One of the most engaging talks on a tech subject ive come across in a while. Awesome! Thanks for sharing. Rekindled my love for radio electronics..techlove to you Gerard!
Such a smooth and well put talk: Even a beginner like me was able to follow it, and never felt it was too fast or too slow - rather it was spot on. Many thanks for all your time and hard work.
Engaging and illuminates one of the things I think most surprised me when I started getting into sdr -- Just how much "secret" information is buzzing about us at all times. Such a fun way to interact with our world. Thanks!
73 to your dad's memory! I likely have spoken to him. Ham (and prof radio systems engr) here and enjoyed your talk. Kudu's from me. Best wishes WA2KBZ.
That airport was Amsterdam Schiphol, hence all the KLM flights coming in for rwy 06. You could see the VOR beacon SPL (at Schiphol Airport) en the VOR PAM (Pampus at the south shore of the IJ-meer lake, named after the small island Pampus in the same lake). Nice to see the NOAA and Meteor satellites are still transmitting on 137 MHz in analog APT mode. Years ago I received them with a kit build receiver and a pc with special interface modem, and I could see the image build line by line while receiving. The Russian Meteors had better quality images. But both have a digital mode now on a higher frequency I think somewhere around 1600 MHz. You need a dish that can follow the sats in azimuth and elevation.
1700. i built my own tracker with NEMA 23 motors and some 3d printed gears. the great thing with SDR is that you can easily receive this. Also GOES if you're in the americas.
I love observing EHAM, because their ground vehicles also show up on popular ADS-B apps. Recently they stopped all air traffic and their 'bird control vehicles' formed sort of a path for a Lifeline helicopter. I don't know how often that happens, but I felt pretty good about catching it live. Hope the patient is well. My other favorite is tracking USAF tanker aircraft, because they regularly use our VOR as an anchor point. That distinct rumbling of jet engines in the distance is just awesome. After this talk I really want to set up my own antenna and see what kind of fun I could have with it (without risking jail of course).
Such an awesome tech talk! It takes a lot of skill to cram so much info into a presentation while keeping it so engaging. Gotta see if I can find more of his talks.
i usually hate this kind of video, but maybe because i have interest in the topic, so that makes me watch this video, and i think i love this video. Thank you !
Thank you for this. I am still very new with software defined radio, and there were quite a few things that he explained in ways that finally made it click for me.
@35:00, the correct frequency to listen to for amateur radio communications via the ISS you want to tune to 437.800 MHz for the downlink, the 2M 145.800 is the uplink and you will only hear those amateurs nearby you within line of sight reception.
Not all squawk codes starting with 7 are bad. There are three which indicate an issue. 7500 - Unlawful interference with the safe conduct of the flight (hijack) 7600 - Radio problems. 7700 - General emergency. In the UK (and some other places), 7000 is the general VFR conspicuity squawk. If, for example, I am talking to Scottish Information and they have given me 7401 (which is usual for Scottish information) and I want to change to the frequency of my destination airport, I will be told to “squawk conspicuity and freecall xxxx” (where xxxx is the destination airport). At that point, I will change my squawk code to 7000 (as I am flying VFR) and change the radio to the frequency of my destination airport. Squawk codes are changed en-route and not always assigned prior to takeoff. I will generally depart my home airport on 7000, change to Scottish Information where I will usually be given 7401. If, during my journey, I want to transit Edinburgh’s controlled airspace, I will change to Edinburgh Radar’s frequency and will be given a different squawk code (usually 043… something - they have a bank of squawk codes that they issue, starting at 0430). After completing my transit I will return to Scottish Information and will be told to squawk 7401 again. This guy’s knowledge of transponders is somewhat faulty, but that can be forgiven as he’s not involved in the world of aviation.
@@BackSledge_Berlin - The mnemonics I use are: 75 - Taken alive 76 - My mic sticks 77 - Going to heaven ... use whatever works for you, of course - nothing wrong with remembering several mnemonics as long as they are all consistent in their meanings.
i love how he calculates dipol length :) He goes "I want to listen to the 2m wavelength" and so ge goes on with this 468/ freq etc etc and ends up calculating that the half wavelength of 2m is 1m so you should have 0.5 - 0.5m ends :)
what a perfect delivery of knowledge :O engaging, full of information and not a single dull moment - kudos to Gerard the Jong.. hope you use those skills to teach :D
22:00 a small mistake Sqwack codes are Status Codes among those the very important Emergency codes. All the ADB-s transponders have Unique Identifiers that are linked to each individual transponder and obviously airplane. Those are the codes that will show up on the ADB-S monitors, not sqwack codes. I mean sqwack codes can also be shown ... but the ADB-S identifiers are unique and Not attributed by Air Traffic control.
Commercial pilot here, this isn't actually true. Well, what you say is correct about ADS-B having unique identifiers, it also has a programmable callsign if you want. But squawk codes are still used and assigned by ATC. There are 4 "special" codes, which are 1200 (all VFR aircraft not currently talking to ATC), 7600 (a status code indicating the aircraft has had a radio failure), 7700 (a status code indicating the aircraft is experiencing a general emergency) and of course 7500 (a status code indicating the aircraft is being hijacked.) Honestly, I am not sure WHY ATC still assigns discrete codes to aircraft, especially since there are not that many numbers available (only 8*8*8*8) when the transponder (which ALL are supposed to have ADS-B output by now) also transmit the unique identifier and callsign, but it is probably just for backwards compatiality or something. Basically, what I am saying is everytime I talk to ATC for the first time either getting a clearance on the ground if I am IFR or in the air if I am VFR they still give me a discrete code I am to squawk.
@@SpiraSpiraSpira - from what you’ve said, i suspect that you fly in the USA and rarely outside of the States (and almost certainly not VFR in the UK). In the UK (and, as far as I understand, some other places, too) the VFR conspicuity squawk is 7000, not 1200. It’s 1200 in the States but that is not true of all countries. The unique number you mention is the aircraft’s ICAO identifier. This number is programmed into the transponder at installation and also programmed into any additional electronic conspicuity equipment which may be fitted or carried on-board (ADS-B or otherwise). ADS-B is not mandatory for non-commercial aircraft (actually, nor are transponders). I understand that the US has made it mandatory to have ADS-B Out to enter certain classes of airspace but again, this is not the case in other parts of the world. From what I understand, in the UK, our ATC don’t even see ADS-B (apart from one in the North of Scotland - Aberdeen, I think it is). Squawk codes tell “ATC” who is working any particular aircraft. So, if I am approaching Edinburgh’s CTR and their display shows that I am squawking 7401, then they know that I am talking to Scottish Information. If 7000, that I am essentially talking to no-one. If I am squawking a code beginning with 043, then I am talking to Edinburgh (they have a bank of codes that they issue to VFR traffic, starting from 0430). It is certainly not the case that every aircraft is given a discrete code which pertains only to that aircraft for the duration but, as you say, they are four-digit octal codes.
@@halfrhovsquared The unique identifier in ADS-B is not the aircraft ICAO identifier, it is a globally unique identifier assigned to the particular ADS-B transceiver/transponder assigned at manufacture. The ICAO identifier is programmed in and can be changed by the operator/pilot in configuration settings. And yes, I was discussing from a US perspective as it is mandatory here. I have flown globally, including being one of only a few foreign pilots to land in the so-called Democratic People’s Republic of Korea when I was working for a company chartered by the UN, but these days I do most of my flying in the USA. But I have flown in and out of the EU and the UK, but only on US registered aircraft. I have a Mexican pilot’s certificate (Capitana de metroliner dos), my primary US certificate as well as one from the People’s Republic of China as I worked there as a contract pilot also. that said, I have never once flew VFR anywhere except the USA.
@@SpiraSpiraSpira - Ah. I wasn’t aware that ADS-B kit had its own unique identifier. When I added EC to my aircraft, I had to program in my aircraft’s ICAO identifier. Thanks for that info. Is ADS-B Out mandatory for non-commercial aircraft in Class G airspace in the USA? I thought they’d only made it mandatory for Classes C, B, and A. To be honest, given that there are some fairly effective Electronic Conspicuity units available on the market at very reasonable prices, I’m somewhat in favour of it being mandatory in the UK. The CAA have been offering rebates to pilots who fit Mode S transponders and other EC kit to their aircraft (half the cost up to £250) to encourage uptake. It’s made a huge difference and has really increased the number of GA aircraft with EC but there are still far too many out there running Mode C at best. I’ve had it confirmed (twice) that my EC is seen by TCAS - That’s fairly reassuring because what I fly is a tiny rotorcraft which is next to invisible unless in very close proximity.
@@halfrhovsquared It is not mandatory in uncontrolled airspace, it isn’t even required in class E airspace unless you’re above 10,000ft MSL. But it is required in A, B, C and I think even in D airspace now, although I’m not 100% on that. If you have an old supercub or something in a uncontrolled field you could still fly it VFR with an old transponder but you can’t take it in or near any large airport in the USA. Even the old transponders work with TCAS as I have had a TCAS II resolution advisory when flying in an airliner versus a Cessna years ago before ADS-B came out. I’m not sure if the US government offered any kind of incentives on changing out transponders. My guess based on how well (or rather how poorly) the US government functions is no, though.
Good video. Small point, the SI unit prefix for kilo, the 10 to the 3rd power multiplier is a lower case 'k', not an upper case 'K' as was used in a few places. This is commonly mixed up by laypersons and engineers as well, but since he mentioned the SI and therefore has some familiarity with it, I figured that was worth pointing out.
Even 3 years ago, the USB SDR dongles were under $50USD. In 2023, they're now about $15USD. Slightly more for some versions. Paired with a $10 Pi Zero 2W and a cheap USB port adapter and a whole SDR kit that fits in your pocket is under $30USD.
By subtracting where it is from where it isn't, or where it isn't from where it is (whichever is greater), it obtains a difference, or deviation. The guidance subsystem uses deviations to generate corrective commands to maneuver the aircraft from a position where it is to a position where it isn't, and arriving at a position where it wasn't, it now is. Consequently, the position where it is, is now the position that it wasn't, and it follows that the position that it was, is now the position that it isn't.
I had one of these in 1999 then a C-Pen. I used both of them with Psion 5 to capture abstracts of scientific pages for my studies. There was a LOT of manual corrections required.
To everyone who loved this video, submit your own talks. Open globally with live streaming to Cape Town & youtube. Otherwise come and join us for an amazing event: bsidescapetown.co.za/bsides-2021-conf/call-for-papers-2021/
Best RX amplifier will be GaAsFET devices. Old versions that have a good noise figure, is the MGF-1302, single gate device, easy to design with. Single power supply.
sdr is really cheap nowdays. you can get started for under $50 or 75 bucks. interesting vid on some things you can get in to (incl trouble lol) using these devices
I have done this kind of all experiements to find something (from last 2016 to 2020) looks interesting to match to produce 5g collaboration nodes...still practical
This is well delivered. And this man knows how keep his audience interested and let's face it with the way our world is today this information is a valuable asset to your bug out kit if ever needed I totally enjoyed learning from this video everyone enjoy and be thankful for the information he has given us its very possible we might need this within the next few years. Peace to everyone stay healthy and stay smart folks
Mrs Richards: "I paid for a room with a view !" Basil: (pointing to the lovely view) "That is Torquay, Madam." Mrs Richards: "It's not good enough!" Basil: "May I ask what you were expecting to see out of a Torquay hotel bedroom window? Sydney Opera House, perhaps? the Hanging Gardens of Babylon? Herds of wildebeest sweeping majestically past?..." Mrs Richards: "Don't be silly! I expect to be able to see the sea!" Basil: "You can see the sea, it's over there between the land and the sky." Mrs Richards: "I'm not satisfied. But I shall stay. But I expect a reduction." Basil: "Why?! Because Krakatoa's not erupting at the moment?
This was an excellent presentation. I did like the question about QO-100. Hope Gerard is QRV on the bird after getting his license :) Probably the second most amazing thing given to the amateur community after spectrum.
I have a SDR Play RSP DX, Works much better than the Cheap Chinese Made SDR Dongles! I'm also a Licensed Ham Radio Operaters to, I have a Yeasu FT817 it's a whole Ham Radio Shack because it have HF, VHF, and UHF, All modes, I use SDR Angel Software and SDR Uno for My SDR Play RSP DX!
@@tljstewart That is what he was getting at. The 3% correction is specific to copper. What you are correcting for is the speed of light through the antenna material (normally copper). The correction is called the velocity factor. This is also important with different types of coax (even from different manufactures) as the velocity factor of a specific coax is highly dependent on its construction. The velocity factor for different coax types ranges from around 0.60 to 0.95-ish. This is a large range! Here is the wiki on it. Sorry if you already knew all of this. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity_factor
@@joboring8397 ah, very nice Jo, thank you for the info, your comment was very helpful. What I’ve realized from your comment by example; for an antenna receiving 433MHz, 1/2 lambda would give us a 34.6cm antenna. However, to account for the velocity factor of an unshielded copper wire we must use something like 34.6cm*0.97. Which gives us an antenna length of ~33.6cm.
@@joboring8397 Man thank you for this clarification and REAL CLARIFICATION... I am new to RF and that was an awesome info to dig for more info! Thank you! For real
This guy and squawk codes. Not all 7xxx codes are special but many are. The ones that all pilots pretty much all know about are 7500 (hijacked) 7600 (lost comms) and 7700 (emergency).
Also the transponders send altitude information. ADS-B is nice but ATC uses secondary radar (transponder interrogation of aircraft giving squawk code and altitude) along with primary radar (radar reflection which gives position only)
Not sure if right place to ask. I seen these USB SDR with few small antennas. Think they only receive. Not able to broadcast. Must one have an license to buy one ? Wanna use for generic radio listen and maybe weather channels and astronomy. I have no need to be able to speak 2way like a normal 2way radio.
I think the Waterfall is called a "Spectrum Analyzer" In audio production, but this is Audio Reading, of Radio bands, so I guess it's now a waterfall! lol.
Not quite. A waterfall is ONE way of displaying the output from a spectrum analyser. A spectrum analyser can display output in many different formats. I have one on my desk at work at the moment and if you were to see the plot on the screen, you’d probably not recognise it as a spectrum analyser because it is displaying a constellation plot of a QAM signal and it looks nothing like the typical displays most people think of when they discuss spectrum analysers.
Take note that APPLE is a CORPORATION and Apple is a fruit/ You are totally confused and do not yet know the difference. CORPORATE names are always ALL CAPS for a specific reason that is beyond your level of knowledge and understanding. Thou does not even know the difference between ON and on So go and take a look at what is written on SWITCHES, and be sure to have both eyes open.
@@campandcook3118 Of course, Mode A/C was invented very long ago and it is still used in some transponders. Security/encryption is no part of this. They still struggle to have new aircrafts equiped with proper Mode S Transponders... But MLAT can check if a Mode S (Ads-b) signal is actually send form where it claims to be.
@@madmushroom8639 MLAT has 6-10s latency and can barely check that for a normal amount of signals, it's often only used near airports and needs 4-6 stations to receive the same ADSB packet - which means 200W beaches on the largest aircraft. Even then, it can only check if a packet was sent from within a few hundred meters up to a km2. With a higher amount of contacts, MLAT latency would be over 15s or higher, sooner or later, disabling that system. If an ADSB ID is cloned to a nearby position, the system can't really Check which packet is valid. Especially not for smaller planes. And it's unable to deal with the amount of bout, because sending enough ADSB packets, takes 2-3s, about 5-10times less than invalidating them. A system with authentification for the sender is needed to work reliably.
@@campandcook3118 Don't know why it would take 6-10 seconds. For Ads-B systems eurocontrol specifies the max allowed latency of an ASTERIX output to air traffic controllers as 1,5 seconds. For anti spoofing you could receive the adsb signal at lets say 2 ground stations (at the speed of light) and can do a quick sanity check of the intersections of the hyperboloids of the TDOAs. Of course it depends on the geometry set be the positions of the ground stations and the accuracy of the clock synchronization.
Good video on not how to present any information, but good that you addressed that. You knew what you did wrong throwing a presentation together. you might need to stick to presenting anything on stuff you actually can.
It seems like the fake ADSB broadcast problem could be solved if a unique time limited code was appended. Similar to how one time passwords and authenticator apps work. If the unit is registered or the secret key is issued by an airport prior to take off, it could help determine the legitimacy of the broadcast. The only issue it the requirement of legacy support. Otherwise it's a good reason not to completely get rid of conventional radar from airports.
Robert you didn't show it hooked up to the antenna. Your point about atmospheric energy was not shown experimentally in the video. A little disappointed.
I want a radio receiver like RTL, with the difference that the range is up to 6 GHz. Thank you, if you know a device, let me know. I want to emphasize that I want a device that is only a receiver. I don't want a device like HackRF with both transmitter and receiver.