What Does An Electron Look Like When You Rotate It? 

Thanks to @lloydwatts60 for the design idea for the gears! Checkout his video with a wooden version and more insight into spin 1/2 (link in description)

Electron spin be like: Imagine a ball and it’s rotating except it’s not a ball and it’s not rotating

The thing of the belt actually caught me completely off guard!

The Stern-Gerlach-Experiment is my favourite physics experiment 😅 It was conducted by 2 germans in 1922 (Stern and Gerlach). They were actually about to give up the experiment, but then the Reichsbahn (german railway) cancelled their drive home from Frankfurt, so they gave it another shot at night. It was later found out that the experiment only worked because they smoked heavily inside the laboratory, which would be insane nowadays 😂 The smoke caused the screen to make the 2 dots visible.

This is my favorite action lab video. I have been thinking about electron spin for sometime now and have been showing my kids a slightly different version of 720° rotation using a plate that I hold in my hand. I rotate the plate palm up two full turns without dropping it and without twisting my arm off. The kids find it fascinating that one can do that kind of rotation.

It feels like the electron spin have some similarities to a *Mobius Strip* where you also need to complete 2 full "rotations" of the strip to return to the same side at the original position.

Man electrons are like the USB port You put it straight don't fit flip it don't fit flip it again don't fit flip it again fits

Kudos to the people who walked around electrons to tell us about this.

They are entertaining and educational at the same time...

Just plain awesome. As a fairly advanced scientist of 30+ years, I still always learn something refreshingly new and confounding from your videos. I love every one of them and your enthusiasm to match. I have no doubt you'll be making these for a long time to come. Thank you!... for serving us all.

Amazing expression!

The Belt trick is amazing like all of your explanations ❤

You make physics much more simple with easy world visuals. Thank you.

Always making amazing content.

Basically he's NileRed but it's more physics. His voice is also extremely similar to NileRed and Brandon Farris.

Thank you so much ! After many years looking for a way of understanding spin it is the first time I do. Not even in my native language.

That was a very well hidden jumpcut at 1:00! The talking over hides it so well

The first rotation was flawless but I saw slightly in the second one. Clever cinematography. I love how you always throw a trick in there or two. 😁

3:45 It helps to say if you twist the belt 720 degrees clockwise you have to go under the book clockwise as well.

The way you describe this is as if it's a real physical feature of the universe. Viewers should know - it's not. It's another workaround devised by theoretical magicians to get the data to make sense. That's quantum mechanics in a nutshell. It's a very accurate tool.

You would think if you have to spin an electron twice to get back to the initial state that just maybe 360 degrees for you and 360 degrees for the electron are not the same. Perhaps there are more or less dimensions that an electron interacts with and that is the cause of the strangeness. As in it would take an electron longer to rotate through 4 dimensions, versus your 3.

This was extremely interesting even tough I would love to have mote insight and background to better understand it

I love this channel... one of my best subscriptions by far!

These videos are always enlightening, but this one actually blew my mind at every turn! Very solid demonstrations and great editing. This is the kind of content I subscribed for.

So nice to see and understand concepts about electrons.🙏😊

1:09 was a jumpcut, but it was so seamless, I hardly noticed I wish video games loaded cutscenes and new maps like that

A pretty good description of something that is more or less impossible to describe.

That cube animation, wow -))

To get the point you can play the "Antichamber" - a short (relatively) indie puzzle game . It has a lot of wierd perspective, spacial, non-flat topology stuff and etc. like impossible rooms and geometry.

Many times when I watch this channel, I feel I just watched some magic illusion. Amazing!

Did a 360 in my room. Interior changed.

So... Nobody's gonna appreciate his video editing skills?

As usual the video is great! But the sponsor for this video has had a lot of controversies and scandals attatched to it. I hope you have looked at their background before telling your audience about them. Otherwise a great video!

I love this explanation on electron rotation topic

Action Lab: Grabs belt. Me: *Breathing intensifies*

Excellent video as always. I learn a lot from this channel. Thanks and kudos to you.

Very good illustrations. Thanks!

After seeing the belt trick, this may explain how easy a slinky can be tangled and now we have a way to undo what seams impossible with a double overlap. To the stairs.

I swear, I never watched a better video explaining the behaviour of electrons

Thanks! next time I happen go around an electron I'll keep this in mind

My brain exploded with madness when I saw the belt illustrations. And that's not even me exaggerating. Right on!!!

Nice…. Truly creative ways of demonstrating the difficult to demonstrate

Can you really walk around an electron if electrons don't ever sit still? 8:22 Can you show a drawing or animation about rotating apparatus and observing the wave function change?

Analogies for understanding electrons have three things in common: they are helpful to a degree, they conflict with each other, and are fundamentally wrong. So far the only accurate description is from QFT, which is just math, and sadly doesn't easily whisper any intuitive understanding.

Those are some clean jump cuts. Bravo!

Belt twist untwist is so cool!! And I understood it!! (May try it myself tonight!!)

If there was any other classical example that described electron angular momentum better than the word “spin”, we would probably use that and call it something other than “spin”. But calling it “spin” is still close enough to what’s going on that we use it. But just keep in mind, it’s VERY different than just the idea that the electron is spinning.

you: what happens when you spin electrons me: electricity

Best visual assumption of electron spin on the Internet.

That belt trick was quite the twist!

I love that you mentioned the The Stern-Gerlach experiment, and your insightful question and answers at the end! They were perfect follow up questions! Please continue to add questions and answers that reveal a deeper understanding to all your videos!❤❤❤👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽

I enjoyed the editing SO MUCH!!!

8:49 wow this is relativity all over again I love it!

the reason is perfect time stopping and smartness and timed talking. thats the trick breh

I got so perplexed by your belt trick that I had to then call one of those Better Help therapists to bring me back to sanity.

Very cool visual example

A four-cycle engines valve timing does the same thing. Just like the four-cycle engine, the electron absorbs & releases engery from unseen particle-flow. The spin of an electron may be caused from smaller orbiting-particle systems moving around and into & out of the electron. It's always been my belief that orbiting-particle system's make up all matter, as well as all empty space, no exception to the rule. Thank you very much for this video!

0:52 & 1:30 - WITCH! 3:06 - There's no better use for an O-Chem book than to weigh down something. Good use!

By far, without a doubt, the best entry-level educational channel on RU-vid.

For anyone who wants a clarification: When you turn around the electron by 360⁰ you add something to the wavefunction that will not affect any measurement, so you will measure everything the same (for example: the spin direction, position, etc), meaning you actually CANNOT tell the difference by any means. But, if you take an electron in a superposition of two states, and rotate it by 360⁰ only in one of them, only then could you actually measure it and see it affecting measurements.

PSA: Be VERY wary of BetterHealth's Terms of "Service" They explicitly state they are *not* beholden to ensure you are matched with any form of professional, and essentially leave the responsibility of vetting your 'therapist' yourself. Pewdiepie did a reasonably good job exposing this almost 3 years ago. At a glance, when I revisited it, it would seem very little has changed since. You will find it nearly impossible to get a refund, and they charge you four weeks up front despite advertising the weekly rate. Some *may* get results, but you should be aware of what you're walking into. End of PSA But if you ask me, this puts my scam meter in the orange. It ain't a Bavarian-prince-email-Red, but it's close. Feels awfully predatory to "target mental illness" for profit like this without vetting your resources.

Teacher's everywhere should take a dozen courses from you on how to make learning fun and amazing

the level of the topics is getting deeper and more interesting every time

Wow that is so amazing

Enjoyed the geared electron models, thanks. Individual full-rotation handle cycles compare closest to interactions with single photon wave cycles. What electrons do while they're occupying orbitals is not detectable. One could say orbitals (stable electron states) are compact quantum event horizons and when an electron is induced to jump between a hierarchy of event horizons with different allowed energies it has to do a relatively large and exposed re-adjustment cycle whereby a photon is emitted or absorbed. To emit and reabsorb an identical photon, while potentially avoiding detection of any jumps between states, a quick sequence of two exposed electron pirouettes is called for, two exposed electron cycles to return to the same state. A photon is basically created in the image of an exposed electron dancing probably only once around an atom, an image with a definite direction. My 2 cents there, anyway. Vacuum-energy and electron mass inertia collectively assure photon leading and trailing edge overshoot/damping, I suppose. I sincerely believe interested people could do a whole lot worse getting their information elsewhere.

book and belt trick blew my mind.

I find it really cool that you're doing mental health sponsors in a science channel, keep up the great work!

Wouldn't this indicate that there is an absolute orientation of space itself? Like the book with the belt closed in it. You move. The belt moves. The book stays the same. Therefore, only two states for particles, because they are embedded in something which maintains its orientation and has absolute position and absolute direction and therefore gives absolute vector velocity (not everything is relative).

That was impressive as always. Thank u

Not gonna lie this is way better than sitting in your classroom 😂😂

You are simply fantastic ! Thanks a lot for all the extremely creative videos you make.

This is the best video so far explaining electron spin

those animations blew my mind

Amaizing explaination bro.

Going under the book is also making the ends of the belt to twist

Now I am confused. The two spatial rotations required to return the electron to its original state, is to be expected in the first place, is it not ? The axis of the spin of an electron is not merely a spatial axis. The axis also extends across a certain measure of the dimension of time. So with this being a 4 dimension spin, one clearly expects exactly what you observe from a mere 3D perspective.

This was one of you more complicated videos (for me as a layman) but with some background on magnetism (and the link with unpaired electrons in orbitals) the video is definitely comprehensible.

Cool vid! Sponsor ads should be at the start or end of the content to prevent interference or distraction in learning interesting advanced physics ideas. Thanks for your attention.

Sir thanks for making this channel.

Dude just blew my mind! 4:45

Your videos are soooo awesome.......and really useful ..thank you sooo much for your videos we all love u alot..😊😊😊🥰🤩

This is also called the Dirac belt trick. This Is a really nice demonstration!!

That belt trick - it's the guitar strap puzzle that players struggle with at every gig!

Belt trick is insane. This man always gives the fact.

Think of it as a ball on a whirlpool. Once around and through, it would flip. Stuck under the water now the whirlpool point is "up". Once around and through corrects the orientation. Better yet, imagine doing a lap on a mobious strip. 1 lap places you in the same spot, or position, but flipped upsidedown. It takes 2 laps to get to the starting position and orientation. An Electron is just an eddy current at relativistic speed and size. Very compact in 3D space. Time adds the wobble as it moves across the ether in compression. This also explains spooky action and Quantum hopping. Imagine looking at the edge of a river, a slow deep part. Tiny whirlpools pop in and out of existence relative to us. It disappears but the energy is just spread out, but is still there and manifests in another location once it finds equilibrium. Sorry, I think I finally understand Quantum spin. It's easy to visualize and I'll bet everything fits. Feel free to say why not, but atoms are whirlpools, eddy currents in space. Think about the flow of space as pushing through a Mandelbrot fractal. The loops on the edge create eddy currents as space energy compacts in these spaces. Nothing lost, no friction, but less space to contain the energy. Except that curl isn't the size of the actual hole, you need to start zooming in by orders of magnitude and think about how much faster you move relative to what was the starting point. The energy of an atom bomb, vibrating at the speed of light, in stability....relative stability. We exist on the surface of the water. The very center of space. We are the center. Look down the whirlpool at the point, it is an atom spinning very fast. Now look up. Everything is spinning so slow, but same patterns. Now look across...everything is still. Existence can be observed and interacted with. We exist because of too much matter in too little space, and everything seeking equilibrium. Whirlpools of compressed matter. We exist in a "Lagrange" point of space as a whole. Observing particle spin is like sticking your finger in the whirlpool to see how it feels. It slows things slightly. Enough to collapse them. Seems legit. Thanks.

I think that was a splendid explanation. Thanks for putting this on here.

The t-shirt you wear being on point with the subject, love the details you put in your videos !

This used to bugged me in High School. Thanks for the explaination.

Here's something I wish someone told me when I first learned about spinors: _Spinors are not physical objects that have an orientation in geometric space._ You can stop trying to think of how an object could have this 720° symmetry, an object can't. Spinors are not physical objects. They are mathematical objects. In fact they are transformations, specifically rotations that preserve a sense of orientation. The "space" they live in, where you rotate them 720°, is their _parameter space,_ not the geometric space in which you and I live. Actually performing the transformation on any physical object will give you the usual 360° symmetry; only the numbers in the parameter space can tell the difference.

3:00 He showed us the most op legendary dads weapon

This guy is so informative

Genius as always

thx m8... great information!!!

That same Technic is used in Tank Turrets. That's how the turret can rotate a full 360 degrees and and the wiring doesn't get wrapped up

Wow! This is amazing physics!

This was lovely

Me: *gets an F* My scientific dad: 2:54

So, it is static 360, dynamic 360, so combo it is 720, so require two 360 since one is in 360 so need double 360 to get back to 360, so the ratio of 1/2, which is 2 is 720 and 1 is 360, so need 2/2 to equal 1. The itself that is static is 360 is a circle represent straight in motion, and itself is dynamic is itself is in motion that is a 2 wave up and 2 wave down, so both waves are out of phase horizontally. 2 wave is 180 degrees horizontally than itself the point. As a whole, it is a spiral. The easy to understand is based on the first part that is a ball that you go around 360 and the ball change from + to -, so + is the wave function so 180 degrees up and 180 degrees down, up wave function and down wave function, that is logical base on electrons motion to cause current to happen from inward to outward, into negative resistance to positive resistance, to lower pressure to higher pressure, so it is connected to pure energy at the lowest level to pure energy that is in resistance at the highest level, so low density to high density. Everything is about motion since without motion you have nothing, with motion you have something even the existence of static which is the ball that has + and -, so it must be up and down that is the wave function. So, that is what disappears to appear, the virtual proton or virtual electrons, the cloud which you don't know what location where they are appears but ya know the section of location relative to the center that is the dot to the edge. The resistance is trapped volt which is not moving horizontally but inward to outward. So, there are three motions of a whole that is horizontally forward, horizontally up (vertical), and depth (the mass itself goes down vertical that is inward and outward). So, essentially losing weight of mass to gain weight of the mass. Depth is vertical of mass itself. There are two POV verticals since up and down, left and right, can be the same but different POV. Same with horizontal, well, to be accurate all things are one the dot, so horizontal, vertical, and depth is the direction of the position, the coordination. Mass is relative coordination to other relative coordination and in between the maSs is the space. To make it clear: horizontally, the ball goes straight but also it goes up and down the horizontally up and down, so that is vertical, and also the static mass goes inward and outward to disappear to appear, to weigh less to weight, so same as in other videos when you spin the mass get light but there is also a barrier of within the dot to push out the mass outward, you spin the wheel and the wheel goes leftward so there is a pressure to leftward or in this case the static mass that is outward, so there is left-, right-, in-, and outward, so it is a different motion. So, same principle, the spin of electrons cause outward pressure, well, to be accurate, radial outward pressure that is mass itself and the mass is in motion that is straight and up and down based on pressure like the pressure to the wheel, which the wheel is the mass and the pressure is the human or device that cause the mass itself to spin, so mass causing feedback to another mass. So, there is radical inward to radical outward that is pressure impact and pressure non-impact, so section of a pressure. Well, you press the skin and release the pressure on the skin, the skin goes down and outward, so inward and outward that is pressure up and down, same as electrons that is inward and outward to weightless to weight, so the energy is the pressure for depth and the mass pressure is for left and right, on the mass plane, the secondary plane relative to a primary plane that is Aether. Aether is the pressure to the electrons to make it disappear to appear in the section. Ok, the secondary plane pressure is coordination that we see that is north, south, east, and west, but the primary plane pressure is inward and outward. So, what we see is the edge of mass that is a pressure of outward so the tanget to the dot, so between the dot to tanget is the pressure field so the wave function which change negative to positive, so that is outward and inward, same on a meter for - and +, the line in between - and +, so + we see, and - we don't, so electrons is what don't see so it disappears then appears. So, limited visual understanding that is electrons in wave function and horizontal motion to cause as a whole is spiral, right, so also, it is mass spiral, but also aether spiral that is inward and outward in motion like you spin the wheel so you go around and the wheel go around with you, but the wheel is going around also, so there are three around. Horizontal, vertical, and depth. So, triple 360 is 1080 in total, so one extra 360 for inward and outward. Well, might be adding too much, but it is the understanding of how reality work.

BRUH THOSE BELT ANIMATIONS MY BRAIN

The Action Lab new TV show: James is SAVED by the Belt