically the Graviton may exist beyond the wall of String Theory and String Theory is analogous with the Swartzchild radius of a Black hole. We have zero information about a Black hole yet we have attributed it to a singularity mathematically. I am confused about the relation of little g to big G. Why is it impossible to quantify Big G yet we are able to quantify little g. Especially considering spacetime has a quantfied time Dialation?
@Jazzblade1977
@Jazzblade1977 5 лет назад
I thought that was CERN ;P
@melgross
@melgross 5 лет назад
You guys are very destructive. My bet is that he knows far more that all of you put together.
@matthewkagemann3328
@matthewkagemann3328 5 лет назад
I just ate string cheese while watching this video, and it is increasing my mass, eliminating my stress, and causing internal waves.
@Kalenz1234
@Kalenz1234 5 лет назад
Don't forget the rapid expansion into two of the three dimensions.
@kendomyers
@kendomyers 5 лет назад
Science!
@LuisSierra42
@LuisSierra42 5 лет назад
Are the internal waves bothering you?
@matthewkagemann3328
@matthewkagemann3328 5 лет назад
They eventually pass via the fourth dimension.
@TheRolvaag
@TheRolvaag 5 лет назад
I am too! What the fuck!?
@pluspiping
@pluspiping 3 года назад
This is the first time I'm actually understanding (and retaining) wtf the "strings" are in String Theory. Excellent background and explanation! Thank you!
@zenithomega19
@zenithomega19 5 лет назад
Great. So the universe is a gigantic guitar
@hreader
@hreader 5 лет назад
Or a Bach fugue!
@richarddeese1991
@richarddeese1991 5 лет назад
Now all we need is a string theory Guitar Hero! Rikki Tikki.
@thewhizkid3937
@thewhizkid3937 4 года назад
Cosmic Musique 🎼
@Evan102030
@Evan102030 4 года назад
And we are the most beautifully complex and harmonious chords God could create playing it. What is God made of though?
@thewhizkid3937
@thewhizkid3937 4 года назад
Evan102030 I guess for arguments sake, some people just say that "GOD" is dark matter (not really) but hope ya get the idea. There is also string theory which seeks to explain everything. We are all connected via an invisible string/chord
@Michael500ca
@Michael500ca 5 лет назад
But I don't want any more dimensions. It is already hard enough to find my keys.
@wollythebaker397
@wollythebaker397 5 лет назад
Your keys won't go to other dimension. At least at this level of technology. * _ 8 /
@Vatsek
@Vatsek 5 лет назад
You are a special case, the rest of us don't have that issue.
@-_Nuke_-
@-_Nuke_- 5 лет назад
just imagine the struggle
@keithdurant4570
@keithdurant4570 5 лет назад
Not a problem...you just need to be driving a TARDIS.
@funnyclips1334
@funnyclips1334 5 лет назад
Don't stress too much about it, physicists cant find 84% of matter
@Bluemilk92
@Bluemilk92 5 лет назад
*Me during the video* "Yup... Uh huh... Makes sense... Of course... Jeez, this guy's actually explaining String Theory, and everything he says makes perfect sense" "So what was the video about?" "Pff"
@redmed10
@redmed10 5 лет назад
He does that have that style of delivery where you understand the words he is saying but not have a clue what he's talking about. It's like in hospital dramas where they throw all these technical terms about and they don't mean a thing to average joe but sounds good.
@tompatterson1548
@tompatterson1548 4 года назад
String theory is a religion masquerading as science
@tompatterson1548
@tompatterson1548 4 года назад
@Bacalhau da Noruegaeverythings made of strings made of nothing
@BradWatsonMiami
@BradWatsonMiami 4 года назад
@@tompatterson1548: Wrong. Strings are made of energy and information.
@johncanag33
@johncanag33 4 года назад
It's because during the video you are saying to yourself 'he understands it, he understands it, he understands it' rather than 'i understand it, i understand it, i understand it'
@Pejvaque
@Pejvaque 4 года назад
You guys not only get much more in depth with these complex subjects than other places, but somehow still succeed in making it digestible!
@user-ko8fh5rd7t
@user-ko8fh5rd7t 4 года назад
You could say string theory comes with a lot of strings attached.
@elinicoritale6384
@elinicoritale6384 3 года назад
Zing!
@colelevel2654
@colelevel2654 3 года назад
No
@GuadalupeGonzalez-dl2xo
@GuadalupeGonzalez-dl2xo 3 года назад
Bud um tiss*
@tres-2b299
@tres-2b299 3 года назад
Kurzgesagt
@chrismills9620
@chrismills9620 Год назад
yuk yuk yuk yuk yuk 🤪
@yuvalne
@yuvalne 5 лет назад
Wow, I didn't expect to be featured in the video. And my name was even pronounced pretty much correctly!
@pbsspacetime
@pbsspacetime 5 лет назад
Phew.
@talhatariqyuluqatdis
@talhatariqyuluqatdis 4 года назад
XD
@talhatariqyuluqatdis
@talhatariqyuluqatdis 4 года назад
@@pbsspacetime Hahaha
@yelectric1893
@yelectric1893 4 года назад
Awesome
@SaSa-fh2go
@SaSa-fh2go 4 года назад
I'm glad you are here to explain these curious creatures about string theory
@starcrashr
@starcrashr 5 лет назад
Q: "What are strings made of?" A: "It's strings all the way down!"
@stephenbrand5661
@stephenbrand5661 4 года назад
Man every time I try and really focus on this stuff I’m almost immediately confronted with words I have to look up and before I know it 5 minutes of the video have played without me having really understood or absorbed any of it in a meaningful way. Yet still I watch.
@ph0non
@ph0non 5 лет назад
"Oh and we needed to add 22 dimensions to the familiar 4, no biggie!" xDD
@BradWatsonMiami
@BradWatsonMiami 4 года назад
Unified Strings 21 or 19 (Dimensions & Aspects of Spacetime) is physics' 'Theory of Everything', yet it falls under the umbrella of GOD=7_4 or FOD=6_4 on Planet Nestor. See GOD704.fandom.com . Atheists hate this.
@OpportunisticHunter
@OpportunisticHunter 4 года назад
@@BradWatsonMiami "Atheists hate this" hahaahahahah
@OpportunisticHunter
@OpportunisticHunter 4 года назад
@@BradWatsonMiami God is the Super Artificial Intelligence that created this universe from an universe full of Matrioskha Brains
@bamb8s436
@bamb8s436 4 года назад
@@BradWatsonMiami I don t even get whatchu talkin bout
@BradWatsonMiami
@BradWatsonMiami 4 года назад
@@bamb8s436: String theory states there's an additional 7 dimensions of hyperspace + the 4 common dimensions. There are 7 aspects of 'regular time' + 4 aspects of 'hypertime'. See GOD=7_4 Theory at GOD704.fandom.com .
@vytautasdanielius7058
@vytautasdanielius7058 5 лет назад
Are the strings that control gravity called G-strings?
@Qqquuuqqquqqque1297
@Qqquuuqqquqqque1297 5 лет назад
asking the real questions
@Nathan-yk5km
@Nathan-yk5km 5 лет назад
Ayyyyyy
@Jadinandrews
@Jadinandrews 5 лет назад
Ah, that explains the smell
@josed.vargas3961
@josed.vargas3961 5 лет назад
Now they are
@huepix
@huepix 5 лет назад
No. It's a bottom E
@javierab4371
@javierab4371 5 лет назад
I wish I could live enough to see if we finally get to an answer for this 😭
@AmYiChai
@AmYiChai 5 лет назад
well, you just might
@-_Nuke_-
@-_Nuke_- 5 лет назад
I bet the asnwer is fries
@joeshmoe7967
@joeshmoe7967 5 лет назад
Sure if you live to infinity....
@taurusmonkey8780
@taurusmonkey8780 5 лет назад
Amen brother. This is all fiction.
@noexitnoproblem6037
@noexitnoproblem6037 5 лет назад
The answer is divide by zero.
@ohf27
@ohf27 3 года назад
“It’s a warm summer evening in Ancient Greece”
@foreverkid2930
@foreverkid2930 3 года назад
😂 Is this from Big Bang Theory?
@onlopine
@onlopine 3 года назад
OH BALLS
@upgrade1583
@upgrade1583 5 лет назад
I find it strange that older videos are never wrong and it all fits together
@MichaelOrtega
@MichaelOrtega 5 лет назад
Space is cool
@friendlydragon8999
@friendlydragon8999 5 лет назад
So is microsopic world
@chii2924
@chii2924 5 лет назад
Time is neat
@sfglim5341
@sfglim5341 5 лет назад
Michael Ortega Cool is space 👌
@TheColemancreek
@TheColemancreek 5 лет назад
Space-time is very cool. Absolute zero is as low as you can go. Someone knit me wookie hair sweater, I'm shivering.
@user-lw5oc1tt8k
@user-lw5oc1tt8k 5 лет назад
but showing off your channel in other channels isn't
@TheExoplanetsChannel
@TheExoplanetsChannel 5 лет назад
Another master piece video
@williamblake7386
@williamblake7386 5 лет назад
another useless string theory video on youtube. how about showing what laws and events look from a view of strings? strings solves singularity? ok good. show us how. every youtube video-same blablablah about extra dimentions and thats it. masterpiece, mother of god.
@malachiclark1896
@malachiclark1896 5 лет назад
@UR Just Wrong how is that a fair comment? Even the minority of us who are educated have problems comprehending this advanced (and very very very theoretical) way of thinking. Me thinks you are a man way too fucking high on his horse.
@malachiclark1896
@malachiclark1896 5 лет назад
@@williamblake7386 how about you give these people time to dive into these things instead of fucking jumping the gun and assuming they will explain everything you need to know about this theory in one 13 minute video? I swear comments like that are what turn people off entirely from these fucking subjects. You both sound uneducated to me.
@malachiclark1896
@malachiclark1896 5 лет назад
@@williamblake7386 You are not wrong. Dear fucking mother of God even the smart people are fucking idiots anymore.
@Mach1Greeble
@Mach1Greeble 5 лет назад
@UR Just Wrong r/iamverysmart caught in the wild.
@reyeslerma720
@reyeslerma720 5 лет назад
I'm going for my associates degree in astronomy at the moment and love watching your videos to stimulate my mind no matter where I'm at. (I'm going to work toward a PhD)
@loathbringer
@loathbringer 2 года назад
I don’t care if it’s been two years since you’ve made this comment. I hope you made it or are still pursuing it! Yeah science!
@InoriVoid
@InoriVoid 2 года назад
Im studying for my 7th grade stanford OHS midterm
@JonahNelson7
@JonahNelson7 2 года назад
The sheer amount of information in the world is exciting
@blakeb9964
@blakeb9964 2 года назад
Hope you did it!
@abc-ey4ld
@abc-ey4ld Год назад
yeah me too man, i'm going for my associates in astro-physics/quantum biology in devry university ... excellent degree ...
@55painterman
@55painterman 4 года назад
can't believe anyone would say that any of your video's are boring?" ...no way! i learn something new every time i watch one of your video's .. to me every single video you make is incredibly interesting and mind expanding, and i want to thank you for all of your awesome video's Matt* ....
@kdeuler
@kdeuler 5 лет назад
“Su”, my new favorite particle!
@beri4138
@beri4138 3 года назад
It's an element, not a particle.
@tres-2b299
@tres-2b299 3 года назад
@@beri4138 shutupandcalculateonium Its a joke, i know its an element
@MOSMASTERING
@MOSMASTERING 5 лет назад
I love this channel. There's no way these videos are boring.. they're about the universe and everything in it!
@CockatooDude
@CockatooDude 5 лет назад
I've been waiting for a deeper video (well set of videos) on this topic for a while now. So thank you for doing this, it is very enlightening.
@sledgehammer5033
@sledgehammer5033 4 года назад
the fact that these videos exist for free on youtube gives me substantial hope for humanity's future in the universe
@gravijta936
@gravijta936 5 лет назад
If string theory were correct, cats would have unraveled the universe by now.
@TheRogueWolf
@TheRogueWolf 5 лет назад
Just like how if the Earth was flat, cats would have knocked everything off of it by now.
@rickharper4533
@rickharper4533 5 лет назад
Gravijta perhaps cats know all things in the universe and just cant tell us?
@altareggo
@altareggo 5 лет назад
lol or simply WON'T tell us.... cats like to keep us humans in suspense :-=).
@a-blivvy-yus
@a-blivvy-yus 5 лет назад
How do we know getting tangled up in the strings isn't how they got here?
@bio3m
@bio3m 5 лет назад
This is why cats were considered gods
@raspas99
@raspas99 5 лет назад
23andMe is involved in multiple scandals with selling the data of their customers. Selling without informing them of course. I would really think about changing the sponsor.
@rafaellisboa8493
@rafaellisboa8493 5 лет назад
do you have proof?
@Jadinandrews
@Jadinandrews 5 лет назад
Nah, put their money to good use funding PBS. It's not like PBS viewers are total idiots.
@borisdorofeev5602
@borisdorofeev5602 5 лет назад
Yea, let them fund Space Time. I don't think any viewers will really consider using their services anyway. Who cares if you have 2.5÷ Ivory Coast heritage?
@sleepy314
@sleepy314 5 лет назад
I want to know about the Neantertal ...
@johnnywest5445
@johnnywest5445 5 лет назад
Do you have proof they aren't? Their TOS doesn't prevent it. Livescience had an article on it back in July, as did Business Insider, who also had a second one in Aug. @ra said to 'really think about changing the sponsor'. 'Really think about' means to research and consider it, not do it immediately just because he said to.
@sysprog999
@sysprog999 4 года назад
Best explanation I've seen so far. Ties together all the little snippets that I've accumulated over the years.
@theHiddenStone
@theHiddenStone 2 года назад
Thanks for this. This was always one of the big missing pieces of the puzzle for me. It always seemed like the idea of string just came from nowhere.
@vacuumdiagrams652
@vacuumdiagrams652 5 лет назад
Historical detail at 6:50: It was De Broglie who thought of Bohr's model in terms of standing waves!
@TheCimbrianBull
@TheCimbrianBull 5 лет назад
That's because he thought the model was Bohr-ring! 😜
@jannegrey593
@jannegrey593 5 лет назад
And later Bohm. Standing wave is part of pilot-wave theory - which has a lot of problems, but just like String theory is just a way to visualize, and understand physics. Now I'm Copenhagen, but there is something beautiful in String Theory.
@leaderofcommunistchina1427
@leaderofcommunistchina1427 5 лет назад
I scrolled down to see if someone else had noticed too, gj
@xabieroiangurenasua8127
@xabieroiangurenasua8127 5 лет назад
That's so rigth!!
@maxgreece1
@maxgreece1 5 лет назад
That was 101? I'm in trouble understanding this already. Why do I watch this show? Why do I think it's the same as when my cat watches the TV? Miaow!
@shibolinemress8913
@shibolinemress8913 5 лет назад
Is it Schrödiger's cat? 😉
@stauroulapatsourou7278
@stauroulapatsourou7278 5 лет назад
Max Goodman, same here!😂😂😂
@robinhodgkinson
@robinhodgkinson 5 лет назад
Yes my inability to comprehend much of it is fascinating and profound
@pppoopoo69
@pppoopoo69 5 лет назад
I understood the chart with the quirks leptons and such otherwise I’m clueless lol
@volbla
@volbla 5 лет назад
Google image search "the standard model of fundamental particles and interactions chart" and you'll know everything you need to know about the universe :)
@Adam-ui3yn
@Adam-ui3yn 5 лет назад
I'm very grateful and appreciative for these excellent videos that give me the opportunity to learn about whatever I fancy. Keep up the good work !
@user-nw6oj4wb2k
@user-nw6oj4wb2k 5 лет назад
This was great, more videos explaining the fundamentals of these theories would be great. It helps understand more advanced topics later on.
@hajenzoo29
@hajenzoo29 5 лет назад
Electrons are not Bohring!
@-_Nuke_-
@-_Nuke_- 5 лет назад
The boring world of Niels Bohr also, etcetera
@tomrhodes1629
@tomrhodes1629 5 лет назад
But nowadays ELECTIONS are sure boring! (No choice, as both parties have been commandeered by the same corporate interests.) Nonetheless, as Max Planck knew, here's what science will find when it finally acknowledges "the bottom of the rabbit hole": EVERYTHING IS THOUGHT WITHIN A GREAT MIND. And the MATERIAL Universe of our LIMITED sense perceptions is NOT Reality, but is literally a VIRTUAL REALITY MATRIX where lies are often offered as "truths." If you want to know WHY we are experiencing a limited and false (virtual) reality rather than Reality Itself, read my book "The Holy Grail is Found." There is no need for further mental masturbation.
@chrissonofpear3657
@chrissonofpear3657 5 лет назад
Yeah, yeah. We know that elections have increasingly become circuses, with the choices narrowed ahead of time. But keeping on topic...
@sidewinder814u
@sidewinder814u 5 лет назад
@@chrissonofpear3657 sounds like Rosanna Danna, next he'll ask why we're talking about the erections...just saying! lol
@jonas-ke4qz
@jonas-ke4qz 5 лет назад
boring*
@timothylee1
@timothylee1 5 лет назад
The neutrino line of the leptons at 0:51 are mislabeled (well, the second and third ones), if you care. Ticky tack, I know. :)
@bopyourhead9584
@bopyourhead9584 5 лет назад
Well spotted, nothing wrong with being a bit captious!
@TheFlipside
@TheFlipside 5 лет назад
They also mixed up the photon and gluon symbol. Also the symbols for muon neutrino and tau neutrino are where the muon and tau are, and vice versa. The electron neutrino has the electron symbol and the electron has the gluon symbol
@GeekRedux
@GeekRedux 5 лет назад
I was quite surprised by how messed up that graphic is.
@Zahlenteufel1
@Zahlenteufel1 5 лет назад
Don't you guys know about the new elementary particles: the gelectron, the vuon, the vau, the goton, and the pluon? ;)
@InfectedChris
@InfectedChris 5 лет назад
Timothy Lee I noticed that as well!
@zollof6699
@zollof6699 11 месяцев назад
So fascinating!! I'm glad I found your channel, with the simple enough explanations, a simply educated person like me can actually make sense of it. I'm really excited to dive in deeper!
@kimmaz7721
@kimmaz7721 4 года назад
I have no clue what he said
@Integralsouls
@Integralsouls 4 года назад
as expected from someone who has an anime profile pic
@aurora4757
@aurora4757 4 года назад
@@Integralsouls oof
@owlredshift
@owlredshift 4 года назад
Too much Boharing content 🥱
@shaikrehanaparveen8862
@shaikrehanaparveen8862 4 года назад
@@owlredshift then why watch?
@owlredshift
@owlredshift 4 года назад
@@shaikrehanaparveen8862 That was a physics pun 🤓 Look up Bohar
@janculits
@janculits 5 лет назад
The "standing wave" animation is trippy as hell
@StevePlaysBanjo
@StevePlaysBanjo 5 лет назад
Watching SpaceTime before bedtime: more effective than sleeping with a book under the pillow. I don’t know how, but I wake up just a little bit smarter the next day.
@charlieangkor8649
@charlieangkor8649 5 лет назад
Steve Harrison bed and time. then einstein came and unified it into one bedtime.
@lorenrenee1
@lorenrenee1 5 лет назад
Steve Harrison my son loved the Nova series about String theory hosted by Brian Green and frequently went to sleep with it playing. He is now indeed a certified genius with a persistent passion for theoretical physics 😂
@Jop_pop
@Jop_pop 5 лет назад
I do the exact same thing
@1112viggo
@1112viggo 4 года назад
i feel like the more of these videos i watch the more ignorant i realize i am..
@amcguigan2389
@amcguigan2389 7 месяцев назад
Brilliantly done! Easy to understand. Matt - you are excellent. Also, very engaging delivery. The graphics are helpful. Thank you so much.
@erbenton07
@erbenton07 5 лет назад
I'm working on Dot Theory, little tiny vibrating dots
@thesoundsmith
@thesoundsmith 5 лет назад
Dots nice...
@fgvcosmic6752
@fgvcosmic6752 5 лет назад
That’s just regular quantum theory
@fisharepeopletoo9653
@fisharepeopletoo9653 4 года назад
Thats just a smaller version of string theory
@PsilentMusicUK
@PsilentMusicUK 4 года назад
I prefer garlic bread theory. Lots of tiny vibrating slices of garlic bread.
@beri4138
@beri4138 3 года назад
That's literally just the standard model
@Dragrath1
@Dragrath1 5 лет назад
What bothers me about string "theory" is both the tunability to match any prediction while offering no known testable predictions to test the "theory" and more worryingly the rapid dismissal of questions regarding the "theory" that worries me. I fear some people may have gotten so caught up in the theories beauty that they have neglected the fundamental role of testability in keeping science grounded in our physical universe. And that is ignoring the misuse of the word "theory" which in the context of the sciences is reserved for well tested hypothesis that both explain our universe in a predictable testable way and have predicted phenomenon latter observed all while standing up to challenge after challenge. If string "theory" is to earn its name then it must meet that standard.
@jefferytoledo2505
@jefferytoledo2505 5 лет назад
There's lots of abuse of terminology in theoretical physics. Many physicists use "theory" to mean "model," (example: Chern-Simons theory). It might be weird for science PR to call the theory of evolution and string theory both theories, but the name "string theory" kinda stuck by now. You can always try and make string theorists call it otherwise if you want, though! String theory is more like a mathematical framework or model that, in some limits, contains some quantum field theories we know and love, and also gravity. And that's kinda cool :p . Also, string theories give some really nice predictions / backpredictions regarding some dualities (AdS/CFT is a good example!). Also, if you're somewhere in between Maths and Physics, you can always have some fun doing string theory :) so there's that. Whether or not string theory can be useful... :p eh, the math of QFT itself are so weird already (in formal terms) that string theory might be plain intractable, if it's supposed to contain QFTs in some of its limits. I personally treat String Theory more as a playground to try and rederive some nice mathematical relations / explanations / backpredictions for QFT, but that's just me.
@stephenschneider3521
@stephenschneider3521 5 лет назад
Theory can be an open ended world in a lot of sciences. In psychology 'theory' is often discussed before a hypothesis as being merely a frame work of ideas/possibilities that drive us to investigate different hypothesis. So from psychology, to biology, to physics, I think people use theory more loosely than maybe the text books or some non-scientists insist. Also, I think the only reason 'theory' became a buzzword is as Jeffery Toledo was talking about with Evolution. Some people in America particularly do not like evolution because it conflicts with their religion, and made an attack on it as a 'theory', preferring it to be called anything else to discredit it. The word 'theory' became under threat and so people, at least in the states, started to more narrowly define it, perhaps unfairly. I like how Rickhard Dawkins put it, calling many things in science 'theories', barely a few things, and mostly only in mathematics as laws or theorems, and some almost certainly true theories as [his word] theori-orems. But honestly, Jeff is right. How anal we are about the word is more for PR against science-haters, than it is hardcore science speak. At least in my opinion [disclaimer: I only have a bachelors degree] it is OK to use the word somewhat loosely, somewhere between the popular scooby-doo usage, and the more exacting text book usage. That said, I'm hardly an expert.
@connorschmidt5945
@connorschmidt5945 5 лет назад
The main reason we can't test the theory is because we normally test theories by taking an unobserved prediction of the theory and testing to see if the prediction is correct. The problem is string theory is used to explain observations we've already made, leaving no room for predictions to be tested. This is not completely true, as string theory predicts some energy to be lost as gravitons in particle collisions, which has sadly not been observed
@connorschmidt5945
@connorschmidt5945 5 лет назад
...yet
@tomrhodes1629
@tomrhodes1629 5 лет назад
As Max Planck knew, here's what science will find when it finally acknowledges "the bottom of the rabbit hole": EVERYTHING IS THOUGHT WITHIN A GREAT MIND. And the MATERIAL Universe of our LIMITED sense perceptions is NOT Reality, but is literally a VIRTUAL REALITY MATRIX. If you want to know WHY we are experiencing a limited and false (virtual) reality rather than Reality Itself, read my book "The Holy Grail is Found." There is no need for further mental masturbation.
@mememem
@mememem 5 лет назад
String theory is so elegant that you only need to contrive 7(+1) additional dimensions to make it reach a state of plausibility, let alone get it to a point of accurately modeling the dimensions we _can_ perceive. Few things in life are so compelling.
@TheColemancreek
@TheColemancreek 5 лет назад
I think gravity and quantum mechanics will always remain separate. Gravity being simply the curvature of space-time, and we are propelled forward through it inexplicably. The weakest force by orders of magnitude, but it's pull is felt from eternal distances. Moving through time seems to be utterly unavoidable, whether at our leisurely pace or falling into a black hole towards another point in time or towards oblivion, who knows. Nothing can escape gravity. Meme I agree that string theory is just adding another layer of complexity where it is not needed. The simplest and most elegant theories with the least assumptions are always the way to go.
@Adraria8
@Adraria8 5 лет назад
The universe does not have to be as simple and elegant as our minds want it to be. We have to consider all possibilities
@user-rh8hi4ph4b
@user-rh8hi4ph4b 5 лет назад
The universe isn't obliged to elegance and simplicity. There's nothing preventing "the true theory of everything" to be so complicated, that it would be impractical to write down on paper. Discussions and critique based on elegance and simplicity make no statements about truthfulness, unless you assume that the universe respects our taste and limitations.
@JorgetePanete
@JorgetePanete 5 лет назад
@@TheColemancreek its*
@JorgetePanete
@JorgetePanete 5 лет назад
@@TheColemancreek eternal distances? do you mean really large/infinite?
@cyclometre
@cyclometre 3 года назад
Absolutely love this site. I get to the end of each talk and feel that I know absolutely nothing, which apparently is the same as all the scientists who involve themselves in this study...this is very reassuring.
@cjcujo99a
@cjcujo99a 4 года назад
Nothing puts me asleep better than these lectures. Interesting yet lulling... 😉
@PaulPaulPaulson
@PaulPaulPaulson 5 лет назад
The celluar automata called "SmoothLife" produce some kinds of strings. I'm not saying it is connected, but i wanted to point out that string-like structures can emerge from a simpler underlying set of rules.
@yuryeuceda8590
@yuryeuceda8590 5 лет назад
Many scientists now are thinking that universe is probably a cellular automata and maybe that's the way
@drdca8263
@drdca8263 5 лет назад
SmoothLife is cool. Something I don't understand about it though, is why doesn't Noether's theorem imply a conservative of energy or momentum for it, and therefore prevent the thing where the structures can disappear? The physics for it seems to have time and space translation symmetry, so I'm confused.
@kellybrower7634
@kellybrower7634 5 лет назад
thank you for making a physics video with such graceful humility.
@jillwild23
@jillwild23 5 лет назад
Is there an order I should be watching these in? Man, I'm fascinated, but obviously missing stuff you reference from previous videos.
@Don2006
@Don2006 5 лет назад
Generally speaking, this channel does create multiple videos on certain topics and there is an order in which you should view them (see the channel playlists). But this video is the introduction to string theory, so if you're interested in string theory, this is the best place to start. BTW, it's normal to have to rewatch the video to fully understand. 😀
@truezulu
@truezulu 5 лет назад
That last comment, might just be the best comeback I ever heard. Very well done.
@DaveXXX
@DaveXXX 5 лет назад
String theory is just describing the fabrics of all the socks we've lost in the dryer, when they disappear they go out into the universe
@kenny5311
@kenny5311 5 лет назад
DaveXXX Was that meant to be funny? Why joke about such a serious topic?
@kenny5311
@kenny5311 5 лет назад
VanSlam Yes, it is offensive. Also, that joke is crude and disgusting..it's not funny to me
@DaveXXX
@DaveXXX 5 лет назад
@@kenny5311 yes it was a joke. it's a video about string theory, it's not like I'm making a joke about cancer or something. Lighten up man haha
@DaveXXX
@DaveXXX 5 лет назад
@@VanByyrg that guy is mad he never got his socks back
@DaveXXX
@DaveXXX 5 лет назад
@@kenny5311 dude... It's a joke about socks LOL
@NewMessage
@NewMessage 5 лет назад
What are the Strings in String Theory? Nouns, of course.
@-_Nuke_-
@-_Nuke_- 5 лет назад
Ill give you a sub for this!
@Smokecall
@Smokecall 5 лет назад
Pretty much what just happened. Theory of a medium in which calculations are based on. What the medium is made of is not known so just focus on the calculations. The other tragedy is that the dimensions brought up so often aren't broken down for newcomers either
@adb012
@adb012 5 лет назад
Actually, in "String Theory", "String" is acting as an adjective modifying the noun "Theory".
@whitenight941
@whitenight941 5 лет назад
New Message Life is a thread .
@leyawonder2306
@leyawonder2306 5 лет назад
I hope we can find a way to test the productions of the theory one day, many find it hard to believe because it's almost impossible to prove wrong without testing, it basically fixes it self when ever it's faced with an objection because you know, it can't be tested, but still it's one of the coolest physical theories
@DanTrue
@DanTrue 5 лет назад
If I understand this right, in M-Theory we can validate whether a parameter given configuration matches our observable world, but it is very hard to work backwards and find the parameter configuration that would result in our universe. So finding the correct parameter configuration of M-Theory is NP-Complete? Well, hello there complexity theory, my old friend.
@sidewinder814u
@sidewinder814u 5 лет назад
Just like they did with astrophysics, they didn't know of the Electric connection of the Universe.
@beri4138
@beri4138 3 года назад
Could we find the parameter configuration using quantum computing?
@DECEPTICONUK
@DECEPTICONUK 5 лет назад
Great video. You describe the subject brilliantly.
@raghu45
@raghu45 5 лет назад
Thanks Matt! Now I truly can make a layman (which I am) sense of the basics of the Strings of string theory. Sorry I can't contribute any knowledge but can surely follow what the string theorists have to and do say! BTW you have a very unique style, can I say, like an ad agency pro aiming to reach out to commoners to lend their attention 😄. Thanks again.
@TheMarrethiel
@TheMarrethiel 5 лет назад
I love watching this stuff, just in case I get sent back in time.
@Exist64
@Exist64 5 лет назад
I always get so tense and anticipating when he's about to say "space time" for the last time in a video
@owlredshift
@owlredshift 4 года назад
I thought I was alone in this
@yushatak
@yushatak 5 лет назад
In programming there's a really useful way to look at dimensionality with nested or "jagged" arrays which I figured others might find useful. A single variable would be a 0D point. We've got various types of lists/collections which are 1D, accessed by a single "index" number. Arrays are 2D, with an X and Y coordinate defining where to find an item in "grid" of W width and H height. To add dimensions, you simply take a regular array, but at each coordinate pair you store a list to get a 3D array, you access which list by X and Y, then which item in the list with Z. To get to 4D you put an array at each coordinate in the first array (XYZW), then 5D is an array of lists at each coordinate in the original array, and so on. It makes it much easier to conceptualize of more dimensions without getting into the geometry. This lets you focus on the way dimensionality works without worrying about how it "looks" - at least for me.
@DvDick
@DvDick 5 лет назад
I don't know if they are used in string theory, but in Relativity we use tensors to operate with the kind of objects you are describing. I only studied special relativity, so for now I only know rank 3 tensors (See the Levi-Civita tensor). They are basically a variable with as many indices as the the rank: by assigning an integer value to the indices, the variable gets a certain value which is defined by the tensor itself or by an operation between other tensors. An example would be the kronecker's Delta, which has 2 indices i and j: if i=j the delta is equal to 1, if not it's equal to 0
@jondreauxlaing
@jondreauxlaing 5 лет назад
Similarly, mathematics allows you to just keep adding spacial dimensions, regardless of one's ability to visualize it. To my knowledge this is done with matrix multiplication, which most programming languages have some sort of mechanism for calculating. The only thing is I'm not sure exactly how one would make a data structure that simulated the proposed "tiny dimensions" within the bigger 3. I guess that's a question for the mathematicians, haha. Topology is not my strong suit.
@alandouglas2789
@alandouglas2789 5 лет назад
Yushatak umm, no
@evilotis01
@evilotis01 5 лет назад
huh. that's a really interesting way to think about it. thanks for posting.
@n0handles
@n0handles 5 лет назад
I too have played around with the idea of multidimensional arrays. I found out that an array of any object can be made, so I started by making an array of one dimensional arrays. Then I started filling values and trying to manipulate them. Made an array of that very two-dimensional array. Then a three-dimensional array. Then a four-dimensional array. You can just keep adding brackets to seamlessly add dimensions. I've been wondering how it's being stored and handled in my computer, and how it would be spatially represented.
@DeGebraaideHaan
@DeGebraaideHaan 5 лет назад
I remember Brian Greene: He was always harping on the same two testable strings of the string theorist's bow: Super Symmetry and Extra Dimensions. Both seem very elusive. Which other parts of the math of ST could point to testable phenomena?
@Domispitaletti
@Domispitaletti 5 лет назад
Analysis of the gravitational waves proved that there are no "extra dimensions". They could not find supersymmetry predicted by String "theory" in the LHC. Now the string "theory" guys are claiming the levels of energy in the LHC is not enough and never will be... Basically what we have here is a "theory" that cant provide any evidence and its not testable. Its a scam and an academic job program.
@AliceTheSpider
@AliceTheSpider 5 лет назад
@@Domispitaletti gravitational waves did not discovered at LHC, and there are no bigger extra dimensions that gravity can leak to, results neither comfirm or deny string theory. Also its not a scam its just one of the considered models, which there are lots of different it is just very interesting because it fixes a lot of problems, unites matter, energy and forces as one fundamental thing and creates too many possibilities. It's not scam its just a model that can be wrong but people will try all possible models until they are proven impossible
@arielsproul8811
@arielsproul8811 5 лет назад
Relativity adds an extra dimension (time) so why can't theories of everything have their extra dimensions? they describe everything so they need more "space" to work with
@danieljensen2626
@danieljensen2626 5 лет назад
Basically there aren't any. My understanding is that so many possible variations of string theory exist that for any result of any experiment there would be an impossibly large number that are consistent with that result, even if the rest are ruled out. That said, I don't think they've proven that they can't fix that problem by taking things in a different direction. So maybe in the future there will be testable predictions. I definitely don't think we should try to ban string theory research or anything, but maybe we should limit the amount of resources going into it.
@thstroyur
@thstroyur 5 лет назад
@skywolf23 I don't quite think ST is that elegant - if it were just a humble GUT, maybe, but it pretends to be a TOE via "spin-2 = graviton", the old tired formula from the covariant camp. Not only this undermines the physical content of GR, it's subjectable to anecdotes, like MTW's remark that Fierz and Pauli discovered a spin-2 particle that obeys the EFE - too bad it goes in straight lines instead of curved ones
@hinkles73
@hinkles73 4 года назад
When you pulled up that picture of the Standard Model, you used a g for the electron when it should be an e, and also you got the symbols for the photon and gluon (Y and g, respectively) mixed up. It's just a mistake. I hope you fix that in later episodes.
@jorgeo6099
@jorgeo6099 4 года назад
I lost it at “As an added bonus, this ambition shaved off a bunch of dimensions, only 10 dimensions were needed” 😂😂
@Brianboy9494
@Brianboy9494 5 лет назад
Whoops, you have 3 electron neutrinos in your standard model chart. That's two too many.
@LuisAldamiz
@LuisAldamiz 5 лет назад
Good catch!
@Brianboy9494
@Brianboy9494 5 лет назад
Oh well, maybe those three neutrinos had oscillated just in the right way, so that they were all in their electron flavour eigenstate when the pic was made^^ :D
@LuisAldamiz
@LuisAldamiz 5 лет назад
I would have a hard time laughing at that joke a couple of days ago, Brian, but after learning some stuff on neutrino flavor oscillation the other day, it seems to me a very good joke, because... that's exactly what happens all the time, as weird as it may sound.
@Lakupeep
@Lakupeep 5 лет назад
Bravo, Brian.
@douglasmcneil8413
@douglasmcneil8413 5 лет назад
If you haven't yet, would like to hear you discuss the E8 theory.
@MrLordofrock
@MrLordofrock 5 лет назад
LOVE the idea of this string theory series! Aww yeah! Thanks for the 101, to clear up some stuff and relay plenty more information efficientally.
@ivanaameliabartolucci2779
@ivanaameliabartolucci2779 5 лет назад
Thank You so much! Your perspective allows to build a bridge between the Theories.
@irisallevi6414
@irisallevi6414 2 года назад
I've always had a question: The standard model is described by Quantum Field Theory where fields are the building blocks of our Universe. What happens to them in String Theory? If particles were excitations of quantum fields, where is the link with the string vibrational modes?
@SoulStar2332
@SoulStar2332 Год назад
I'm badly regurgitating Edward Witten, so take everything I'm saying with a grain of salt, but my understanding is that standard model calculations can work effectively if you're trying to describe a particular incident in a particle's existence, but that m theory describes the entirety of the related string's make up, thus describing the particle as it fluctuates through numerous different quantum events. So, you can map any point, like if a particle splits in 2, using standard particle theory, but string theory effectively describes how the particle will react in every scenario. I recommend getting it from the horse's mouth. He's arguably the smartest man on earth, and I'm def not...🤷‍♂️ ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-IE_8596AYsk.html
@Edruezzi
@Edruezzi 6 месяцев назад
You can't do physics with a dictionary.
@gordontubbs
@gordontubbs 5 лет назад
Matt, you explained this better than Michio Kaku.... well done!!!
@amcguigan2389
@amcguigan2389 7 месяцев назад
Agree. Matt is less animated and interesting yet also very professional and clear.
@emp9413
@emp9413 3 года назад
I understand about 50% but mind blown. Never could understand string theory tho fascinated. Love this channel amazing.
@jkg6211
@jkg6211 5 лет назад
"Knowing" something, and being able to explain it are 2 completely different things. This man stands as proof.
@donwald3436
@donwald3436 4 года назад
You can't explain nonsense, which is what string theory is.
@Brayn126
@Brayn126 4 года назад
@@donwald3436 If you are not a scientist, you come out as an idiot claiming string theory is a nonsense.
@stevenhatcher3046
@stevenhatcher3046 4 года назад
@@donwald3436 String Theory has already advanced physics in other areas. Even if it's wrong, it still has quite a bit of value. That's why physicists, even the ones who don't care for string theory, take it very seriously. Also, PBS wouldn't have made a video about "nonsense". People fear what they don't understand and a lot of amateur arm-chair physicists don't understand string theory. So they lash out against it. It's a pretty common response.
@bowlsallbroken
@bowlsallbroken 4 года назад
@@donwald3436 Dunning/Krueger
@donwald3436
@donwald3436 4 года назад
Steven Hatcher It’s nonsense.
@danielrhouck
@danielrhouck 5 лет назад
Whenever a host thanks 23andme, it sounds like they are thanking themselves and the number 23. I always have to think about it for half a second before I figure out they're talking about the genomics company.
@patavinity1262
@patavinity1262 5 лет назад
"This erases more questions than it answers"
@shaneschofield6303
@shaneschofield6303 5 лет назад
Paradoxical, like String Theory itself.
@tomrhodes1629
@tomrhodes1629 5 лет назад
Yep. For, as Max Planck knew, here's what science will find when it finally acknowledges "the bottom of the rabbit hole": EVERYTHING IS THOUGHT WITHIN A GREAT MIND. And the MATERIAL Universe of our LIMITED sense perceptions is NOT Reality, but is literally a VIRTUAL REALITY MATRIX. If you want to know WHY we are experiencing a limited and false (virtual) reality rather than Reality Itself, read my book "The Holy Grail is Found." There is no need for further mental masturbation.
@chrissonofpear3657
@chrissonofpear3657 5 лет назад
And which great mind invented stoning? Or was this a set of lesser minds and spirits?
@brokenwave6125
@brokenwave6125 5 лет назад
"Raises"
@TiagoTiagoT
@TiagoTiagoT 5 лет назад
I think he said "raises"...
@kobiromano6115
@kobiromano6115 5 лет назад
6:57 BOHARING! HA! This is my 3rd time watching this vid, I just got it.
@nickverbree
@nickverbree 4 года назад
I'm so very late to this video, but I'm so glad someone else got that and commented.
@juantorres27
@juantorres27 5 лет назад
Muy esclarecedor, mil gracias por este material.
@cosmicwakes6443
@cosmicwakes6443 5 лет назад
If a string produces massless particles , it, the string, then experiences no time evolution, so then how does it have a frequency, seeing as frequency is calculated with velocity?
@ZinebFakir
@ZinebFakir 5 лет назад
THIIIIIIS!
@miquelcolom7132
@miquelcolom7132 5 лет назад
Cosmological time? I don't know, but if they are made of space-time itself o something similar, this should not be a problem.
@arielsproul8811
@arielsproul8811 5 лет назад
strings? Time? we're talking about energy and distances that you encounter at the beginning of time or black holes but yeah that is a legitimate question might be that they exist outside of time
@volbla
@volbla 5 лет назад
Who says the vibrations have to propagate via time ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
@carloguerrero6583
@carloguerrero6583 5 лет назад
Please let them be a space-time wave. Please let them be a space-time wave. Preety pleaase.
@bennythejet5026
@bennythejet5026 4 года назад
When taking into account the conservation of mass, and mass coming from the length of the string does this mean there might be a constant length all these strings share between them?
@marcushendriksen8415
@marcushendriksen8415 4 года назад
Not necessarily. It also gets mass from its energy in the form of tension, so it could decrease if the length of the string increases (and vice-versa), keeping mass the same.
@devanwetenkamp4781
@devanwetenkamp4781 5 лет назад
I watch this show often but stuff gets way to over my head and I almost never finish the video. But I just go to the part where he talking about what strings are made of. That bit made me laugh out loud!
@PazuzuDarkVoid
@PazuzuDarkVoid 5 лет назад
I have been maniacally watching your videos in the last few days. Thank you and keep up the good work!
@mikicerise6250
@mikicerise6250 5 лет назад
I like string theory, although I can't help but wonder about the fundamental nature of the strings themselves if it is ultimately correct. What creates tension? I wonder if this theory could be used to try to create a new particle.
@dhruvildoshi3489
@dhruvildoshi3489 5 лет назад
Could you explain why do we need 9 dimensions for this theory to work And why does it fail in our normal 3+1dimensions And can the standard model be explained by string theory
@arielsproul8811
@arielsproul8811 5 лет назад
so the extra dimensions have something to do with simplicity in higher dimensions, and it becomes inconsistent in 3+1 The standard model probably will be described, but we need to solve it without the regular methods
@jondreauxlaing
@jondreauxlaing 5 лет назад
I think the extra dimensions are supposed to give extra freedom of movement for the strings to vibrate into. Just 3 spacial dimensions doesn't allow the necessary room to explain all of the particles we observe. That's my understanding anyway. The best analogy I could come up with is checkers. You can play checkers in 2D, except when you need to jump. To jump, you need an extra spacial dimension for the piece to jump into, otherwise you'd just bump into other pieces. Strings need the extra dimensions to vibrate in. I think M-theory is 10+1, 3 large spacial dimensions, 7 small ones, and 1 for time (I think).
@thstroyur
@thstroyur 5 лет назад
Boring-ass technical reasons, what else could it be? For the old bosonic theory, if you ever grab M. Kaku's _QFT - An Introduction_ , it's in eqs. 21.45 and 21.53: you only zero those expressions for D=26. From what I gather, they have to do with eliminating "ghosts" from the theory (which, from what I know from ordinary QFT, are fictitious particles with wrong statistics - say a spin-1 fermion): so if you want to use strings, either you use 26D or special relativity breaks down, or something...
@WanderingBackpacker
@WanderingBackpacker 5 лет назад
I thought it was 11
@thstroyur
@thstroyur 5 лет назад
@@WanderingBackpacker I said _old_ theory; rewatch the video
@7Alberto7
@7Alberto7 5 лет назад
Amazing stuff i love this topic
@user-pq1pc7kv3f
@user-pq1pc7kv3f 2 года назад
ShutUpAndCalculateonium had me cracking up. lol
@evgenyyastremsky6818
@evgenyyastremsky6818 5 лет назад
Isn't ShutUpAndCalculateonium is the true 42nd element?
@adolfodef
@adolfodef 5 лет назад
Yes. But you have to count from the other side (starting from the super unstable mega-heavy element that can only exist for exactly two atomic nucleous vibration).
@evgenyyastremsky6818
@evgenyyastremsky6818 5 лет назад
@@adolfodef Ahh, right, a rookie mistake really!
@dsnodgrass4843
@dsnodgrass4843 5 лет назад
I thought that was "Unobtainium"...
@shyamtripathi6817
@shyamtripathi6817 5 лет назад
How can it have an atomic mass of 104
@36013luke
@36013luke 5 лет назад
It does. trust me. I counted
@kingkiller1451
@kingkiller1451 5 лет назад
On the topic of what strings are made of; I don't know whether these strings actually exist, or whether they are fundamental or not. However on that topic I wanted to say that I ascribe to the belief that when you reach the actual fundamental level of something such as strings if they are the fundamental "thing" stuff is made from, that questions like "why" or "what are they made of" are questions that no longer make sense as they imply a deeper level. Maybe your understanding differs but I don't believe something is actually fundamental if a deeper level exists, the lack of a "why" or "made of" is what makes it fundamental. So to me asking what a "fundamental" existence is made of is so far from making sense as a question that I can't even come up with a comparison.
@docgenius42archergames31
@docgenius42archergames31 5 лет назад
thx for figuring out a way to formulate this. i agree.
@nicolaiveliki1409
@nicolaiveliki1409 5 лет назад
Maybe we should call them Axomeres
@JonathanMarocco
@JonathanMarocco 5 лет назад
weren't atoms once thought as indivisible and fundamental? Took a few centuries but we figured out "what" and "why" . Maybe we should be keep asking.
@bopyourhead9584
@bopyourhead9584 5 лет назад
The plenum of reality may be fractal, indeed beyond the cosmological scale could also be fractal, the speed of light in any one fractal formed reality would be the same as photons would exist at the same scale as all other particles.
@ConnorwithanO
@ConnorwithanO 5 лет назад
"What came before time?" is the comparison you're looking for.
@yorkerold
@yorkerold 4 года назад
This is the greatest diss on string theory so far.
@nyk7979
@nyk7979 4 года назад
Thank you for that explanation. I think here I see a question. Which came first, the fundamental building blocks and forces of the universe or the string? It seems easy to see the strings just as it seems easy to hear sounds. We can count measures and bars just like we can count protons electrons. Another note of interest(see what i did there?). Aren't we forgetting the 0th dimension? The lowly point can have properties too.
@XrollhaX
@XrollhaX 5 лет назад
By the end I expected you had made your point, but it turns out it was a 1d circle.
@Antenox
@Antenox 5 лет назад
You're gonna be stringing us along for the entirety of this series until it patience hangs by a thread, aren't you?
@TheCimbrianBull
@TheCimbrianBull 5 лет назад
There are no strings attached, though! 😜
@camilohiche4475
@camilohiche4475 4 года назад
This guy knows and understands everything.
@thewhizkid3937
@thewhizkid3937 4 года назад
Hyperspace. That is some cool stuff 👍🏿
@CrazyHarshHere
@CrazyHarshHere 5 лет назад
strings , it should be callled vibes
@tatjanagobold2810
@tatjanagobold2810 5 лет назад
Vibe theory? Sounds to millenial
@HauntaskhanHYPNOSIS
@HauntaskhanHYPNOSIS 5 лет назад
In string theory, vibes send you!
@LuisAldamiz
@LuisAldamiz 5 лет назад
I like the idea. What are the made of? Empty space! What do they vibrate in? The very curvature of space and time! Let's go all relativistic, not just string theory is a fail (so far it is, increasingly so) but QM is arrogant and annoying with their "shutupandcalculatium" thingy. It's probably all explainable in terms of vibes in space-time...
@brendarua01
@brendarua01 5 лет назад
Do they come with batteries?
@jamesmnguyen
@jamesmnguyen 5 лет назад
So that's how Vibe's powers work.
@randomguy263
@randomguy263 5 лет назад
0:57 I think there's something wrong with the leptons, the gluon and photon seem to have switched place, too.
@richarddeese1991
@richarddeese1991 5 лет назад
Nice catch! Most of us were too busy listening to actually look at the chart! Rikki Tikki.
@ShrimplyPibblesJr
@ShrimplyPibblesJr 4 года назад
It's remarkable how many of your animations look like a DMT trip.
@austinharding9734
@austinharding9734 5 лет назад
PBS Space Time The gig is up! You've given yourself away! I haven't seen all your videos so im sure youve already pointed it out, but as soon as you said ZED Dimension i was like Aw! For all reading this can i ask you to give 3 cheers for our Canadian friends to the north, whose contributions to the progress of our species, from there critical involvement and indispensable aid in WW2 and D-Day, to these videos being produced have been, in my mind, vastly underrated and underappreciated, and are overdue for the recognition they've deserved, and time for the U.S to stop hogging the spotlight on the world stage and start acknowledging their achievements, in everything from the most successful universal healthcare than any other country, to being the inspiration for Terrance & Phillip
@Smerpyderp
@Smerpyderp 5 лет назад
Random question. If time goes infinitely slowly at a black holes event horizon, would that mean that time would pass infinitely quickly at a white holes horizon?
@josephrittenhouse5839
@josephrittenhouse5839 5 лет назад
You should do an episode on 1/137 (alpha).
@dinosaurplayer1276
@dinosaurplayer1276 5 лет назад
Where might one go to post a scientific paper concerning the theory of everything? Always wondered... It could be the great breakthrough idea/theory already exists... in someone's head right now... Love PBS Space Time - Watch it every day even repeats.
@hexagonist23
@hexagonist23 Год назад
You can post it on Facebook
@patrickfreeman4179
@patrickfreeman4179 5 лет назад
I really enjoy the videos and information. If I may make a suggestion? You have very sharp “S’s”....I’d suggest having your sound engineer add a “De-esser” to soften your sharp s’s.
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