@@halbrittit's because caffeine is vasoconstrictive. So quitting causes your blood vessels in your head to expand more than you're used to, causing a headache.
I realized this about 5 years ago when I received a tracker as a gift. At that time I drank quite a few espressos throughout the day and through the tracker I realized that I slept long enough but the quality was very poor. I followed this up for several weeks until I realized that it was the caffeine. The first few weeks without coffee were hard, but after about 3 to 4 weeks my sleep quality improved noticeably. I didn't notice it through the day, but getting up was much more enjoyable and workouts that were previously incredibly hard and exhausting were suddenly relatively easy. The recovery felt like it accelerated by 200%
3 to 4 weeks ay? I'm one week in. I was thinking of seeing if i qualify for methadone a couple of days ago.... lower back and leg pain was ridiculous. Sciatic nerve they tell me. That's settled now. Already sleeping better, thinking clearer. Just waiting for the borderline manic energy to kick back in..little too mellow for my liking at the minute. I heard a few people mention that muscle soreness completely disappeared after they gave the coffee away. That got me over the line to give it a crack.
I worked at a coffee shop since I was 15. I finally cut caffeine out of my life when I was 35 and it was the best decision I’ve ever made. I have more energy than I’ve ever had 💪💪💪
I've done caffeine cuts. Honestly I don't notice any difference, but then I was ever only a 1 single shot of espresso in the morning kind of guy so I don't think I drank enough of it to have any effect on me.
Same here. My energy feels pretty constant throughout the day, whereas before I would always crash in the afternoon and if I gave in and had 1 cup when I crashed, I would be up until 1 or 2 am.....then the cycle continues.....
I would enjoy a series on how studies in general are conducted from Brainy Chad Menno here. It has been a while since I have been in school and could use a refresher for sure. Placebo effects and other biases would fit into that series quite nicely.
Coffee bad if drink all time. Get person make coffee. They no say how much and they poor so cannot afford much. Better, get liar that fool you all time and they give no caffeine but lie very well. Mom say being dumb bad, but dumb good if fooled to thinking have super power drinks.
Menno - the placebo/nocebo effect and perceived effect of a substance being greater than pharmacodynamic one goes deeper than just caffeine. I recall a study using a sister compound of fentanyl about 15-20 years ago to examine that very effect. Participants were hooked up to an IV and asked to rate a pain stimulus. They rated it again as they were told they were being given the infusion, and also when told it would be wearing off. No surprise that the scores were moderate at the start, low pain with the infusion and highest when it was wearing off. What they weren't told is that the infusion was at a constant rate throughout and started before they even treated the initial pain stimulus. They performed fMRIs on them and found different neural pathways were activated depending on the type of expectation. I sadly can't remember enough specific details to find the paper and link it, but I recall it was a decent study in a recognised psychology journal. It does suggest that the placebo/nocebo effect can occur not just with inactive drugs but also with those considered so strong that the psychological effect would be thought to be negligible compared to the pharmacodynamic one
You can just think the pain away as well. I use this for stretching and sometimes during lifting and it helps performance. There was also that trial comparing dianabol and placebo and the placebo group gained almost as much strength as the dianabol group.
The complexities of placebo/nocebo effect are just kind of mind boggling. We want to rely on science as much as possible, but the wise man still has to answer many health questions with "I don't know for sure, but maybe this will work . . . " And that is the most he can say. Even a perfect study will find a range of results most of the time. (Death studies from direct sources are a pleasure because either you die or live . . . .). And that means that there were different results for different people. Until they can define why the results were not the same for everybody, there must be some kind of factor not accounted which you personally may share. So almost always, we can only say "Maybe this will work . . ." Overwhelming results one way or the other are often pretty reliable if the study is large enough I suppose. And going back to explain discrepancies, if possible, seems like it would be useful--some studies will try to do that. When push comes to shove though, we know that no medicine can say it works for everybody and there are always a host of possible (even if not likely) side effects that are required to be listed. At that level, at least, we know no person is the perfectly average person.
Been switching to 1 cup of coffee in the morning and decaf rest of the time, have enjoyed the pivot thus far. Still get the enjoyment of sipping something delicious but have seen sleep improvement
The experiment was a placebo vs. the equivalent of 5 cups of coffee a day, a huge 450 mg. Most people just drink 1 simple cup of coffee and have no ill effects but rather many good effects including decreased non-alcoholic, fatty liver disease. Keep on doing what you're doing ~~ 1 cup is so beneficial.
You are right, I didn't want to hear this. I am going to try 10 days without caffeine and see if my sleep improves; according to my sleep tracking, my sleep is rarely better than fair. The uncomfortable truths through objective thought and experimentation is a long way to define one large aspect of wisdom. Thanks Menno.
@@krane15 I've tried no caffeine 8 hours before sleep for 30 days and it barely moves the needle. I am hoping that I could require a reset where I don't drink caffeine for more than a couple days in the last 30-ish years. I've also been tested for sleep apnea a couple times; once in October of last year and once when I was in my 20's. In any case, saying that I will be successful with your suggestion was premature with the information you had and it could be something else all together.
I just dramatically dropped my caffeine intake 2 weeks ago and am sleeping much better. Now I have a coffee in the morning, and maybe a diet soda before noon, and Sundays completely off. (Won't go into the insanity before heh) Good luck to you.
I was a poor sleeper. I was up every night for ~hour. I stopped having an early afternoon coffee and my sleep was so much better. Rarely wake up now. I only have one cup of coffee in the morning - that would be hard to cut out! The change was immediate so it give it a try.
@@Joe-sm7mfas mentioned in this video, even one strong coffee in the morning can affect your sleep. As a hint, try water with a bit of magnesium and maybe a splash of apple cider vinegar half hour before bed. How did your experiment go?
Hello, Menno. These are interesting studies. However, I have found the following conclusion in 2019-th umbrella meta-analysis "Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance-an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses": "The performance-enhancing effects of caffeine on: (A) muscle endurance, (B) muscle strength, (C) anaerobic power and (D) aerobic endurance were supported by moderate-to-high quality reviews and moderate quality of evidence. ... The magnitude of the effect of caffeine is generally greater for aerobic as compared with anaerobic exercise." Are we supposed to stick to meta-analyses to understand some topic? Should I care whether caffeine gives placebo effect or "real" effect, if it works? Also how can I know what was the quality of studies you presented until I actually read them in full and have sufficient capacity to understand them? Just interesting your thoughts on this and around.
Thanks for this Menno. I'm off coffe because I've felt the immense impact it had on my sleep. It was clear for me that the disruption of the adenosine system is something that is not natural and it might not benefit humans in long term. Also i've read that caffeine consumption reduces blood flow into the brain, another aspect that got me thinking on leaning off caffeine. I truly believe that as any other substance, caffeine it not meant to be drank in everyday life. We humans have this tendency to become addicts (all of us) and we made a ritual of coffee. I've went to decaff because I love the taste of coffe and the ritual, and it also has the antioxidants as regular coffe, but it does not impact sleep quality and quantity. I'm glad you are sharing this information regardless of what people will think. Because it goes against mainstream culture. Thanks for sticking to the truth and sharing it with us.
I find it's useful to taper off caffiene usage during a deload week since I don't care if my performance sucks that week. My caffiene usage tends to go up right before I need to deload because I end up using caffiene to try to compensate for systemic fatigue, so the timing is perfect for me.
Caffeine ≠ Coffee. Coffee also contains other chemical compounds like epicatechins, polyphenols, and trigonelline which all together may contribute to different effects on the brain than just isolated caffeine alone.
Ding ding, this is perhaps a short sighted comparison video not taking into account such possible important details. I was going to say this until I read your post. Coffee provides a wealth of seemingly beneficial chemicals far beyond just caffeine.
As a lifetime coffee enjoyer a few months back I started waiting 90 minutes in the morning before having my coffee since I read that to get any effect you need to let some adenosine bind to its receptors first. After just a few days I stopped drinking coffee entirely because I was already awake and alert from waiting 90 minutes. I missed the taste but it stands to reason that something so stimulating chronically probably isn't optimal for your health and/or mood. I could go decaf but honestly I'm liking the reduced daily acidity for my gut and teeth. If I have a shit morning I might have one rarely and not only is it much more effective but I also feel better overall. Sleep really should be everyone's number one priority to be honest.
It would be great to explore alternatives to caffeine for improving wakefulness for those of us on variable schedules, if there are any that show promise. I work a regular job, for example, but play music at night. It would be great to have something with fewer negative consequences for sleep. All that comes to mind is nicotine.
I second this as someone in IT on graveyard shift working 10.5hr shifts, 40min commute both ways, and squeezing in 2-3 gym sessions per week. I know plenty of people busier than me who really struggle even with the caffeine. I'm sure many would love hear this expanded on. I know it would be hugely beneficial to me personally.
I Know People Think It's Over Hyped, But I Drank MUD/WTR For Months After I Quit Espresso... The Regular One Has Caffeine, But I Switched To The One Without Caffeine... Just A Bunch Of Mushrooms. I Feel Very Focused And Energized With All The Natural Antioxidants And Minerals... It's Worth A Shot When It's Only $29 For A Starter. I Love Their MCT Creamer Too. ❤️🔥😚🤌
I think you could just have caffeine only as needed at a lower dose and at the beginning of your day as opposed to having it every day and you would be fine
I’ve been taking L-theanine and only drinking 1 8oz. Cup of green tea in the morning….but I am trying to quit caffeine. I had kidney issues a few months ago and could not drink any caffeine at the time and I noticed that I felt steady energy through out the day and I had more motivation with no crash at 1pm. So, it might take me longer to “wake up” in the morning without my caffeine….but substitute the caffeine for a 10min full body stretch followed by either a brisk 10 min walk or cardio session like jumping jacks or running in place (for the winter months) if you can’t get outside. Everything in moderation and your body will thank you and be able to do the things you want it to do!
@@Joe-sm7mf You Just Gotta Hype Yourself Up. If I Make A Latte When I Walk Into Work, Then Get To Work Thinking I've Just Gotta Get Through The Rush Then I Can Drink It, I've Already Done The Work The Espresso Was For... It Works With Workouts Too. Basically I Gave Myself The Carrot And Stick Treatment By Accident Until I Realized I Didn't Need The Caffeine Because I Wasn't Sleeping And I Already Went Harder Without It. Then I Did It On Purpose To Quit Caffeine.
All I can say for me personally is that since giving up all caffeine 3 months ago, my sleep, focus, energy, endurance, skin, efficiency is beyond amazing. I’m not exaggerating just feel so good. And my anxiety issues are completely gone. Yes the first week quitting coffee was awful but just kept pushing through it. It’s really easy to justify using caffeine (I did for 16 years). But why not take the one month challenge and see for yourself?
I took a caffine enriched sports supplement that was meant for extreme athletes, I had heart palpitations, shaking hands, felt sick and a massive headache. The effects could REALLY freak some people out and make them panic and maybe even cause a heart attack, I spent my youth in the party scene and took various substances so the heart palpitations didn't freak me out too much.
I'm impressed Menno, too many times do I see people promote coffee even though it is bull, and most people don't tell the truth because they might lose viewers. Well done, you've earned my sub and respect :)
This is a video that deserves a lot more views, amazing. I am curious if this is the same for Green tea, lowerf cafeine content and some claim the Theanine improves sleep.
Haven't been drinking coffee regularly since my employee sent me to work at home because of covid. To me it always felt like drinking coffee in the morning is mostly a habit established at work.
Lately I've figured that adding a stimulant to the system, even a mild one like caffeine, will increase the need for rest when the effect tapers off. This became apparent for me when battling poor mental health and was close to burn out. Was probably a combination of the poor sleep quality from caffeine, increased need for sleep because of caffeine induced hyperactivity and big stressors in life that pushed me there. Now I'm usually having only 1-2 cups filter coffee a day and the last one usually no later than 1 pm. With this regiment I rarely suspect any detrimental effects. Although, who knows for sure?
Some more takeaways: * Drink coffee when you first wake up to avoid interrupting sleep (another recent study showed that waiting 1-2 hours after waking to drink coffee had no effect -- a popular piece of advice that's thrown around podcasts). * Alternate caffeinated and non-caffeinated days when working out and do your best to wait at least 24 hours before bouts. * Keep dosage really low: 1g/kg per day. For most people, that's really, really low. Average K-cup has between 100-150g. Also, unlike someone else in the comments, I highly doubt that the good compounds in coffee (polyphenols, antioxidants, etc) are causing long-term working memory inhibition. I think that's just rationalizing addiction. Let's get real, guys, it's probably the caffeine.
The researchers in the first study do not seem to restrict caffeine intake, which was 3x per day, to no later than for example 16:00. Which means that it could very well be that the third dose was taken too late and therefore would reduce sleep quality, resulting in the mentioned effects. This is even more imortant for higher caffeine doses like 150mg. We can't really generalize those findings to caffeine intake in general.
Since in the first study they took caffeine 3 times a day and the second study notes that you shouldn't take any caffeine 9h or less before bedtime, the deterioration of memory might simply be due to lower quality sleep because they take the last dose in the late afternoon. For me I generally don't drink coffee, but if then only when either long distance driving to avoid getting tired due to the monotone stimulus or when I slept too little, but not directly in the morning when the cortisol spike keeps me awake anyways but around noon to prevent the dip and post lunch tiredness
My own personal experience is that caffeine seems to impact me for a longer time than the average person. So in my case, drinking around noon can keep me up for a day or so at times (a day as in 20 hours perhaps). That's another limitation of studies. If they observe a lot of variability in people's reactions to caffeine, then the "average" result is not relevant to most people. Kind of like if you have a fatal allergy to peanut butter and 99% of other people do not. What happens to the average person is not of much use to you. You either die or not. You do not 50% die. So the thing about health advice is determining just how relevant these things seem to you specifically. Ultimately, we have to experiment on ourselves, just as you have done, to determine your own optimal use of caffeine in your day. You just have to be aware of perceived benefit v. actual benefit as one thing that Menno's studies he cites elsewhere is that the two can be vastly different at times! So we need to get some objective indicators, take enough control of our environment to limit outside factors interfering and maybe an outside unbiased observer to keep us honest.
The jumping study isn't surprising. Jumping isn't as volitional as lifting weights, it's mostly reactive and governed by the GTO of your muscles. The best jumpers aren't consciously jumping really hard, they're using technique, sure, but the act of the jump is taken care of by muscular-tendon reactivity.
Side issue: people with not-normal executive processing can react to stimulants differently. Test what works for you (or your teens), especially if ADHD etc. is in the family. Time of day also can be a surprising factor for those brains.
Thank you for producing videos. I think some extra data to show on screem about the studies you talk about would be good. Author names, methods, N, n, etc. Also going through some critiques would make sense to me before summarising. Many of the things you said sounded like "this is true" when it should be more: " this evidence suggests this.." Please and thank you.
I believe the main benefit of caffeine is probably the psycho active effects more than the physical. There is data of the anti depressant effects it has, and it compares pretty well to Rx ones.
I prioritize my sleep, I stay away from things containing chocolate and cocoa just to ensure a good sleep, I eat it in the morning, I drink green tea before training.I'm so obsessed, taking a nap makes more sense in the long run than drinking caffeine.
@@yeaveny3629 But thanks to the ltheanine feature it contains, it is better and it improves the quality of sleep. There is a research, read it and I only drink it on training days and drink chamomile tea on the other days.
Menno, thanks for the clarity with these studies. Is there any way you could put together a video like this on nicotine use for performance to highlight possible benefits and risks in products like chewing gum that some people will use for physical or mental performance improvement? Maybe get into long term endothelial cell function impairment or not, etc.?
Anectodally, when I quit coffee and sugar intake (3 cups of french press a day, 1 teaspoon sugar) colld turkey, I spent 2 days with shivers, brain fog and goosebumps. Felt like a heroin addict going into withdrawal..
I take 100 mg of caffeine in tablet form before my morning workout, three times per week. That's all I seem to need. I'm fine without it, but I do drag my tail a bit if I forget to take it before leaving for the gym, so it has become a bit of a habit/ritual for me.
Atomizing results of these studies so easily and giving such definitive conclusions is a bit disingenuous and I think Menno knows this. Caffeine doesn’t only have one specific mechanism of action, it affects many areas that cascade into other effects. For example caffeine in lower dosages relatively increasing dopamine higher than adrenaline, however in high dosages it mainly increases adrenaline. So honestly making such conclusion based on just 7 studies is hasty at best
Thanks for the great content. I wish you touched upon the termodinamic effects of caffein, it is the only supplement I use besides protein powder. Some research say 3 cups of coffe burns about 70 calories a day
2:18 damn I know that place, I worked there for 4 years. That’s Barcelona, near the Torre Agbar and Glories, the old Sellbytel or Webhelp I think they’re called nowadays
How about cognitive benefits? I think Hubermeme mentioned something about even chronic caffeine use making you more sensitive to dopamine and increasing motivation.
I'm curious as to the various mental attributes of the subjects of these studies, i.e. whether they screened for or included ADHD and other neurodivergencies(for lack of a better term) in their results, since we know that caffeine interacts with an ADHD brain differently.
Production of lactate does not buffer against acidity. When you produce lactate you are also releasing a proton and your pH decreases. Essentially you are producing lactic acid that is already deprotonated and now you have the active proton and the conjugate base(lactate). An acid lowers your pH(makes you more acidic) by releasing a proton. Once the proton is released, you are left with the active proton and the conjugate base of the acid. Lactate is a very weak base, so it will not revert back to lactic acid. This is why people who are severely septic have a high lactate and low pH. Yes, the lactic acid is not super high, but that is because the proton has already been released and you are left with acidic blood and the weak conjugate base(lactate) floating around.
I definitely feel better when I’m not drinking caffeine. There are times where it helps. The other thing to consider is how a lot of people add a lot of sugar to their drinks and that is also a factor in sleep and cognition.
Illuminating video. This has me seriously reconsidering how I've been consuming caffeine. Do we know if body composition influences the effects of caffeine? At the same mg of caffeine per kg of bodyweight, do people with very different bodyfat percentages get different effect amplitudes?
You Think That's Bad, Try A Candida Cleanse On Top Of Quitting Caffeine... Advil Won't Fix That 😂 But Seriously, Is That A Cycle You Want To Live Forever?
Menno, if I understood correctly, it would be ok if you have a single strong cup of coffee just once a week. This dosage would be below the 700mg of caffeine per week, preventing any significant establishment of tolerance? Thank you for the great information!
I drink at least 4 shots of espresso per day -- and I have been doing that for a long long time. Due to a minor stomach issue I was having, I decided to stop all coffee for several days. I had zero headache or problems. Zero.
Perhaps the sleep impairment data isn’t congruent to the level of habituation in the benefit studies, since when it’s no longer effectively stimulating beyond control, ie in the typical chronic consumption case, then sleep should no longer be impaired either right?
When I used to drink caffeine I noticed that I would sleep significantly longer, generally 9-12 hours. After quitting I sleep 7-10 hours. I quit because there was a week where I had no access to caffeine and it was one of the most brutally painful and debilitating experiences ever. I also always suspected that there was not really any performance gains. It kept me a bit more focused, but I've also accepted that taking breaks every 40 minutes or so is a normal and healthy thing to do anyway.
The positives of a little caffeine early in the day especially from proper fresh ground coffee or tea far outweigh the negatives! Polyphenols, antioxidants, fiber, relieving some depression and ADHD, mobilizing fatty acids for better fat burning etc. etc.!
3x 150mg doses is pretty high for most people. They should really be tailoring the doses to the persons current tolerance. If you dose too high, of course your cognition will suffer, due to stress.
When I drank coffee, I could not sleep until at least 12 hours after my last cup. Stopped cold turkey 1 month ago and no longer wake up multiple times to use the washroom, fall asleep within minutes, hence my awake time throughout the night is cut in half. I feel way better throughout the day as I no longer have afternoon crashes.
a) You have a sick camera b) Thank you for delivering an unpopular message| c) I'm glad I knew you before this video, otherwise I would have disregarded it d) I will have to start detoxing off my 8 cups of coffee a day slowly e) How does this relate to casual tea drinking
I like my current regimen: wake up **early** and workout first thing; then work and consume one Red Bull (every other weekday so just Mon, Wed, Fri). I’m a bit more tired Tuesday/Thursday, but I do feel I’ve retained my sensitivity as far as I can tell. I’m also still tired by the time my bedtime rolls around and it’s been long enough since I had any caffeine that I sleep fine…idk, problem?
Quit caffeine 55 days ago, best health decision I've done in recent years. The difference is big for me. You only realize how good caffeine free life is when you finally experience it for yourself.
I was drinking coffee only in the morning, maximum at 9am. Still my sleep was absolutely screwed. Also it negatively impacts my gut and induces tetany. I have quit coffee, I am better off.
Same here. Tried to drink it early on at like 7-9 at maximum, but nope. Sleep still interrupted I quit all sorts of caffeine last week. I used to sleep within 30-45 minutes every night. Without caffeine, I sleep.....wait for it...within a minute. I'll never drink caffeine again.
I think the caffeine metabolic rate varies from person to person considerably. Some people breakdown the caffeine in a couple hours, some might take all day. It could be you guys have slower rates of breakdown.
Menno... As someone with chronic poor sleep and chronic regular coffee consumption, I reject your presentation and- Genuinely, thank you for this video. I've slowly been reducing my caffeine intake over the past year and it sounds like there are good reasons to continue being even more moderate. Since we didn't see dose dependant response in performance, do you think we could conclude from the first study cited and the ones investigating dose dependence that even smaller daily doses (
Hi Menno, thank you for your great content. I have a video request/suggestion for you based on your kickboxing background. How would you advise to best alter and optimise your weight-lifting in order to supplement your martial arts, in particular striking, i.e. to beome more explosive and powerful. Thank you.
I have been consuming coffee since I was young. I have been trying to quit, but it's very difficult. I don't drink more than 2 cups tho and mostly just one or none now. Like today I craved coffee. I turned on the machine which always makes a very loud noise. the sound alone satisfies most of my craving and has effects on my bowels (I don't handle coffee that well xD). A bit later I had a craving again and did the same. I feel like pavlov's dog 😂
I use caffein 1-2 days then 1 break, or 1 use 1 break. I get very drowsy and sleepy when i work out without caffein, that's pretty much only reason i use it, to be in gym 3x longer. 200mg+ doses. But i do cycle to gym 10km and back after gym, hard cycling.
Here is a real world result from today. In the homegym. Was tooo busy with work for my new preworkout so I started drinking it when I started the workout. The first two benchpress sets has no effect. Third \ fourth set it kicked in. I was doing the same weight for the whole workout. Sets 1, struggle to get to end of set, but got there with some small pauses between reps. Second set I reached failure two thirds of the reps in after two short pauses. Third set *BOOM*. 100% of the reps done, no pause, and didn't even slow down, Fourth set, 100% but almost had a pause on the last rep, but I had also shortened my rest. Fifth set, still hit 100%, but paused once. I'm a habitual user, but preworkout has a major effect as the spike it much higher than I'm tolerant of (350mg).
I have not had caffeine for 15 years now. I'm 36 this year and my colleagues say I have the sharpest memory and I have the highest energy levels as well.
I would like to see a study where they got an even distribution of individual caffeine-halftime/-clearance and the different genes regulating caffeines affinity to the receptors it's known to act uppon. Comparing effects of different doses after withdrawal and after habituation both acutely and long term. Does anyone know if a study like that exists?
Hello ppl. I was pro athlete for 23yrs Olympics 04,08,12. I used caffeine just for my track meets and it worked big time. Drinking decaf 1-2 per day mostly morning time to not affect my night sleep. But only real coffee 300-400mg for competitions, was not able to sleep till 3-4am that night. Best for performance is good Turkish coffee. Worked for me much better that caffeine pills. The key is to keep receptors clean as much as possible if you want great boost with real coffee for a gym or something else on higher sports level. Also was using during weightlifting tests, squats etc and it was huge difference comparing to normal day in gym without caffeine.
Have been cutting down caffeine intake slowly for the last few years and I feel much better. The benefits of caffeine is outweighed by the increased cortisol and negative sleep impact. Down to 1 half strength coffee most days.
I used TO DRINK alot OFF COFFEE UP TO 6OR 7 CUPS A DAY But i noticed bad side effects, besides obvious sleep and pissing too often, i believe it was also depleting me of vit b to th =e point i was getting neorpathy effects in feet and arms. nowadays i usually only have decaf in am upon waking and caffeine before 10 am workout
9:38 6mg/kg of caffeine at once ? I would begin to have bad side effects from 450mg of caffeine. Like memory and attention impairement, and probably an annoying cardiac effect. Would this be nocebo ? Btw I think you do a great job at finding a balance between good and serious informations, and youtube game (titles, thumbnails etc).
So, one study concludes that higher doses of caffeine does not give different results than lower doses, and the other study concludes that highly caffeinated people do not respond to lower doses. One of the studies must be wrong, right?
I accept that everything you've told me is true, but I will reject all of it and I am left with an overwhelming sense of dread and cognitive dissonance. I do not dislike this video however.
