What is Custodian ? how custodian works? what are the roles and responsibilities of custodians? 

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In the world of finance, a custodian plays a crucial role in safeguarding assets and ensuring the smooth operation of financial transactions. But what exactly is a custodian, and how do they work?
What is a Custodian?
A custodian is a financial institution, such as a bank or a specialized custodial services provider, responsible for holding and safeguarding financial assets on behalf of their clients. These assets can include securities, cash, real estate titles, and other valuable investments.
How Custodians Work:
Custodians work by securely storing clients' assets, executing trades on their behalf, and providing various administrative services related to asset management. They act as trusted intermediaries between investors and the financial markets, ensuring the integrity and safety of clients' holdings.
Roles and Responsibilities of Custodians:
Safekeeping of Assets: Custodians are responsible for physically holding and safeguarding clients' assets in secure custody accounts.
Settlement of Trades: Custodians facilitate the settlement of trades by ensuring timely and accurate transfer of securities and funds between buyers and sellers.
Asset Administration: Custodians handle administrative tasks such as corporate actions (e.g., dividends, stock splits), proxy voting, and regulatory compliance on behalf of their clients.
Reporting and Record-Keeping: Custodians provide regular reports and statements to clients, detailing their holdings, transactions, and portfolio performance.
Asset Servicing: Custodians may offer additional services such as income collection, tax reporting, and performance measurement to support their clients' investment objectives.
Risk Management: Custodians implement robust risk management practices to mitigate operational, financial, and cybersecurity risks associated with asset custody and management.