Amazing Bottle Gourd Farming | How to Plant and Harvest Bottle Gourd? How to Cultivate Calabash?
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The bottle gourd, scientifically known as Lagenaria siceraria, is a vine-like plant that belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae. It is an annual plant native to Africa, but it is now cultivated worldwide for its fleshy, elongated fruit. In this video, we will describe the life cycle of the bottle gourd in detail.
1. Seed Germination: The life cycle of a bottle gourd begins with seed germination. The seeds are usually large, flat, and white in color. They need warm soil temperatures (around 20-30°C) and moist conditions to germinate. The seeds absorb water and swell, leading to the emergence of the radicle, which is the first part of the plant to emerge from the seed.
2. Seedling Stage: Once the seed germinates, a young seedling emerges from the soil. The initial leaves, known as cotyledons, are broad and smooth. As the seedling grows, the true leaves develop, which are deeply lobed and have a heart-shaped appearance. At this stage, the seedling requires proper care, including regular watering, adequate sunlight, and protection from pests and diseases.
3. Vegetative Growth: After the seedling stage, the bottle gourd plant enters a phase of vigorous vegetative growth. The main stem elongates and starts producing lateral branches. The plant develops a sprawling vine-like structure with tendrils that help it climb or creep along the ground or support structures. During this stage, the plant requires a trellis or ample space to grow and spread.
4. Flowering: The bottle gourd plant typically starts flowering when it becomes mature, which is around 40-60 days after sowing. It produces both male and female flowers on the same plant. The male flowers appear first, followed by the female flowers. Male flowers have long stalks and are produced in greater numbers, while the female flowers have a small, swollen base that represents the future fruit. The flowers are usually white or yellow, and they attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.
5. Pollination: Bottle gourd flowers are pollinated primarily by insects, especially bees. The male flowers produce abundant pollen, which is collected by bees and transferred to the female flowers. Cross-pollination between different plants is common, although self-pollination can also occur within the same plant. Successful pollination is crucial for the development of fruits.
6. Fruit Development: After successful pollination, the female flowers start to develop into fruits. The fruits are initially small and green, but they grow rapidly in size. As they mature, they turn yellow or orange, depending on the variety. The bottle gourd fruit has a thick, hard outer skin and a spongy flesh inside. The fruit usually has a bottle-like shape, giving the plant its common name.
7. Harvesting: The time taken for the fruits to mature varies depending on the variety and growing conditions. Generally, it takes 70-90 days from sowing to harvest. The bottle gourd is harvested when the skin turns hard and the fruit reaches its desired size. It is essential to harvest the fruits before they become overripe and lose their quality. The fruits are cut from the vine using sharp tools, leaving a portion of the stem attached.
8. Seed Saving: Once the fruits are harvested, the seeds can be saved for future planting. The mature fruits are left to dry out for several weeks until the outer skin becomes brown and dry...
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24 май 2024
