Why China Built an Antenna Bigger Than NYC 

For the curious, the Northern Wisconsin/UP site was chosen because the bedrock in the region is particularly low conductivity.

My take away from this video is that I refuse to believe Sam can grow a beard that requires him to shave

Conceptually, pretty good video. My Emag prof supposed worked on Project Sanguine. When we learned about skin depth, the process you mentioned where signals attentuate the further down you go through water, our homework was to calculate the depth a VHF signal would go, and then calculate the required frequency to hit the depth they wanted for the actual Project Sanguine

Something for the next mistakes video. You showed a reindeer on screen when you were saying that those forests were now full of elk.

There actually isn’t very many Elk here in Wisconsin. They have been trying to repopulate the state with them tho. That field would more likely be filled with whitetail deer.

If the antenna is the size of a city, why don't we just move people into the antenna and help ease some of the housing issues

where are my bricks

1:13 this should be 1,000-100,000 kilometers, not 1,000-10,000 (or alternatively, the frequency should be 30-300 Hz rather than 3-300) Edit: according to wikipedia, it is 3-30Hz i.e. 10,000-100,000km, meaning both your given frequency and wavelength are wrong. No idea how that mistake was made

Unfortunately the US navy won't let me use their antenna to send messages to my mermaid girlfriend, so I have to keep waiting for her to surface, which so far hasn't happened yet.

“Speak soFLty” @ 5:45 for Every Mistake VII

If USN abandoned ELF it's because they have something better.

I've visited the the VLF Transmitter Cutler up in Cutler, Maine. It's only VLF and not ELF so it's not 100's of miles long, but it's still a pretty cool site. Maine was chosen as the location since it's the closest point in the US to most parts of the North Atlantic.

Cheapskate wouldn't get Amy a trip to a Chinese nuclear sub. Where's the hard-hitting investigative journalism we all expect from HAI?

Actually having a towed communication buoy does not affect stealth that much. The buoy could still be underwater, just carefully adjusted so that it is in the depth where it can transmit with normal long range communications.

5:45 Soflty? I guess you need material for the annual video on mistakes lol.

At 5:46 “softly” is spelled wrong! We’ll see if it shows up in the yearly mistakes video

How could the writers miss “Elk instead of ELF”?? 😢

This brings up something I have been thinking about. The switch from 4G to 5G was actually rather difficult because in order to give better speeds, the waves are smaller, and thus makes you lose signal more easily. I havent thought about it enough to look up the plan got 6G, but I wonder how they plan to mitigate that

The Navy shut down the ELF system because it was replaced with an enhanced VLF system. That's an important detail.

The Guardamar tower in Spain is a similar thing, and also the tallest tower in the EU.

What about the Jim Creek ULF antenna that’s the size of an entire mountain valley? That thing goes around the entire world and communicates with submarines

I was just reading about ELF waves yesterday! Radio waves are so interesting to me.

Great Bowling for Soup reference 👏

The warmest and most comfortable "camping" I have ever had was in a tipee. 🙂🇨🇦

Anyone else catch that Bowling for Soup lyric? 3:32

Extremely low frequency (ELF) waves, with a frequency of between 3 and 300 Herz, are the lowest band in the radio spectrum, and have the ability to travel through the ionosphere and pass through obstacles such as mountains and seawater without losing their signal. This makes them ideal for communication with submarines, which cannot use normal radio communications below the ocean's thermocline. Four countries, including the US, have built ELF communication systems. The US Navy's system was built during the Cold War and comprised two giant antennas that could transmit to any submarine in the world. The Clam Lake site was completed in 1985 and the Republic site four years later, with the two connected via underground cable to function as one giant 148 metre antenna. ELF waves transmit information extremely slowly, taking about 15 minutes to send just three characters. Submarines receive character codes but cannot transmit audio, making ELF signals sufficient for a "poke" but not a conversation.

5:45 - Softly is misspelled.

Ya spelt “softly” wrong at 5:45. I wonder if this will make it into the yearly video of everything that they got wrong

3:41 I'm afraid Steel Panther did not yet exist in the 80s. They were, in fact, founded in the 2000s as a _parody_ on 80s glam metal.

1985 reference goes hard

This video is an ELI5 for a chinese antenna and i freaking love itttttt. And its music on MTV..... not ELFs to the sea lmao

Ants have ant-ennas.

Oof that stock music all the way through was a bit rough

Much Love from Philly ❤🤟🏼

That explains why they were sending Data collection balloons

Seems to me you could get a lot more done with just a few characters if you had a translation codebook. In other words, you have a book with the most common things you need to communicate, and then you number them. The first 10 are the most often used Commands, and then the next 90 are some less frequent but still common commands. Obviously you can’t necessarily communicate go to an arbitrary spot, but you could certainly communicate the most common places that the submarines needed deploy, and of course the first and shortest message would be “in danger, flee.”

that zoom in on the elk cracked me up xD

Thank you for knowing UP.

Hey man! Is the hanson code expired? What an amazing product, thanks to share besides interesting info also great products

As a Yooper I can confirm that is a word we use

China: I have bigger antenna USA: (cough ) that what she said (coughing) China:so childish america.

Nuclear submarines don’t generally cruise at 1000 km and ELF Antennas can only penetrate seawater up to a couple of hundred meters

It's the Sunn O))) radio station!

KLF (kinda low frequency) isn't as modern as ELF, but it's justified and ancient.

ULF - Giving me flashbacks to Manifest 😮

5:42 "speak *soflty,* and carry a big stick, you'll go far" who else noticed this?

2:56 Crimea isn't a part of Russia.

The brown note 😧

I thought ELF waves were waves that Santa Claus rode when he's on vacation.

3:27 Ok so there's definitely something wrong with my mind, it's probably best if no one knows what I'm getting at.

5:05 what Elk??

5:05 You missed the perfect opportunity to say "mostly full of elk instead of elf"

There is a massive one in washington state near darrington

are ELF broadcasts encrypted? If not, what stops adversaries from intercepting all comms?

The music in this was fun and all, but I found it so loud as to be distracting. I had to rewind a few times to catch stuff I'd missed. :( ... Unless the point was to sneakily increase total watch time. In which case, well done!

Aren't ELF almost overlapping with sound waves as it's probably the hum sound that emits high voltage transformers and wires? Also is such an antenna the equivalent to a spread out electrostatic speaker?

I didn't even know waves could be that big^^

3:34 Bowling for views there, HAI

Waves are hard to imagine

And tennis.

"Wonk" is my favorite new shorthand for attenuation. Who needs all those syllables?

spelling mistake on theodore's second appearance "soflty" instead of "softly"

Love that "1985" song reference 😄

5:52 the km^2 measurements are formatted incorrectly 36259,834 should be 36,259,834

Yes! Love a bit of BFS

I love watching videos about waves. I love waving with my fwiends at the pawty. We get piss dwunk and do lots of dwugs off the backs of pwostitutes.

Is this a stealth promo for "The Three Body Problem"?

Lol this hensen razor thing is just a normal safety razor with old school blades. I have one myself they are pretty xool butyou don't need 'aerospace' ingeniering for that

I think the engineers at henson don't know what an electric shaver can do

Did Ben write that Santa’s elf line? Sounds like a Ben line. If it wasn’t Ben and it was someone else, I do not apologize because that means you are Ben funny, which is a huge win for you

5:45 soflty :D

"Sneaky Stealthy Submarines" t-shirt, please. I'll buy 10.

"u up" is 4 characters

lets go we got a yooper shout out

Michigan mentioned 🗣🗣🗣❗️🗣❗️❗️

5:05 that's a deer, not an elk.

Wisconsin only has 470ish elk tho

2:14 this

3:16 Holy shit they were gonna eat half my home state

5:44 typo "soflty"

5:42 "Speak so*fl*ty"

5:47 "Speak soflty" HAI mistakes video

Interesting video, but the sponsor bothers me. The talking points feature a razor where you only have to change the blades? That's how safety razors have worked for over a century! Basically the same design was used in World War 1!

Found a typo for your yearly mistakes video: it's "Speak Soflty", not "Speak Softly" near the end of the video

4:30 being petite in the hopes of a mistake video... "u up" would be 4 characters as you would need to encode the space in the message also 😅

What about manscaped

Uh, they're clearly trying to contact the Trisolarans.

Code doesn’t work on uk site 😢😢

Sam that is a deer not an Elk haha

METRIC UNITS ??

ALF waves.

I love bowling for soup

5:05 HOW did y'all miss the opportunity to say "full of elk, instead of ELF"

Doesn't germany have a system like that? DHO38

so just a few cents for the blades, and the offer is 100 blades? who wrote this lol

My millennial ass when I hear zoomer Sam dropping a Bowling for Soup reference *imagine crossed arm guy meme embedded into this comment*

Razor = blade what you advertised was a handle. Please try to be more accurate. The handle can last forever but razor blades only last a few days and the handle basically contributes little to the shaving process.

There's no elk in Wisconsin or Michigan I hate to break it to you.

Lmao

holy the amount of bots in the comments is to damn high. I wonder how bad it has to get before YT decides to do something about this. at this rate we can count the days before there are more bot than real user comments