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Wi-Fi Glossary and Terminology - Jargon Buster

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I was going to make a video about a Wi-Fi Range Extender and I realized that there is a lot of terminology connected to Wi-Fi and not all of it is obvious. Here is my glossary and jargon buster about Wi-Fi.
1:21 - What does Wi-Fi stand for?
2:44 - Standards (802.11a to 802.11ax)
4:18 - 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz aren't compatible
6:35 - Pop quiz!
8:43 - Which is better 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz?
10:36 - Wi-Fi channels (20 MHz, 40 Mhz, 80 Mhz, 160 MHz)
15:23 - Modulation
16:42 - QAM
18:59 - MIMO
23:22 - MCS
25:35 - Real world throughput
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Опубликовано:

5 сен 2024

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Комментарии : 96

@Flankymanga 3 года назад

I think that sometimes the ordinary Joe should watch videos like this to start to appreciate how much thought and effort is being put by engineers into making these everyday things work effortlessly.

@anissan 3 года назад

Really excited for this. Perfect timing. I've just started going down the Wi-Fi rabbit-hole.

@elmirelmir842 3 года назад

Gary thank you very much for all the knowledge you give us

@YoutubeBorkedMyOldHandle_why 3 года назад

Great video Gary ... very informative! Now I have a much better understanding of why I just drilled holes in my walls, ran wires, and turned off my wifi radio.

@cake794 3 года назад

Always excited for his videos

@taidee 3 года назад

I didn't even realize the video was this long until Gary mentioned it at the end, very engaging presentation professor, thank you. People also need to understand that they also won't get higher speeds than their data subscription package from their ISP. You can't have a 100Mbps line and get 150Mbps.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Glad you enjoyed it!

@thaernejem7317 3 года назад

Brilliant! How do you manage be an expert in all topics you explain in this channel! Thank you

@TNTsundar 3 года назад

2:00 The most important thing about Wi-Fi alliance is interoperability. The alliance defines tests which different WLAN chip manufacturers, AP vendors, Mobile vendors undergo in order to interoperate.

@Garythefireman66 3 года назад

Wow. That was a lot to digest. The takeaway seems to be always go with a hardline to max out throughput. Great video professor!

@YoutubeBorkedMyOldHandle_why 3 года назад

Exactly. My radio is off.

@brayaon 3 года назад

This semester I'm taking a course on networks. This helped me a lot to understand the different WiFi standards. Thank you.

@pejmansehatpour7838 3 года назад

Really great info Gary. Thanks 👍🏼

@ramiroquai91 3 года назад

Great video Gary. Can you also make a GPS explanation? For example, Mi 11 Ultra specs say's GPS: tri-band A-GPS, GLONASS, BDS, GALILEO, QZSS, NavIC... That's a lot to catch up and there is more that other devices support. Thanks

@dichebach Год назад

Amazingly good stuff Gary!

@OmDahake 3 года назад

please do something similar to programming or build up of the instruction set of 8085 or best make the last video on how to write your own architecture with actual source code

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

10/10 for persistence!

@heedmywarning2792 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains and while you're at it, I need a video on how to re-sequence my DNA so I can identify as a velociraptor (it's for tax purposes).

@OmDahake 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains so is a video related to that coming ???

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

@@OmDahake Sorry. But I think I already mentioned to you in another reply that I won't be doing s video about the 8085.

@OmDahake 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains then put something similar to it or best make the last video on how to write your own architecture with actual source code

@1MarkKeller 3 года назад

*GARY!!!* *Good morning Professor!* *Good morning fellow classmates!* Stay Safe Everyone!

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

MARK!!!

@fraginz 3 года назад

About people complaining about the range, it is the manufacturers' marketing faults. There will be words like "MORE COVERAGE" or something. For general people that don't really understand how different wireless frequency works, they will believe that and disappointed.

@j340_official 3 года назад

WiFi 7 is far more exciting than WiFi 6. You should do a video on what’s coming… 4096 QAM, 320 MHz channels, mult-link operation with the ability to simultaneously use 2.4 GHz, 5, GHz, and 6 GHz, for radio transmissions, and more. WiFi 7 is what I’m waiting for!

@mukil_saravanan 3 года назад

Make similiar videos. I am happy to watch them too

@amitkumarmaity1858 3 года назад

Awesome! More content like this.

@jamesclarity1077 3 года назад

This is awesome

@11rchitwood 3 года назад

Can you talk about Apple HomeKit enabled routers? Also should I buy a third party modem or use my ISP’s?

@TNTsundar 3 года назад

2:52 802.11b max rate is 11 Mbps

@SwayamPrakashDash 3 года назад

Excellent video for tech nerds like me - vast information provided.

@gyrgrls 3 года назад

I'd like to hear Clarissa explain it.

@aravindrt 3 года назад

Can u also explain all the 5g and 4g jargons like spectrum mm wave CA etc

@TNTsundar 3 года назад

13:10 5 GHz channels are still spaced at 5 MHz but the channels are grouped to form the channel width which is one of 20, 40, 80 or 160 MHz. That’s why the 20 MHz channel numbers are jumping from 36 to 40 and to 44 and so on instead of 36, 37, 38, etc.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Which is what I say in the video. 🤦‍♂️

@TNTsundar 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains But the text at 13:10 says they are spaced 20 MHz apart though. Hence the comment.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

@@TNTsundar OK, I guess I should have written the text differently. But I actually point out in the video that they are still 5MHz apart and point out the jump by 4. But whatever. I made a 30 minute video and one bit of text isn't perfect. 🤦‍♂️

@junjunelephant 3 года назад

16:04 Thank you Gary

@ADMIN-in2pn 3 года назад

Thank you for your comment and view, trust me I don't take them for granted. I recommend you to Mr Brandon to start making millions in ..🅱️..T..C

@ADMIN-in2pn 3 года назад

@sirsholar 3 года назад

Please 🙏 include 802.11ad/ay and Terragraph in your series. Thanks 😊

@amtimbs 3 года назад

Really useful. 1GB fibre is coming to our place and I really need to know this stuff to help make use of the bandwidth. Looking forward to the rest of the series. Does powerline tie into this? It will in my house, maybe even lan!

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

I could do a video about powerline adapters, thanks for the suggestion.

@stevetobias4890 3 года назад

WiFi ac means that you need a bridge rectifier to convert to WiFi dc right, lol.

@skarfie123 3 года назад

You need to put a 0:00 chapter to make them show up

@Pants4096 3 года назад

It's hard to remember that back in 2000, just twenty years ago, most ethernet was still 10Mbps and there was no such thing as wireless for most people. 802.11b was MAGIC when it first appeared.

@send2gl 3 года назад

That was fascinating and interesting.

@jamesclarity1077 3 года назад

Amazing

@davidmurphy563 3 года назад

Skip to 16:05 for digital summary of entire video.

@AJL713 3 года назад

Thank you Gary! Could you do this for cellular networks, namely 5G?

@RPG_ash 3 года назад

LOL @ 10:25 You tell 'em Gary

@guilherme5094 3 года назад

Thanks this was really useful!

@vamsi9520 3 года назад

Hey Gary which GPU architecture does apple use in their chipset. And also please make a video regarding apple GPU. Samsung uses AMD and Mali Qualcomm uses its Own GPU which is previously owned by AMD Apple -?

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Apple's GPU is based on PowerVR from Imagination. I have covered the history as part of other videos.

@vamsi9520 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains could please share the link

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

@@vamsi9520 Probably this one ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-_2wFWUyqjzY.html

@vamsi9520 3 года назад

Hey Gary could you please make a video on Intel's Alder lake CPUs. And also please explain Microsoft new security chip plunton

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

I don't really cover Intel stuff.

@vamsi9520 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains but the Alder lake is unique compared to other gen it has hybrid architecture I mean it has Big cores And small cores I have tried to understand from other RU-vidrs but haven't understood. So I have reached out to you. I have reached out to you because your explanation is very detailed and easily understandable. Further I believe intel is directly challenging ARM with its Alder lake processor.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

I agree that the hybrid design, as Intel calls it, is interesting, but if I do anything I will wait until the actual chips start shipping and devices are available.

@vamsi9520 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains Hey Gary I have doubt regarding the cache Doubt is Apple claims there is a total 12MB cache in High performance cores or Firestorm My doubt is that 12MB cache is for per core or that 2 firestorm cores combine.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Are you talking about the M1? If so, the L2 12MB cache is shared across the 4 (not 2) firestorm core. The L1 cache is per CPU core.

@jamesclarity1077 3 года назад

Cancelling my coursera subscription

@pwlegolas3 3 года назад

👍

@ADMIN-in2pn 3 года назад

Thank you for your comment and view, trust me I don't take them for granted. I recommend you to Mr Brandon to start making millions in ..🅱️..T..C

@ADMIN-in2pn 3 года назад

@mohammadama5219 3 года назад

Do you mean that a WiFi b/g/n module can not talk with WiFi a although WiFi n can operate at the 5.8GHz band?

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Yes. If the client also supports 5GHz with "n", then it would list "a" somewhere in the list. 5GHz support for "n" is optional.

@mohammadama5219 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains thanks. I was missing this detail. How about the new namings? How do we know if WiFi4 can comunicate with WiFi1 or WiFi2 or both? Moreover, WiFi n is said to be backward compatible with all the previous ammendments. What does that means?

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

The Wi-Fi 4 thing is just branding, if you look at the specs of any device it will still tell you if it supports 2.4GHz or 5GHz. Wi-Fi n is backwards compatible as a protocol, but obviously a 2.4GHz radio can't talk to a 5GHz radio.

@mohammadama5219 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains yep. Obviously they should operate on the same frequency. Thanks for your attention. One last thing bro. You mentioned that 802.11b is up to 22Mbps. Can you tell me which PHY this data rate corresponds to? As far as i know, 802.11b has a maximum of 11Mbps Through the HR-DSSS short PLCP PHY layer with PBCC encoding

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Yeah, I was including 802.11b+ which was a proprietary thing by some OEMs which boosted the speed to 22Mbps. Sorry for the confusion.

@jzilla1234 3 года назад

Are u the ghost of Gary whitta's future?

@melvinch 3 года назад

I'm actually more confused after watching this, and I'm in IT since the 90s.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Oh, that isn't good. Where did I go wrong?

@swaggitypigfig8413 3 года назад

lmao :P

@zekicay 3 года назад

22:50 this is not correct. Packets are sent over all streams. 802.11 like 802.3 is in Level 2 of the OSI stack, so it has no relation to TCP or UDP. The reason you are getting faster speeds with multiple TCP streams is not related to MIMO at all - it all has to do with congestion control algorithms. Try it with BBR, BBR2 or RENO congestion control algorithms and you'll see. If you're using CUBIC or VEGAS, you can see the improvement with multiple TCP connections, but that has nothing to do with WiFi or MIMO.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

This is certainly a grey area for me because when I test the same setup but using wired connections then I get almost the full 1 Gigabit capacity of my local network, with just 1 thread/connection. But using the same machines over Wi-Fi I get significantly less with 1 stream only and more with multiple streams, but never near the PHY connection speeds. Do Windows, macOS, and Linux all change their congestion control algorithms when using a wired interface compared to a wireless interface?

@zekicay 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains no they don't, I was just suggesting testing with different congestion control algorithms manually. I'm not sure why you see such a large difference, but may I suggest you try testing with smaller channel widths, for example: 40MHz using 2x2 ac short GI and see if you get near 300Mbps in one TCP connection - should be about the same as with multiple TCP connections.

@zekicay 3 года назад

@@GaryExplains I think that you are experiencing slight packet loss or increased transmission delay (bufferbloat) that causes either reduction of window size in TCP or a larger delay - both cases cap the available throughput (calculated as: bandwidth ~ window size/delay). BBR and BBR2 are much better at handling such cases and that's why google uses them for all their front servers and why it's the default in QUIC.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Thanks for the suggestions. In my testing I have used just about every variation and combination including different channel widths, different GI etc. I am using Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android. I am using at least 5 different routers, all from different OEMS and all with different Wi-Fi standards. The results are always the same.

@GaryExplains 3 года назад

Out of interest, what tool and setup do you use to test the throughput? I guess I could try some different methods for testing the throughput.