Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans? 

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Indo-Europeans, what happens when a tribe spends all their tech-points on military technology.

So, where do you want to go? Proto-Indo-Europeans: Yes.

One small Steppe for man , one giant Steppe for mankind........

The indo-europeans are very indo-european

So Hinduism is the last trace of the original Indo-European religion before the mass conversion to Abrahamic religions?

I've been binging your channel over the last few days. Really enjoying it.

there was no Turkey 3600 years ago. Better to say Anatolia

Pater Dyus = as a Spanish speaker thousands of years later, I could understand what that means immediately, no explanation is required. It's simply amazing. It's mind blowing really

So basically a Yamna man with a horse was like a man with a nice car in the 50's, a chick magnet. I totally get that, and it also explains why western girls seems to love horses.

Triggered you forgot the Frisians but notwithstanding the lack of trigger warnings very much enjoyed the video 😉

I'm Italian from Tuscany, and although all of my 8 great-grandparents were from Tuscany, my DNA admixture scan through GEDmatch came out with some surprising results. It was closer to the average Central European than I expected. Only 45% or so was ENF. Maybe it's because my mother's family probably had older Germanic origins, since their surname sounds like an Italianization of a German word. Now I understand why, when I was in the US, everybody thought I was from the Netherlands or France or something like that. It's interesting and fascinating to find out something about our ancient bloodline, but one must always remember that, you know, people moved A LOT across the continent since then, and interbred AF. Otherwise you wouldn't have those blonde-haired blue-eyed Sicilians, probably descending from Normans that arrived there around year 1000 CE. They're not common, but they're there.

The beautiful thing about this language is that an English, Polish, Iranian and Indian persons can sit down listen to it and be like “hey I know this word!”. If you think about the word “ghosti” it is pretty universal

-watch Survive the Jive video -listen to soothing and calm English accent for 20 minutes -video ends -fuck didn't pay attention have to re-watch Every fucking time.

I'm not white but I love your work and your more modest demeanor. I'm thinking about doing something like this for Africans and middle easterners. I think you need to write a book compiling your interpretation of the data mate.

As an American, I really relate to people who call their cheiftains potis.

I speak Portuguese, indo european idiom. I confess, when a read some hindi word i feel a strange familiarity...

That abrupt Burzum bit had me legitimately laughing out loud for a minute. Haha, great video as always Tom, and great sense of humour haha

Hi, I'm Praveen(Pravina -Sanskrit, proficient-English). I am a Sinhalese(Indo Aryan) from Sri Lanka, the southernmost Indo-European ethnic group. My love to all other Indo European brothers, sisters and cousins...

Thank you so much. I’m doing my high school final project on the indo Europeans and their influence on the world. I needed some help haha

"Geysl" meant "prisoner"? "Gijzelen" in Dutch means "to take hostage", a "gijzelaar" is a "hostage", and a "gijzelnemer" is a "hostage-taker". The "ij" in all of these words is an "ey" sound.

In Hinduism, the Sun (Mitra/Surya), and the Moon (Soma/Chandra) are both male.

Subscribed on the strength of this one video. Thank you! I came looking for information on the culture of the P.I.E. people through linguistics & that's what I got! I love discovering the echoes of these people in not only my language but also the smattering of other languages I have. Lots of "Of course!" moments... Hugely rewarding!

I really like your channel. You take on parts of history less known. Deep time :) Very well done.

They out- performed the other groups, because of war and milk. milk . They had the enzime to digest milk. 1 Litre of milk is 670 calories. By becoming yogurt, the bacteria eat lactose...meaning that the calories decrease..but digestiability increase. So proto-indo-europeans children had better nutrion...meaning just by drinking 2 litre of milk per day..they had the necesary calories. Nobody could drink milk...but farmers could consume yogurt...and cheese ( they lost some of the calories in the process ) - the hunters-gathereres not even that. So they had a evolution advantage - of having a grass-converter (livestock ) into calories...with highest efficiency possible for themself. Livestock in agricultural societys was limited a resurces that could not feed 10.000 of people( a few cows here and there ) . But for PIE, livestock was able to feed a population on the move that was in constant war..with a better outcome regarding drought and soil depletion, and with the posibility to consume milk they got the maximum from it...( calories wise ) They probably had 8 -10 children per women and expanded at such a major ratio, waged war and dominated everyone that they encontered. By 10-15 generations they would have outbreed, killed and intermaried with everyone. War was the factor that killed ( and maybe other ecological factors ) : Old Europe / Cututeni Civilization - and with the colapse of the agrarian civilization also the population that could offer resistance decresed. Eventualy they intermingled and became the ancient populations that we know today. ( celts, latins, germans, thacians...etc ).

I love my milk and beer drinking cart driving ancestors! DNA U152

I'm Indo European Kurdish from Anatolia :))

As an Iranian: you are on point: friend. 👏🏻

Absolutely prosperous video as always, heryos! 15:24 lol'd :-D

thank u so much for this! I'm sick of being propagandized and rootless in the modern era

Indo Europeans had a military advantage due to their larger tribal networks derived from a more mobile lifestyle developed in the western steppes. Essentially that meant that they where able to muster larger armies than their opponents could which was always a big help in winning battles. Later, superior chariot and horse warfare played a bigger factor than 'the network'.

I liked watching your video very much! It points out many interesting aspects in my own language, which is Czech. I know that there is some recent esoteric-like movement around Slavic culture, but fact is, that Slavic languages preserved many interesting contexts from the past. You mentioned "bear" in Russian. In Czech it's the same- "medvěd" which actually mean "honey-knower". The root "věd" is very widesperad and important in Slavic languages with numerous connections. Czech language as an example- Vědět (arch. věděti) - to know Věda - science (see sanskrit "veda" - knowledge) Vědění - knowledge Vědomí - consciousness Vědma - she enchanter, fortune teller (someone who 'knows' in spiritual sense) . . . and many other words delivered from this root "ved" which seems to be proto IE. See for example famous celtic druids originating from *dru-wid - "tree-knowers" (in current Czech it would be "dře-věd" 😃 ). Although the Baltic languages are more archaic members of Balto-Slavic language branch, the Slavic ones preserved so much context and it makes them fun to learn - unlike languages with many loanwords you don't need to get explanation to every word, because you can trace their meaning by their context. Cheers and keep going! 😃

This is the sort of topic I want to start spending my life studying someday, thank you for sharing this information.

The story of humanity and its separate cultures has always fascinated me, this is so amazing for me, your videos or so awesome, as a young adult I don't have much knowledge of these lesser known older histories that are highly debated but this is understandable, interesting, and educational. I just found your channel and you're awesome! Thank you

Watching: "Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans?" at 4 a.m. My family: Sleeps Me: Oh, thats a good question

Found many similiarities between my language here, Lithuanian, the oldest Indo European language still spoken in Europe today. Koros - karas (war), kory - kariai (soldiers), ikis - akis (eye, Sanskrit), ignis - ugnis (fire), and so on. Interestingly, similiarities still remain in words that were relevant in such ancient times like to describe conflics and war, basic tools, body, dieties. Interesting stuff.

Always been interested on your view on genetics and Indo-Europeans. The green screen is a bold move.

The bear taboo. Something I heard about from my father some fifteen years ago and ever since that, I'm fascinated with it. Lovely video. Our history is soo amazing!

Brilliant work my friend,thanyou,best wishes

Rktos reminds me of the l'os - the French for bear - also the word Arctic. Dyeus reminds me of Zeus - as I think you said, plus Dios and Dieu, the Spanish and French words for God respectively. Heryos may be the cognate of Aryan but it also reminds me of heir, as in descendant, a similar idea to kinsman. This is an immensely interesting video, and thank you for making it, and I say this as a relative newcomer to linguistics. The only thing I'd say is that your (undoubtedly lovely) face hid a lot of the maps and charts in the video for a lot of the time, and maybe you could remedy that in the future. This is the first of your videos I've seen though, so you may have sorted that by this time - January 2019. Thank you so much for the video!

"Medved" is the one who knows (where the) honey (is). "Med" is the honey in most slavic languages and "ved" is related to knowledge like "Vede", Hindu (holy?) books that basically mean "knowledge".

Post-larnygeal late IE words: Relating to agriculture: aksis - axle qéqlos - wheel dreibō/wregō - I drive éḱwos - horse woghnos/woghos - wagon, cart yugóm - yoke Relating to war and conflict: ḱóros - war, struggle ḱóryos, strātos - troops, army ṇsis, kladyos - sword waldhō - I am powerful, I possess, I prevail Relating to patriarchal society: déms potis - master of the house wedhō - I lead, I guide (sneubhō is more used as "to wed", which is where Greek gets nymph from.) réǵs - king wedō (but also serō or yungō) - I join together wednos - bride price, dowry sneubhā, snusós - daughter-in-law Miscellenous words: bhrewō - I brew (brewṛ "brewer") álumṇ, sudhyom - beer gheislos - hostage, prisoner ghóstis - host ghóstipots - guest cōus (c represents gw) - cow peḱu - cattle oitos/loughyom - oath agóm/spṛdyom - contest apóqitis/qoinā -revenge woinos - wine Relating to society: bhlendhos/bhḷwós - blonde-haired, red-haired wéiḱs settlement, village wéiḱō - I settle, I inhabit wéiḱpotis/deuks - chieftain eryós - nobleman, kinsman nṛ, teutā - people, tribe genos - race, kin neros - hero Gods (deiwós, dhēs): Dyēus Pətḗr - Zeus, Jupiter, Tyr, Dyauṣ Pitā (God of the sky, husband of Diwónā) Diwónā - Juno, Diana, Dione, Dēvī (Goddess of marriage, women, marriage, fertility, cows, grain, the land and sovereignty) Sāwḷ - Sol, Sól, Helios (from Sāwelyos), Surya, sister of Mḗnōts, god of the moon Swéns qéqlos - Sun wheel, wheel of the sun, Diwós oqos "eye of Dyeus" Mḗnōts - Mene, Máni, Meno, Mēn Perqū́nos - Parjanya, Perkuns, Perun, Pērkons (God of storms, and the cloudy sky) Yemós - Yama, Yemir, Yima, Remus (earlier Vayu, Vėjas, Venti, Vejapatis Áusros (East, wind of prophecy and change) Súnteros (South, wind of prosperity and creation) Wéspros (West, wind of knowledge and mystery) Ḱḗweros (North, wind of war and death) Ṇgórā Déiwōm (assembly of the gods, established by Dyeus) Néktēr (The drink that keeps the gods immortal, stolen by the Déiwōs from the Dhwosōs) Dhéǵhōm (Earth, land of humans) “Earth” Dhǵhómonēs (Human beings, made by Manus from ash trees) ■ Ánsūs (chthonic gods) Wélṇos - Veles, Vala/Varuna, Ullr, Vellaunos, Vēlinas, Walis (God of the underworld, male fertility, husband of Príyā. Fought Perqū́nos in the form of a serpent, Ṇchis, or Ṇgwis "snake"). Príyā (Wife of Welṇos, goddess of love, beauty, fertility, gardens, summer, and youth) > Frigga, Priya, Priye, Frya Dánu - Danu, Dānu (Wife of Áqōm Népot, goddess of rivers, healing, and prosperity, mother of tribes) Dhéghōm Mā́tēr (Pḷtwyā́ Mā́tēr) - Demeter, Gaia, Zeme, Prithvi Mater, Lelwani, Litavis, Mati Syra Zemlja, Žemyna (Mother goddess of the earth, plants, nature, fertility, motherhood, food, cooking, and agriculture, wife of Perqū́nos) Wḷkānos - Vulcanus, Ulkan, Varcas, Velchanos (God of fire and Blacksmiths) Pā́usōn - Pan, Pashupati, Puṣan, Faunus (psychopomp of the dead, God of the wild, part-man part goat, sings and dances) Trī́tōn - Triton (Son of Ák w ōm Népot, god of the sea and sailors) Álbhōs (Spirits of Nature) > Elves, Ṛbhu ○ Dréwyōs (Forest Spirits) > Dryads ○ Chédhruōs (Ḱorjōs) (Warrior spirits who accompany Perqū́nos, collecting the souls of those who die in battle) ○ Cháisōs (Mountain and Mist Spirits) ○ Chóndherwōs (Centaurs) ○ Nā́trīkēs (Ocean Spirits) ○ Néicēs/Néigwēs (Freshwater Spirits) ○ Serényéwes (Avenging furies, Sirens) > sirens, saranyas ● Mórinās (Snéntyās) (The three fates) “Weavers, Assignors, Alloters” > Moiriai, Parcae, Norns ○ Ṛ́tā (Past) “Order” > Urðr ○ Wérontyā (Present) > Verðandi ○ Skólyā (Future) > Skuld Récis/Régwis, Awónā (Flaming well that waters the g w īdoru, guarded by Áqōm Népots) “Deep place; Great Well” Bhúdhmṇ/Mori (Underworld, land of the dead and the dhwṓsōs, the sea) “bottom” Dhwósōs (demons, outsiders) ○ Ǵéronts (Ferryman of souls to the underworld) “Old Man” > Charon ○ Gā́gontes (Primeval giants, waged war against the Déiwōs) ○ Ḱeméros (giant bore who accompanies Ḱolyos) ○ Ḱérberos (Three headed giant dog who guards the underworld) ”Growler" > Cerberus, śarbala *k̑érberos Ḱólyos (Goddess of death and the underworld) > Kalypso, Hel, Śarva(?) With the afterlife, like the cycle of time, your soul get reincarnated after being in the underworld for some time (i.e. metempsychosis). And yes, both the bear, and the wolf, in Indo-European society were referred to by euphorisms because they believed if you said their names the animal would come after you. This also explains why Vikings raided while wearing the skin of a bear and acted like a bear. It was a way to overcome that fear. I am devoted to worshiping the Indo-European gods in their proto-form. Practices have been reconstructed to practice Proto-Indo-European religion. As for the creation myth, I have studied it, and made it poetic much like to that to the style of Ovid. Deiwóns kṃti twéd esonti! (May the Gods be with you!) :)

Love the synths man, your stories are great

So many words recognizable in Dutch, German, English or Latin. Fascinating, thank you.

11:00 finally Slavs connection in Indoeuropean History 😀 good point

Very nicely explained. I've also heard that the spread of the Proto Indo Europeans can be partially explained by the emergence of the genetic mutation that allowed for the digestion of milk thus greatly favouring children's survival into adulthood. Thanks for the videos.

The quality of the Jive Survivor's content is matched by the comments. Kudos to all.

My name is armin(arian) from iran (the land of ariyans) and i speak Persian(a direct descendent of Avestan) i have a bronze skin color with pitch black hairs and large black eyes, i don't look northern european yet i am proud of my indo-european ancestors :)

just when you said cattle in creation i had a moment of clarity, in Norse mythology all water on earth came from the utters of a cow, and in Hinduism cows are very important, those are the two least similar and geographically most distant branches of the family connect, by super cows

Your content is MINT Love the channel!

First video ive seen and I already subscribed few mins in!!!

Between you and Cregonford, i’m learning a lot. thanks :) 🌷🌱

Intelligent and well constructed video.

Awesome video StJ. And i'am really holding back in saying that. Maby a nice fact to add on how common bears probably were in these lands. In Xanten Germany they unearthed a Roman city and with that the foundation of a Roman Amfitheater (gladiator arena) which they rebuild and also can be seen. Go there, really. Anyways they also found a stone "manuscript" which read they catched fifty adult bears in six weeks for a tournament within the surrounding area that is the forests among the rhine river. imagine that without modern technologie in 6 weeks. And this was around the end of the first century AD, which is much later. Anyways looking forward to you next vid, great stuff!

hah 'gosti' in Slavic also means guests haha the exact same word

I'd like to mention how i realized that the Slavic Indo-European branch has some striking similarities with Sanskrit,and even Proto Indo European that you referenced some words from.Like for example : Ghosti ( Guest / Host ) in Southern Slavic languages Gosti means Guest-s and Gost means Guest.Just a bit of a fun fact,i am no linguist but there it is.

Also, if you want traces of the I-E creation myth and cattle, there is a Perun myth about his cattle being stolen by Veles which he then goes to retrieve because he is a warrior god who is not to be messed with, and since Veles is a shapeshifter who can take animal forms he causes trouble. There is also a story about Perun killing a giant serpent in the mountains which is related as well. But you probably know that because Thor does the same thing. Another interesting fact is the Vales is also called ''skotiyi bog/stočni bog'' meaning the ''cattle god'', and his name is related linguistically to Völsi, the Nordic fertility, phallus cult which I believe is also related to cattle and horses.

Just few modern Hindi words straight from proto indo European with exact meaning. gwous - gaus - cow ( cattle ) sprd - Spardha - contest

Very high quality videos. Thank you. However regarding the wheel: the oldest wheel to date was found in what is now Slovenia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljubljana_Marshes_Wheel It is 5000 years old. Found near Ljubljana which is subalpine region of the country.

Survive the Jive I enjoy a lot of your content I can tell you & me have common interests.

Hey man would you be able to recommend a good genetic testing company? I am afraid to go with ancestry or 23andme because they own your genetic info.

Great explanation! Helped me a lot

Great video mate. Thanks a lot.

Excellent job on this video man. You've educated me on this subject. Very cool to see from where I people came.

My father gave me The Horse the Wheel and Language at age 14. Fascinating stuff. Drove an interest in indo-europeans

Re: "tewteh" or "people" survives in the Irish word "tuatha" meaning "tribe" or "people." Famously, the Irish pantheon is called Tuatha Dé Danaan, or the tribe of the goddess Danú. Her name is cognate with dána meaning "art" and may also be related to the English word "dawn," indicating the basic sun-moon-stars consciousness that prompts many religions.

Good stuff. Loved this one

Thank you for this video. It gave me a new insights on understanding Indo European culture.

Considering a lot of people disliked this clearly proves your point about this topic being controversial. Btw, that was not a hate comment.

I've got examples of possibly related words to the examples at the 8 minute in the video. These are from southern slavic languages: Sprd - identical word with different meaning : A parody, usually used to refer to funny plays. (Perhaps the culture was more nuanced and they didn't just compete with racing and fighting). Kwoyneh - Klanje : Slaughter (pretty easy to connect the dots) Gwous - Gvozde/Gvozdže/Gvozdenje : Iron chains which were used to tie cattle and prisoners. Ghosti and wihon are pretty much identical just written differently.

Learning a lot, glad I subsribed.

Please try to do a video on The Runes and explain what you can about them.

Very interesting, but I wish you hadn't mentioned the "bear" word. Now I am nervous every time I walk outside!

2 things : - the proto-indo-european word for sun is *sóh₂wl̥ , and it's neutral... and it rapidly turned into *sawelios which is male. So the sun was actually initially male. - the yamnaya had dark eyes. The blue eyes genetic variant is absent from the yamnaya gene pool (Morten E. Allentoft study)

interesting topic! It always amazes me to find similarities between russian, swedish and italian...

You're archeological knowledge is very interesting.

I've got to say, I'm a simple man. I see an STJ video, I like.

Interesting words at 8:20 , I can relate them to Sanskrit - 1. Bahvasav -> Breuh -> to make beer (asav) 2. Goshthi - > Ghosti -> to discuss in group 3. Gaus/Gau -> Gwous -> Cows ( cattle) 4. Spardha -> Sprd -> to compete 5. Vaik/Viz/Vansa (विश्) -> Weik -> Clan/lineage 6. Vaikpati - > Weik-potis -> Head of Clan But I am unable to relate Heryos with Aryas.

I like your content, never thought I would say this about a far-right channel but you're a very respectful guy with a lot of knowledge of stuff that is very interesting so I'm going to keep binge watching your videos, I don't really care about your leanings, you're cool and respectful

Personally I'd be really interested if you could do a video about the proto-indo-european bear cult. That sounds fascinating

as an Persian the word Aryan is something we have always used to describe ourselves with, from writing of great poems and authors to Kings from the old Persian empire, even to this day we still care about the fact that we are part of the Aryan race

The not naming the bear story is the same among old Alaska natives. Athabascan and Denina people would just refer to bears as big animals. A similar way of dealing with bears as the Aryan. Perhaps.

Amazing research. Great presentation. Good form

Thank you very much for creating the video. BTW it is worth to know that the Russian language is largely Sanskrit. Basic math numbers in English, Russian, and the Sanskrit: ENG RUSS SANSKRIT One Odin Ekam Two Dva Dve Three Tri Tri Four Chetyre Chatura Five Pyat Pajca Six Shest Sast Seven Sem Sapta Eight Vosem Asta Nine Devyat Navan Ten Decyat Dasa You can tell that the Russian and Sanskrit numbers basically identical for the most part. Also there is another hypothesis where the Aryan name comes from. There used to be in the distant past a land called HAAR it was in eastern Siberia around area of lake Baikal. The people who lived there were called H'aryans. And there was a continent on the north pole that supposedly sunk called DAAR (Hyperborea, which was actually a 5 island complex: Mount Meru in the center - the pole itself and the islands Dara, Rae, Svarga, and Thule). And they were called D'aryans. So they just combined the two words in to short Aryans. If you google up the Book of Wisdom of Perun, the very first chapters refer to the D'Aryan and the H'Aryan kin.

Regarding bears, if you've ever seen a live bear in the forest you KNOW that our ancestors respected them. Anything else would be foolish. They didn't have guns back then. I can only imagine the terror you feel as a bear is charging you. Yeah you might be able to kill it with a bunch of spears and good hunting party, but it's just as likely that the bear will take one or two with you to the grave.

awesome video!

Did I detect a sliver of Burzum there? Great video by the way, very interesting subject.

Would be interesting to see all the europaen groups at the chart (from 3:39 onwards). Big parts are missing, for example Germany, Poland, Denmark, Romania .

About wolves and bears: in Romania in some mountainous areas amongst the shepherds one would avoid to call the predators by the name because it is believed that doing so it is as you want to sacrifice something to them and they would come and take their share

Thank you for this!

Great video, mate. I study things from a very Hiberno-centric perspective. Your video really made sense of the larger perspectives on genetic makeup for me. For example, my DNA is about 50% WHG, 40% EWF, 10% Yamnaya, I am 7/8 Irish/Ulster Scots, and 1/8 Welsh/Cornish though the niece of Bishop William Weathers. Personally, I believe the Yamnaya represent the Tuatha De Danann of Irish history, the EWF the Milesians, and the WHG either the Fomorians or the Fir Bolg, though currently my money's on the Fomorians presently. First I have heard of this Bear religion. Some interesting facts. Bear bones with marks from being butchered by humans have been found in the North of Ireland dating to 12,500 YBP. This is the first evidence of human habitation of Ireland. Bears obviously brought over by boat along by the WHG to Ireland are most closely related to Spanish bears, unless the bears themselves somehow migrated from Spain. I am quite certain that the Yamnaya and the EWF arrived in Ireland at about the same time, and that the EWF are from probably a pre-Yamnaya or proto-Yamnaya culture, possibly more Western than Eastern oriented. In any event, in the yDNA group my own DNA is a part of (DF-21), three of the six major groups are associated with the three sons of Queen Meadhbh of Connacht and Fergus mac Roich of Ulster, and two of the other three with contemporaries of their in the Tain Bo Cuailgne i.e. the Seven Septs of Laois descended from Conall Cearnach. The Tain is impossible to date, but popularly thought to have occurred in the first century B.C.E. However, all these SNPs diverged about 4000 YBP. Is it possible that the Tain Bo Cuailgne dates to 2000 B.C.E. ? Ireland has the oldest history of any European country, and the oldest written history of any country except Greece and Rome. In my opinion, the Tain may describe a sort of culture clash between the Yamnaya, and their eventual conquerors in Ireland, the Milesians. From the context of the stories, it would seem that the Milesians arrived in Ireland (or possibly rose to prominence having already been resident) shortly after the invasion of the Yamnaya/Tuatha De Danann (i.e. Rathlin 1, 2 & 3) and that the three kings of the Tuatha De Danann defeated by the sons of Milesius were likely either Conmac, Corc, and Ciar, or their near descendants.

I would like to hear your thoughts on the Basque people. Why are they so different linguistically from other Europeans? Also, what happened to the pre Celtic people of Britain that built Stonehenge? How much of their DNA is in modern Brits? Thanks for your videos.

Something came to mind when you mentioned the IE root word Heryos and that other words besides Aryan may derive from it. Do you think it's possible "heritage" and "inherit" are examples of this?

Curious about the bear worship and euphemisms possibly being derived from contact with Uralic peoples, or perhaps an earlier ANE component. Avoiding the name of sacred/feared/revered animals is a common trait in Finno-Ugric languages, not limited to bears. In Hungarians "szarvas" is the word for deer which derives from "horned one", "farkas" for wolf meaning "tailed one". Northern Sami use the word "sarva" to refer to Moose/Elk with the same root for deer in Hungarian. I know this trait is present in Komi and Ob-Ugric languages as well, I do not yet know if this trait is present in Samoyedic or other Siberian languages (but bear worship certainly is). I'm not sure if the bear euphemism is present in indo-european languages other than those you mentioned, but they all stem from around the baltic sea and as such would have had extensive contact with Uralic groups, especially Finns and Sami. Russians in particular have heritage from a lot of assimilated Finno-Ugric tribes, and the Nordic peoples certainly have had plenty of contact with Finnic groups and cultural exchange. Bear cults are common across north Eurasia from the Finns to Khanty to Nganasan to the Nivkh and Ainu. All these groups have notable ANE heritage, so it could go that far back, or possibly be from more recent migrations and cultural exchange....

I like how you‘ve squeezed Burzum in 👌🏻

The research is not only scientific but logical too. Being an Indian from North India I can clearly see the common sense behind the theory of Aryan migration. I know the fanatic Brhamanical (Hindu) establishment trying hard to counter the argument by hook and crook only to impose a lie that Indo-Aryans were native to Indian subcontinent just because they cant digest the fact that the ideas on which Hindu philosophy and mythology is based is foreign, and by accepting this fact they cant abuse the other ideologies that came to India from foreign lands later, as 'outsiders'. By accepting the truth of Aryan migration they lose the false notion of being 'native' and so the sole masters of the land. Great Indian anthropologist Rahul Sankrityayan in his famous "From Volga To Ganga" (1942) beautifully, though through fiction, narrates the story of migration of the eastern branch of the Indo-Aryans from southern Russia to northern India via Oxus valley. I have translated the magnum-opus into Punjabi, a language that developed on the border of India and Iran and is closest to Sanskrit, the language of the Indo-Aryans of this branch. Even all the Vedas the sacred texts of the Indian Aryans were composed in the Punjab region, around 1500 BCE, after they had finally settled in the Gengetic planes of Northern India.

"No bears gonna show up?" Mate I wish. Can you imagine if we could finally have Lynxes Bears Wolves etc. wandering around in our hills and forests? We really have neglected our natural habitats, it's a bloody shame. I wonder if their respect for these Animals stems from a purely survivalist intent or a respect for their aspects, which would tie them to the divine. I mean, surely if you have a God that represents motherhood, and you kill a mother bear, exemplifying the virtue of motherhood that that God also represents, that would be greatly endangering the Mothers of your tribe by angering this God. They probably just didn't want to get eaten, but its fun to play around with these ideas. Also, on cycles, the same concept applies here in the Welsh Celtic cultures, which have a huge theme of death being a means of rebirth, or transformation, which is reflected in our poems and legends. The more fatalistic Abrahamic view of time being one straight line of beginning and end I find is much less appealing than the ancient view of time being circular. A lot of our art is circular as well, and usually conotates not only cycles, but also trifectas and dualistic concepts, such as the sun and moon, the land and sky, the body mind and soul, Birth life and death etc. Interlinking concepts plays a large role in Welsh spirituality, I don't know if this is shared in other parts of Europe, I know Ireland and Scotland also share this love of connections between facets of reality. Thank you for the interesting video, you never disappoint!

Amazing one of the best channels on youtube! Very indo-european.

I really like this video this was really cool. One more thing though is that in the vedic writings there is also mention of a sky father, he is dyauspitr. So that is also a cultural derivative.

Why the dislikes? Cant people even deal with scientific facts these days?