Why is the Statue of Liberty Green?

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Reactions is all about the chemistry that happens in copper this week. The Statue of Liberty and her green color is filled with science. Did you know she wasn't always green? When France gifted Lady Liberty to the U.S., she was a 305-foot statue with reddish-brown copper skin. Her color change is thanks to about 30 years’ worth of chemistry in the air of New York City harbor. Get an education on the chemistry of how this monumental statue transitioned from penny red to chocolate brown to glorious liberty green in this Reactions video.
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Producer:
Elaine Seward
Writer:
Sam Lemonick
Executive Producer:
Adam Dylewski
Scientific consultants:
Terri L. Woods, Ph.D.
Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.
Kyle Nackers
Sources:
www.newyorker.c...
www.sciencedire...
www.sciencedire...
www.sciencedire...
www.wskc.org/do...
www.copper.org...
www.finishing.... (just look at the sweet note after this post)
expert-cited article from ACS’s own ES&T
Livingston, R.A. Influence of the environment on the patina of the Statue of Liberty. Environ. Sci. Technol.
pubs.acs.org/do...
Zoltai, T. and Stout, J.H. Mineralogy: Concepts and Principles. 1984. Burgess (Minneapolis).
Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day.
Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Опубликовано:

27 сен 2024

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Комментарии : 325

@hayley1133 5 лет назад

I've definitely seen old green Penny's like in the lake and stuff..

@FlowersInHisHair 7 лет назад

She should of course stay verdigris, because that's the color her designers intended her to be in the long run - they knew that copper oxidizes to verdigris when they chose the materials!

@Skadi609 6 лет назад

FlowersInHisHair *vert-de-gris. But I agree with you said.

@trragavantrragavan112 3 года назад

🙏🚗🚗🙏 சூப்பர் நன்றி

@cypressz 7 лет назад

Regularly spending a fortune to make her look like a giant penny isn't worth it. The color she has is unique and the look is distinctive - for no cost at all.

@l.tc.5032 2 года назад

It would look so wrong if it wasn't green.

@YvngBrenton 2 года назад

I think she should be put back to her original color. But if not they should teach the kids in school what her original color was or post pics in text books.

@TechnicalParadox Год назад

@@YvngBrentonI remember being taught she was with copper which taught me the original color without anyone specifically mentioning it but I remember being taught the color too

@jackharvey88 5 лет назад

Good now I can get that green car I want I’ll just leave my brown car outside for 40 years

@trollmaster4207 3 года назад

if your car is made of copper

@brianporterjr.1933 3 года назад

Copper not brown

@somder303 3 года назад

@King_Neptune69 2 года назад

Dude your car is made of copper?

@brady50429 2 года назад

Look at those dumbasses likes 😂

@omermagen824 7 лет назад

I actually like that colour

@omermagen824 7 лет назад

*the aqua color

@PieFaceGuy9000 4 года назад

So do I, I prefer a copper color though!

@PieFaceGuy9000 4 года назад

JESUS, JUST GET THE HELL OUTTA HERE!

@PieFaceGuy9000 4 года назад

GET OUTTA HERE AND DONT COME BACK!!!

@westcoast_railfan 4 года назад

Same lol

@Nhoj31neirbo47 7 лет назад

Leave Lady Liberty green. So that aliens feel welcome.

@ACSReactions 7 лет назад

😂😂😂

@fluxlegend1995 5 лет назад

@@ACSReactions same

@ultragamesbg7085 5 лет назад

You assume their color

@lookatmeplease 5 лет назад

LOVE OF PLANTS 🌻 What the heck but aliens aren’t even from earth

@llizzysyt 4 года назад

Brown liberty🗽: I’m like poop or a penny :( Green liberty 🗽: I’m green like grass or fart 💨:|

@umbertovanstaden2651 4 года назад

The day when I see it in person I'll go on my knees and cry, it's my life long dream, I actually like it green

@mazowskii3342 7 лет назад

pink looks good on her

@Infernoraptor 7 лет назад

"not like any penny I've ever seen". While rare, I remember occasionally finding pennies that looked like they had a mold on them once they went through the wash. IIRC, that was the same thing.

@thederpinator6636 6 лет назад

Infernoraptor same

@ranelgallardo7031 3 года назад

I’ve always wondered why in the movie An American Tail the Statue of Liberty was brown as a kid.

@heatherboemler1433 6 лет назад

My 2nd grade class voted 4 for shiny new penny version and 11 for staying blue-green. Seguin, TX.

@masterimbecile 7 лет назад

If the statue returns to the original brown color, SOMEONE would be tempted to build a wall around it.

@LuisSierra42 7 лет назад

i wonder who could that be

@edgelorde9074 7 лет назад

this comment wins XD

@masterimbecile 7 лет назад

Luis Sierra Not sure either, although something tells me that his name rhymes with Tronald Dump.

@viancadevera7827 6 лет назад

Donald Trump the racist president xD

@forrestdelayne 6 лет назад

You realize Trump isn't racist right? He doesn't like illegal immigrants, they're breaking the law and deserve punishment like any other person.

@ChrisHarmon1 Год назад

First thing that comes to mind is Fringe when I see the copper color. They must have been advanced enough on "the other side" to clear coat her from the start.

@arkesh110 4 года назад

Because Steve built her out of copper in 1.17 and after 16 day night cycles, it turned green

@mcpevillager6348 3 года назад

Bro Minecraft !!!

@mcpevillager6348 3 года назад

But 1.17 have copper so we can make her

@howardbaxter2514 3 года назад

16 day night cycles? Dang what kind of tick speed are you on?

@Scott89878 2 года назад

The world financial center buildings had copper domes when I lived in NYC in the late 80s, but they got green domes now.

@lindaeasley5606 2 года назад

The patina ( oxidation) is actually a protective coating

@ThirstyCartoon 5 лет назад

Great vid, but the statue is not on Ellis Island, she's on Liberty Island!

@81763b 4 года назад

ThirstyCartoon I’ve heard of this being a Mandela effect

@acdon 4 года назад

Cubic lmao idk if you’re joking or not

@cr4zypeopl3 3 года назад

Wrong, It’s in New Jersey

@randomtraveler9854 3 года назад

Ellis Island is where the immigration station was. Millions of immigrants travelled to America via Ellis Island, it's a museum now.

@TazPessle 7 лет назад

as far as i know, sculptors use copper intending for it to turn green-blue in the weather.

@ericsmith2552 7 лет назад

Brandon Hamer originally a black woman

@JustAL2004 6 лет назад

Eric Smith She was copper...

@theshypersistence 3 года назад

Imagine being alive and watching Lady Liberty "mature" 😀

@gabrielleosborn9889 4 года назад

leave lady liberty green because it looks really nice and its my favorite color

@EddieVBlueIsland 7 лет назад

Carbon dioxide in condensate water (fog) also corrodes copper making copper carbonate (and the hydrated version). Copper patinas are artistic enhancers - leave it along so Astronaut George Taylor (Charleston Heaston) can see it at the end of the movie Planet of the Apes!

@S.E.C-R Год назад

I’ve always known she was oxidized, but was she ever the other colors like the pink or black for long enough to have photos of her in those colors?

@Nefylym 6 месяцев назад

I like the shiny version, but feel like the green version is an altogether different kind of beautiful. It makes her appear ethereal almost. I kind wish she glowed in the dark lol

@AshArAis 7 лет назад

How about restore the original colour on the exposed skin only and leave her clothes green?

@mhoffman54 7 лет назад

I literally just came here looking for dumb comments like this. I knew there'd be at least one...

@YoloBagels 7 лет назад

ummmmmno.

@BezoRazo 6 лет назад

Ashley Feawen I wouldn't mind seeing a CG rendering of that, at least...

@diogodavid3557 6 лет назад

i just found the greatest genie in the world

@texmex9721 6 лет назад

"We" is you and who else?

@Antoinette_Coetzee 3 года назад

Copper now in... *M I N E C R A-* *FFFFFT*

@IcePrincess8807 6 лет назад

maybe restore her crown so the crown is all sparkly shiny copper on top of the green? could be a cool look

@randomtraveler9854 3 года назад

It would just oxidate again, keeping her a shiny copper color would require routine costly maintenance.

@Bazwalt 3 года назад

I'd leave the color as is...but definitely give it a polish. Make her SHINE!

@jordonbeasom1636 6 лет назад

She should stay the green color she is now

@lakshmim4486 4 года назад

This channel is underrated like hell

@zentouro 7 лет назад

now i'm really curious how this reaction is different from similar color changes on capital buildings - most of the states i grew up in had copper roofed buildings that have long since turned green. is the statue of liberty a particular/noticeably different shade b/c of the uniqueness of new york harbor?

@ACSReactions 7 лет назад

Good question. Rooftops and the Statue of Liberty are essentially the same color, but perhaps with less atacamite as rooftops in many cities aren’t close to seaspray. So brochantite will prevail, and depending on the local sulfur dioxide concentration, some amount of antlerite. Because of this, rooftops will probably tend to be bluer-green than Lady Liberty, since atacamite has an olive tone to it.

@zentouro 7 лет назад

good to know! thank you :D

@jessekretkowski7045 7 лет назад

it's actually in the jersey harbor

@jessekretkowski7045 7 лет назад

+zentouro first time someone posted that on the internet

@dwaynecarter9219 7 лет назад

The statue of liberty was not in new york........ whats going on?

@Nicoder6884 7 лет назад

I have a few old green pennies.

@NiffirgkcaJ 3 года назад

I've always thought that they just shipped the whole completed statue and just pulled her up so she'll stand~ 🤣

@vidiaugrafree 3 года назад

I want an update. Do they do anything modern to keep the statue green? In that case it's very wrong to artificially 'preserve' the bronze patina. They should be allowing the patina to develop into deep blues and purple reds.

@benedictschurwanz987 7 лет назад

Well if you tried to scrub the green stuff off then the statue would get thinner. And if you painted it, well.... you'd have to keep reprinting it continuously, like the Mackinaw bridge that connects upper and lower Michigan.

@jessicablair5610 3 месяца назад

But I live in Duluth, mn. We have this church called The Coppertop church. The roof is the same blue green color, but we have no salt water around. Just rain, the lake (which the church obvious isn't sitting right in it like she is) and the weather and it also changed the same color. It was darker brown for awhile and eventually turned blue green. So idk that it matters that she's in new york, i think she would have eventually turned this color anywhere.

@prathameshjoshi1815 5 лет назад

If Copper is mixed with hydrogen or oxygen it leaves a greenish mark known as the corrosion of the metal and Copper is the only metal that get completely destroyed due to corrosion and doesn't leave a trace of the e copper I am from India

@MiltosPol-qn3zh 7 лет назад

Wow

@Ivan.A.Churlyuski 6 месяцев назад

If it could be as shiny as a new penny I’d pick that but since it’s going to be a dull brown, no thanks.

@andrewm885 5 лет назад

Keep her the way she is

@simomoforever Год назад

I want to paint it half copper colour, and the other half will remain blue/green. If not, can we paint it rainbow-coloured?

@agfagaevart Год назад

All they have to do is dunk the statue into a massive vat of Coca Cola. THEN it will return to it's original colour.

@pepsi78 7 лет назад

It is iconic of venus, Venus is green, it's slime green, residue. Remember Venus was born out of the foam of the sea that is the residue. Libertas is godess venus She is the Borg

@jinminwang212 3 года назад

green

@zombie1017 5 лет назад

Ive seen green pennies before so im guessing it does it with all copper objects

@thatplane3865 7 лет назад

Yay! I'm early one of my fav channels on RU-vid. Thanks Reactions! #earlysquad #chemistry

@ACSReactions 7 лет назад

Username checks out. Thanks for watching!

@Kaneanite 7 лет назад

Hello from BrainCraft. Lady Liberty has earned that patina, it would be downright disrespectful to take it from her.

@braincraft 7 лет назад

🙌

@Kaneanite 7 лет назад

BrainCraft 🙋

@yourafakeandiamasnake1701 3 года назад

Cyan : am I a joke to you

@justjabari6430 4 года назад

I knew I wasn’t tripping when I said the Statue of Liberty wasn’t green at first.

@charlottechickenplaysroblo7119 7 лет назад

i knew she was a giant penny!

@gatesgateswarrenbuffett1355 5 лет назад

Lol green is so symbolic it even inspired countless lol cant imagine her turning other colours

@FatAlbert-444 3 года назад

I learned in an Aumsum video about copper

@heatherboemler1433 6 лет назад

My 3rd grade class voted 2 for shiny penny and 13 for blue-green status quo. Seguin, TX

@corahimaresendiz4310 5 лет назад

stay blue green

@lindseywillich6459 2 года назад

Our class says to keep the statue greenish blue.

@coolconfuzer 7 лет назад

had to lump pollution in this video somewhere and quickly brush off that its in the water.

@christianjimenez481 6 лет назад

I'm wondering, if she's going to stay that color?

@texmex9721 6 лет назад

What would change it?

@Riz2336 7 лет назад

that's a trip that there's no known photo at least as far as I know of it with it's original copper color.

@texmex9721 6 лет назад

There are very few photos from before photography was invented. And even less color ones. The statue was not shiny copper when first erected. Building it took a decade, and the B&W photos of it before re-assembly in NY show it is dull already. Paintings from the dedication show it brown.

@awesomedragon29 4 года назад

I thought there was three.

@awesomedragon29 4 года назад

I found this out in national treasure(one of them at least, not the third sequel).

@randomtraveler9854 3 года назад

Photos were black and white at the time.

@ThePeterDislikeShow 3 года назад

I'm surprised they didn't attach some zinc to galvanize it.

@ManunKanava Год назад

To me that looks like more light blue than green.

@canthissealngetasub5981 3 года назад

guys u now minecragt 1.17 copper

@luzregalado7789 6 лет назад

3:24 that scene is from ghost busters the whole part when she is walking is from ghost busters I like the color she is so keep it like that

@LJ-bu5of 2 года назад

greenish blue of course

@faizlazuardi4973 6 лет назад

Made from kryptonite?

@princepking6027 5 лет назад

leave it green

@youmaycallmeken 7 лет назад

435,000,000 pennies? Which pennies? THE VIDEO SHOWS A 1991 PENNY. From 1982 to the present, the U.S. penny only contained 2 1/2 % copper. (some of 1864) 1865-1981 (and some 1982) excluding 1943 they contained 95% copper.

@awesomedragon29 4 года назад

Also in the part with all the pennies that are on screen there are only pennies from the year 2000.

@DevlinDomini 2 года назад

Shiny copper, please!

@heatherboemler1433 6 лет назад

My 1st grade class voted for her to stay blue-green. Seguin TX

@vegassims7 5 лет назад

It shouldn't be turned back to brown since it never WAS brown, it was copper, which when fresh on a new copper penny is a very beautiful shiny and reflective color. I would love to see her painted or restored and preserved to stay the original color that the French Sculpture had in mind. The green color makes the statue look very old and very washed out imo. OR, wouldn't it be glorious if she had a real gold finish put on her and that way she would always be gold and shine at night or day.

@juniebob4420 Год назад

I really like the green personally. Its unique

@seitzgd 3 года назад

So thats why Mojang add Copper in Minecraft. Yeah.

@Mr-Rando 3 года назад

Because copper

@Tampapix 2 года назад

Well, the article IS named "Science of the Statue of Liberty’s green sheen." Clearly, they only researched the science, as their byline, states, "Read Science Facts, not fiction..." They don't lay claim to knowing a hoot about geography. She's on Liberty Island, not Ellis Island.

@non5025 4 года назад

You got the year wrong 1874*

@minh8108 4 года назад

nice

@sourwaii8692 7 лет назад

0:55 i don't think that joke is funny

@elaineaseward 7 лет назад

You clearly don't live in NYC

@sourwaii8692 6 лет назад

Elaine Seward at least i know about it

@Niko-1s 13 дней назад

IT IS FUNNY

@Shape1425 2 года назад

People who know about Copper from Minecraft: I am four parallel universes ahead of you

@cassandraraeescobar195 3 года назад

stay how she is!

@pilotkhatib3992 3 месяца назад

Actually it look better when it is green!

@zennie846 Год назад

It's green because of oxydation that happens when copper is exposed to air to long

@keevezamora291 2 года назад

I like blue

@collegeforkids4208 3 года назад

blueish green

@carlosdademon 3 года назад

That isn't green. It's patina.

@Marco_Jr. 3 года назад

why is the statue of liberty blue ??

@NikoProductionsYT 4 года назад

the way she says comments lol 4:03

@jesusroks545 7 лет назад

Hmm I always thought she was stone

@kelvin5820 3 года назад

Minecraft copper be like:

@awesomedragon29 4 года назад

I don't understand what you mean about Dr. Zaius. I don't know what it is.

@JackSparrow-ld6rz 5 лет назад

If we wash off the statue then it will fall apart quicker over the next several centuries

@anamorphicalan 7 лет назад

I'd say change to brown. We can always change it back to aqua color

@ACSReactions 7 лет назад

I think it'd be a crazy process to observe!

@holly5095 6 лет назад

It’s from all the lights on NY

@kelzierenietteaquino2887 2 года назад

The statue must be green forever

@charlessworld3564 2 года назад

Brown

@leocelente 7 лет назад

Incredibly Interesting! What [enviroment] would it take to turn it to other interesting colors?

@llizzysyt 4 года назад

Because when it’s outside it’s green

@Tarttaken 3 года назад

Copper oxidised and became green, saving you the boredom of watching the video

@xafdil 4 года назад

Green? i thought the liberty is red/pink

@nusproizvodjach 7 лет назад

If I hear freedom one more time, I'm gonna barf...

@marthagutierrez74 4 года назад

im in fift grade and i saw this vid in class. GENZ FOUND IT LMAO

@anonymike8280 4 года назад

Because it isn't easy being green.

@kimmyhushh 3 года назад

They say because it was corroded then it became green

@iknowyourerightbut6246 4 года назад

I know it's gonna cost a lot, but I want to see her in her copper glory again.

@randomtraveler9854 3 года назад

That's practically impossible. Not only would it cost a lot of money to change her back they would have to routinely do it as she would inevitably oxidate again. You're fighting a losing battle.

@iknowyourerightbut6246 3 года назад

@@randomtraveler9854 just one time, to use the latest cameras to take pictures.

@randomtraveler9854 3 года назад

I think it would be great as well but the price to turn her back would be in the millions, most likely taxpayer dollars.