This was really unexpected, so wholesome :) Unfortunately or not, the algorithm has been efficient and this content has been really helpful instead of painstakingly questioning certain dilemmas without some external, analytical intervention. Weirdly, the suggested videos often relate to many issues I've been thinking about recently. Not trying to be reductionist here, but it's as if the psychologist went to me by the algorithm instead of going directly to him/her . (regarding algorithms, that could be a huge problem.). It certainly feels like people are getting more introspective because of the pandemic, and this kind of content helps them (me included) a lot.
@@wayland8 On the other hand, your tale romanticizes the idea that there was "social pressure" in Rio to escape from. The military dictators were just too happy to go back to Rio to announce their AI-5 from there, no fear of social pressure whatsoever. They were actually still fondling plans to move the capital back to Rio late into the 1970s. In Brasilia, in the meantime, the crowd was defying the generals to give JK the funeral they didn't want him to have. Swings and roundabouts, I guess.
@@JorgeVirgilio It is certainly an opinion, but not a certainty in any meaningful way. I, for one, find Rio to be a deplorable place - as you can see, there's no unanimity.
"In the future, so the capital argues, Brazil will be a place where rationality is powerful, where order and harmony reign, and where elegance and serenity are normal" God: Oh, Niemeyer, we have to talk
It is so interesting that some of the legendary Brazilian songwriters like Antonio Carlos Jobim and Chico Buarque also studied architecture! Both of them deeply admired Oscar Niemeyer. In an interview, Chico says that Niemeyer was "a very musical architect". He would always listen to music while working. Songs by Tom Jobim and Vinicus, Cartola, Noel Rosa, traditional music from Rio... In one of his books Chico Buarque tells us that Oscar Niemeyer had designed a house for Chico's father. Unfortunately it could never be built. But what he says about this dream that didn't come true, is very touching: " When my music turns out well, I think it sounds like something by Tom Jobim. Tom’s songs, in my mind, are Niemeyer’s houses’. Unfortunately I couldn't find that passage of the book in English, where Chico pays tribute to Oscar Niemeyer, but for friends who speak Portugues, here it is: "A casa do Oscar era o sonho da família. Havia o terreno para os lados da Iguatemi, havia o anteprojeto, presente do próprio, havia a promessa de que um belo dia iríamos morar na casa do Oscar. Cresci cheio de impaciência porque meu pai, embora fosse dono do Museu do Ipiranga, nunca juntava dinheiro para construir a casa do Oscar. Mais tarde, num aperto, em vez de vender o museu com os cacarecos dentro, papai vendeu o terreno da Iguatemi. Desse modo a casa do Oscar, antes de existir, foi demolida. Ou ficou intacta, suspensa no ar, como a casa no beco de Manuel Bandeira. Senti-me traído, tornei-me um rebelde, insultei meu pai, ergui o braço contra minha mãe e sai batendo a porta da nossa casa velha e normanda: só volto para casa quando for a casa do Oscar! Pois bem, internaram-me num ginásio em Cataguazes, projeto do Oscar. Vivi seis meses naquale casarão do Oscar, achei pouco, decidi-me a ser Oscar eu mesmo. Regressei a São Paulo, estudei geometria descritiva, passei no vestibular e fui o pior aluno da classe. Mas ao professor de topografia, que me reprovou no exame oral, respondi calado: lá em casa tenho um canudo com a casa do Oscar. Depois larguei a arquitetura e virei aprendiz de Tom Jobim. Quando a minha música sai boa, penso que parece música do Tom Jobim. Música do Tom, na minha cabeça, é a casa do Oscar." Thanks School of Life for this very beautiful lesson! Watching this, I remembered the line I loved the most, from Alain de Botton's documentary on architecture caled " The perfect Home": " Beauty is goodness written into matter".
@@joaoghl Oi Joao! Sinto muito por responder tarde. Mas Jaqueline ja deu a resposta! Voce pode ouvir a historia aqui do propio Chico tambem :ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-NGBOTRJTr30.html . Um abraço!
Please don't forget our Brazilian branch in Sao Paulo: www.theschooloflife.com/saopaulo/ Do you want to join our community and become a channel member? Our films will always be here for free but we have now enabled channel membership where you can support the channel, get exclusive perks and have a say on what films we produce: ru-vid.com/show-UC7IcJI8PUf5Z3zKxnZvTBogjoin
If we become channel members will you guys deal with issues such as Race, migration, anti imigration sentiment, police brutality and Slavery? Or are you just going to keep talking about quadrangles, affairs and public square gardens
As a Brazilian, I feel very proud when I see content about my country in so respectful channel. Thanks School of Life. Suggestion for the next: "Literature: Machado de Assis".
Tu sentas aí no minhocão cada dia? Tenho boas memórias, fiz vestibular no 1984 pra engenharia elétrica e passei um semestre lá, mais era época de greve dos estudantes e professores nesses anos do Figueiredo, perdemos o meu primeiro semestre. Vim aos EUA pra estudar. Às vezes contemplo como seria a vida se tivesse ficado lá. Disfrute da tua realidade!
Just a reminder: Brasilia's urbanism was designed by Lucio Costa. Also: the ceramics from Athos Bulcão, the landscapes from Burle Marx and so many others made Brasilia what it was.
This was pretty.. I studied architecture in the university that Oscar Niemeyer`s school came to be, back then architecture was part of the Fine Arts academy and later they made it`s own separate building and classes. Unfortunately now a days there`s almost no liberty for new students and architects to create, the university became once more a "copy the European style" which is just so sad as we had this amazing example of what Brazilian architecture could be.. Our government every day more discourages culture, freedom and brazilian identity.. I really hope Brazil will one day becomes this incredible place Niemeyer saw underneath the dirt.
I remember the first time I visited my family in brazil one of the first places they wanted to show me was an art museum designed by Niemeyer. Which to me shows the impact his buildings had on the people of his county; they were so proud that that man built his art in their country. I was in 7th grade and its the first time I really felt emotion from a building. It was such an overwhelming calm. That building single-handedly gave birth to the love of architecture I have today.
I long for that vision of Brazil: vibrant, intelligent, and deeply original. A country which can positively contribute to mankind, by offering the world a new civilization. Unfortunately, currently those who wish for Brazil to be just another "normal" country - a pastiche of old European and American ideas struggling to be coherent in a wholly alien environment - have the upper hand. But history is never over. This deeply disturbing times will pass and we shall prevail, as we stand for reason and humanity. And these values will never perish!
I wouldn't say that a country that contributes positively to mankind is a deeply original idea. That's kind of what America was founded on. And even before that the sentiment was present in many places.
Finally it’s great to see Niemeyer get some credit for championing “expressive modernism”. He continues to inspire current architects who have built on his work.
As a Brazilian living in the US I sometimes get sad by how we have so many things to share that are ignored. I took two Humanities classes ( that were great, BTW) it feels Europe is the only place you can learn about art outside the US. Im from Rio, lived 2 blocks from the museum at 2:34 and have seen many other buildings in this video and others that were not shown. Niemeyer was a genius we rarely see.
The definition of modernism itself made me feel sick. Making every building in the world look the same regardless of culture and different views on beauty is a disgusting philosophy
@@theschooloflifetv How is it anything else? By having a forced uniformity, all forms of cultural expression and history in building are replaced with cookie cutter squares. It kills a sense of being a part of a distinct community and makes everywhere look the same. What other words would you use for it?
@@dantopster Yeah I know. My main gripe was with the European modernists. Although Niemeyers stuff looks like it should be part of an old and corny science fiction movie
Niemeyer also designed the Estação Cabo Branco in city of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba,it's beautiful. A pity that didn't appeared on the video, but it's a great video!
But at the end of the day, modern cities are eyesores and all the wonderful ideas behind post-modern and modernist architecture have been used to spare firms the expense of building something beautiful.
There is a little misunderstanding, Brasília was planned and developed by another architecture, Lúcio Costa !! Oscar Niemeyer did the most important buildings of Brasilia, but not Brasilia itself.
He build half of my city. I'm not a fan of his work but I like his vision. I know people that live in one of his buildings and they say they can't find funiture as the walls are curvy HAHAHA
" Como dizia Niemayer : É PRECISO SONHAR,PARA AS COISAS ACONTECEREM ",mas nosso maior expoente da Arquitetura não era um homem sonhador: Foi e legou a nós e ao mundo, " Á determinação de transformar sonhos em realidade". NIEMAYER,moldou as adversidades da vida,com a mesma maestria que moldada o duro concreto : FAZENDO- O rígido material FLEXÍVEL AOS SEUS PROJETOS DE EXTREMA GRAÇA E GENIALIDADE COM A MESMA FACILIDADE COM QUE OS TRAÇAVA NA PRANCHETA.GRANDE MESTRE,GRANDE É OSCAR ! 👏👏👏👏👏
My dad grew up in a builduing being his neighbor. Very humble man
4 года назад
"Brazil will be a place where rationality is powerful, where order and harmony reign, and where elegance and serenity are normal" I really hope that besides being an architect, Niemeyer had also been a prophet.
Thank you for including the part about women. This is important to create a picture of him. A lot of these videos never mention these things and only mention the accomplishments of a person.
Love the Brasilia designs and how they influenced the Broyhill furniture line. I have a room divider and credenza in that style that I'll never let go of.
Solzhonytzyn: a historian who didn't use sources Evola: A person who called himself a "super fascist" in an international courtroom Friedman: The person whose economic policies bankrupted Chile and called it "an economic miracle" Jung: Ok Jung seems like a pretty cool dude.
@@TechieDeals bankrupted Chile? More like it gave its development. It has its problems, of course, but way better than another model followed by many other countries, and by which the list of countries bankrupted is way longer.
@@orlandodavidmelendezparis6635 Please explain. www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/30/pinochet-economic-model-current-crisis-chile Pinochet's market liberalization stopped the Chillean currency from hyperinflation, that seems true to everyone, but in an attempt to fix a few macroeconomic issues, he caused MASSIVE microeconomic damage which Chile is paying for today.
Just a quick correction: Niemeyer was not the first regional modernist. Architects like Alvar Aalto and Frank Lloyd Wright already brought a lot of this regional approach to modernism. Besides, Lúcio Costa, who was Niemeyer's master, already emphasized the role of local culture and materials in modern architecture as well. Otherwise, nice video.
Despite his merits described in the video, Niemeyer was more a ‘sculptor of buildings’ than properly an architect. His concern about the building usage vanished quickly over the years. Seldom credit is given to the engineers who had to make the often almost impossible curvy buildings that he designed.
Great series thanks School of life, I recommend Architect Hassan Fathy for future video, his ideas about architecture for the poor and Environmental architecture were a head of his time he deserves a spotlight.
Great video. As an Architecture student in Brazil it was impossible to not study his work. One can imagine how much value is put in his legacy. Late in life he allowed some of his works to be renovated with ideas that seemed to be detrimental to the original work. Some claimed he was senile. As an architect he was losing it. Perhaps from decades of being adulated, he stopped questioning and learning. The man was in his 100s. Can we blame him? His work also draws criticism because of the excessive use of concrete. What is environmentally prohibitive nowadays was new and exciting in the 50s and 60s. Brazil is a country full of natural resources and concrete is still used widely. For architecture lovers I strongly recommend squeezing in a trip to Brasilia when visiting Brazil. His buildings in Brasilia are masterpieces. The urban plan for Brasilia was also modernist. We now know that it doesn't work, as it was measured for the scale of cars and not people. But it doesn't take away any of the beauty of his buildings. Somehow it magnifies it.
What a perfect time to bring back the art/architecture series - many can't get there dose of art therapy during isolation, this is just what we needed!
Excellent video! I am Brazilian and an architecture student. I also have a channel here on RU-vid and I recently posted a video about Niemeyer's main works.
I'm so glad for the fact that you guys are talking about an important Brazilian ❤️ That being said, i fucking hate Oscar Niemeyer's buildings and projects
just fyi modernism in architecture is a quite historically loaded term stretching across almost a century and might have differing connotations. there were great “modernist” architects working within what you might call a regional or “folkloric” ethos. Aalto, Kahn, Siza to name a few, and even FL Wright who is the true father of modern thought
Niemeyer was not just developing his own brand of local architectural expression, but more importantly he was running away from the Le Corbusier's brutalism. In other words, nothing wrong in copying European styles as long as it was not Le Corbusier's.
I am sorry to contradict you but Le Corbusier did not design the Ministry of Education building in Rio. He only made some suggestions by way of sketches and even suggested another location for it. The MES design was the work of Lucio Costa and his team (or which Niemeyer was a member as a draftsman). Thus Niemeyer did not convince Le Corbusier of anything regarding the MES. Le Corbusier used to mention the MES as his work but this is not true.
while it does indeed sound very nice and almost romantic to build the image of what Brazil could be in the future, it is also a very bold idea that could go tremendously wrong - which, in some ways, i do believe it did. Nowadays, looking at the wrecked political scenario in Brazil (perhaps much worse than Niemeyer could even imagine it would become), its just disappointing and almost hipocritical that these buildings - that carry such strong revolutionary concepts - are now home to disgustingly corrupt and terribly retrograde minds that are ruling our country towards internal chaos and international shame. Being a brazilian citizen who's aware of what's behind Brasilia's architecture somehow just makes things even worse when you see it in the news while the reporters chat on about the latest political absurdities. Its like witnessing a marriage go awfully wrong while staring at all the lovely pictures from the wedding day, when everyone was looking good, smiling, hoping for a great future, unaware of whats ahead. Everything just seems quite hopeless.
Yes, he had a vision and his ideas worked in the architectural scale - but the plan of Brasilia unfortunately ended up being 101 how to not plan cities. I think it's important to recognise that - especially because at arch&urb.planning schools certain architects or directions tend to be glorified. But as planners and architects (problem solvers essentially) we need to understand which spaces are actually human scale friendly. But I guess someone had to do it, if he hadn't someone else would along the way.
@@JMXx999 It's important to state the he was just the architect for most of the public buildings; the urbanistic development was led by Lucio Costa. Also, anacronic or not we still pay the price for ignoring the pedestrian scale in this city and that's the point. One could argue that he too was anacronic for believing that cars would continue to hold such important position he imagined for the city, and it also fuels the unsustainable urban sprawl in Brasília.
I love European architecture. Why does it have to be contrasted as sterile and bland? Even at the beginning of the show, you sited how he influenced the European style.
Such a great video. I was born and raised in Brasilia, and growing up surrounded by Niemeyer's works really influenced me a lot to develop a passion for architecture.
There is a sociological study of Unicamp that interprets the construction of the new capital not as an opposition from de old and corrupt capital, neither as a geological position centered in the brazilian map, but actually a new city in middle of nowhere, where no one knows what happens, none of the citizens can reach, complain or see whats going on. It is a isolated city that reflects the distance between the government and the people. They are not together, they are separate, there are two different worlds or classes, one that works all day and night to get daily food and the other that stinks and steals from the money that should go for improving hospitals and decreasing the number of deaths of the corona, but they dont care, buying expensive cars for their house is more important than thousands of brazilians lifes
Didn't get why have you made this video, but I've liked it. Different from the other subjects. It happen that I'm an architect and I live in Brasília. Even live in one of it. I was at his funeral also. Well, he is loved by some and hated by others. Brasília its an crazy experiment. You can see for example nowadays with the pandemic, that the design of the city itself, """prevents""" the spread of the coronavirus (please notice the " ") Just because doesn't allow many people in the streets. That's how an modernist urbanism with monumental scale works. We can talk about it more if you want :)
Thanks for this video. It made me cry repeatedly realizing how hopeful we all were at a certain point and how foolish it was, given the recent and not so recent history of my country....
Despite the beauty of Brasilia's buildings, it was a major mistake moving the capital so far away from the big cities. The politicians ended up being more and more corrupt and there was no one to stop them.
The first modernist architect to practice a regional kind of modernism was Frank Lloyd Wright. Don't get me wrong, I enjoy and celebrate Oscar Niemeyer's work, but Wright was doing things far sooner.
Niemeyer achieved far more than FLW as a regional modernist. FLW was still building Prairie houses in the 40s when Niemeyer designed Pampulha. And it is a mistake to call FLW a modernist, he might have approached it towards the end of his career, but his style was leaning more to Art Deco than Mid-Century Modernism. Building a museum and a house in the jungle without a tiled roof doesn't honestly qualify an architect as a modernist. Each architect was extremely talented and visionary in its style, but we are talking here about an architect that designed an entire city from the ground up and positively influenced other major contemporary architects, designers, artists. Brazil became a design powerhouse thanks to his work, so he carries a far more significant weight than FLW when it comes to modernism, with all its pros and cons.
To be honest, as a Brazilian, I find his designs for Brasilia a kind of..... ehh..... it doesn’t speak to me.... wouldn’t cry about it if we decided to tear it down and redo Brasilia in neo classical style.
Like much of the modernist movement urban planning was not their strength, there was and there is much to be learn from sociologist on designing urban scape
Niemeyer was never directly involved with urban planning - the urban planner for Brasília and many other cities was Lucio Costa, and Burle Marx also had some involvement as he was the chief landscape designer. The issue is that the vast majority of the original urban planning was destroyed/altered - Brazil clearly doesn't preserve its architectural heritage, that's why Brazilian capitals are a 'mess': you see shiny skyscrapers right next to a colonial villa, baroque churches surrounded by a modernist block of flats, etc...
Niemeyer's buildings are inhabitable, don't take wind and sun exposure in consideration (like lele, a way better contemporary architect). his pulic squares have no trees or even grass. his museum in niteroi has tilted walls, it's impossible do hang any work of art on them
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