The abbey of Santa Maria delle Carceri, also known as the abbey of Carceri, is an abbey located in the municipality of Carceri in the lower Padua area.
Founded in the 12th century as a hospice for pilgrimages to Rome along the Via Padovana, it was enlarged from the 15th to the 17th century by the Camaldolese monks. The abbey was born on the ashes of an old church, in 1189 when the Portuensi canons consecrated the new church that they had built on the pre-existing church, prior to the year 1000, where the baptistery is still preserved, replacing the primitive building with a large Romanesque hall with three naves. The Augustinian canons remained there until 1407 and their activity was very precious for the reclamation of the lands, the construction of roads and embankments to contain water and ultimately for the population of the countryside of this area of the province of Padua, which was often subject to flooding of the Adige. A small cloister of 24 columns in red Verona marble remains from the period, variously combined and composite, which support as many capitals and arches forming a light and elegant structure but at the same time strong enough to support a massive and heavy masonry wall. It is a bit of an anticipation of what will happen in the Doge's Palace in Venice, where arcades on the ground floor built with light and graceful structures support the enormous wall mass of the rooms above. In 1407 Pope Gregory XII transferred the possession and care of the church and the monastery to the Camaldolese monks who ruled it until the end of the 17th century. The abbey thus became one of the most important centers of temporal and spiritual power in the Veneto. The large 16th century cloister, the nave of the church and the choir, the guesthouse, part of the library remain from the Camaldolese period. In 1690 Pope Alexander VIII auctioned the abbey to obtain funds in order to finance the military campaigns of the Venetian War of Candia against the Turks who threatened the integrity of Europe [2]. The entire complex was bought by the Carminati family who in turn later leased it. Due to the continuous changes of ownership, the abbey slowly declined, was subject to looting, theft, plundering, deprived of everything that could be used by the poor inhabitants of the area. The abbey itself and its surroundings were transformed into a large farm and adapted to the new needs. The villa (now a rectory) remains from the period in which it was owned by the Carminati family, the main floor of which is decorated with frescoes and inlays.
During the Second World War, the most precious works of the Marciana National Library were housed in the Abbey of Carceri.
Wikipedia source: it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbazia...
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