26. SEMinR Lecture Series - Moderation Analysis in R

3. Hayes Process Macro - Model 1b - Moderation with Categorical Moderator , Continuous IV and DV

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2. Hayes Process Macro - Model 1 - Moderation with Continuous Moderator, IV and DV

Research With Fawad

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The tutorial will guide on Model 1 of the Hayes Process Macro for Moderation Analysis using Continuous Moderator, Independent, and Dependent Variables.
For Lecture notes and much more, please visit
researchwithfawad.com/index.p...
Download Excel Sheet to perform Slope Analysis
Gaskin, J. (2016). Stats Tools Package. statwiki.gaskination.com
#SPSS #ProcessMacro #HayesMacro #MediaitonAnalysis #ModerationAnalysis #ConditionalAnalysis #DataAnalysis #MediatingVariable #ModeratingVariable #ResearchWithFawad #SocialSciencesResearch

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6 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 123

@Alhamzah_F_Abbas Год назад

That was a great explanation. Thank you prof.

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. I am glad you liked it.

@phyusinlinthit5806 2 года назад

It is very useful for me. Thank you so much Sir.

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it

@user-lz2gv4ze5b 2 месяца назад

May Allah bless you, Dear Professor. Thank you. highly appreciated

@researchwithfawad 2 месяца назад

You are most welcome

@elpiopro Год назад

you’re a legend! Thanks

@researchwithfawad Год назад

You're welcome!

@user-ep4hg9rh1w 5 месяцев назад

saved my life, thank you so much

@researchwithfawad 5 месяцев назад

Pleasure. I am glad that it helped.

@syedabukhari7865 Год назад

Great job sir

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it.

@erumaslam1149 Год назад

Great explanation, could be please elaborate why you specifically mentioned no zeros in the upper and lower limit of interaction effect?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. If there is no 0 between upper and lower CIs, this shows that results are significant l.

@bouchralaamrani4674 Год назад

Thank you for this tutorial. It really helped me. Could I proceed the same way if IV and DV are continuous variables (likert scale), and the moderator is a quantitative variable: length of stay (kind of continuous variable)? Thank you

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. I am glad you liked it. Yes, you can.

@alisahaufler844 2 года назад

Thank you so much for your videos! Quick question: The whole procedure works even if my moderator + DV are continuous and the ID is categorical? Thank you!

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Yes it will

@mohamaditani8717 Год назад

Thank you Mr. Fawad great explanation. Could I do the same if I have an IV of three categories (small, medium, high)? If I create a dummy variable for Large and Medium and set one as my IV and the other as a covariate may I interpret it then?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. No need to create dummy variables for ordinal variables.

@Mila-kk7yq Год назад

Thank you for your tutorial! Can I ask a question? If change in R2 due to interaction is not statistically significant but the interaction is significant, can I still say that there is a moderation effect?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Yes, you will check for the significance of interaction effect.

@news3764 3 месяца назад

Hi Sir, this video has been very informative. I really enjoyed and would like to appreciate your professional assistance. However, for the sake of complete understanding, can you please attach the data you have used so that we can try and check out against the results for mastery of it? Thanks

@researchwithfawad 3 месяца назад

Thanks for watching. The data is part of an ongoing study and cannot be shared.

@xAanasTTasiaAx Год назад

Thanks for the informative video:) May I ask, if I have two moderators, would I carry out this analysis two times, or would I have to use model 2 instead? The moderators are not assumed to be related/to moderate each other (IV-MOD1-DV; IV-MOD2-DV)

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. I am glad you liked it. Please use Model 2. Here is a link to a video session ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-vKTf95s5DGY.html

@reneilwematimulane1324 Год назад

Thank you for the insightful video. Quick question, can one test for moderation even though a correlation test found that there is no significant relationship between two variables?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. Yes, give it a go.

@mahaasal7313 8 месяцев назад

Thanks for your great explanation, how could i calculate and decide on model fit using SPSS before model 1 procecess macro for moderation with covariates,?

@researchwithfawad 8 месяцев назад

Thanks for watching. For model fit indices, please use AMOS.

@elsalumia8147 Год назад

Thank you so much for the great explanation. Was really useful. I wanted to clarify the interpretation of the results using the gaskination package. In the video, you did'nt enter the value of the intercept, and it was kept at 3. Is this what we need to keep it as (3) while doing own analysis or do we need to add the model-specific intercept in the gaskination tool?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. You can change but it does do much for the interpretation of slope. Only the location of the gradients is changed.

@user-wb4be5xg4l Год назад

Hello Mr. Fawad, first and foremost, thank you for all wonderful videos. You are really enhancing the quality of my thesis. Two questions for you. First, when I have two IV's with the same moderator to 1 DV, can I just test them separately? Second, what would you include in a table to visualize the effect?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. I am glad you liked the video. No, text the model as a whole and for reporting, include the effects, IV to DV, MOD to DV, and Interaction to DV, R-Sq with and without the include of the interaction effect.

@user-wb4be5xg4l Год назад

@@researchwithfawad Thank you for coming back to me. How could I test two IVs, with one common moderator in Process?

@dewiintveen7241 Год назад

@@user-wb4be5xg4l @ResearchWithFawad Dear Mr. Fawad, thank you for this clear explanation! I have the same question. I have two IV's and now I tested the moderation separately for both IV's. How can we test the model as a whole in SPSS?

@gabrielleboimann95 2 года назад

Thank you for this! Do you know if PROCESS can test the interaction of one moderator across 8 IVs and one DV simultaneously? Or would it be better to create the mean-centered variables and test together manually? I am using SPSS if that matters.

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Hayes Process Macro only allows one IV. If you have more, please use SMART-PLS or AMOs

@tayyabarajput4761 11 месяцев назад

But can we do it separately like if we have 7-8 IV's can we individually enter the data nd find out the link of that IV with moderator?

@AtulKumar 2 года назад

wonderful and informative. Can you please tell the book you are using for teaching Process Macros.

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Well i am not using any. Doing it in my own.

@priyashreeroy2280 2 года назад

Thank you for the informative video...How to do moderation when we have have multiple ( for example 3 to 4) DVs ? Do we need to test each of them separately?

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

I am afraid, you can only have 1 dv in Hayes. You have to do it separately. Otherwise you can use IBM SPSS AMOS. Here is a complete Playlist. ru-vid.com/group/PLb7vm6tsQ3Kvinj9MFF6wbQFDBdkU1ERP

@priyashreeroy2280 2 года назад

Thank you

@CorinnaSchuster-uf3wv Месяц назад

Thank you for the informative video. Is it still possible to interpret a moderation effect (b2) even if the overall model does not become significant?

@researchwithfawad Месяц назад

Thanks for watching. Yes, you can assess it.

@CorinnaSchuster-uf3wv Месяц назад

@@researchwithfawad Thank you for your answer. Do you have another tip for the visualization? I have tried it with the given Excel sheet, but I am looking for a way to generate a graph in which the metric predictor is placed on the x-axis (M - 1Sd, Mean, M + 1Sd), the dependent variable on the y-axis and two regression lines are generated for the categorical predictor (e.g. 2 training conditions).

@davellatang8728 11 месяцев назад

Thank you for your video!! Can I ask a question: I did some analysis in model 1, and the interaction term is not significant, but the model summary shows that it is significant, how do I interpret the result? Does it mean that there's no moderation but there is a relationship between the IV and the DV without considering the moderating effect of the moderator variable (MV). In other words, the IV has a main effect on the DV?

@researchwithfawad 11 месяцев назад

This means overall the model is significant however the moderating effect is insignificant. This shows the moderator does not moderate the relationship.

@nayabgilani7918 2 месяца назад

thank you for great explainantion, i am running this process but grapgh i am getting is so much dispursed and having too much values can you help me solving this problem.

@researchwithfawad 2 месяца назад

What is the issue?

@mariadolorespachecoromero2761 6 месяцев назад

Thank you for your explanation!! I have a question... If running previous linear regression analysis my X variable is not significant related to Y, does it make sense to carry out moderation analysis? I have been trying to find a reference book that could answer me this question as I'm starting with research :)

@researchwithfawad 6 месяцев назад

Yes, please check moderation.

@prayaansood-akidwhosnotkid4334 Год назад

Dear Fawad..how do we find the "composite/consolidated variable' value from the given values of different items within each construct

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks for your comment. Take the mean of the items in a construct.

@sndbpaussie9186 9 месяцев назад

Mr Fawad, if i were to put control variables in the model, is it sufficient to put it in the covariate box? or are there anything else I should take into account? Thank you love your videos

@researchwithfawad 9 месяцев назад

Yes you can put in covariates.

@faizabutt4901 Год назад

What to do when one of the last values of conditional effect table is not significant and 0 also lies between ULCI and LLCI but the model summary and interaction term value is significant in above tables

@researchwithfawad Год назад

The conditional effect is for different levels of moderator. If it is insignificant, this means that the relationship is insignificant at that particular level of moderator.

@adac-consultancy Год назад

Thanks for the video. I have a question. WHat about when you have mutiple moderators? let's say five.

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. I am glad you liked it. In that case, use SEM tools like SmartPLS or AMOS

@demiluigi 2 года назад

Hi Fawad. Is Hayes Process Macro only for latent variables? Or is it possible to use it with observed variables as well?

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Hi. Yes, Hayes Macro is only for composite variables computed through the observed variables.

@ebarrettpsych Год назад

Thank you for this -- do you have a video with a dichotomous IV, continuous moderator, and continuous DV?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Pleasure. This video may help, it has categorical IV, But categorical moderator. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-TNNK_l3jP0w.html

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Hopefully i can make one soon with Categorical IV, Moderator and Continuous DV.

@inayahali9691 Год назад

@@researchwithfawad thanks for the link. I had the same question above. Kindly wanted to know can if I can do all moderation analysis at once with one dichotomous IV and 1 continuous moderator and 4 continuous DV or separately for each analysis?

@muhammadaamirkhan8182 Год назад

If the moderation effect isn't significant, so, should we still need to draw the interaction graph? Please advise.

@researchwithfawad Год назад

No, interaction shall only be plotted if the moderation is significant.

@figenkirkgoz Год назад

hello, i need to report my results in apa style. which symbol should i denote effect? is it d? i couldnt find anywhere thank you!

@researchwithfawad Год назад

In APA style, the common symbol used to denote effect size is "d".

@ruisantos9535 5 месяцев назад

Thank you for the video. The SmartPLS can't make this? i tried and the numbers seems different and also the T never pop up negative.

@researchwithfawad 5 месяцев назад

Thanks for watching. Negative sign shows inverse relationship.

@ruisantos9535 4 месяца назад

@@researchwithfawadthank you for ur answer

@miaoinperth680 Год назад

Thank you very much. Can i ask why it is model 1 chosen?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

There are different models each based on the type of theoretical framework a researcher would like to test. You can search google for Hayes Process Macro Models

@javariaurooj5168 Год назад

Explained very well. Can you please discuss the sign of interaction value. In current case the moderator (as per literature and calculated correlations) is having a negative relation with the DV and positive relation with IV. However, moderation interaction value turns out to be positive. How can this be addressed??

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Thanks. For moderation effect, assess the interaction effect. The sign will guide whether the moderator strengthens or weakens the relationships. Positive mean that moderator strengthens the relationship whereas negative would mean it weaken the relationship. Further, if it is significantly it is strongly recommended to perform slope analysis.

@javariaurooj5168 Год назад

@@researchwithfawad thankyou Sir.

@justiceackam997 Год назад

Pls will I be wrong if I mean center my continous variables (iv & moderator) wen using process macro?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

No need to do it manually, as there is an option to do it from the Process Macro.

@sankas2000 Год назад

Hi, how can I interpret the main effect (IV --> DV) with this output?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Please check for the p value. A p value less than 0.05 would mean there is significant impact.

@mahadevaswamy4877 Месяц назад

Dear sir. What is the interpretation if the interaction effect is significant. And only lower level of moderator is significant and not higher level of moderator. Do we still need to draw the intercation graph.

@researchwithfawad Месяц назад

This shows significant moderation.

@aryanhadir6039 2 месяца назад

I have model that is more similar to model 1 but i have 2 IVs can i use this model

@researchwithfawad 2 месяца назад

For more than 1 IV, use SEM tools like SmartPLS or AMOS.

@Bono988 11 месяцев назад

Thank you for this video :) Can I ask a question? The results of the analysis of some variables error. "Error encountered in source line #110359 >Error # 12417 >Source operand is singular for INV. What is the cause?

@researchwithfawad 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for watching. Did you the error in SPSS. Is your INV binary, double checknif it has one value

@Bono988 11 месяцев назад

Thank you so much Sir@@researchwithfawad

@hinasamreen7808 Год назад

Sir! What if the interaction term has p value of .046? Do we consider the moderation significant or nonsignificant? Kindly address this query.

@researchwithfawad Год назад

It is significant

@hinasamreen7808 Год назад

@@researchwithfawad thank you Sir!

@virginiedejace226 2 года назад

What can I do if my moderator and IV are categorical? Only my DV is continuous

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Then you may opt for Multi group analysis to test effect of Moderator and the independent is dummy coded.

@shayistamajeed9889 5 месяцев назад

Can u please make a video on disordinal moderation

@researchwithfawad 5 месяцев назад

Hopefully soon. Thanks for the suggestion.

@tehee3582 2 года назад

what kind of moderation analysis can I use if my IV and Moderator are continuous and my DV is categorical?

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

You can use model 1, the output will change as now you have a binary outcome variable. This video may also help in developing some understanding of the output ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-tlslGucrD_c.html

@tehee3582 2 года назад

@@researchwithfawad thank you!

@widodomulyo2474 Месяц назад

Can the Hayes macro solve problems with more than 1 independent model?

@researchwithfawad Месяц назад

No. for that please use SEM tools.

@zulaikhaalmass4404 Год назад

My version of macro is 4.1, I've followed your steps but this part "conditional effects of focal predictor " doesn't show up

@researchwithfawad Год назад

Make sure you have selected the right model and have added the variables where they should have been.

@Hotdog_Connoisseur 9 месяцев назад

sry sir i am unable to download the stats tool package from the link

@researchwithfawad 8 месяцев назад

You can google it and visit statwiki

@BB-od1yd 4 месяца назад

Sir why in my output theres no neyman Johnson results inspite of checking it before performing the analysis?

@researchwithfawad 4 месяца назад

Check if you are getting any warning when running the analysis.

@BB-od1yd 4 месяца назад

I don't see any warning messages, is this necessary Sir?

@parveshkamboj14 2 года назад

Dear sir, add some content on fsQCA and combined PLS-SEM & fsQCA

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Hopefully soon

@parveshkamboj14 2 года назад

@@researchwithfawad 🙏

@alishbahnaz3875 Год назад

Kindly tell me what does it mean if there is 0 in LLCI and ULCI.

@researchwithfawad Год назад

In simple terms if there is a 0 between LLCI and ULCI, this means that your hypothesis is not supported.

@alishbahnaz3875 Год назад

@@researchwithfawad Thanks a lot.

@javairiaaamer5364 Год назад

from where can we access this data set you are currently using?

@researchwithfawad Год назад

You can download sample data from Data in Brief. Please watch ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-ePY8YAxmoek.html You can also download the sample data from this link researchwithfawad.com/index.php/download-research-resources/

@javairiaaamer5364 Год назад

@@researchwithfawad this sample data is not avalible in both links ,can you provide the name of research you used for this video

@juiliballal361 2 года назад

where can we include control variables?

@researchwithfawad 2 года назад

Although, they have both similarities and differences (Covariates and Controls). You can add control as covariates in Hayes Process Macro but issue is that then the variable is affecting all the outcome variables not just the criterion variable.

@juiliballal361 2 года назад

@@researchwithfawad thank you for your response

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