Wildfires - How can forests be saved in the climate crisis? | DW Documentary

Подписаться 6 млн

Просмотров 46 тыс.

50% 1

Woodlands are crucial for life. But today more than ever, they’re threatened by devastating blazes. Heat and drought are fueling the flames. In Europe it’s no longer only the southern countries that are worst affected - the north is, too.
The wildfires that scorched Europe in 2022 burned more land area than since records began. Many fire brigades and fire protection services are fine-tuning their responses in line with the new threat. Tobias Hallas is an experienced paramedic from the German city of Karlsruhe, currently serving as a volunteer forest firefighter. He’s a member of @fire, a German NGO specializing in disaster management. The association was originally founded to support deployments in southern Europe during the hot summer months. But now, its knowhow is also coming in useful in Germany.
Much of this knowhow comes from Spain, a nation that’s been grappling with the problem of forest fires for many years. Professional firefighter Manuel Lopes Rodrigues also works here. In his view, combating blazes like these requires more than just modern firefighting techniques. Rodrigues believes that monocultures are also partly to blame. Large areas of forest have been planted with a single type of tree - and one that’s especially fast-burning. With the help of many supporters and the association he founded, he aims to turn forests back into climate-friendly, fire-resistant, mixed-species woodland.
Monocultures are also a problem in Germany. The forests of Brandenburg, for example, are up to 70% pine. In his own startup, engineer Carsten Brinkschulte has developed a kind of early warning system for forest fires. The system uses sensors or ‘digital noses’ to sniff out gases released by fire. The goal is to detect forest fires extremely quickly, before they can spread.
#documentary #dwdocumentary #climate #forests
______
DW Documentary gives you knowledge beyond the headlines. Watch top documentaries from German broadcasters and international production companies. Meet intriguing people, travel to distant lands, get a look behind the complexities of daily life and build a deeper understanding of current affairs and global events. Subscribe and explore the world around you with DW Documentary.
Subscribe to:
⮞ DW Documentary (English): / dwdocumentary
⮞ DW Documental (Spanish): / dwdocumental
⮞ DW Documentary وثائقية دي دبليو (Arabic): / dwdocarabia
⮞ DW Doku (German): / dwdoku
⮞ DW Documentary हिन्दी (Hindi): / dwdochindi
For more visit: www.dw.com/en/tv/docfilm/s-3610
Follow DW Documentary on Instagram: / dwdocumentary
Follow DW Documental on Facebook: / dwdocumental
We kindly ask viewers to read and stick to the DW netiquette policy on our channel: p.dw.com/p/MF1G

Опубликовано:

3 июл 2023

Ссылка:

Скачать:

Готовим ссылку...

Добавить в:

Мой плейлист

Посмотреть позже

Комментарии : 135

@arcaetype 11 месяцев назад

Why should volunteer firefighters pay a fee to learn how to protect our forests ?! They should be encouraged not deterred !

@somerandomfella 11 месяцев назад

In Australia our government has solved bushfires by ignoring and reporting them less on the media.

@gerryhouska2859 11 месяцев назад

They are NOT holding a hose. Rather approving more and more coalmines and gas fields. Heil Tanya Plibersek!

@ThechaseShreda 11 месяцев назад

Yep

@youngdn.s.r1021 11 месяцев назад

You don't fight fires do you, can tell from some people comments, maybe put yourself in their shoes, you ever watch horses and dogs and cats die??

@youngdn.s.r1021 11 месяцев назад

Fire is unpredictable,

@somerandomfella 11 месяцев назад

@@youngdn.s.r1021 that's not the point i'm making. You can't just deny extreme bushfires from climate change by not reporting it.

@franklinverdusco3872 11 месяцев назад

Props to the audio guy for choosing tristeza for some background music. It stunned me but in a exciting way.

@wowJhil 11 месяцев назад

In Sweden we have already had increased forest fires for many years, so it's not new to the Nordic countries I think. Also, although not for the sake of increasing the safety against fires, there are always what we would literally call "nature value burning" that has the purpose like some mention in this comment section, that it is good for the nature and even vital for some species. Another thing, calling solar panels climate friendly is really just repeating what we have heard all the time nowadays, and although it serves it purpose there it is still not environmental friendly which is also very important aspect. There is no actual recycling of all the huge amounts of solar panels being produced and already replaced. And if we do not have it today after all years of having these things already, then I do not think we will have it for long time and especially not all over the world. It's a pretty serious problem that climate activists don't like to talk about, as if one can't consider problems also caused by the solutions for another problem as climate.

@kutaycanergul9660 11 месяцев назад

This content includes very instructive knowledges to struglle with fire thank you DW

@julianholman7379 11 месяцев назад

goats also eat tree seedlings - consider how they keep the Atlas mountains bare - so they are a mixed/dubious blessing

@aland5478 11 месяцев назад

The fact that they have to pay 1500 out of pocket is so weak! Governments are so behind the curve!

@jonathaneffemey944 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for posting.

@DWDocumentary 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for watching!

@LeRoi715 11 месяцев назад

@@DWDocumentary I love German State and I wish more report about your Nation DW.Cheers from Toronto! Please ask Canada to invite you and follow our 'fires' in Alberta, Quebec and British Columbia? You could make the interesting report how do we fight it for so long we cannot stop worrying in Toronto as the smoke keep coming ....Greetings from Canada!

@miriamzajfman4305 11 месяцев назад

We Canadians have to learn from these examples 💪

@ramoned7580 11 месяцев назад

We as a human species

@miriamzajfman4305 11 месяцев назад

@@ramoned7580 I was referring to the fires in Canada !

@LeRoi715 11 месяцев назад

@@miriamzajfman4305 they are all around the World Madame,eh ....at the same time...think about it BIG ..eh?

@miriamzajfman4305 11 месяцев назад

@@LeRoi715 Madame,eh - not necessery to be sarcastic 👎

@LeRoi715 11 месяцев назад

@@miriamzajfman4305 Sorry Madame, the forests are burning for far too too long and the smoke in Toronto is unbearable and the fire brigades from Nova Scotia were not welcomed to help? Wake up Canada and talk to the MP's! Voila Madame! Thumb down !

@prasadfalke376 11 месяцев назад

Here to learn and hopefully help the mother nature somehow.

@123pangolin 11 месяцев назад

So goats clear flammable debris from the forests, but no-one in Spain wants to keep them...? Thousands of people from agrarian communities languish in migrant camps across southern Europe, or live in limbo at public expense. Let them work. They may have the skills to help.

@Sentrme 11 месяцев назад

I had a similar thought about the homelessness issue in US. Humans need a beneficial purpose to feel fulfillment, then a person is much more likely to have self-pride and contribute to the world. No one wants to help a world that casts them aside.

@kaymiller8213 11 месяцев назад

Why can't we just water the Forrest with water tanker. It will take lot more water to put out a fire. Drop water on the Forrest once a week. How hard can THAT be.

@furriass3978 11 месяцев назад

How come all the efforts seem to be put on putting out or containing wildfires when the real problem is actually mainly drought conditions? We need to change drought conditions. I watched another film where someone was proposing massive projects to desalinate water and building pipelines, pump stations, and essentially a form of wilderness irrigation system. It could help alleviate drought conditions, help contain fires if they do start, save millions of hectares of land from burning, reduce carbon emmissions from fires, save millions of forestry jobs by saving forests, and when not turned on can help provide freshwater for other purposes, perhaps irrigation of farmlands affected by drought conditions as well by building water pipelines to where water is needed.

@9UaYXxB 10 месяцев назад

Desalinating water is an extremely expensive prospect, to do so on the scale you seem to be imagining would be unimaginably costly.

@lindasapiecha2515 11 месяцев назад

👍😊

@Sentrme 11 месяцев назад

This gives me hope hearing similiar worries that I have. Earth wont survive with 8 trillion people without a large percentage being involved in preserving forests and nature. There is a balance I can see future organic fire detection systems that further improve and integrate with nature.

@MrTJP777 11 месяцев назад

I don't know how long it took you all to do that square firebreak... I feel like 3 dirt bikes and maybe 30mins of ride time can get the same job done... Dirt bike firefighters?

@robincosta8973 11 месяцев назад

Introduction of grass-eating animals is obviously an ideal situation, however, we don't live in an ideal world. Having enough goats to de-brush large forests isn't feasible. They would require human care, would attract predators and create enough fecal waste that we would then have another problem to deal with. Hence, the development of sensors. Human ingenuity is amazing.

@northerncoloradotransparen1454 11 месяцев назад

Animal agriculture does have significant environmental impacts, and many argue that it contributes to environmental degradation and climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions: Animal agriculture is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Livestock production, particularly cattle, produces methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Additionally, clearing land for grazing or growing animal feed releases carbon dioxide, contributing to deforestation and climate change. Land and water use: Animal agriculture requires vast amounts of land and water. Raising livestock necessitates large areas for grazing or cultivating animal feed crops. This leads to deforestation, habitat loss, and soil degradation. Furthermore, animal agriculture consumes substantial amounts of water for animal hydration and crop irrigation. Water pollution: The concentration of livestock in factory farming operations generates significant amounts of waste. The runoff from these operations can pollute water bodies, contributing to water pollution and eutrophication. Biodiversity loss: The expansion of animal agriculture encroaches on natural habitats, leading to the loss of biodiversity. Deforestation for grazing or feed crop cultivation reduces habitat availability for various plant and animal species, contributing to species extinction. Antibiotic resistance: The routine use of antibiotics in animal agriculture to promote growth and prevent diseases contributes to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This poses risks to human health as well.

@PG-3462 11 месяцев назад

In reality, its the overproduction of meat that's damaging, just like the overproduction of anything.. Farm animals that are fed using the by-products of vegetal farming or that eat on a land in fallow are 100% sustainable and actually the optimal way of doing agriculture to reduce drastically and even eliminate the need of artificial fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides. It's true that to overproduce meat, farm animals are fed using part of corn and soy that was grown for that purpose only. This is indeed very damaging and unsustainable. But animal agriculture itself is not the problem.

@drsbutler 11 месяцев назад

Excellent scientifically proven statements. Bravo!

@PG-3462 11 месяцев назад

@@drsbutler No, the facts are what I said. Animal farming itself is not a problem if done properly. It's actually part of the solution to eventually have a fully sustainable agriculture.

@northerncoloradotransparen1454 11 месяцев назад

@@drsbutler go back to sleep. DUH!

@northerncoloradotransparen1454 11 месяцев назад

@@PG-3462 animal agriculture is sad and disgusting. Any excuse to continue the eating meat. How many more diseases and how much death before people see the light??

@silviashefa4097 11 месяцев назад

As the climate heads into greater extremes globally, how can we best deal with future climate crises? The short answer is that we cannot deal with them unless we take care of nature's inner balance. We live in a tightly-closed and interdependent system in which everything boomerangs back to us. While living in such a system, we need to reconsider what we want and think, and how we treat each other, because our human connections are the primary influence on how nature responds to us. It is common to think that climate is dependent on factors outside of us-whether it be balances between heat and cold in the environment, or the effects of various kinds of pollution we emit-because we lack a complete picture of how our attitudes to each other bring about the strongest responses from nature toward us. No creature distorts nature the way that we people do. And it is not simply a matter of switching to renewable energy sources, electric cars and the like; it is a matter of how we relate to each other. If we truly wish to witness more balance throughout nature and not have to deal with all kinds of cold waves and other natural disasters, then similarly to how we have electricity, water and gas meters in our homes, we should also have meters that count how much evil we emit into the world from our negative attitudes to each other. What I mean is that if we could feel the extent to which we emit negative forces into the world, which negatively ricochet back to us, then we would wish to change this negative driver within us. We would want to switch it to a drive that makes our human connections positive, and which harmonizes us with nature. In simple terms, when we get up in the morning, we should first and foremost consider what we need to do in order for all people to have it good. Developing such an attitude is not so simple, yet we will need to seriously work on it as we head into the future. A life of increasing blows from nature or a life of peace and harmony depends on the extent to which we impact a shift in our attitudes to each other-from negative to positive.

@TheStockwell 11 месяцев назад

I'm always impressed at how people give their knee-jerk criticisms of a half hour video - three minutes after it's been uploaded. Imagine that: being able to absorb the content of a documentary just by seeing its title! Wow! 😳

@coldestwinter9913 11 месяцев назад

Looks like Wario in the thumbnail lol

@leahmontes2985 10 месяцев назад

For almost five years wildfires happened and each year it increases per hectares and often happened to same countries like Indonesia,canada etc...wildfires for hundred of hectares will cause so much humidity and hot temperature...are those lands owned by government sectors? And are the vicinity a private properties...maybe if those lands belongs to private sector or will be subject for leased as land for agricultural purposes may lessen wildfires because it is being cultivated so everyday a tenant for a.particular land will áll the time look for it to see any possible time for harvesting ...just a.suggestion

@leahmontes2985 10 месяцев назад

I mean a possible time to harvest.

@somayyamughal8313 11 месяцев назад

😢

@janklaas6885 11 месяцев назад

📍28:22

@user-st3im5ge7f 11 месяцев назад

Wild fire is one of natural phenomena, what human wants to do is invalid .

@kenxiong6830 11 месяцев назад

Just call California, they’ve got the most experience with wild fires. USFS is also a good resource

@mohammedsaysrashid3587 11 месяцев назад

Another wonderful documentary coverage video shared by an excellent (DW)documentary channel about fighting forest fire 🔥 by modern technology and community coordination methods to rescue forests from fire 🔥 to reduces carbon dioxide releasing, global heat temperatures in climate for stopping climate changes uprising....thank you DW documentary channel

@DWDocumentary 11 месяцев назад

Hey Mohammed, thanks for watching and taking the time to comment! We appreciate your support :)

@tossancuyota7848 11 месяцев назад

the forrest clearly lack alot of grass eating animals like cows goats horses etc these animals could have been the natural fire controler for the forrest without spending lots of cash

@chapelknight951 11 месяцев назад

True! That's why a lot of places practiced pollarding instead of coppicing because if you cut trees near the ground to grow multiple shoots, deer and cows would just eat the new green shoots.

@danielfernandeznungaray8996 11 месяцев назад

Free goats 😂 destroy the ecosistems where they don't belong. They eat everything, even the pine forest. At least that has happened in México. Plus, usually if there is no water for the trees, there is less water for animals.

@civilservant9528 11 месяцев назад

Eat Forrest, eat!

@paillette2010 11 месяцев назад

No, you fail to understand. Prescribed burns work understory growth and debris the way is naturally is removed: with fire. In Idaho there was a huge fire (PBS The Big Burn, great to watch) and the nascent US Forest Service worked like a yeoman to prevent fires. Well the problem is over 100 years of fire prevention has yield huge amounts of fuel. It is important to note that this is mostly not food for ungulates and other animals. I can’t think of one animal that survives on it in enough of a meaningful way. And we don’t want goats and cattle fūcking up habitat in wild spaces. We have enough issues with cattle and sheep on BLM land in excessive numbers. Fire in prescribed burns helps control the damage. In areas with heavy build up it fuels fires so much that trees, who normally sustain little damage from fire, will be destroyed. With clearer understory, as is natures way, fire will run through faster and trees survive. You can check out Outdoor Idaho’s website for programs addressing this. It’s a complex topic, but it’s better management.

@AS-uy8qi 11 месяцев назад

The answer is build thousands of water bombers and helicopters that can handle buckets. Should be plenty of money for that somewhere. Employ thousands of permanent pilots to deal with the fires.

@phloxdiffusa 11 месяцев назад

Repeated annual spring burnings accelerate nutrient erosion and loss of biodiversity of insects, flowering plants and fungal species

@phloxdiffusa 11 месяцев назад

and enhance the loss and decomposition of the compost laver reducing soil moisture content.

@jkj9404 11 месяцев назад

Dude the earths climate has changed continuously since the dawn of man and b4. People have been say for like 20 years we have 5 years to save the earth....

@Noneofyourfckingbusiness 11 месяцев назад

@@fspg3207*U r brainwashed 🤦🏽‍♀️*

@eileenbass952 11 месяцев назад

What a good idea using Goats.

@anonviewerciv 11 месяцев назад

Fire detection. 🔥➡📊(8:45)

@Duke.47796 11 месяцев назад

Badhti Abadi ka side effects

@J-berg 11 месяцев назад

Countries like Canada & Russia literally dont try to put out fires so...

@9UaYXxB 10 месяцев назад

What you're saying is misrepresentation of fact. The truth is that the logistics and equipment/staffing to fight fires on such vast scales, many of which are in areas of very difficult access, means some fires are given lower priority.... saving human life and infrastructure gets prioritized. All fires are bad, but some have greater menace.. for the reasons I've detailed.

@J-berg 10 месяцев назад

@@9UaYXxB canadas budget for wildfire prevention and control is pathetic. There are more firefighters fighting fires here in Oregon than in entire provinces of Canada. But go on

@meh3247 11 месяцев назад

A task only worthy of Sisyphus.

@Dots4knots20 11 месяцев назад

Most of us know how. The people who cam don't give enough ofa shit to.

@tanyamarie987 10 месяцев назад

💗💖💕💝💞💘❣️

@Mis-AdventureCH 11 месяцев назад

Is it "Climate" or did Europe make the same mistake the US did....putting out every fire, and removing the natural role fire plays in the forest from the equation? Because the main driver of forest fires is the fuel load. We made that mistake and the result was overgrown forests with massive fuel loads. You get a dry cycle and now you have massive amounts of fuel. This cycle has repeated itself for 100s of years. If a forest doesn't get a natural fire run through it, the fuel builds up. This is what happened in 1910 in N. Idaho and Montana. We call it "The Big Blowup." It gave birth to the USFS firefighting service. 3 million acres went up. Then it happened again in the 1930s. So, not everything is nescessarily "Climate." (which itself is a warming cycle that has been going on for a few thousand years now) And then there's Invasives. Austrailian trees have no place in Europe or the US. We have the same problem. Euculyptus and Manzanita. Huge carriers of fire. Need to tend to your soil health as well. Properly grazed and rotated soils hold moisture. modern agriculturer has broken that natural cycle and you're going to get the dry outs you're dealing with. Good to see vegetation management with goats. Also useful around solar farms. if you want to keep that up you're going to have to push back on the anti-meat crowd and stop the EU from playing games with farmland and farmers. You say you don't have enough people in agriculture, and then kick 3,000 farmers off their land in Holland. pack everyone into digital cities. You'll reap what you sow.

@Mis-AdventureCH 11 месяцев назад

@@NoNameWorks727 I've been in this space for a long time, both in science and on the ground, in AG, forestry, and wildland fire. It's my job. What I'm saying is that everywhere I turn I see "Climate" being foisted onto issues where management was the problem. And when I look behind the curtain of "Climate" I see nefarious, corporate power centers driving this that are simply not to be trusted. You really want to live in a digital police state run by corporate psychopaths who have proven time and again over several generations that they are not to be trusted? Have at it... When I look at data going back some several thousand years, (deep glacial core samples, etc) I see a warming trend that is cyclical, and where we happen to be on that cycle at this time. But that gets cast aside in favor of a data set that only covers about 120 years and is incomplete at best because we didn't have complete coverage until very, very recently. That's not "Science." And it seems to be taking on the aspects of a religion (which favors aformentioned power centers)....and humanity, especially the little people, haven't done too well at the hands of centralized religions.

@AA-vi1cc 11 месяцев назад

@@Mis-AdventureCHwhile I appreciate your point about how issues with management and climate can be hard to disentangle so management issues can be overlooked, some of what you’ve stated about the climate record is incorrect. The milankovitch cycles you reference from ice core data should be leading to a cooling period now, not a warming period. There already was a warming period about 10,000-7,000 years ago and since then global average temperature has remained fairly stable, slowly fluctuating about +/-1 C after stabilizing from the warming. Also direct meteorological records are more like 200 years old with adequate global coverage, not 120. More importantly are paleoclimate records from stable isotope analysis of ice cores, marine and lake sediments, coral cores, tree rings, and fossilized pollen that give us a long history of global climate. Ice core records alone extend back over 800,000 years with high temporal resolution while corals and sedimentary records extend back 100s of millions of years with a lower temporal resolution. These data are how we know we have broken the normal climate cycle since the warming we’re experiencing now is orders of magnitude more rapid that even an extinction event during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum, let alone the gradual climate shifts during the holocene. Another strong indication that fossil fuel emissions are driving current warming is the dropping C13 ratio in the atmosphere, call d the C13 Suess effect. This can only be a result of fossil fuel emissions

@nunofoo8620 11 месяцев назад

@@Mis-AdventureCH "When I look at data going back some several thousand years, (deep glacial core samples, etc) I see a warming trend that is cyclical, and where we happen to be on that cycle at this time." Then you are intellectually incompetent. Because when i look at "data going back some several thousand years, (deep glacial core samples, etc)" i see the current warming is clearly not part of the glacial/interglacial cycles of the Quaternary. And so does NASA, NOAA, and every reputable scientific institution on the planet. The insinuation that only you have access to ice core samples and other data from earth's past climate changes and only you have looked at it is the core belief of the mind of the conspiracy theorist.

@thegreataynrand7210 11 месяцев назад

@@AA-vi1ccClimate change is a problem it's not doomsday you doomer

@AA-vi1cc 11 месяцев назад

@@thegreataynrand7210 everything I wrote is true and backed by empirical data. Sorry if that upsets you

@merankankaniarchchige7613 11 месяцев назад

what a shame program 🙃

@Tom22Lr 11 месяцев назад

Shouldn’t have to change anything we do all ya got to do is stop the f wits lighting them fire doesn’t start on is own

@Funkywallot 11 месяцев назад

Forest fires are hardly devastating for our earth What do the experts say on forest fires ? " The increase in available nutrients following fire, particularly higher-intensity fire, can lead to substantial growth pulses " (Brown and Swetnam) " Forest growth and regeneration is vigorous after high-intensity fire" (John Muir) " "What hundreds of studies show is that patches of high-intensity fire creates one of the most ecologically important and biodiverse habitat in our forests, it creates snag forest habitat," Hanson says. "That habitat type is comparable in terms of wildlife abundance and native biodiversity to old growth forest. It is incredibly vibrant." ( Chad Hanson, a research ecologist) We have had forest fires ever since the first forest began to form. A billion years ago.

@wowJhil 11 месяцев назад

They didn't say that forest fires are not normal, at least one of the people interviewed. The problem is the scale of it.

@robertsteele474 11 месяцев назад

@@wowJhil There are fewer forest fires covering fewer square miles now than before the 20th century.

@paulwary 11 месяцев назад

@@robertsteele474 Ha ha! In Australia alone, the last megafire covered 24 *million* hectares, killed an estimated 3 *billion* vertebrates, cost over 4 *billion* dollars and took 34 lives. It turned day into night in some locations. You have no clue what you are talking about. Ideological drivel.

@AA-vi1cc 11 месяцев назад

Actually there weren’t forest fires a billion years ago. They began about 419 million years ago after the first appearance of terrestrial plants

@wowJhil 11 месяцев назад

@@robertsteele474 Well that can be the case, but doesn't change anything. Obviously with how civilization has spread out, we are even more likely to get affected by them. The problem now is more of keeping it under our limit of what can be somewhat handled so that lives and too much property isn't threatened. It actually doesn't make sense comparing to very long ago, because we are not planning on going back to that time.

@MrLoobu 11 месяцев назад

No, you cannot.

@wilowest3509 11 месяцев назад

Correction : How can forests be saved in an A,rsonist crisis .

@nayemislam2903 11 месяцев назад

Get some goats in the forest. Problem solved 😊

@vsstdtbs3705 11 месяцев назад

I don't think the problem will be resolved unless universal suffrage (giving women the privilege to vote) is reversed. Beginning of democracy only men voted, now most voters are women. Hence bias custody, support, employment and healthcare laws. It can be seen in this video, with a women narrating, while an unemployed man stays home. Men have lost their rights to put down their subjects, so we are overpopulated.

@johnstaples7735 11 месяцев назад

1:16 Disappointing that your presentation is guided by so-called climate “science”.

@JusticeAlways 11 месяцев назад

You an expert/scientist on this topic?

@krishnagupta-yv4tm 11 месяцев назад

im not saying about canada or other countries but what i said about india is 100% fact and even ghe water bodies are dying in india each year

@johnstaples7735 11 месяцев назад

Please provide the hard science evidence for “climate crisis” as the cause of the issue presented.

@AA-vi1cc 11 месяцев назад

@@johnstaples7735here are some sources: Climate Change Increases the Potentialfor Extreme Wildfires (2019) Geophysical Research Letters Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests (2016) PNAS You’re not denying anthropogenic climate change are you?

@arcaetype 11 месяцев назад

@@johnstaples7735 please drink some water and take a nap before you write comments on the internet, sir.