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Hello, I'm Dr. Hassaan Tohid and today I'm here with a very interesting topic, basic versus applied research.
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Basic versus applied research. When I started my research studies, it was one of the most challenging questions. And I can imagine if you are a new graduate and you have just started to study research. You are still confused about what is basic research. What is applied research? What are these terminologies? How do we differentiate between these two? And this is why I'm creating this video. So I can tell you what is the difference between basic research and applied research. So basic research versus applied research. How do we differentiate? Basic research has three names. Remember this basic research has three names. Basic research, pure research, fundamental research. I repeat again, basic research, pure research, fundamental research. These are the three names for basic research. And applied just is applied research. Now, if you ask a new graduate, especially a medical graduate and you ask him, "What is basic research?" The most commonly given wrong answer is, "The research about basic sciences is basic research." This is the most commonly given wrong answer. So what is basic research then? Now remember I'm telling you a very good formula to remember.
Basic research is when you are conducting a research where your research question is in such a way that your answer comes out as a yes or no. If the answer of your research question is yes or no, it's basic research. So I'll repeat again. If you have a research question whose answer comes out as yes or no, it's basic research. But applied is not yes or no. Applied is the solution. And now I'll give you an example. For example, is tuberculosis prevalent in the US? The answer is either yes or no. Is COVID-19 prevalent in the US? The answer is yes or no. Is COVID-19 common in Africa? The answer is yes or no. Is malaria common in Africa? The answer is yes or no.
We don't care if the answer is really yes or is no. I'm just talking about to differentiate between basic and research question. So basic research question is when you have an answer that is a yes or no. Now, what is the applied question then? What is applied research? Applied research is when you have a research question that gives the solution. So the same research question of basic research, can it be converted into an applied research? Absolutely. It can be converted into an applied question any time. Let me give you an example. Is COVID-19 common in the US? The answer is yes. That's the basic research question. And surprisingly, the answer comes out as yes. Now let's do the applied research. How do we treat COVID-19? Treatment, solution is always applied. So remember the treatment. I'm giving you a shortcut to remember. Treatment is applied. Solution, finding a solution, treatment is solution. Right?
So finding a solution, the treatment is applied. Now, how about, how do we diagnose tuberculosis? Is that a basic research question or applied? Applied. We are finding a solution, diagnosis. How do we diagnose? How do we diagnose COVID-19? How do we screen COVID-19? How do we prevent COVID-19? How do we treat COVID 19? How do we manage COVID-19? All of these are applied questions. Because they are all related to the treatment, the solution. So whenever you see a research question that is answered in a yes or no, it's basic. But when you see a research question that is answered with a solution, that's applied. Simple. So from now onwards, remember, pure research, fundamental research, basic research is always answered in a yes and no. And applied research is always answered with the solution, the treatment, the management, the prevention, the screening, the diagnosis.
If that is the case, now, where do we put these kinds of questions? What is the risk factor for COVID-19? I cannot answer it as a yes or no. And this risk factor is not telling me the solution. I'm finding a cause.
How is COVID-19 caused? What are the risk factors for COVID-19? What is the rate of COVID-19 transmission? What is the mechanism of COVID-19 virus? The coronavirus. What is the mechanism? How coronavirus damages human lung? All of these are the questions you cannot answer as yes and no. And you cannot even answer it as a treatment or solution. So where do we put it? In applied or we put in basic? Let me tell you, according to my experience, most of my students, when I ask this question, they answer it wrong. They say it's applied. Yes, applied is the wrong answer. Basic is the right answer. So remember basic is not always, now I'm rephrasing it, basic research is not always yes and no.
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26 авг 2024
