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Atrial flutter is a type of abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that occurs in the atria, the upper chambers of the heart. During atrial flutter, the atria beat too quickly, resulting in a fast, regular heartbeat. This condition is caused by abnormal electrical signals in the atria, which lead to rapid contractions of the heart muscles.
Here are some key points about atrial flutter:
Causes:
Atrial flutter can be caused by various factors, including heart diseases (such as coronary artery disease or valve disorders), high blood pressure, chronic lung diseases, hyperthyroidism, excessive alcohol consumption, and stimulant medications.
Symptoms:
1. *Palpitations (feeling of rapid or irregular heartbeat)*
2. *Shortness of breath*
3. *Fatigue*
4. *Dizziness or lightheadedness*
5. *Chest pain or discomfort*
Diagnosis:
Atrial flutter can be diagnosed through an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), which records the heart's electrical activity. In atrial flutter, the ECG typically shows characteristic sawtooth-shaped waves known as "flutter waves."
Treatment:
1. *Rate Control:* Medications are often prescribed to control the heart rate and prevent it from going too fast.
2. *Rhythm Control:* Medications or medical procedures like cardioversion (a controlled electric shock to the heart) may be used to restore the normal heart rhythm.
3. *Blood Thinners:* Since atrial flutter can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke, anticoagulant medications (blood thinners) might be prescribed to prevent clots.
4. *Catheter Ablation:* This is a procedure where a catheter is used to target and destroy the abnormal heart tissue that is causing the flutter.
5. *Lifestyle Changes:* Adopting a healthy lifestyle by managing underlying health conditions, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy diet, and avoiding excessive alcohol and caffeine can help manage atrial flutter.
It's important for individuals experiencing symptoms of atrial flutter to seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare provider can determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the individual's specific condition and medical history.
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3 июл 2024
