The Constitution of the Athenians, also known as the Athenian Constitution, remains the first known written constitution in human history. It was established around 508-507 BCE by Cleisthenes in Athens, Greece. This document outlined the governmental structure of Athens and introduced democratic principles such as the assembly, the council of 500 (Boule), and the courts. While the Constitution of Medina is significant in its own right, particularly for its role in early Islamic history, it was established much later, in 622 CE, making the Athenian Constitution the first known written constitution.
Wonderful video. Really shows peak scholarship. This should be viewed as evidence to hadith and Quran, not as authoritative with them. The Prophet SAW could have changed many agreements as more people turned to Islam
When is the first reference to this document? Is it from ibn Hisham circa 833? Was it signed by the Jews. Were Jews living in Medina then? How does it relate to the terrible things said about the Jews in the Koran and Hadith? Do we have the original? Does it appear in Jewish historical literature?
What "terrible things" are said about Jews in the Qur'an and Hadith? I disagree completely with the premise of your question. Jews have lived in all parts of the Muslim world, with a measure of freedom far greater than that in Christendom, until after the secularization of the West. That alone speaks to the authenticity of this Covenant.
Man, you just showed your bias and lack of knowledge. Here is a summary on God's view on Jew in the Quran: "If you revert [to your covenant], We revert [to rewarding you]"
