Biology Biggest Mystery? How can cells with the same DNA be so different?

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How is it possible that a single organism can contain such a diverse array of cell types, despite all cells sharing the same DNA? This fascinating phenomenon is due to the concept of cellular differentiation. Although every cell in an organism carries identical genetic information encoded in its DNA, each cell type expresses only specific portions of this genetic blueprint. Through a complex process of gene regulation and expression, cells differentiate into specialized types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and skin cells.
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1 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 20

@zachreyhelmberger894 3 месяца назад

The sound is good! Fascinating topic!! It never occurred to me that my brain cells have the same DNA as my heart cells or my toe cells! How does THAT work?!

@SamsonFernendez 3 месяца назад

Skip to @1:01:00 If anybody else is actually interested in the question of "How can cells with the same DNA be so different?"

@indraniroy1104 3 месяца назад

Day 2 of asking: @oliver can you show us how to stain samples useing organic stains at home like termeric, beetroot, etc??

@AlexDiegin Месяц назад

How can we tell apart partially denatured proteins from DNA filaments?

@whitneythomas4937 3 месяца назад

I’m reading The Gene: An Intimate History by Siddhartha Mukherjee, I’ve been thinking about this topic for weeks!! this video is great

@warmgreetings 3 месяца назад

@MH- 😀 would you consider showing earwax and bugers too?

@zachreyhelmberger894 2 месяца назад

Now the DNA in identical twins is, or should be at least, exactly the same. AND their appearance is nearly identical. So it has to be in the DNA somehow, right?

@zachreyhelmberger894 2 месяца назад

Could this be the "junk" DNA at play?

@Janusz-um5cv 3 месяца назад

Fascinating

@user-goood000 3 месяца назад

Thank you for the wonderful course. By the way, it would be nice if you could use the English translation function, Can't we translate the video you uploaded? The translation function is of

@wendywestra 3 месяца назад

Love listening, your interesting, and I find your interest in nature very soothing, caring. Nature in mini form is amazing.😅

@aj-uo3uh 3 месяца назад

We have 20.000 genes, each gene can be on or off. I think the first cell has all the genes on. So the life of a cell is a path throught the set {0,1}^20.000 which is the set of all binary strings of length 20.000 and this path starts with a binary string with 20.000 1's. The taken path is influenced by neighbouring signals.

@AlexDiegin Месяц назад

A path of the cell is influenced by neighboring cells via exosome exchange. The question is how the differentiation gets started when the only cell exists (zygote).

@aj-uo3uh Месяц назад

@@AlexDiegin That is a big question. The first cell has all its genes enabled and because of that it will go immediately through the cell cycle making neighboring cells. The cells will influence each other via exosome exchange. The changing environment will start to disable some genes which will give a different stage of the development. Also bioelectricity is involved according to Michael Levin. Complex!

@AlexDiegin Месяц назад

@@aj-uo3uhThe placenta, while impermeable to maternal blood, may allow the passage of maternal exosomes, which could play a crucial role in triggering early embryonic cell differentiation. This suggests that maternal influence extends beyond genetics, potentially shedding light on mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis.

@aj-uo3uh Месяц назад

@@AlexDiegin Yes could be, I heard another british biologist say somewhere on youtube that changes in the dna of a cell somewhere in the body are send via rna exosome to the sperm cells.