Can You Fuse Rocks Together With EXTREME Pressure? 

We are on filming trip at the moment so we are too busy to answer comments right now but hope you like the video!

To turn such minerals into actual rock instead of compressed powder, you need to apply pressure AND heat. Without raising the temperature to at least a few hundred °C (more is better), you'll only crush the crytals instead of fusing them together. My recommendation would be to first crush it to max. pressure to let the hardened piston do its work, then blast it with a blowtorch for at least 10-20 min. Let it cool slowly to room temperature, the result should be a little closer to a rock. Trying to get metastable ice VII btw. is a very interesting idea. Again, I would recommend to hold the pressure for a few minutes after crushing the water to give it time to move through all the phase transitions. As a high pressure seal, you probably wont get good results with rubber. Use a soft metal instead (try lead or copper).

You're really close to being able to make diamonds! You only need 50 000 bars, and to heat the coal to 1200°C

When you switch to Tungsten rods, please be careful, as those are super brittle, and have a *very* high likelyhood of exploding under pressure.

It is ridiculous how much enjoyment I get out of these videos…

First rule: Do not crush any of your body parts. Thank you, I did not know that.

have you thought about making the pressing tool a bit of a cone-shape ? that way it'll be harder for you to deform it going in, it'll also help focus the pressure into a smaller area if you also cut material of the cylinder itself for it to fit.

You have enough pressure, you just have to leave the sand in the press for a few million years to turn it into proper rock 🙂

I love his fascination with making his own rocks❤

Hanna @3:15 "This looks very professional." 😂😂😂

Using safety measures "so all of the problems stay inside of the box" is honestly a wonderful safety message. Sometimes things happen. Sometimes these things are Problems. Keep the Problems far away from you. Contain the Problems inside of a box.

Really interested to see if you can succeed to even at least make ice-6 with a hydraulic press 😁

Combine the press with an induction heater. Most rocks require high pressure and temperature to form.

This channel has truly hot the rock bottom. I'll see myself out.

I love the cackles of laughter every time something breaks.

To push the rods out, you could use some ball bearings that are slightly smaller than the hole. Each time you push one in, add another on top and push again.

i love this new series of compressing things together rather than letting them fly all over the place

Honestly, this channel is better than other press channels I've seen. Your commenting on the important bits and letting the audience know exactly what you are doing. Trying to be scientific in your observations and communicating well. Kör hårt mina Finska vänner, hälsningar från Sverige

Anni's laugh really is quite something. Also in the background at 5.24 when she says 'Oh no.' Is perfect.

There are sedimentary rocks. And sandstone is a sedimentary rock that is formed by a process that is called Cementation. Not by extreme pressure and heat. Where sand sediments have accumulated over a long period of time other minerals fill the gaps between the individual sand grains and cement it all together to what we call sandstone rock. There are Igneous rocks which are formed by crystallization (after it was melted), Rocks can also be formed by replacing carbon with minerals (for example petrified wood), And you have Metamorphic rocks, those once existed as igneous or sedimentary rocks, but have been subjected to varying degrees of pressure and heat within the Earth's crust. But it does require a lot of heat and pressure. In fault lines at the earths surface or close to the earths surface where we can watch them, and where there is no source of heat you can see that the immens pressure is turning the rock into a super fine powder. Over time it is slowly grinding it into a fine dust where the two different rocks slide against each other.

Hopefully you can get ice 7 accomplished

Rocks are supposed to be formed with pressure and heat so if you increase both you might get it to work and actually make a sandstone without having to get it super hot if it has really high pressure.

3:17 yep. my favorite moment.

I remember reading somewhere that at the bottom of the Kola Superdeep Borehole, the biggest issue they had with going deeper was that the rock became sort of ductile like soft metal and tended to gum up the drill rather than break. Maybe under those circumstances, the sand would combine. Perhaps some sort of Gallium powder would be a good analog.

These experiments show how intense the unimaginable pressure and heat beneath the surface of the earth must be to cause rock to flow and diamonds to form.

when you will have longer rods with smaller diameter it will probably be good idea to make the cylinder larger so majority of the tungsten rod will already be inside. That way it will be less likely to bend or even if it explodes it will be mostly contained within the massive cylinder.

Thank you so very much for sharing your life!

You should try this using coal and heating up the whole thing under pressure. Try to make a diamond.

Press a drill bit into billet of aluminium and see if it rotates as it cuts in. Pre drill 20mm to hold bit.

I think you need to give it time to fuse. Anywhere from hours to years, depending on the chemistry of the rock particles. Increasing the temperature should speed up the process. If you double the temperature in degrees Kelvin then you should halve the reaction time. It's either that or one quarter the reaction time. Unless you cause a phase transition, such as melting some of the particles. Just a few ideas. Cheers :-)

It was cool to see you working with Jamie Hyneman. That and that 5 meganewton press at the uni was crazy.

You could make even more pressure with a lever, and possibly make extraction easier. And some soft cloth for the sample to fall onto. And maybe even magnets to prevent the rods falling onto the sample

Do not know if this is something you can do but always thought it would be a neat experiment. Crushing rocks, or sand but putting epoxy in it. Do 2 different ones. One the epoxy cures at ambient pressures, and 2nd the epoxy cures at super high pressures. Keep up the great videos!!!

Use a thermal imaging camera so we can see the increase in temp for different subjects

I don’t know if this is possible with a punch and die setup, but I feel heating the die and holding the rocks at pressure until the die cools would increase the cementation of the rocks.

Ok, so you can understand, you would need to get the point of pressure, to be able to heat the rock/sand/whatever, to near 1200 C, rock made in the earth is usually around 600c to 3000c, depending on the composition and depth in the earth. Remember, metal is rock, now if you mixed tin or aluminum or zinc with the rocks, it might under your pressure form, reach enough temperature to liquidize and then cool/bond.

Well, at least the sand is dry now. Exciting again, educational again, funny again! ...and even without explosions... Greetz: you #1 fan!!

The wear and tear analogy was just perfect🤭

The rocks were eckstremely dangerous and needed to be dealt with.

Dang that’s awesome

turning rock into rock. Genius.

What's interesting to me is how hot does this pressed rock get under pressure? A temperature probe would be necessary. One that survives the immense pressure of the press. That would probably be the most difficult. Great Channal❤👍

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There is a company called Life Gems they make diamonds from the visra (from chest cavity) after partial cremation. The visra is fully charred, removed, and cooled. They then subject it to high pressure and temperature converting the carbon into diamond it is then faceted and mounted. My idea is to take charcoal and subject it to 300+ tons hopefully converting it to rock.

For the ive VII you will need to keep it at high pressure and give it time to let it cool down and freeze. Also, i think something like copper or brass might be good for a seal.

You can try pressing sand + PET from plastic bottles (shredded into little pieces). Maybe you could form a composite rock recycling some plastic in the proccess.

I think as soon as you release the pressure from ice 6 or 7 that it will turn back to liquid.

"That's probably like more than enough!" 😆

You should use carbon fiber parts, I hear they stand up to pressure very well.

You should use round carbide inserts top and bottom to insure maximum pressure is applied without the softer steel material locally deforming.

3:54 "I think it's getting looser when you like push things through"

It's so epic that you got to meet and work with jamie hyneman

Welcome to the HYDROOLIK PRESS CHENNEL!

I think you should try different mineral contents. It looks to me, that you are using a silica type. It may take more than pressure to cause this mineral to stick together. What catalysts might be added to help the process?

That tool is 1/10 the radius of the previous one. That mean 1/100 the surface, or 100 times the pressure. For that, you need tungsten tools.

You might need to keep it at pressure for a long time for the new crystal structures to form.

You got to do the squeeze with with the garnet heat and pressure is how there made from Mica

Try removing the bevel on the end of the rollers. That's letting stuff wedge its way between the roller and the hole.

You need to heat them up, maybe 1000c+ we used crushed rocks and sand underneath buildings it does not fuse together from weight alone.

Coal would be an obvious contender for this experiment, it needs around 850Kpsi to turn into diamond :P

Sodium and potassium / chloride, bromide, and iodide will flow under hydraulic pressure. The heavier the atoms the easier the flow. Potassium bromide is a nice compromise (IR spectroscopy pellet).

Perfect for the Sauna.

Off Topic: was watching a video with Jamie Hyneman and Pekka... and then Laurie showed up! So that was unexpected 😊

"rock and stone brother" "Rock and stone forever" -Deep rock galactic

Although the pressures you are creating are massive, they are paltry compared to what mother Earth can achieve! :)

Bring the heat!!!

If you try and make ice 7 I think you would need to let it cool down before you try and remove it from the tooling, in fact I'd cool it to about + 2 degrees above freezing, but NOT any colder so you can confirm you've made it 👍

Try leaving the Rock compressed at max over night or more if u would like the longer the better

Would it be possible to use damp sand and leave it under pressure for a time, say overnight?

Try squishing some liquid glass and keep it undrr pressure as it cools

im not really optimistic on this one- I mean you could make olivine if you could do about 100x the pressure and leave it for 5000 years or more. It's easy! You just need water! :P

And that is how gem fusion was inspired

Marble and limestone should do the thing, marble is practically a liquid

Hmm very interesting

Many comments, but you could try softer rocks, like limestone powder or gypsum. They would crush easier

Rock and Stone brotha

Sounds like you got a new ol'lady..🧐🤗

You should also try lava rock.

"there's some wear and tear from pushing things out" - me after Taco Bell

what if you added cement and water and kept the pressure on the sample until it hardens, then compare it to a regular sample of concrete the same size and pressed them both, is a pressed sample better than a regular sample?

I love Finn English.😹

Couldn't you try to use a different binder than only water? I think wet fructose is kinda adhesive like. Not the strongest per se, but strong enough to be challenging to clean.

Oh man, if you can take the Ice 7 out... That would be _super cool._ (Pun intended)

I see a Nobel Prize coming for the first person to solidify water using only pressure. Get your formal wear cleaned.

Yeah, gonna need some heat to make this happen. No idea how youd pull it off but there's no other way. Also wouldnt a cone without a point facing down be a higher pressure?

2:59 🤣 🤣 🤣 🤣

Use an induction heater and presto! Lol

I think if you want to turn it into rock probably have to hold the pressure on with some heat at the same time for a little amount of time

Do some cold welding with different metals

Great video! Can rocks be extruded into pelleted rock?

Press concrete power?

I got a bag of I could send you some of them and you compress them under high compression and get them to squash together because that's how they're formed

Rock and roll.

What about using mud?

did you squeeze the water out of the wet sand at 5:36?

Would have been so funny to see a diamond pop out. 🤣

You need to let the pressure set on it for a while to even come close to making a rock

"turn rocks into rock" xD

Try table salt mixed with sand.

Yes, that’s how metamorphic rock is made.