Antiepileptics/Seizure Pharmacology 

The mechanism of Levetiracetam has been better clarified since I originally made this video. The mechanism is still somewhat unknown, but it's thought that the drug binds to synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). SV2A is a part of secretory vesicle membranes that is involved in calcium-dependent vesicular neurotransmitter release. Thus, binding SV2A appears to decrease the rate of vesicle release.

I have an extended mnemonic for SJS: APPLE PCS A-llopurinol P-henitoin P-henobarbital L-amotrigine E-thosuximide P-enicillin C-arbamazepine S-ulfonamides Hope it helps. ;)

I thought this would definitely be on here....BEN likes it more frequent, BARB likes it longer....talking about chloride channels of course! You will never forget!

I would like to correlate this great video with Levetiracetam mechanism of action (with mnemonic) which is known now Levetiracetam- is modulation of synaptic neurotransmitter release by binding to SV2A SV2A (street vagabond) levitate 2 Attract

There are reports that one of the major tests is asking where in the brain specifically ethosuximide works and the answer is the thalamus (T type channels).

levetiracetam has a mechanism now- it binds to a synaptic vesicle protein(SV2A) to modulate the release of GABA and Glutamate.

I just started watching this channel and man your videos are great! Makes pharma so much easier, thanks so much!

Thanks for this video. You made these drugs incredibly easy. All of Your videos are Straight to the point. Love it!

What a Gift you have for teaching! God bless you above and beyond all you can ever imagine! Thanks is not enough to express my gratitude for your videos!

Thanks for the great video!! Can you guys make one on Anesthetic agents and properties? Like understanding MAC, solubility and all for different agents?

Thank you so much for these videos! You make studying usmle so simple and interesting :) keep up the good work

I remember Phenytoin SE as TOIN (toying) with the PHaces (face... gingival hyperplasia and fetal hydantoin synd)

Bless you! Thanks for the great break down

THANK YOU finally someone with honest advise on learning this, couldn't word it any better haha

THANK YOU! I was having trouble with this.

I just thought of this while watching the video Mercedes Benz (Benzodiazepines) are Fast (Frequency). Not dirty but its noice lol

I NEEDED THIS! THANK YOU!

Topiramate also works on AMPA so I remember Tampa Florida is next to the beach, where the water is salty and people are in good shape (it causes weight loss) AND they're feeling good (its also used for migraine)

Excellent video! My pharm test is Monday and I will definitely remember antiepileptics!

I love these videos I’m learning something and laughing my ass off at the mnemonics at the same time

14:57 Vigabatrin Permanent visual loss (black box warning)

Thank you so much!! Extremely helpful

thank you this is a topic that has me really weird out before test day, hope it helps, let you all know

YOU ARE THE BEST !!!

Please do a video on endocrine phys/ disorders! And an extended rapid high yield pharm!

For all bollywood fans Salman Khan have trigeminal neuralgia You all know CAR incident (carbamazepine) You also know SHOOTING incident(shooting pain)

Salams! Thank you ❤ for the amazing content!

Thanks. This video is amazing 👍

Benzo short form is BZD which is similar to Hz,hence increases freq of chloride channel

Thank you 🙏

Very helpful !!! Thanks 👍

Thankyou so much....one help needed...please put video of antidiabetic drug!!

Thank you so much

Good job

Good video man. Think its important to mention that Phenytoin also causes SJS. Consider adding "Phil" to the friend group mnemonic. Cheers

You are amazing 🤩

Outstanding video

dirty telling me to calm down at the beginning of the video really made me tear up

Thank you for the Nsync mnemonic which made this all much easier to remember, I love it hahahah

bruhhhhh i just took my neuro pharm final yesterday haha, used your old vid tho! :)

I've used the mnemonic for Phenytoin "0 Teeth for kids in Phenytoin" (zero order kinetics, teeth because of the gingival hyperplasia, fetal hydantoin syndrome and P for P450 inducer)

Are the same person who talked about the legendary video on cranial nerve memorization? Your voice and way of explanation are quite similar xD. Never mind me. Thanks that was helpful!

thank you for great mnemonics...yet, can i have a quick question; if the patient was out ( lost consciousness after a brief shaking and jerking) for unknown time and brought to the ER...then which one do we give to the patient....some sources divide into 2 types; Focal vs gen seizure....then from the brief question stem...how do we know if the patient have a focal or gen seizure...then how do we know which type of med (Narrow spectrum Rx or Broad spectrum Rx)... thank you in advance...sorry for asking too much...but please help me or others with this kinda spec question...

In some books it has levetiracetam as calcium channel and gaba

Gabapentin was thought to increase GABA activity but it turns out it's blocks Ca channels. Stated also in new FA.

I'm on two of these drugs(along with two others): Topiramate and Lamotrigine

All adverse effects of VALPROATE V omiting A lopecia L iver toxicity P ancreatitis R ash O besity A norexia T eratogenicity(NTD) E dema btw these videos are nice❤

Please, PLEASE, make a video about diabetes drugs - mnemonic!!

I have question, how anti-depressants (benzo, barb) work on both depression and seizures at the same time ?

really helpful

Great video. One thing: it seems Gabapentin was left out. Did you have any mnemonics for it?

you genius

AL PRO is awesome! 🎉

BZ also makes me think of Hz which is the unit of frequency. So think z -> Hz so Benzos alter frequency.

Bro this is so good ,dirty is unreal

how is gingival hyperplasia related to snow?

Dirtyyyyyyyyy I loveeeee ya mannnnn😂❤this was gooddddddd

I really love the way u explained it Hu hu autosubscribe 😍😍

1. you're a god, nothing more to say 2. another way to remember frequency vs duration of barbs vs benzos -> benzodiazepine -> more letters than barbiturate -> frequency -> more letters than duration more letters = more letters (BZ = Freq) and vice versa

Seizure drugs were not difficult but they can get easily mixed up in my head lol

You edited the chapter time stamps wrong at the end. It should be: Lamotrigine @9:43 Benz & Barbs @11:09 Levetiracetam @12:36 Tiagabine & Vigabatrin@13:16 Topiramate @13:42 Hope this helps you correct it.

My book keeps saying PTZ, maximal electroshock, kindling..... I'm so confused 😑😑

Please please uplod anti diabetic drugs just for 1 day....I need it 🙏🙏

Hi. Is valproate cause weight gain

Phenytoin can also cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Good summary; I wonder why you called Na (Sodium) as 'salt'.

I believe there are only 3 meds to test on me for my Refractory & complex generalized epilepsy. I'm 46. Medical marijuana works

karl, larry, ethan, steven & johnson :D

Ben wants it more often but Barb wants it to last longer. Benzo v Barbitu

Plzzzz make video on anesthesia drugssssss😥😥

Bitch to learn 😂😂😂 Instantly subscribed Amazing vedio thanks 🙌🏻

Could someone please clarify what he means by saying benzodiazepines & barbiturates are abortive: - they both cause abortion Or -they are used to immediately abort the seizures on the operating table

is this a reupload?

Gabapentin?

Muuaaah

why do you pronounce mnemonic, "pneu- monic"?

BenZo increases frequenZ

Where's Gabapentin?

Y

Ewww Dallas Cowboys, good vid though.

Anti-epileptics are a B*TCH to learn. No truer words. Dirty always keeps it real

lame-O lol