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1 Way - 2 Way - 1.5 Way LSD - Explained 

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What is the difference between 1 way, 2 way, and 1.5 way limited slip differentials? This video explains how a 1 way differential only provides differential lock up during acceleration. A 2 way provides torque transfer during acceleration and deceleration (engine braking, releasing the throttle), and a 1.5 is a mix of both.
NOTE: A 1.5 way LSD reduces the force that "locks" the differential together than if it were to be a 2 way LSD under deceleration. Having a 1.5 or 2.0 way reduces the likelihood of one tire from stopping (while one tire is still rotating) than a 1 way. If you're going around a corner while decelerating, a 1.5 way may be better over a 2 way, so that your tires still transfer some torque, but also allow for different wheel speeds so that one tire is not dragging or skipping.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The lockup created by the differential during braking is caused by engine braking. This occurs when the driver lifts off the throttle, and remains off the throttle. The locking force continues so long as the car is decelerating, while in gear. While in neutral and decelerating, the differential will act as an open differential, regardless if it is a 1 way, 1.5 way, or 2 way LSD.
Related Videos
LSD: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-ujsxq9WBllU.html
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9 янв 2013

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Комментарии : 190   
@andrewfossatti4937
@andrewfossatti4937 5 месяцев назад
Already been subscribed to your channel for several years. Why am I only finding this video now in 2024?!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
If you're going around a corner while braking, a 1.5 way may be better, so that your tires still transfer some torque, but also allow for different wheel speeds so that one tire is not dragging or skipping. Of course, with ABS for all 4 wheels, applying the maximum braking force doesn't require a tricky differential. Since ABS is banned in nearly all forms of racing, these differentials can provide benefit.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Finally, I agree that the end of my video was a little rough. I need to start watching them more thoroughly, and redoing parts where I screw up. I do usually require more than one take, and sometimes split them up. I guess this time I just didn't realize that I was straying off and blabbering. The intention of my video is for it to sound conversational, like you're in the room with me and I'm teaching you (no cameras around). Thank you for pointing out the error at the end.
@datsuntoyy
@datsuntoyy 4 года назад
WOW, you've gotten a lot more refined and eloquent since then.
@15thelongway
@15thelongway 4 года назад
Those voice cracks were savage
@philogre5771
@philogre5771 3 года назад
Come a long way for sure 👍 thank you for your explanations
@datsuntoyy
@datsuntoyy 2 года назад
@@timtwing5886 Sure thing mr negative. "gotten" is an accepted term as past tense of got.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
You are very welcome! Thanks for watching
@fry863
@fry863 6 лет назад
Just about every time I have a question on how something works you have a video answering. Thanks for doing what you do.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
When you brake the rear tires, you slow down the drivetrain, starting at the wheels, which are connected to the drive axles and thus the differential. By braking the tires, this force does pass along to the differential. A clutch, torque converter, system of clutches in an auto box, etc... is the link where the engine and wheels are no longer connected. So to slow your car down, you also must slow down rotating components such as the driveshafts, transmission gears, and diff gears.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Thanks, glad to hear that they're clear for you.
@tombax338
@tombax338 10 лет назад
Watched all of the related videos today, and I learned a lot. Thanks for these informative videos, much appreciated!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 10 лет назад
Very welcome, thanks for watching!
@kevinlaracaminero5493
@kevinlaracaminero5493 7 лет назад
tombax338 same
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
I work for a forklift company in Oregon. Check out my FAQs for a complete answer to your second question. The FAQS are on my website, link is in the description. Cheers!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
What I was trying to say is that it reduces the force that "locks" the differential together than if it were to be a 2 way LSD. Having a 1.5 or 2.0 way reduces the likelihood of one tire from stopping than a 1 way, but they way I said this was basically unclear and wrong. Basically if you're braking in a straight line with no ABS, having a 2 way diff would be ideal if conditions were different for each tire.
@steveskouson9620
@steveskouson9620 6 лет назад
I saw LSD, and was taken back to the '60s. But, you're talking about something COMPLETELY different. Like, in Star Trek 4, Kirk mentioned getting involved in LDS. I had no idea, Kirk was a Mormon. steve
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Correct, it can allow for the tires to rotate at differing speeds, depending on how much lock-up you allow the differential to have.
@XHikotheproX
@XHikotheproX 11 лет назад
I never leave one of your videos not understanding something. I always go "this makes complete sense" before this i really didn't know anything about LDS's, its one of the few major automotive concepts i could say that about. Great vid, as always!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Preload is exactly that, the load on the clutch pack prior to any other forces; it's constantly applied so there is a set amount of torque transfer. The percent lock refers to how much torque can transfer to the wheel with more traction. For example, a 75% lock means the tire with more traction can receive 75% of the torque going to the tire with less grip. If anyone disagrees or knows more, please share.
@iKRPictures
@iKRPictures 8 лет назад
you're the best dude, thanks for all the information
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Thanks, they just keep going!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Just checked out OS-Giken's website. Looks like they have all 3 types? I'd check out the product manual for your specific model.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Well one thing that was always a big help for me was to simply go to a junkyard and mess around with engines. One of the easiest (and cheapest) ways to learn, at no risk of damaging your own vehicle.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
So that both rear tires can spin rather than just one while in a drift. If it were an open differential, what would likely happen is the tire with less grip would spin, and the other would remain with grip, basically preventing you from drifting. A locked diff ensures that both tires are always spinning at the same rate, so this can also be used in drifting.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
This does makes sense. It does seem you would have to have a drivetrain connection (engine braking) causing the pin to lock the diff together. Reading up more on it now.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Yes, this does seem logical. I'm finding mixed messages after further review. On one hand: "Depending on the initial torque you have the diff set up, this diff will be locked when you are both on the gas, and on the brakes." On the other: "the differential will provide some level of limiting under engine braking." Regardless it seems engine braking is required. I'm unclear on if braking enhances this.
@Skyhawk656
@Skyhawk656 7 лет назад
You sir, need to go into teaching this stuff. I learned a LOT from this.
@ryansterling4226
@ryansterling4226 7 лет назад
What about Helical Gear limited slip differentials that are: 1 way, 1.5 way, and 2 way. And their effect in a front wheel drive car. I know you did the videos about the 1, 1.5 & 2 way clutched type of limited slip differentials, and the Torsen limited slip differentials, but those are not entirely the same as 1 way helical, 1.5 way helical and 2 way helical differentials. So basically, how this video explains the clutched 1, 1.5 & 2 way LSD, would you be able to make a comparable video about Helical geared 1, 1.5 & 2 way LSD's? And, could you help shed some light on their effects in a front wheel drive car? Thank you for all the wonderfully informative and interesting videos and explanations you have made, I truly have learned quite a lot from you and greatly appreciate your expertise and awesome way of explaining things in a manner that makes sense!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
you're very welcome!
@Dan-TheOracle
@Dan-TheOracle 8 лет назад
"While in neutral and decelerating, the differential will act as an open differential, regardless if it is a 1 way, 1.5 way, or 2 way LSD." that is still actually quite wrong. when freewheeling it still acts as an LSD but a non mechanical type. with the car off the ground you should still not be able to turn one wheel independent of the other (or at the very lest there should be some resistance) because of the preload on the clutch packs while at rest so how much LSD effect there is when your freewheeling will depend on this preload. apart from that small glitch, great vid explaining the differences and how they work.
@staygolden84
@staygolden84 11 лет назад
Thank you for these videos man I'm learning greatly.. God bless you
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
I don't believe it acts as open unless you are in neutral while you brake. If in gear, and braking, there will be a locking force from the engine.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
You're welcome!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Yes, aiding in decelerating so that the tire with more traction can slow the car proportionally greater.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
It's not locked when you are not accelerating or decelerating. It's like an open diff then, so going around a corner with your foot off the gas allows for the tires to rotate at different speeds.
@BMWgab
@BMWgab 11 лет назад
great video, man! I've a question: does the locking starts when the angular speed between the wheels exceeds a certain difference, so there will be an axial thrust on one side? or it will lock also in straight trajectory and in normal cornering? finally, in decelerating, if i'm braking so hard in a corner, if i've a locking of the internal wheel, the external one will be locked also, right? (in this way I reduce the yaw motion about z axis). Thanks.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Thanks!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Unfortunately that's just a bit too specific. I'm trying to teach concepts and ideas so that they can be applied to more specific applications, such as your example.
@Limeayy
@Limeayy 6 лет назад
i thank jason fenske for teaching me how they work. i didn't 100% understand how the clutchpacks squeezed together. i thought they squeezed together and locks up due to just the rotation of the differential causing it but i was kinda thinking about like... a how'd i understand from the A to D. Doesn't 100% make sense. This make alot of sense, the pinion shaft is letter B and the pressure ring is the letter C in essence, with D being differential lockup/clutchpack being squeezed together. Thank you again Jason.
@bibertkirk
@bibertkirk 11 лет назад
These are great videos. Thanks!
@0Sirk0
@0Sirk0 10 лет назад
great vid, completely understood the concept within the first minute and third
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 10 лет назад
Thanks!
@bassmetalheadbang
@bassmetalheadbang 7 лет назад
Great explanation!
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Eventually, hopefully, yes, haha. Thanks for subscribing!
@connorboll1442
@connorboll1442 3 года назад
Phenomenal explanation!!
@StudentDriverBR
@StudentDriverBR 4 года назад
Amazing video, but how much is the diference on speed necessary to lock? Its like if get 10% of difference on each wheeal it locks? You can change when it lock to need more or less difference before lock?
@jarekluiken7848
@jarekluiken7848 6 лет назад
So from the description I'm getting that if I have to brake on an icy turn I want to do it in neutral?
@colonelclusterfuck99
@colonelclusterfuck99 11 лет назад
I have a question about the lockup created by the differential during braking. How does engine braking occur when you go off the throttle for too long? Also is the amount lock in the differential caused by how much you are accelerating? As always awesome videos.
@mikegillean
@mikegillean 10 лет назад
Please make a video on which differential has best reliability for standard street use and can you differentiate which limited slip would best be used for different driving styles
@eXistenZNL
@eXistenZNL 11 лет назад
Great! I guess the next video is explaining a torsen diff? Either way, keep up the good work!
@tafaragadze6432
@tafaragadze6432 7 лет назад
im learning a lot form your videos. but I am only unsure of one thing. in most motorsports cars are required to yes break when going into a corner... but are also required to also accelerate at the apex of the corner and I don't think any of the clutches explained and showcased in your videos would be able d do it. could you please clear hat up for me so I can get a full understanding.
@bitelaserkhalif
@bitelaserkhalif 4 года назад
Hey Engineering Explained, have you gotten any monetization problem with this video?
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
I think you're over-complicating it a bit. The locking starts when there is a force accelerating (or decelerating for 1.5 and 2 way diffs) the differential, regardless of what the wheels speeds are.
@schrauberwolli
@schrauberwolli 11 лет назад
you are awesome! thank you for sharing your amazing knowledge!!
@richardgaufo2624
@richardgaufo2624 8 лет назад
Greetings from the Philippines... you're awesome
@pratikkadam300
@pratikkadam300 5 лет назад
In clutch type LSD, TBR is not defined ? please explain about when it will work as locked differential....
@mdfahim9513
@mdfahim9513 7 лет назад
how/why does the pinion shaft moves back due to acceleration or deceleration? Is it inertia? @ Engineering Explained
@turboluvr5404
@turboluvr5404 11 лет назад
I'm glad the whole braking forces point was raised. Great explanation overall. This diff is probably meant for a vehicle running on a road course using a manual transmission, then some of the reverse torque characteristics would apply. Also, I know this is the 1, 1.5, 2 way video, but there is a more basic LSD design without the crosspin ramp for the 2 way. These are the most common LSDs and just use the side gear separation forces. They are a little easyer to understand.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
VLSD, then Torsen I believe.
@lfadventurer500
@lfadventurer500 11 лет назад
I've seen most of your videos and find them quite fascinating.But,could you do an explanation on an LS6 Engine in a Chevrolet Chevelle SS454?
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 10 лет назад
Correct, it would have to be in gear.
@casual1324
@casual1324 11 лет назад
Useful videos. Thanks!
@tafaragadze6432
@tafaragadze6432 7 лет назад
Another thing related to my previous point... wouldn't a 1 way differential do the trick, but working in an inverted manner?EG. when breaking there is more lockup in the pinion shaft and when accelerating there is less than in breaking... but there is still lockup.Does such a differential exist?
@michaelhuang3404
@michaelhuang3404 9 лет назад
just wondering is this related to the ramp angle? what is ramp angle really
@danecurrie
@danecurrie 10 лет назад
Nice vids, been watching the entire diff series. Do you think it feasible to modify the pressure rings on a 1-way? Potentially welding material, then shaping it to mimic the pressure ring profile of a 2-way? Could you speak to the strength required, material used and possibly the material weakening from heat exposure? Thx.
@danecurrie
@danecurrie 10 лет назад
Upon closer investigation of your diagrams, it appears by simply machining away the linear plane on the pressure ring, one could turn a 1-way to a 2-way, thoughts?
@wrxsamo
@wrxsamo 6 лет назад
Thinking about getting a car and it has the 2 way diff and it makes a clicking noise is that ok
@posernotricer
@posernotricer 11 лет назад
i actually now understand how it works... thanks
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Clutch type LSDs are a common forms of LSD. Simply google "clutch type limited slip differential" and you'll have a bunch of different manufacturers pop up.
@kahisawheel
@kahisawheel 11 лет назад
Awesome. This was excellent.
@TheAj108
@TheAj108 11 лет назад
I know this is dependent on the materials used, but how much heat is generated between the Pressure Rings and the Pinon Shaft? I am just curious to see how much it would heat up. Is there any possible way to reduce this generation of heat, besides using different materials?
@rickitickidicki
@rickitickidicki 11 лет назад
well done, onto the next.
@iradickerson4960
@iradickerson4960 10 лет назад
I have a 1995 F150 4x4 with rear ABS, 8.8 355 rear differential. I Want to change it to stock Ford 8.8 355 limited slip differential.Do the 1-way apply to a ford Differential?
@Lssjg702
@Lssjg702 6 лет назад
What type for track use and 700 ft-lb of torque?
@jeremysabatino5670
@jeremysabatino5670 9 лет назад
This may be a stupid question but when you have limited slip differential which tire would be the main drive tire?
@DifRential
@DifRential 11 лет назад
Mate, awesome videos, is there something you didn't cover??? Perhaps air lockers?
@dorian8876
@dorian8876 2 года назад
Well explained. Thx,👊
@Diegothemexican13
@Diegothemexican13 2 года назад
Jason is a national treasure.
@pryderacing8056
@pryderacing8056 8 лет назад
Well done sir
@MK3504
@MK3504 11 лет назад
I have a question, I was considering getting an aftermarket LSD for my daily driver. I was considering the 1.5 Way, but I am told that it is "dangerous to drive" and not recommended for the street in the rain,and snow, etc. By the way my car is a RWD car @ (2750lbs.) Will it effect my daily driving tremendously?
@inorbit64
@inorbit64 11 лет назад
OS Giken for the Lotus elise is a clutch type differential. With a twist though. Extra springs draw the ramp pieces together, causing smoother locking.
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
VLSD tomorrow, cheers!
@sephiroth1386
@sephiroth1386 10 лет назад
The next topic should be how driver controlled differentials work. Like center ones on AWDs or the types used in F1
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
Just as much so as in any other car, yes.
@swayingGrass
@swayingGrass 10 лет назад
So at 1.5, only engine braking can make the differential locked when decelerating?
@brandoGTR48
@brandoGTR48 11 лет назад
which one do you think is best for road racing?
@niipheus
@niipheus 11 лет назад
Can you explain to me what is preload and percentage of locking in the LSD? Thanks.
@jarrusjenkins
@jarrusjenkins 9 лет назад
so.... let me get this right, and lsd sends the engines torque to the wheel with the most amount of available traction and when traction is completely broken it locks up so both wheels get equal amounts of torque?
@BMWgab
@BMWgab 11 лет назад
ok, I understand; but in cornering at low speed and/or in adherence, the external wheel is allowed to have an higher speed? otherwise, don't I feel a bad behavior on the steer like in a kart or in a full locked diff?
@otavioamaral3599
@otavioamaral3599 6 лет назад
Hi Man, my name is Otávio and i'm particite for team SAE Fórmula Cefast in transmission system. I have a question, you tell in one commentary: "For example, a 75% lock means the tire with more traction can receive 75% of the torque going to the tire with less grip." This is True? I always thought total torque they were 75% for left and 25% for right for example. And in Drexler case you definided the best angle and type ? 30 ° = 85,272 % ca 40 ° = 58,672 % ca 45 ° = 49,231 % ca 50 ° = 41,310 % ca 60 ° = 28,424 % ca In my opinion for test in line use 45 °(1 type) for equal torques and the desaceleration angle not harm, because it generates the angle 60 ° with the torque 28,424 % different. For the other tests like skidpad, auto-x and endurance i would use 40 °(1.5 type), because in a curve there is a difference of torque and as you say. "If you're going around a corner while braking, a 1.5 way may be better, so that your tires still transfer some torque, but also allow for different wheel speeds so that one tire is not dragging or skipping." Thank you for attencion and let´s talk about, that's very interesting in engineering.
@HazardGraphy
@HazardGraphy 11 лет назад
would you mind to explain more on ther type of LSD such as viscous LSD? anyway, great video... thanx!
@user-fv5kg6hr2l
@user-fv5kg6hr2l 11 лет назад
You open my eyes man
@sandroabba1742
@sandroabba1742 10 лет назад
My brother has a r31 gtr with a nismo drag diff on it , would it be most likely to be a 1 way
@you1my1
@you1my1 11 лет назад
سلام is it safe to add limited slip additive to any kind of diff and add it in transfer box
@lordofwar1441
@lordofwar1441 8 лет назад
would a 1 way lsd not lock up in reverse? like if you are stuck in a ditch and need to back out, you won't have the lsd helping?
@Fifress
@Fifress 11 лет назад
So LSD locking up whilst decel will help slowing the car down? I can't really understand why it locks the diff on a decel stage, other than aiding the car to slow down faster. Thanks :) Great video/lessons!
@shortfuse1993
@shortfuse1993 11 лет назад
so would an example of a one way LSD be the Eaton posi-trac system that GM used way back in the day? and when it comes to modern cars such as lets say the Camaro, Corvette, Mustang etc etc what kind of LSD would they run?
@EngineeringExplained
@EngineeringExplained 11 лет назад
I'm trying to gain a new audience :)
@olafschermann1592
@olafschermann1592 Год назад
Do these clutches wear out? They are slipping slightly on every acceleration when not driving strait.
@panniepheng8275
@panniepheng8275 9 лет назад
Is it good to have a 2 way kazz differential? I have a car that its stated "kazz 2way diff. very tight similar to lock but more ideal for grip also" Is it good to have, Cheers bro
@joeynachanphasuk7002
@joeynachanphasuk7002 5 лет назад
Pannie Pheng what car u have it on?
@jamessellards2900
@jamessellards2900 7 лет назад
Brilliant. Thanks.
@Pctreblih
@Pctreblih 11 лет назад
How do I know what type of LSD my truck has? And what type of differential is in the front of my 2010 f-150 4x4?
@davidzhao6270
@davidzhao6270 7 лет назад
differentials had been always a mystery for me. Now it looks to me that the limited slip type has lots of parts in the housing, as a result, is it less durable than the locking or open ones?
@uncreativename9936
@uncreativename9936 7 лет назад
From what I've heard their not any more likely to completely fail, but eventually they will fail to lock. Depending greatly on the type of LSD. From what I here Viscous diffs have the shortest life span.
@colonelclusterfuck99
@colonelclusterfuck99 11 лет назад
can you give me some info on welded diffs?
@inorbit64
@inorbit64 11 лет назад
Experience tells us that momentum from the grip of the wheels also causes e certain amount of lock, but most of it is down to the engine indeed. With a 2 way in gear (depending on clutchdumps or flywheel aggressiveness) you will definately have lock during decel/braking. This will enhance stability for the car.
@anandraj7631
@anandraj7631 11 лет назад
can you please explain electronic differential????????