Which Nerve Agent is the Most Evil?

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Nerve agents are completely terrifying - in this episode I discuss the different classes of nerve agents, and we determine which ones are the most EVIL.
Exposure to nerve agents is usually treated with atropine and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM chloride).
Nerve agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine. Some nerve agents covalently bind to the enzyme, and can damage the active site of the enzyme, so the acetylcholine builds up, the signal keeps sending, and the motor neurons keep firing. The G series and V series of nerve agents were mass produced, weaponized agents, while the EA series, A series, and others are not known to be mass produced or weaponized.
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References:
(Graphic) Rabbits exposed to nerve agents - • US Army Nerve Agent We...
Scary book - Jared Ledgard, A Laboratory History of Chemical Warfare Agents - (the link to this book was deactivated; perhaps the uploader had violated the hosting site's TOS - its ISBN-13 number is‎ 978-0615136455)
Methyl cyclosarin treatment patent - patents.google.com/patent/US1...
Earliest Methyl cyclosarin reference - sci-hub.se/10.1007/BF00354767
Previous Tierlist - • 'Fukinone' got this ti...
Hydrolysis of VX/EA-2192 - doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107933
VR 'first Novichok' - cen.acs.org/articles/96/i12/N...
SL-599 (SB-8) paper - pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01...
Perfect 10 patent - patents.google.com/patent/US4...
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Molecules for this tierlist - Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB), Chlorosarin, Thiosarin (GBS), Soman (GD), Cyclosarin (GF), Methyl cyclosarin (EA-1356), VX, EA-2192, Russian VX (VR), Chinese VX, V-sub x, A-230, A-234, A-242, C01-A039, C01-A042, Neostigmine, TMTFA, TL-599 (SB-8), T-1123, T-1152, 4-692-530-01, 4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10), 4-686-293-02 (Agent 1-8)
Tierlist Playlist - • Chemistry Tierlists

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18 окт 2022

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Комментарии : 4,3 тыс.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Nerve agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine. Some nerve agents covalently bind to the enzyme, and can damage the active site of the enzyme, so the acetylcholine builds up, the signal keeps sending, and the motor neurons keep firing. The G series and V series of nerve agents were mass produced, weaponized agents, while the EA series, A series, and others are not known to be mass produced or weaponized. Exposure to nerve agents is usually treated with atropine and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM chloride).

@derrickhageman1969 Год назад

fun fact: Every single pesticide in use are nerve agents more specifically nerve inhibitors

@OpossumSupremacist Год назад

@@derrickhageman1969 while true, things like Carbamates are relatively weak NAs, they aren't NEAR the potency of classical NA chemical warfare agents. And outta the 260 some publicly known NAs he had to narrow it down somehow

@databang Год назад

( •̀ᴗ•́ )و ̑̑ A perfect brainstorm list for the wonnabe punk band, or for the maniacal prankster with an itchy finger and label maker.

@derrickhageman1969 Год назад

@@OpossumSupremacist Yep pesticides are weak to people but not insects but the one thing I realized while watching this video is chemistry is one scary profession ngl moving nerve agents aside their is other chemical compounds and elements that can seriously injure you or kill you in a few drops or grams

@stephenjacks8196 Год назад

Aircraft hydraulic fluid is TriButylPhosphate.

@garywray7998 Год назад

I knew I’d be traumatized when I saw that Sarin was only in D tier

@puertoricanpapi1356 Год назад

Can I give you some sarin.

@toxicity6629 Год назад

Same I low key got mad

@toxicity6629 Год назад

@@puertoricanpapi1356 I’ll take a container

@puertoricanpapi1356 Год назад

@@toxicity6629 sorry I don’t think your kind would know what to do with it. Probably just end up polluting the whole hood further.

@Lemon_Sage9999 Год назад

@@toxicity6629 everyone knows that the guy named "toxicity" is all about sketchy purchases

@martijndevries8074 Год назад

It is an honor to be on a watch list with you all!

@blacklight4720 Год назад

lol

@panywally3172 Год назад

Likewise

@Gucici_yt Год назад

Clicked on this video to find this comment😂

@KajiinSkyrim Год назад

well, i didn't actually search for this, i don't think youtube algorithm makes you subject to being on a watchist, at least in europe hahahaha

@ryanc1045 Год назад

Likewise

@ajm5007 Год назад

Not nearly as extreme as the nerve agent testing, but in the late 90s, I was in the Marine Corps and "volunteered" for a sleep deprivation experiment. A substantial number of minor injuries occurred, and those who made it to the end were largely experiencing delusions, mood disorders, and outright hallucinations. Some (like me) recovered relatively quickly after returning to normal sleep patterns, but some needed months of therapy to resolve sleep and mood disorders they'd developed (and probably still have lingering symptoms). It was a nightmare. But you got paid a lot more AND you got as long as you needed to recover afterward.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Interesting

@DaveSmith-cp5kj Год назад

I'm surprised they did that experiment when the symptoms of sleep deprivation were long established by the 90s. I wonder if they were actually testing some other behavioral aspect but of course didn't want to cause a placebo by informing you.

@MegaBlair007 Год назад

holy shit the sleep experiments are real

@Orphican Год назад

Dude thank you for your service and your sacrifice. I hope they got some useful data.

@Sober_Alcoholic Год назад

The thing's us military folk will do for some extra money and extra time off..

@patches.742 Год назад

Hearing that one of these compounds is lethal at the femto molar level left me mouth agape and sent shivers down my spine, absolutely insane

@Volvith Год назад

That was 4 decades ago as well. _I really don't like this video. :)_

@CaptainNorris Год назад

Well actually its not. If one reads the papers carefully, this claim collapses down to a very unimportant kinetic finding. There is one kinetic constant, which turns out to be femtomolar if you do lots of math to isolate it from the complex mechanism, but the IC50 is micromolar, so this is a weak agent. But the quotes on wikipedia got mangled and on the first glance, one might think, its super potent. Its not even a chemical warfare agent and has never been considered to be a candidate.

@sharcc2511 Год назад

@@Volvith I know right, same feeling as when I heard about the CIA and their FULLY FUNCTIONING HEART-ATTACK GUN. which was made back in like, the fucking 1970s. Because 1- After you realize how many notable people have died to heart attacks over the years of seemingly natural causes, this really can make you wonder. And 2 (More relavent to this) If they had a wholly traceless, nearly silent gun which made people die of seemingly natural causes all the way back in the 70s, imagine what they can do today with their current budget and scale.

@Skoopyghost 5 месяцев назад

I had friends overdosing from Oxy, and ETC. It sounds a lot like dying from a nerve agent.

@tf2scoutpunch175 2 месяца назад

@@Volvithsoy

@geldundkokaine2569 Год назад

You're not a real chemist if your home products aren't even on this leaderboard

@That_Chemist Год назад

👀👀👀

@LogieD223 Год назад

The US government would like to know your location

@minusstage3 Год назад

@@LogieD223 trust me they already have us all on it!

@LogieD223 Год назад

@@minusstage3 Ain't that the truth lol

@samblackstone3400 Год назад

What’s horrifying about that is some of these do not look hard to synthesize.

@petermaddin5611 Год назад

I am impressed that you had the nerve to do this

@That_Chemist Год назад

🗞️🗞️🗞️

@1.4142 Год назад

His FBI agent is watching him closely now

@petermaddin5611 Год назад

he might be raided anytime now.

@danquaylesitsspeltpotatoe8307 Год назад

@@That_Chemist So by evil you mean effective?

@a_Minion_of_Soros Год назад

Have a like and go away...

@Kitty12476 Год назад

The really scary part about this is that these are ALL incredibly simple molecules. Im an organic chemistry student on my third year of Ochem and I'm trained to look at molecular structures and imagine the potential synthesis pathways. The first thing that came to mind when I saw these was that I could synthesize these compounds with relative ease and using common precursors, which is really really really scary. 😭 As we push for a more educated societal standard, i wonder how many horrible people in the future will come up with the bright idea to utilize chemical weaponry

@That_Chemist Год назад

Safely making these sorts of things would be really challenging, so the risk is minimized due to the exposure of the chemist to the nefarious agents

@justalurker3489 Год назад

If it helps a lot of these are redundant from a weaponry point of view. VX has been around since the 50s and Edgewood mass produced enough to wipe out cities, once you have something that deadly it doesn't make a practical difference if the newer compound is more toxic, a tiny amount can already kill you and there's already a lot of it ready to be deployed, unless you're looking for something niche (as in not a WMD) there's no reason to make something worse unless you can't make VX.

@DrDipsh1t Год назад

@@justalurker3489that's the way I look at it: you can only get so efficient at killing things lol.

@DaveSmith-cp5kj Год назад

@@DrDipsh1t Not to mention higher lethality is a double edged sword as it makes it harder to handle. More terrorists have been killed by exposure to their own NBC agent than the victims they have claimed.

@LDamourjr Год назад

As a member of a domestic WMD response team the majority of our monthly real world simulated trainings are orchestrated as 1st or 2nd year chem students whom elected to challenge their recently discovered knowledge by attempting to manufacture some of these agents without concern for the ramifications.

@mattm1646 Год назад

I still remember our NAAK (nerve agent antidote kit)training in Army BCT. It honestly was the most terrfying part, not because it was dangerous at all but just learning about Nerve agents and how quickly they could get ya with very little warning. We had to memorize all the symptoms. Sudden headache Unexplained runny nose Burning eyes Etc.

@toxichank6960 Год назад

SLUDGM. That's what I learned at Anniston HAZMAT Tech training. We practiced test kits in hot cells, I believe with Sarin. Very interesting.

@williamkowalchik572 Год назад

That describes my cooking. 😆 lol. This stuff is not to messed around with. WW1 showed how easy it was it poison yourself with it.

@GetTheFO Год назад

@@toxichank6960 I ended up with the opportunity to test in hot cells with VX. Incredibly un-nerving experience. Cool, but fuck that. I’d rather go back to my Stryker and collect ground samples lmao

@toxichank6960 Год назад

@@GetTheFO At least somebody had our backs (or butts) covered with 2-PAM.

@R0cketRed Год назад

Damn that's like the Vid, anything can be a symptom so good luck everyone.

@Nitroaereus Год назад

There really is a tierlist for everything on RU-vid.

@MailmanRSO Год назад

Tierlist for Tierlists? Is that allowed? I feel like the universe would collapse after that.

@Rwdphotos Год назад

Could always make a tier list for the tier list tier lists

@kestrels-in-the-sky Год назад

@@Rwdphotos could you make a tier list of the tier lists of the tier list of tier lists

@Nyctophiliac. Год назад

pipe bomb tier list

@KungFuWizardOfJesus Год назад

Terrorist attacks tier list? I wonder what would be in S tier.

@DP-qe2xo Год назад

Thanks for the tierlist, was struggling to pick one until now 👍

@dxwnfall4765 Год назад

WHAT

@johndoha5181 Год назад

Lmao🤣

@thedread7258 Год назад

@@Zizos 1K, I have an extension that shows me the dislikes. You should install one.

@IronMan9771 Год назад

@@thedread7258 keep in mind though the extension isn't wholly accurate. It takes the number of dislikes from before RU-vid removed them and also keeps a count of the dislikes from other people with the extension. It can't account for post-removal dislikes from average users because it has no way of knowing about them

@andrewthomson Год назад

Allahu Akbar

@random.3665 Год назад

leaving the horror of all of these aside, i am super impressed that you can tell that something is necessarly toxic just buy looking at the (stylized) molecule. That is not only insanely impressive, but also really shows how much it pays off to actually understand one's own craft, not just get familiar with steps.

@tinac5146 Год назад

I just finished Chem 102 and even with tutoring, extra credit, and studying multiple times a week, the highest grade I could made was an 86 lol. That stuff really goes over my head, so I'm also amazed too. I need a little bit of his passion to help me through organic chemistry next year

@windfall8058 Год назад

For anyone who doesn't wanna see the video of what happens when someone is exposed to a nerve agent, but are still curious, look at a wasp getting sprayed by raid. The spray holds the sodium channels open and essentially makes them have a seizure until they die.

@ianharrison5758 Год назад

Damn. We really out here casually using war crimes on wasps. Fuckers deserve it tho

@darthmaul197 Год назад

Damn

@windfall8058 8 месяцев назад

@@drt1605 Same goes for mosquitoes. We've developed a method to make them go extinct, but the males are important pollinators.

@Shniedelwoodz Год назад

This tierlist could have used extra tiers above S, like "wtf?!", "oh god no" and "why would you even?!"

@thewhatwhat12333 Год назад

thats just like, all of them basically

@DieEineMieze Год назад

That's what S tier is....

@Uthael_Kileanea Год назад

He said at the start that everything on the list is S-tier horrible. That means, that F... Is actually an S. And the ones above are...

@DieEineMieze Год назад

@@Uthael_Kileanea Dear Sire, have you lost your mind?

@ladywaffle2210 Год назад

@@Uthael_Kileanea So, in other words, the tier list is actually -The Hague Won't Even Give You A Trial For This (S) -Crime Against Life (A) -The Development Process Was Grounds For Execution (B) -Added To Charges: Crimes Against Humanity (C) -Death Is Not Enough For Your Crimes (D) -A War Criminal Is You (E) -F Stands For Un-Forgivable Sin (F)

@roscop.coaltrain9440 Год назад

I was a nuclear, biological and chemical specialist in the army. Learning about his when I was 18 scared the hell out of me

@That_Chemist Год назад

It’s awful

@roscop.coaltrain9440 Год назад

@@That_Chemist the binary agents you discussed were only a rumor in the 90s. I was surprised when you mentioned them.

@simon20002 Год назад

@@roscop.coaltrain9440 this is terrifying

@lordbabycakes8736 Год назад

I start my AIT for that next week, CBRN has always fascinated and scared the fuck out of me, wish me luck I hope I never need to earn my pay for this job

@x0nks Год назад

@@lordbabycakes8736 you me both bro

@DiamondEyes84 Год назад

Fun fact about Aberdeen/ Edgewood area. If you get stationed there for more than 3 yrs, you MUST sign a waiver stating you have been made aware that there are VERY high levels of cancer in the area. Oh, and in the mornings we would go on company runs up to the gate to edgewood. On the gate, they had a sign that they are authorized to use deadly force without warning if you cross said gate

@itsjustme8947 Год назад

Ah, the good ol' 'Use of Deadly Force Authorized' signage. That's just an ordinary day at any USAF base where there are Alert bombers, tankers, or fighters on the flightline.

@borb1921 Год назад

I’ve never heard about the Edgewood Arsenal human experiments before either, would be interested to see a video on it. We shouldn’t forget the atrocities in our past.

@ClaytonBigsby93 Год назад

Sadly, we always do..

@bujfvjg7222 Год назад

Especially if they're still happening now!

@ghostwriter1415 Год назад

@@bujfvjg7222 people call me slow, dumb, stupid, and even retarded. However, it's realities like these that allow me to remain blissfully ignorant, and happy to work at Bojangles for $10 per hour! This world is broken beyond repair, and there's nothing you and I can do about it.

@gamerguy425 Год назад

how the fuck did they test the nerve agents on citizens??! were they highly dilouted or something? were the volunteers not told what they were really inhaling??

@Hello-fy6oo Год назад

Please make a video!!

@expertoflizardcorrugation3967 Год назад

ah this is horrifying but one thing I find interesting is that you can, through their structure, almost sort them into a family tree. it's almost like you can see how the ideas developed over time

@That_Chemist Год назад

Yeah that’s true!

@sealpiercing8476 Год назад

@@That_Chemist There's a pretty obvious logic to it. There's a unique bit that has the toxic effect, and the derivatives mostly replace one alkane with another to modify its physical properties.

@warpedweirdo Год назад

O P O I ain't no chemist... but that arrangement appears in a large percentage. I'm guessing that arrangement is the "component" of the molecule that does the dirty work.

@alexxu3004 Год назад

@@warpedweirdo organic phosphoru is dirty dirty stuff

@zchen27 Год назад

I remember in high school our chemistry teacher told us that our final assignment in class is to research any paper that is chemistry-related and present it to the class. Me, being the meme/edge-lord all high schoolers tend to be, did an entire presentation on the effects and countermeasures to agent VX with model testing on mice, as described in some Czech research paper. To maximize meme potential, my entire Powerpoint was in Comic Sans.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Everybody make way for our new ruler, zchen27

@adrianhenle Год назад

Of all the crimes against humanity covered by that presentation, the choice of font is inarguably the worst.

@garethjones6342 Год назад

IMO papyrus might be worse. still. very nice.

@ACME_Kinetics Год назад

Reminds me of when I had to really, really tone down my end of semester presentation. We had a useless science dept, but I somehow got to do an independent study on energetic materials. I got 2-3 police visits, a couple misdemeanor and one felony charges, one letter from the USDOJ and an "A" but not an "A+" I learned a lot about energetic materials and a decent amount about the legal system. Very informative class, would recommend. Edit: This was a long time ago, not sure I would recommend these days. The independent study part I'd absolutely recommend, my subject maybe not so much.

@IndustrialParrot2816 Год назад

@@garethjones6342 alright you can stop insulting the skelliton brothers or theyll turn you blue and hit you with bones

@Mt-zr5bf Год назад

As a Former decontamination sergeant, i can confirm that VX is hellish. One of the big Problems is His very gooey consistance, which make it difficult to decontaminate. In the cbrn Branche, there is the Term "VX problematic"

@NebulaHasADigBick 7 месяцев назад

it’s gooey and it reminds me of honey, i’ll forget that it’s honey

@MathasarSalazar2 Год назад

I have no idea what any of this means, but you make this field (chemistry) sound very impressive

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thank you :)

@daleyfamily2179 Год назад

it means if you are exposed you are very dead.

@trustmeimabiochemist3929 Год назад

The moment you sent Sarin to D tier I knew this was gonna be a spicy video. The classified, human tested, chemical warfare agents of the United States? Well of course we want to know more about that

@samblackstone3400 Год назад

I wonder if the poor people who were unknowingly exposed to these were compensated

@trustmeimabiochemist3929 Год назад

@@samblackstone3400 probably brainwashed to believe it is an honor to sacrifice their health to the development of increasingly efficient ways of killing other human beings

@samblackstone3400 Год назад

@@trustmeimabiochemist3929 Truly a horrifying example of jingoism if that’s the case

@mattm4389 Год назад

Most of the test subjects were inmates at Holmesburg Prison in philly. They were not informed of the risks or natures of these experiments, and were either blackmailed into it by guards or offered reduced sentences in exchange. Many actually _did_ get their sentences reduced... technically. Because they died.

@trustmeimabiochemist3929 Год назад

@@mattm4389 it just got real worse real quick then

@anonviewerciv Год назад

A historical overview of making people lose their nerves, literally. 1:45 G-series. 8:50 V-series. 11:45 Novichok. 14:40 Neostigmine, a medication.

@joestevenson5568 Год назад

Neostigmine is quite interesting because whilst all the others are used to CAUSE paralysis, neostigmine is used to REVERSE the paralysis of the non-depolarising neuromuscular blockade cause by drugs like tubocurarine and pancuronium.

@d.profet5873 Год назад

so, (for context I’m CBRN in the US Army) and it’s cool to see someone review what they beat into our heads. Soman is terrifying because it ages (permanently binds to your AChE within 2 mins of exposure.) We usually are able to counter nerve agent poisoning with a combination of Diazepam and Atropine (mostly the atropine) alongside copious amounts of RSDL to the affected area. SMs (servicemembers) are given CANA (the anti convulsant) and an ATNAA (the immediate atropine) injectors. Mostly these can counter 2nd and 3rd Gen agents, however the novichoks (4th Gen, A-Series, etc.) are also terrifying bc they are resistant to these interventions. It’s why the Russians prefer them.

@kevinmencer3782 Год назад

Sarin should be higher up, not because it's deadly (even though it is), but because it's so damn easy to make.

@bruhgod123 11 месяцев назад

ok tell me how to make it im gonna prank my friends with it

@seand.g423 10 месяцев назад

@@bruhgod123as if clicking this vid didn't put us on enough additional watch lists _already..._

@Ag3nt0fCha0s 10 месяцев назад

For God’s sake nobody tell him

@bruhgod123 10 месяцев назад

@@Ag3nt0fCha0s tell me

@kartikpoojari22 6 месяцев назад

@@bruhgod123A number of production pathways can be used to create sarin. The final reaction typically involves attachment of the isopropoxy group to the phosphorus with an alcoholysis with isopropyl alcohol. Two variants of this process are common. One is the reaction of methylphosphonyl difluoride with isopropyl alcohol, which produces a racemic mixture of sarin enantiomers with hydrofluoric acid as a byproduct.

@liamlundergan2751 Год назад

When Thatchemist uploads a video, I always watch, laugh, learn, and get contacted by the authorities.

@themanhimself3 Год назад

Every clandestine lab needs this hung up like a live, laugh, love sign.

@deusvult7296 Год назад

I remember going through the nerve agent chamber, even though they make sure your all sealed up and fine its still pretty scary

@joegrst Год назад

As a layman in anything related to chemistry, I wish there were additional descriptions as to what these agents do to you physically. Still love this content, the fact that many of these don’t degrade and are so lethal at small doses and with little to no warning is wild.

@That_Chemist Год назад

You should check out my new carcinogen tierlist - let me know if that is more to your liking, as I tried to cover that more in newer videos!

@jameson1239 Год назад

I’m pretty sure all of these inhibit the production of acetylcholinesterase which is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine which is a neurotransmitter that does a whole bunch of stuff including making your muscles contract and with no enzyme to get rid of the acetylcholine your muscles just sort of stay contracted which means you can’t breathe and eventually you die due to asphyxiation.

@jackbuff_I Год назад

Yeah I thought the same tbh

@72dew Год назад

You pretty much cramp to death

@joegrst Год назад

@@That_Chemist absolutely! Thanks for pointing me in the right direction :)

@linuxguy1199 Год назад

Weellllllcome back, I'm That chemist and today we'll be doing a speedrun to the top of the No-Fly list!

@TaosoftheVoid Год назад

As someone with no background in chemistry or nerve agents: this all sounded scary to me. Thanks for the new fear! 10/10 would watch again!

@pieterveenders9793 Год назад

Wait untill you read up on bacterial toxins, they make even the very worst organophosphates look cute. Bacterial toxins are the most potent naturally occuring toxins on earth, the most potent of which, Botulinum neurotoxin A is 1.000-10.000x more deadly than the most potent nerve agent. Just 5 grams, if evenly divided among everyone is enough to kill every human on earth. And many other bacterial toxins are insanely potent as well, lethal in sub-microgram dosages.

@mr.infernal1380 Год назад

@@pieterveenders9793 What may be the reason for that lethality? Is it beacuse they attack something specific or they behave in some weird way.

@scruffyryan Год назад

You don't get less scared of it by studying chemistry. You just get more horrified.

@asgerrbergkristensen7410 Год назад

@@pieterveenders9793 Wait is botulinum neurotoxin the same as botox? The stuff people INJECT INTO THEIR FACE???

@chrismac2234 Год назад

I'm a retired nuclear biological and chemical warfare specialist. I love little videos like this. Good for civi awareness.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thank you 🙏

@davenoi Год назад

🧢🧢🧢

@Shadow.behind.mountains Год назад

CBRN?

@chrismac2234 Год назад

@@Shadow.behind.mountains UK forces, ye that's the acronym used these days. They change repeatedly.

@demoncbr9981 Год назад

Y’all ever use a hapsite? If not, what did you use in the field for analysis?

@heyitskyriii9815 Год назад

as someone who is currently a chemical corps soldier, this stuff will mess up the world if used incorrectly

@heyitskyriii9815 Год назад

Also forgot to add that yes as a Chem soldier we do get exposed during training to being used to working within environments laced with nerve agents. But for the most part the popular chemical we use is just cs

@LogieD223 Год назад

Oh man. Sarin/GB in D tier. How much worse do these things get? This list is going to be interesting

@That_Chemist Год назад

I hope you enjoy :)

@livedandletdie Год назад

Sarin is treatable... so is VX, but some of the others aren't as easily treatable... Because the no no chemicals far outlive any treatment drug, and the treatment drugs would kill you in the first place before they could treat you.

@LogieD223 Год назад

@@livedandletdie as I found out watching the rest of the video. But also “easily treatable” isn’t correct since you have to be treated within minutes to survive VX or GB

@garethjones6342 Год назад

man I had NO Idea an agent even existed that was easier to understand using femtomolars instead of regular old mcg/ml. because I guess 10x^-15 its a bit hard for our brains to comprehend. I suppose individual atoms of certain radioactive elements some how ending up in vital tissue are "kinda bad". its all just so far outside my existence and (hopefully) always will be

@jhonbus Год назад

@@garethjones6342 Imagine doing the LD50 testing and going back for the third time dividing down after the entire sample population died immediately _again_ Then thinking "Maaaybe I should have been being more careful with this one this whole time..."

@pipolwes000 Год назад

TMTFA sounds like it would be one of the few chemicals that's lethal even at homeopathic concentrations

@PS-vk6bn Год назад

I wonder, if it is even more toxic than botulinum toxin!? ☠🤔

@likemau5552 Год назад

It propably is

@livedandletdie Год назад

I mean if we say that we're generous and 1 Mol^-15 per kg is ld50 then if you had a 1 mol/l solution, you could wipe out all of humanity, 8×10^9 and we were generous and said every human weighed 100kg, then you could kill all of humanity 1250 times in a row.

@kolokol7796 Год назад

@@likemau5552 It's not "That" bad, actually. Firstly, AChE inhibition constants and lethal dosages are not as strongly correlated as some would believe. Secondly, there are more things that govern toxicity than just enzyme inhibition kinetics (For instance, pharmacodynamics, whether the agent is readily hydrolysed in the body, etc). Thirdly, one of the papers dealing with TMTFA did test its toxicity on mice. By intraperitoneal injection, it was "only" around the same order of magnitude as sodium cyanide. So, definitely not something you would want to get in you, but also not on the level of something like Sarin or VX.

@garethjones6342 Год назад

at proper homeopathic levels, if you somehow properly synthesized it, even the presence of a SINGLE molecule of active compond is like winning the lottary. thats how bullshit homeopathy is; like TMTFA; hard to even comprehend

@Pete856 Год назад

Growing up on a farm, some of the chemicals we used were scary, as was the way some farmers out there handled them without any protective clothing or respirators. Common insecticide use against soil borne pests were Terufos and Phorate, they were sold under different brand names, the LD50 on some of them was around 1mg/Kg. This scares the hell out of me, a tenth of a gram inhaled or swallowed and you're dead (dermal numbers were only slightly higher), I don't go near anything that toxic.

@SpaceW- Год назад

Idk why i have been recommended this video consistently since you uploaded it but I finally gave it a watch, understood nothing you said, and am still horrified. Well done! Also I guess I’m part of the watchlist too now

@adrianhenle Год назад

In grad school, I worked on a multi-step synthesis to make some goofy organophosphorous compound. I came up with a whole synthetic plan, which I'm certain would have worked, and started validating it with SciFinder searches of my intermediates. Long story short, it's worryingly easy to accidentally plan a process that involves distillation of sarin. Had to go back to the drawing board on that one...

@jhonbus Год назад

I'm kind of surprised terrorists aren't slaughtering thousands of people every day with some of these things, they don't appear like they'd be especially tricky to synthesise. I'd check, but that seems like it'd probably be a bad idea. Then again that cult that released sarin into the Tokyo subway seemed to have surprisingly poor results, and I seem to recall they had quite a lot of the stuff. But if someone made one of the less volatile ones and went round painting it on random touchable surfaces in a city... Jesus. Then again you could do the same with dimethylHg... Like I say, surprised this isn't happening all the time.

@ryangillespie123 Год назад

The person who discovered the compound probably thought the same thing.

@timidler2487 Год назад

That's why it's up there on the weaponized terrorist compounds watchlist.

@TwoTreesStudio Год назад

"goofy organophosphorous compound" literally describes everything on this list...all of your intermediaries are going to be completely fucked up also surprised nobody has mentioned phosgene in all of this tbh, and "organophosphate" is only mentioned once...whoever made this is either a bad chemist or intentionally covering up the info you'd need to develop a weapon even though it's widely understood

@sparks6177 Год назад

@@TwoTreesStudio well considering he explained very detailed compounds and history of said compounds, yet obscured any actionable information I’m going to say it was deliberate. The non chemists watching don’t get it anyway and the chemist that are watching already know, so better just let the 3rd group (amateur chemists trying to make chemical weapons) In the dark as long as possible, if anyone wants to know how to do it they can make the google search themselves.

@RelativelyBest Год назад

I like how even though the tiers only rank them in badness relative to each other, and even the F one is really scary, half of them still ended up in S and A.

@FlaminDuster3772 Год назад

15:28 The fact that I can't find any detailed information about this gas, really makes it seem extremely dangerous to even know about its existence.

@whoshotashleybabbitt4924 Год назад

As a medical professional, i was really surprised to see neostigmine on there! Glad it got F tier

@Zer0xChan Год назад

The added fun with Soman is that it quickly irreversibly binds to the nerve receptors so normal nerve agent antidotes don't function that well. One of the reasons p-tabs exist

@saddish2816 Год назад

Whats p tabs.

@MrBii03 Год назад

@@saddish2816 an anti nerve agent pill that was used to help stop soman when it was used in the gulf war

@panykfelidae9018 Год назад

P tabs are another festive example of "the treatment is terrifying enough to make you run screaming from the cause"

@TitaniusAnglesmith Год назад

@@panykfelidae9018 Aight I'm gonna look up P-tabs... Edit: Oh it's PB. How is that horrible?

@thecoolnerdplaysvr5674 Год назад

@@TitaniusAnglesmith look ag ghe symptoms. Muscle weakness. Breathing issues. Can be lethal if quit suddenly

@jimsmind3894 Год назад

Morally questionable chemistry is a scary subject! Great vid!

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thank you!

@LieseFury Год назад

what exactly is questionable about these chemicals? this is actual evil. edit: except for the medicine one

@EVL_GRN Год назад

waltuh

@everythingsalright1121 Год назад

I feel like morally questionable and nerve agents arent phrases that go together. I think "morally horrifying" is more appropriate

@benjaminb6678 Год назад

I don’t think nerve agents are even remotely morally questionable.

@blatinobear Год назад

Finished watching NileRed make cherry and grape sodas and now the algorithm decided it’s time to teach me the human atrocities tier list 💀

@s208richard8 Год назад

Many pharmacies in the UK countryside keep stocks of Atropine and 2-PAM, just in case farmers were poisoned. Happened a few times each year.

@jakep519 Год назад

I used to work in a laboratory that did testing on nearly all of these compounds. While we were working with them we had these autoinjectors similar to an Epi-pen that were called Duodotes. They contained Atropine and another compound called 2-PAM that both worked together to counteract the effects of the nerve agents. One of the scariest ones is by far GD. It may not be nearly as toxic as the other ones, but because aging happens in a few minutes, by the time you would start getting symptoms of exposure it would be too late to get an antidote. I was responsible for making up some of the dosing solutions of these agents and would hand them off to someone that would give them to an animal. Even when an antidote was given to the animal, they would still have pretty severe symptoms. Its pretty brutal to see those kinds of things and its part of the reason I no longer work there. These compounds are no joke and I still have a pretty healthy fear of them. There's a reason they are banned.

@alflyover4413 Год назад

Atropine for one thigh and 2-PAM Chloride for the other. Plus Pyridostigmine bromide tablets for pre-exposure prophylaxis. These are not cures. They are issued to the soldier for first-aid purposes to keep him or her alive long enough to be medevacked for treatment.

@taylorjacquez7451 Год назад

Sounds like a lot of fun!

@dreamcrusher112 Год назад

@@taylorjacquez7451 animal abuse x100

@AnxietyAdvertisement Год назад

not into chemistry whatsoever nor do i know anything but this was thoroughly enjoyable, the way you describe how horrifying the agents are made me laugh🤣

@yehdssdgsdg7790 Год назад

Man said “holy HECK” 😅

@itsjustme7785 Год назад

💀💀💀

@AnxietyAdvertisement Год назад

@@yehdssdgsdg7790 had to revisit. “absolutely horrendous”

@musicalneptunian Год назад

I've spoken to serving military people: these nerve agents scare the living *^ out of them. I know there's atrophine. But you have to get to the atrophine in time or get your chemical suit on in time. You probably don't have that much time.

@ghostwriter1415 Год назад

@@yehdssdgsdg7790 that was pretty funny! I laughed with you.

@DanteTied Год назад

love how a research for a roleplay I'm planning for my friend led me to this and probably me ending up on a watchlist :D

@stickyfox Год назад

I can attest to the terrifying aspect. I went thru the CDTF at FLW MO. The first day is fun, splashing around cleaning up simulated chemical weapons in a variety of settings. The second day when they open the container and the alarms in the area start going off is a totally different vibe.

@khub5660 Год назад

They split it into 2 days now? I did all of it in one

@stickyfox Год назад

@@khub5660 I was there shortly after the 9/11 attacks and my class was a mix of BNCOC, 20/30 transition (like me), air marshals, and SF students so I'm sure I didn't get the normal treatment.

@donm9090 Год назад

Nothing like that cold shower afterwards when the fear of death sets in just a little too late. Most people probably don't understand what it really means to say the army provides you with clothes to go in there and it's easier for them to just burn it all afterwards, from just having been in the same room as individual droplets of nerve agents.

@stickyfox Год назад

@@donm9090 The night before CDTF is like, "they said you have to keep your face shaved to get a good mask seal, but they just told me not to shave tomorrow morning.... they said we have to burn contaminated MOPP gear, but today they told us they use the suits seven times...."

@donm9090 Год назад

@@stickyfox You don't shave because they can't let you in with even so much as a slight razor burn cause damaged skin is a risk they can't take. Skin contact with a single drop of NA is enough to kill most people, damaged skin would have any vapor stick to it and get inside your skin better. Gas masks will seal with something like ¼-½" of facial hair. As far as what they burn goes, mopp is like $1k a set so it would make sense if they clean and reuse them at least a couple times, but eventually they'll be burned and replaced. Mopp has a field use time limit of about 4 hours iirc so that's probably when they burn the mopp gear, after it's been used enough times to get close to the 4 hours use. Everything underneath isn't nearly worth enough money to be cost effective to clean even once.

@SlurMaster9000 Год назад

Damn. Who'd have thought that Electronic Arts is only the second most evil "EA"?

@LadyGoof 9 месяцев назад

It even has its own Sarin as an antagonist

@colbyk5492 Год назад

Would definitely be interested in hearing more about the Edgewood Arsenal stuff I had no idea... Great insight as always.

@MootingInsanity Год назад

'Horrible things done by the government' is a hell of a rabbithole

@pyropulseIXXI Год назад

@@MootingInsanity I don't get why people are surprised of this; governments are evil by their very nature. They'll send thousands upon thousands of men to die just to benefit a super small elite class. Lives mean nothing to them, other than what they can get out of them for their own profit

@gordman6432 Год назад

Same. I totally believe it happened but I’d like to hear about it

@mattm4389 Год назад

Holmesburg prison. That's where most of the "volunteers" came from

@PS-vk6bn Год назад

See also "Project ARTICHOKE" and "MKULTRA" for more unethical stuff (this time conducted by the CIA).

@appallokelley3207 Год назад

My grandfather had nerve agents tested on him . He lost his mind and spent the rest of his life in a mental hospital. The military is great . 😐

@andrewmiller3017 Год назад

Hopefully in 20 years we WON'T have a new tier list involving nerve agents and how evil they are. Maybe I'm just living in a dream though.

@htomerif Год назад

What's most scary to me is that you only have to get in the ballpark of any of those molecules. You've got two functional groups that you can mix and match and basically any combination of them makes an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

@That_Chemist Год назад

100%

@maitres-chez-nous5609 Год назад

😨😨

@SwitchTF2 Год назад

What a load of bullshit. Without field data nothing is a chemical weapon. There's reams of de novo drug design studies that go nowhere, because functionality is not as simple as organic chemists believe. Go learn some pharmacology before making these claims.

@SwitchTF2 Год назад

@@That_Chemist what a joke

@htomerif Год назад

@@SwitchTF2 Cool hubris, bro. Just listen to what you're saying: "because these compounds have not been characterized, they're not dangerous". Please never step foot in a lab. To be clear, almost all of these neurotoxins have two parts: something to effectively permanently bind to one of the active sites on acetocholinesterase and something to sterically block the rest of the active region of it. Let me make one up for you: throw a bunch of isopropane groups on a nitrogen and bond it via an oxygen to, I don't know, lets say a dimethylcyclohexane. Any dimethylcyclohexane. Take your pick. I'll give you a dollar to breathe it. Its not a chemical weapon, right? "Without field data nothing is a chemical weapon." right? Dollar not enough? How about a trillion dollars? The moon? Literally doesn't matter from my point of view because you're not gonna be collecting. @That Chemist what odds would you put on my nonsense molecule being recognized as GRAS? Would you take a biggo sniff of it?

@petersmythe6462 Год назад

I like how you're like "ok, this one takes a whole drop to be lethal, can eventually evaporate, and can only be absorbed through the skin a little bit. F tier useless trash."

@That_Chemist Год назад

Haha

@Sir0fficerNasty Год назад

My science teacher used to be a weapons expert and chemist in the army. He told us stories about testing VX. Scary af.

@justinbain3091 Год назад

I find your videos fascinating. Even tho I don't understand the chemistry it's so interesting to learn about.

@mikaeels2691 Год назад

I've always wondered how they knew some of these are tasteless and odorless

@That_Chemist Год назад

This tbh

@unnamellie Год назад

They tasted it I laughed a month ago because in my chem materials acids were described as having the acidic taste. Like, it makes sense, but I can't imagine being that scientist who decided to chug some HNO3 (I don't know what it's called in English, sorry)

@bulletghost3452 Год назад

@@unnamellie when people describe a "Acidic taste" I always imagine squeezing a lime on your tongue. That is probably how you can best describe it.

@unnamellie Год назад

@@bulletghost3452 you need to make sure that all acids are acidic👀

@LautloseLebwerwurst3000 Год назад

@@unnamellie the German name for acid is "Säure", which very literally means "sourness" Also, our anorganic chemistry prof told us that beryllium was first named glucium for its sweet taste

@Gilberto90 Год назад

VX was apparently so important that it was rumoured to have been given by Britain to the United States as part of quid pro quo for information/designs for Thermonuclear weapons. Also Porton Down laboratory in Britain also conducted human experimentation with nerve agents (including at least one death found by a coroner's inquest in 2004 to have been unlawful) so you could include that with any Edgeworth Arsenal material.

@danielmarshall4587 Год назад

Us "Brits" though......

@Grummash Год назад

Excellent video... so much detail! 👏👏👏👏

@ICUPositivity Год назад

Hey thanks for adding me to the watchlist, hope they show good movies 🙂👍

@agentvx8320 Год назад

I feel personally attacked by this awesome video.

@That_Chemist Год назад

oh yeah haha

@agentvx8320 Год назад

@@That_Chemist Finally someone I don't need to explain the pun in my name to lol

@yutudelickzolonskyyballs7146 Год назад

@@agentvx8320 you need to thanks him for explaining your alas Plz be nice

@featherweighthate Год назад

@@yutudelickzolonskyyballs7146 what a name

@markshort9098 Год назад

@@agentvx8320 I'd think everyone watching this understands your name, I'm only an amateur chemist with no formal training and it was clear to me

@PS-vk6bn Год назад

If you want to see the effects of a nerve agent in action, just use insect spray on a mosquito.The mode of action is pretty much the same, with the difference that the compounds of the insecticides are optimized to inhibit/block insect acetylcholinesterase (an enzyme which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholin), while nerve agents are good at blocking human acetylcholinesterase.

@joeylawn36111 Год назад

Better yet - on a wasp. They'll constantly flap their wings very rapidly, but can't fly. They've lost total control of all body functions.

@guyincognito. Год назад

Correct. The most common insecticides work by disrupting the nerve sodium / potassium ion channels rather than acetylcholinesterase inhibition, but with the same result.

@2fathomsdeeper Год назад

Try pyrethrin on fleas! They'll get one short jump and land twitching for about 20 seconds. Doing the Afghani Fish Dance! (What the Russians said about Afghan rebels after getting hit by Soman.)

@kid_missive Год назад

@@2fathomsdeeper you are gross.

@joeylawn36111 Год назад

@@guyincognito. Good point. I'm sure that's because cholinesterase inhibitors are generally way too toxic for consumer use.

@MrScaryJello Год назад

You got my subscription based off of the name of the video alone. This promises to be elucidating and ridiculous. I'm making popcorn before I start the video.

@joannabusinessaccount7293 Год назад

Thank you so much for making this video. You have no idea who the audience may be, and how we can use this to better the human condition as well as the earth's condition and all living animals / plants. Thank you again, from the bottom of my heart.

@igorsokolenko6144 Год назад

The G stands for "German (agent)", you learn this in Army CBRN training at Nord Hall in AIT. This was done because those agents were discovered during WW2 in the possession of the Germans as the Allies invaded.

@timtmtm7689 Год назад

Yeah i was confused why the G would stand for the Former German Chancellor(1990-1998) Gerhard Schröder, makes alot more sense

@sylux7998 Год назад

@@timtmtm7689 I was puzzled too so I looked it up. He didn't mean Gerhard Schröder but the German chemist Gerhard Schrader. Apparently he was called "The father of the nerve agents".

@airplanemaniacgaming7877 Год назад

@@sylux7998 What is with Germany and having the fathers of two things banned by the Geneva Convention be from there?

@llamatreee Год назад

@@airplanemaniacgaming7877 They’re just incredible at making things.

@AdventuringJD Год назад

I did some training with an agency where we underwent live-agent hazmat operations. It was 4 days of classroom learning, and 1 day of in the field. We had to have all of our masks and filters inspected, and then double and triple verified by computer measurements. We went into areas with VX, Sarin and GB gasses/exposure. And when they said “Oh yeah, by the way, this stuff isn’t even anywhere near the worst out there.” That just kind of hit different. Edited to add: Yes, VX is a 10/10 on this list. But theres also other nerve agents that make your death even more unpleasant. Just for some reference, in the proper environment, with the proper conditions and carrier, a single drop of VX gas the size of the tip of a needle, could kill over 3000 people.

@raydiaz2772 Год назад

Humanity for inventing such horrific things to kill each other is arguably worse than the chemicals itself.

@Lucas_sGarage Год назад

The fact that humanity created this to kill each other makes me lose all the hope i had left in humanity...

@HunterofWaifus Год назад

put this on your watch list to be put on a watch list. Thank you very cool

@CharlieApples Год назад

I’m so glad the algorithm brought me to this. What a great scientific breakdown. 10/10

@polsefanten Год назад

Two popular theories as to why Hitler refused to allow the use of chemical weapons during WWII: He'd himself been a victim of gas attacks in the first world war and thus thought they were too horrible to use, and the second reason is that German high command knew the allies themselves also had chemical weapons and feared retaliation if they were used.

@PantsofVance Год назад

Hitler also ordered all German bunkers to be fitted with quick access to showers in case German soldiers got gassed. Didn't stop him from using it to mass murder the "undesirables".

@polsefanten Год назад

@@PantsofVance Of course, very little about the nazi leadership made any logical sense. Gas too horrible to be used on soldiers but A-OK to be used on civilians; bunch of mad men.

@EkonEzg Год назад

Nah he used it all up on Jews

@rekamud6635 Год назад

@@EkonEzg Yes but is that any reason not to donate it to ukraine? You have to take the booster, its the only safe way against the russian covid.

@spookyskeleton4977 Год назад

Yeah, you're forgetting a group of people he did use it against

@PwdrdTstMn Год назад

ICU/OR RN back again, Neostigmine is used A LOT in critical care/anesthesia medicine. It's one of the most cost-effective and efficient reversal agents for paralytics. Rocuronium, Vecuronium, succs, all reversed by Neostigmine within 60 seconds, usually less than that. Another one is Suggamadex. Also, definitely make a deep dive on Eastwood Armory please

@localdrugseller6431 Год назад

What about you suggama dix??

@AA-gl1dr Год назад

@@localdrugseller6431 classic

@balllord3546 Год назад

funny chemical name

@jj_verona Год назад

@@localdrugseller6431 holy shit dude ya fuckin killed them

@richardwiersma Год назад

Just googled sugamadex cause I thought it was a joke. It's fukcin' real!!

@harrintino Год назад

What a awesome video! Thank you sir, I subscribed.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thanks for the sub!

@zihames8579 Год назад

Love channels like these that teach you on obscure things in fun ways, kind of reminds me of nilered.

@samblackstone3400 Год назад

When you see a three fluorides on the same carbon connected to a ring with a charged group that’s when you know shit is getting real.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Yeah that bad boy is so effing electrophilic

@samblackstone3400 Год назад

@@That_Chemist It’s literally off the chart on my molecule modeling program lmao. It can’t render the electron density correctly.

@SportyMabamba Год назад

@@That_Chemist noooo my electrons D:

@liam3284 Год назад

all your electrons are belong to us

@andresmartinezramos7513 Год назад

@@liam3284 lmao

@lexinwonderland5741 Год назад

Your hard work does not go unnoticed! Thanks for the great content as always!

@That_Chemist Год назад

And thank you for your dedicated viewership - I still appreciate your recommendation of making the perfluorocubane video every time I see you leave a comment :)

@philswede Год назад

Greetings from Sweden! You, Sir, just got yourself a new subscriber. 👍

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thank you - I just visited an IKEA about a week ago ;)

@philswede Год назад

@@That_Chemist Did you try the meatballs?

@sgordon57xx 7 месяцев назад

Being a CBRN specialist in the USMC and a technician now, this was a pretty great video/tier list. 👏

@a.ziegler6010 Год назад

1, Cyclosarin is less potent compare to sarin 2, Soman belongs in S tier - even tho it is not as toxic as some of the other agents, but the main kicker for it is that it is extremely hard to treat due to the rate at which aging (the loss of the alkoxy group ) which renders it resistant to oxime antidotes. Normal effective window for treatment for other agents are around few hours. Soman? 5 minutes 😬 3, In V series, the thiol is the leaving group, not the alkoxy group (I.e. in VX, the leaving group is diisopropylaminoethanthiol) Hope this helps

@EnjoyCocaColaLight Год назад

Thank you, Doctor Ziegler.

@edi9892 Год назад

Technically, both are leaving groups I guess their hydrolysis rate is as follows Cl F SR OR NR2 The fact that two groups can split off makes binding to ACE irreversible... EDIT: Cl and F had a mix-up.

@a.ziegler6010 Год назад

@@edi9892 The leaving group in this case is what causes the phosphonylation of the serine residue in AChE, in this case the thiol - the loss of alkoxy group is not the mechanism for its toxicity, but merely how hard it is to reverse a poisoned enzyme molecule. 2nd remark is incorrect unfortunately - fluoride is a much weaker leaving group than chloride. The reason why a weaker leaving group resulting in higher toxicity is that less of the inhibitor gets inactivated by nucleophiles within the body such as water, before reaching the intended target, AChE. Once reaching the target, the catalytic triad would still be able to eliminate the weaker leaving group due to lower activation energy resulted from stabilization of transition state intermediate

@edi9892 Год назад

@@a.ziegler6010 Thanks for the clarification. I already noticed that I might be wrong, but I wrote this comment at 3:00 in the night... (sleep problems)

@a.ziegler6010 Год назад

@@edi9892 lmaooooo nah its alg, I feel you tho, what a mood

@michaelm6597 Год назад

Also this is probably one of the first times I have heard new chemistry terms like "quatranary anilibrium" 15:21 and im glad he does not use layman's terms because I get to expand my chemistry vocabulary.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Quaternary anilinium* :)

@slipperysnakelaw Год назад

Thanks for the guide!

@kazkk2321 8 месяцев назад

This is a great intellectual work and summery. More ppl should learn about these things

@jasonjavelin Год назад

The algo has blessed you, please do more. This topic is extremely interesting!

@That_Chemist Год назад

Thank you :)

@joekrafft7125 Год назад

excellent work. as someone who went through live agent training: VX is by far the most terrifying

@CantoraMask 11 месяцев назад

I was under the impression that the "G" is derived from the German word "Gifte," which means "poisons" in English. The G-series nerve agents were developed by the German military during World War II, and they are named using a combination of generally two letters except in specific cases like GBS where the S stands for sulfur)

@A1509MDIX 2 месяца назад

Appreciate the information. I was a CBRN Defence Specialist in the USMC and chemical warfare agents has always been my weakest understanding. The more I can study on these and how to combat them, the better.

@WolfOfPvm Год назад

Watching your channel definitely breathed interest in chemistry You're very good with presentation and I always find myself watching these

@reasonablenamehere Год назад

I have no idea what you're talking about and I'm probably on a watchlist now, but I enjoyed every bit of this.

@dragarasavuros8054 Год назад

Thanks for this video!

@triple_gem_shining Год назад

Wicked! Thanks for everything you do.

@JoeSmoPedro Год назад

I was honestly a bit surprised you mentioned some of the history of how a couple chemicals were used but not Sarin cuz it was infamously used by that one Japanese doomsday cult in an attack on a subway. To be fair though, this was my first video of yours I've seen and I wasn't expecting it to be more about the chemical properties than the history of their use! It was very informative regardless even if I didn't understand some of the terminology

@mandowarrior123 Год назад

I think he expected everyone to know about sarin.

@herewego6343 Год назад

Aum Shinrikyo. The leader of the cult was actually executed fairly recently. They tried a bunch of different neurotic ways to use nerve/chemical agents in their attacks. IIRC they once tried to shoot a bunch of botulinum into the air via the exhaust port of a car.

@potatosquad120 Год назад

Sarin was used in syria

@upstate4288 Год назад

Sad anyone would ever purposefully make a cocktail of death. Not just death but absolute suffering. I can only imagine those poor people they experimented on. It’s what nightmares are made of. What you mentioned reminded me of unit 731 from Japan. After reading about it I couldn’t sleep for 2 weeks.

@taekwondotime Год назад

To counter the enemies cocktail of death. It's warfare. The alternative is being conquered and having your people destroyed.

@addaustin6730 Год назад

Rarely used, they keep getting designed and tested for defensive reason... the Geneva convention is just paper after all.

@thepewplace1370 Год назад

@@addaustin6730 when Hitler is afraid to use them, you know you've got something appallingly bad on your hands

@shepardice3775 Год назад

@@AlphaCarinae The "need" doesn't exist. There's never any reason to use nerve agents, or any chemical weaponry, against a group of people.

@shepardice3775 Год назад

@@addaustin6730Unless you're literally being invaded, any "defensive" excuse is bullshit

@simonanderson5241 Год назад

I love how you showed the parts that are easy to bond

@miloraddjuric9588 Год назад

I'm glad that you 're saying for most of them that you couldn't find more information online.

@That_Chemist Год назад

For a normal person this is expected, but I have and use chemistry research tools that let you interrogate this information - *it does not exist*

@CatboyChemicalSociety Год назад

u know these scary things about Quaternary amines makes me more cautious now when preparing anion exchange membranes because one of the steps involve treating the surface full of amines with methylating agents like methyl iodide to form quaternary amines which make me wonder if some of these may break apart and form terrifying compounds.

@That_Chemist Год назад

Oh my gosh you are actually right - I didn’t even think of the ion membrane researchers!!!

@panykfelidae9018 Год назад

One of the most exciting parts of an orgo lab class... the sentence "You add this drop wise, because in the presence of, eh, twenty degree above room heat the product will be an anesthetic instead of an indicator and leaning over the beaker will paralyze you for a couple days on a ventilator. SO YOU ALL MADE SURE TO GET THE ICE BATHS DONE PROPERLY WITH BRINE, RIGHT?"

@zachelkins1229 Год назад

This reminds me of the phrase "oops I accidentally a war crime."

@jreelite7149 Год назад

Excited for that bigger video. I love that “stuff” + you --x happens--> die and/or really high - chemistry. That ‘x happens’ science slaps.

@wmxpodcast8589 Год назад

I didn’t watch the full video. I just needed to the know the S tiers. But thank you for making this 😊

@That_Chemist Год назад

You're so welcome!

@n_ear Год назад

another recommendation?! wow thank u again

@dwavenminer Год назад

*Flicks through mentioned book* Well, that terrifying...now the question, where to rank it alongside the other terrifying things: -How deadly mixing household cleaning products is -How easy it is to produce materials that undergo "high energy decomposition at speed" -How easy it is to buy reasonably radioactive substances, sometimes without even knowing it -Taxes

@That_Chemist Год назад

I don’t even mention the worst contents of the book for good reason

@bulletghost3452 Год назад

I know something about getting radioactive products, there is this pseudo sciene conspiracy theory crazed category of products that do "Negative-5g, Negative ion" which are actually radioactive. Crazy to think they could sell that lol.

@dwavenminer Год назад

@@bulletghost3452 the anti 5G angle was just a pivot, beforehand they were putting the thorium compound (waste product of mining something else, I forget what) into skin creams which were sold at those "health" shops (the ones that also sell homeopathic remedies) as a "cure" to skin cancer...yes you did read that correctly...

@Hellsong89 Год назад

"How deadly mixing household cleaning products is" Deadly/hilarious.. close enough. Few years back took upon my self to research why gf had some health issues after cleaning the toilet with bleach from... cat urine.... Yeah her face was pretty priceless when i told her that she essentially went trough military chemical warfare training. Thankfully door was open whole time and amounts didnt exceed other than skin and eye irritation. Now i know to just spray the bleach, run and close the door until fumes have dissipated. For the rest, that information is rather common if you lurk on questionable sites and already are under abc agencies watch list... Not that i actually use this information to anything crazy, but its good to know to help protect ones self against them and more over to tell people who want to ban anything supposedly dangerous that its futile since you can make it from stuff that cannot be regulated at all.