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168강(p. 156) 1/3
Whenever a new profession developed or a new group of people appeared on the scene, they had to be recognised as a caste in order to receive a legitimate place within Hindu society.
le·git·i·mate [lidʒítǝmit] ɑ. 합법의, 적법의; 옳은, 정당한.
168강(p. 156) 2/3
Groups that failed to win recognition as a caste were, literally, outcasts - in this stratified society, they did not even occupy the lowest rung./ They became known as Untouchables./ They had to live apart from all other people and scrape together a living in humiliating and disgusting ways, such as sifting through garbage dumps for scrap material./ Even members of the lowest caste avoided mingling with them, eating with them, touching them and certainly marrying them.
óut·càst ɑ. (집·사회에서) 내쫓긴, 버림받은; 집 없는; 폐기된.
━n. 추방당한 사람, 집 없는 사람, 부랑자; 폐물.
rung¹ [rʌŋ] n. (사닥다리의) 발을 딛는 가로장; (의자 따위의) 가로대; (수레의) 바퀴살(spoke); (사회적 지위 등의) 단계.
scrape [skreip] vt. 문지르다; 문질러〔긁어, 깎아서, 닦아서〕 반반하게 하다, 후리다; 문질러〔스치어, 긁어〕 벗기다, 비벼서〔문질러〕 깨끗이 하다《off; ɑwɑy; out》 ┈┈• ~ the potatoes 감자를 깎다
scrape a living 근근이 생계를 이어가다
hu·mìl·i·át·ing ɑ. 면목없는, 치욕이 되는, 굴욕적인.
sift [sift] vt. 체로 치다, 체질〔조리질〕하다
scrap materials 자재를 폐기하다
min·gle [míŋgəl] vt. (둘 이상의 것을) 섞다; 혼합하다
168강(p. 156) 3/3
In modern India, matters of marriage and work are still heavily influenced by the caste system, despite all attempts by the democratic government of India to break down such distinctions and convince Hindus that there is nothing polluting in caste mixing.
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11 окт 2024
