Einstein was once asked why he was not able to finish his grand theory of everything. He replied there was this Indian guy calling him every other day.
If I were the judge, I would have countered your argument at first instance by telling you that the question is not about who was in motion but who caused that motion to happen. So It was you who caused the motion of your surrounding. 😀
Shame that Einsteins hypothesis is totally wrong. I mean it has unrecoverable errors that make the theory impossible nonsense. No one cares enough to discuss what the problems are. They are happy to believe the irrational.
though much simpler explanation is that speed of light is not about light but about causality, and since light is a gauge boson, carrier of e/m interaction (i.e. causality), and since interaction defines time itself - it's by definition that speed (which is derived from time) of light is the same in all inertial frames of reference
@@z08840 The speed of light is the speed of light. "Causality" is an abstract idea, not something that you can measure how fast its moving. Stop mixing up fantasy concepts with real Physics. There is no such thing as a gauge boson, that is also an idea. And a silly one at that. The measure of light speed is NOT the same in all frames of reference, that fantasy is irrational.
Did not understand this as an undergrad over a half-century ago. Went on to get PhD in math a few years later and had a 45-year career as a math professor, never really understanding this.... And now? This presentation was Magnificent! Thank you so much! OH, AND YES! PLEASE DO SHOW THE ALGEBRA/ GEOMETRY IN A FUTURE VIDEO!
When I was younger, the example at 15:25 boggled my mind, thinking that the speed of a spaceship and the light emitted from the spaceship's headlights would add up, and should be faster than the speed of light. LOL Silly me, now we know that the speed of light appears to be the same for all observers, both on the ship and the outside.
Evidences for Varying Speed of Light with TimeGiuseppe Pipino Technical High School, ITIS Malignani, Udine, Italy. DOI: 10.4236/jhepgc.2019.52022 PDF HTML XML 836 Downloads 3,392 Views Citations Abstract Aims: The paper explores the hypothesis that the speed of light c is decreasing over time at rate (dc/dt)=-H⋅ c, H being the Hubble constant. This hypothesis differs from the so-called tired light, in which the velocity c is supposed to vary during the journey of photons in the empty space for some frictional mechanism. In the hypothesis of the author the speed c, during this journey, is assumed constant. In this way the problems of the tired hypothesis are overcome. Methods: The paper links the variation dc/dt with the Hubble constant and infers a value of dc/dt from the difference between the value of the variation of the Earth-Moon distance measured by the Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment and the tidal effect. Results: Under the hypothesis c time varying, we explain: 1) The cosmological redshift. 2) The anomalous acceleration ap ≈ -8 × 10-10 m⋅sec-2, measured for some spacecrafts. 3) The high redshift of supernovae Ia, which seems to evidence an acceleration of the expansion of the universe. 4) The peripheral motion of stars in galaxies around their rotational centre. 5) The dilation of the light curves observed for supernovae Ia.
This is why Einstein said "Imagination is more important than knowledge". I'm proud of myself!! 🤓Today, for the first time in my life, I imagined outcomes of special theory of relativity. Thanks Mahesh. Please do the next part of the video.
indians helping random youtubers is stepping up from voice and notepad text tutorials to this masterpiece. sir u answered the questions i had been looking for in such an elegant way i salute you
@@Brianboru-k8y it is not a medium, if it is a medium what is this medium made of ? a medium is a field of material/matter what waves propagate in spacetime is not that
We need to get this guy to 1m subs. I watch a ton of science communication channels, all the heavy hitters, and this guy far and away does the best job of walking through these problems in an intuitive way.
What an awesome video! Since high school I have not been able to capture or understand this intuition well, and 26 years later you have succeeded. Thanks so much. I think one of the MAIN reason students can't get the intuition is that any attempt to explain relativity starts with "person in a vehicle" vs the "person standing" metaphor. That is such a counterintuitive example. Human experience of a car or train or a plane is that of a transportation machine. They move in all of human experience. To put us in the shoes of the person inside the car, and then thinking that the person standing is the one actually moving, is extremely challenging and goes against our experience of world. I think educators should discard this example. The relative motion perspective that helped me is: Imagine two infinite escalators moving at constant velocity in opposite directions, next to each other (They don't wobble, or make sound, there are no walls, nothing to refer their motion). There is a person standing on each, and these persons have no way to tell if they are moving. Their experience is that of standing on an infinite stair. And then they cross each other. Person 1 perceives that Person 2 is moving, while Person 2 perceives that Person 1 is moving. Neither is able to tell if they are themselves moving. Surely not the best example, but to my simple mind this example helps me more than the person in a car metaphor.
I like to think of two astronauts floating in space and moving closer to each other. Each astronaut will perceive that they are stationary themselves, and it is the other astronaut that is moving closer. There is no objective way of telling who is stationary and who is moving.
I am not physicist, so i am not sure how well it translates to the topic, but according to relative movement, there is even better comparison. Limit your peripheral sight in a car standing in parking lot. Then observe a neigboring carto move. You are not able to tell if is moving second car, or your brakes failed and you are the one moving.
But in the car x person standing still example one of them is moving while the other is not.. despite the fact that they can't feel wich of them is actually moving. In your example both of them are moving.
I always thought that I had a pretty good grasp on special relativity, but your explanation of the complete history of this theory really deepened my understanding a lot more. Thank you, beautiful video.
I've sat here for well over an hour this morning watching and rewatching this video, and for the first time I feel like I'm actually beginning to gain a decent layman's understanding of the characteristics and vagaries of the behavior of light and electromagnetic radiation in general. I really appreciate the presentation, as my son and I (both adults) really enjoy discussing physics related subjects. As a curious layman I am thankful for the easily accessible style you provide. Well done.
Fantastic conversation with your son at a dinner table: Dad: Hey Son can you pass the salt? Son: Dad at a relativistic speed, I would not need to pass you the salt, you can grab it yourself due to length contraction!!! Dad: Wrong you are assuming we are travelling in opposite directions.
@@GMan958So I had another take on the dinner conversation: Dad: Hey son, can you pass the salt? Son: Sorry dad, but at relativistic speeds it will require near infinite levels of energy to boost your speed even in minute increments such that you might eventually hope to catch up to and pass the salt shaker given its much lower initial mass. Maybe go on a diet and we'll hope for better next time. Dad: Tell you what, son, maybe just hand me the sodium and chlorine and I'll work it out myself.
I have never understood more about special relativity than I do now after watching your video. You are hands down the best science teacher I have ever seen. And I subscribe to every science channel on RU-vid. The first time you blew my mind was your explanation of angular momentum and electron spin. Now you have gone about and blown my mind a second time. I never thought it would even be possible to take the most complicated concepts that humanity has ever known and explain it in such an accessible way. You're channel is going to blow up. You're the next Khan Academy
@@Mahesh_ShenoyI studied aerospace engineering where there is a lot of physics involved and was always very interested in it (almost studied physics). While I didn't learn something new, your videos are absolutely fantastic and you manage to convey and instill a more intuitive understanding of complex topics. Please keep this up! High school and college / university kids everywhere will benefit greatly from these. I don't know if you have done so yet, but you should consider translating these. Or perhaps offering a lesson pack with the illustrations, where the English text can be replaced. If you need someone to help with the German side, I'd be happy to help!
@@Mahesh_Shenoy I have some challenges to the idea that the speed of light is constant: The speed of light ISN'T the same in all frames! In the 1905 paper Einstein used Lorentz equations which is based on the one way speed of light NOT being C and he NEVER EVER claimed the one way speed of light is C. The idea that it is C was added later and it is impossible, there is no math to explain how the speed of light can be C in all directions! If you ask most people, most physicists they will say that length contraction and time dilation make the speed of light C, but this ONLY works for the 2 way speed of light because a slower clock will make light seem faster in both he direction of travel and against. Lorentz contraction can help make light moving in the same direction still be C because while your velocity subtracts from it, your clock being slower means fewer tick of the clock would occur, and your ruler being shortened by contraction of space means the light has less distance to go, this speeds up the light your travel has otherwise slowed down. But what for light moving the opposite direction? Here the light would be too fast, and then a slower clock will record less time again and a shorter distance makes it shorter again! Light would be super-duper-superluminal! But you object "You can't measure the one way speed of light" Well, you can, if SR (Special Relativity) is correct then the attempts to synchronize are moving at the same speed so the one way speed of light can be measured but would always be C. If however SR is wrong and say Lorentz Ether Theory (The theory that preceded SR, makes the same predictions and not one iota of evidence disagrees with or favours SR over LET) then then while the synchronization might be an issue in a given frame, as soon as you change frame the synchronization would be insufficient to make the one way speed of light seem the same in each direction! So you can distinguish between these theories (though the experiment might not have been done) and if LET is right then there is a preferred frame, there is an Ether and time dilation and length contraction are absolute and relative to your motion through the Ether. Also I can easily give you ways to measure the preferred frame or I can give you scenarios where SR produces fatal paradoxes it can't recover from. The idea there isn't a preferred frame that it couldn't be detected is nonsense.
It's actually a simple concept and can be derived easily through simple thought experiments. It's just that it appears so counterintuitive when you first learn it, that makes it so hard to comprehend.
I have not seen any teacher explaining complicated ideas in a super easy and simplified way like you Mahesh. Thank you for helping me to get a deep understanding of many topics.
I never really truly grasp the true meaning of the special relativity, until i watched your video. Your style of teaching is really intuitive and easy to follow, even on complex topics. Love your work, and keep doing what you're doing, cheers.
It always blew my mind how Einstein - given the facts before him - was courageous enough to reach the logical conclusion that he did (that time can dilate and space can contract 🤯). And you took me though every step of 'his' thought process and logical deduction. It was beautiful.
The exciting dynamics you create when explains complicated stuff based on a supposed chat between you and Einstein, make things clear and so near to the audience that it feels that one can get in touch with you both. Became a big fan of your method for explaining difficult topics. Greetings.
Agreed. And it also shows the importance of coming up with a "maybe" then designing an experiment to establish the facts. Mahesh's style of explanation is superb.
Absolute mad respect!! I have been wondering about this for over 25yrs. Mugged up for exams, but could neither understand nor explain it. Looks like i finally understood why i always come across "inertial frame of reference " while reading this topic. You sire, have earned my respect today. 🎉
So good. Thanks for taking the time and effort to produce this video. The clearest explanation for the layman I've seen yet, of how we arrived at an understanding of special relativity. And your enthusiasm for the subject is infectious!
This was incredible. I really love it when educators walk us through the logic of HOW we arrived at our conclusions, including all the incorrect assumptions we made and discarded along the way. It really helps round out our understanding and motivation. This was really well made. Thanks so much
Honestly, even though I already had a previous solid grasp on the concept, this was the best, most intuitive and intelligible content I've ever watched on it. I'll be sure to recommend it to friends, and I'm now a subscriber. Seriously, you're doing an amazing job.
😭 I almost cried from finally understanding this (and feeling stupid) after reading books and watching videos that weren’t helping me. Thank you SO much! Not only that, it was because of the way you explained how we intuitively thought everything moves, and even how we tested light based on these intuitions that I actually understood BEFORE the video ended. Right when you talked about how we could make light move faster, I thought, wait…time slows down and also distance contracts in the direction of travel! That’s it! That’s why light is STILL traveling the same speed!
So far I've watched three of your videos. First - why we can never travel at the speed of light, second - why does light have no mass, and third - this one, why is speed of light equal in all frames. And I can say that they are amazing. The method you present a problem by asking questions regarding the previously understood explanations until you arrive at the end, at what you're trying to ultimately explain, is just great and easy to follow for anyone.
Wow. Just Wow. I've watched dozens of videos and read countless articles about relativity. I always just don't quite get it. This explanation is the best I've ever seen. I actually got to the end seeing what happens and not having to think, if you say so. Also your personalizing the presentation made it a little more fun!
I already know this stuff (as well as a layperson can), but having watched a couple of your videos now, your story-telling method of delivering the information and your infectious enthusiasm have given new life to these ideas! I wish I could offer more than just words of praise, but you are a great science communicator and I look forward to watching more and gaining new perspectives on things I thought I already knew!
After watching so many videos on time dilation i think this one satisfies the confusion my brain was having. Incredible work! Keep making such videos!!
This video is amazing! I have taken special relativity and listened to many related videos but this is the first time i've ever understood why lights speed is constant, rather than just that it is.
I have watched hundreds, if not thousands of videos on the same topic. A lot of them were great but this one greatly simplified it. As I love teaching, I always think of how it can be explained simply and covering every part. You have made one of the best videos. Great.
This is great: clear, easy to digest and to use to explain again. Could you do time dilation vs length contraction as a follow up? In which proportion do the 2 effects happen?
This is easily one of the best videos i’ve ever watched, and the best explanation of anything related to physics. I genuinely feel ecstatic from finally understanding all this stuff, i love you
I love the imagined conversation style of your videos. The narrative brings out a more complete background and context for the theories making them even more fascinating.
Let me tell, this is the single best video on youtube right now, your explanation is something most professors do not even know about and i was looking for this explanation for over two moths now thank you so much!!
I discovered your channel only recently and I absolutely LOVE IT! I have been watching physics videos for years, and yes even read books (God forbid!), and I never came across clearer and more intuitive explanations that do not seem to underestimate (or overtax) my intelligence. It is very telling that, on several occasions while watching your videos, I have thought to myself "Wait a minute... what about this?"... and the next thing out of your mouth is something along the lines of "Wait a minute... what about this?", and you provide the answer. Absolutely stellar work! Many thanks and please keep this up!
Bro, I have never understood so intuitively the topic of relativity until coming across your channel, please keep doing what you are doing. THANKS for distributing knowledge
this is the first vid I saw of yours and I subbed instantly. Your capacity to teach and communicate complicated subjects simply is beyond anything else ive seen.
Thank you for doing all this work. It always takes a lot of effort to understand what's happening in physics, and it's nice to have another person instead to make this effort from time to time.
I love your explanation! Building up step by step was so good for ultimately understanding wtf time dilation is and how it explains the speed of light stuff. Thank you for this!
You are a genius. I have already watched many videos about these theories, but with you it is so simple and understandable. I thought I already understood it, but now I discover the true basis of these elements in a clear way without complicated formulas. thank you
@@Mahesh_Shenoy Relativity predicts moving inertial observers will see each others space contract and time dilate. This is a complete contradiction and shows that the effects of Relativity are not real. The only explanation is that it is an optical illusion! Also any theory based on it, like General Relativity, must also have the problem!
At 90% speed of light time passes about 50% slower. So the denominator should be 0,5... but you need to insert 0,1 for the observation to be correct? Or is it a combination of length contraction and time dilation like 50/0,5?
I'm happy to watch this for the second time. Your presenting skills are really incredible. So clear, so interesting, and so captivating. Love the video
I would like to thank my luck because of which I found this channel. I am going to start STR next semester, this helps soo much 😍 Thank you very much for this video 🫂
glad I stumbled onto your channel. my answer is 'yes, please do a video on the derivative equations' also, if light is the constant and the others, length and time adjust, what happens if length is the constant? does that adjust light's speed and time in a different way?
Dude, you are literally the best. I love the way you explain things! So captivating and simple, your passion for physics is very clear. You should be proud man. Keep up the good work!
I love your passion and skill at explaining these concepts. The more ways that I see the mind boggling implications of special relativity and quantum physics explained to me the better my acceptance and understanding of it. I’m hitting that subscribe button now.
18:07 My freaking mind is blown sir,that was like the goosebumps scene in a great movie where u will get the title 20 minutes later.Seriously though I got goosebumps when u said “That is Time Dilation” It deserves a badass bgm for that point❤
Great video my man! I really liked how you took us on the journey of how Einstein came to his discoveries - it wasn't that it all just popped into his head in a single moment, it was a culmination of doing the maths again and again and thinking deeply about the real world scenarios
This video, which I came across by chance, is the only time I’ve come close to understanding this stuff so you have my immense thanks. I would greatly enjoy further videos like this. Thanks again.
Knew every principle you talked about already (speed of light, time dilation, motion is relative) but never had it finally click until you explained it. Why C is the same for everyone, even if they are travelling at different speeds, I only now understand. Thank you
You can extend your medium analogy and consider that light travels in the "spacetime" medium, and the logic will still hold true. Because when spacetime itself bends or accelerates, it affects light in a similar manner as other waves are affected by their respective media in which they travel.
@@froyocrew Why is he a pseud? Don't you agree that he's explained the theory of special theory albeit in a very simplified way, or do you not agree with the theory? I think he explained it very well, but then, I don't agree with the theory.
@gerontodon LOL you don't "agree" eh? Why not? Making Einsteins skin brown is disgusting too btw. I would never make a video about ghandi and make him a white guy
Unless you're Heisenberg. I don't remember who had the idea of uncertainty, but I think it was him. If not, then my point is that the only way you can beat Einstein is if you are uncertain about doing so
Mahesh, this was really great, you did such a good job explaining it! It takes a lot of words to convey the idea, but that's probably needed to get used to that unusual and counter-intuitive idea. Although I'm familiar with the matter of special relativity, I sometimes feel unsecure about some questions, and then I turn to explanations like yours to reassure myself and further boost my intuitive understanding. John von Neumann once said: "In mathematics you don't understand things, you just get used to them." It's the same in physics!
Never ever thought that any teacher can explain this to me in intuitive way, i always thought that i need to brainstorm so much to understand all of this intuitively..... You are really a great teacher and RU-vid is wonderful place just because of people like you😮😮
My second watching (because I need to study deep in relativity) today, taking more time than usual, made me to understand the whole concept. Thanks for the great teaching. Much merit for you and all the best.
sir, you are a big reason in my enthusiasm in physics.. never stop making these videos they are like therapy to me and it's crazy how simple and amazing things begin to look like when you explain them.💙
I watched dozens and dozens of videos trying to understand how could Einstein figure out the concept of special and general relativity. Now I finally get it, thank you!
This video was amazing. I have a couple of questions tho, hope you can answer them! - On the thought experriment: If the medium is opposing the wave, as with another wave - wouldn't it just cancel out the wave itself? - If light travels slower when it encounters a medium, how does it affect the thought experiment that light speed is constant within all frames of reference - meaning what if I am measuring the speed of light while travelling in a spaceship that is filled with water, versus light travelling next to it out in space? Love your vids, thanks again!
Thank you for making it make sense. I always wondered why the word "relativity" was part of this theory. I was aware of the results of the theory but never understood the thought process that led to it's discovery. Some feedback: 1. It wasn't clear to me how the speed of light will be perceived by a "stationary" observer when a light beam is emitted from a moving cart (close to the speed of light). Some ideas for future videos that I would love to develop an intuition for: 1. Why Speed of light is considered to be the speed limit of the universe? 2. What exactly is space-time? How do we think about it? Which phenomenon cannot be explained without the existence of this fabric? 3. How does gravity fit into all of this? How did Einstein go from thinking about relativity to thinking about gravity?
This is by far the BEST explanation of relativity I've ever come across, and trust me I have seen a LOT of physics videos. When you tell the story of how Einstein arrived at the solution, you can get a sense of the scale of genius thinking it took. Think about it. You are looking at a mathematical impossibility. Without computer simulations, without spacetime diagrams, and starting from this unthinkable assumption, you manage to wrap your head around the idea that the very foundations of reality, space and time themselves, are not absolute but somehow fluid... That's a mind boggling mind.
New subscriber; love your breakdowns / unorthodox explanations. Brilliant my man, just brilliant. Thank you for spreading understanding in some of the more “misconceptualized” scientific reasonings. 👏🏻
Incredible! You are my favorite physics guru without question. I love the way you use logical reasoning to help understand illogical concepts. Physics isn’t something to memorize, it’s something to understand. Then you can always figure out what you need to. Thank you!!
That was awesome! I loved how you built up to the conclusion. I have watched many videos on this topic. Your video was the most easiest to follow and supported the conclusion. Well done!
Broo... how did you just make one of the most curious minds on earth understand better what he has been thinking for years he has understanding of? You are super good and I picture you as Einstein's cousin. I can't wait to rewatch this and assimilate better before watch the "I can't wait to" derivation of E=MC². How did I not end up studying physics or mathematics? Like how it's so pleasing to learn that almost everything can be simply mathematically be manipulated and its implication in reality also gets manipulated.
This is THE BEST video that I found on relativity. Till today, even though I watched a bunch of other videos, I never truly understood time dilation. But wow, what an explanation. Loved it❤
your channel very quickly became my favorite physics channel. Keep up the awesome vibes and brilliant explanations and I'll watch everything you post! Thank you!
Just found your videos and I love them! Love the focus on keeping it intuitive. J finished my degree in maths and philosophy and I’m interested in relativity because it feels like there’s a real philosophical side to it! Keep it up mate these videos are great!
3:00 This is a common misconception that I think messes with people when it comes to things like the twins paradox. “Special” relativity means no gravity, not no acceleration. You can still model acceleration in SR. As long as spacetime is flat, SR works.
