Capacitor Types Explained: electrolytic, ceramic, tantalum, plastic film

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Find out all you need to know about the different types of capacitor and their properties: electrolytic capacitor; ceramic capacitor; tantalum capacitor; plastic film capacitor. Plastic film capacitors can be further divided into types including polycarbonate capacitor, PTFE capacitor, polystyrene capacitor, polyester capacitor and many more.
Find out what these different types of capacitor are; how they can be used; and the various attributes of each type. We look at the characteristics of the different types of capacitor as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each capacitor type so that it is possible to choose which capacitor to use.
Choosing the correct type of capacitor is very important because some capacitors work well in some applications, but may not work at all in others - in some instances they may even fail, sometimes catastrophically. As a result it is important to know which type of capacitor to use in any given circuit or application.
More information can be found at: www.electronics-notes.com/art...
Associated website: www.electronics-notes.com
Don’t forget to subscribe to the ElectronicsNotes RU-vid channel: / @electronicsnotes

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27 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 133

@hoggif 4 года назад

I've never come to think of that electrolytics have negative end marked and tantalums have positive marked even though after all the years of hobby it was always clear to me.

@kipronokenneth320 5 лет назад

Thank you so much for this! Short and clear....can you please do a more detailed tutorial on electrolytic and ceramic capacitors?

@user-mm9eo9sn1z Год назад

thanks a lot for this short presentation! really helps out when you have 8 chapters worth of material on dielectrics for a electrical components course

@ElectronicsNotes Год назад

Really glad we were able to provide what you found useful. That you for your comment.

@michaelpukmel9175 7 лет назад

Thanks, great video, lots of useful information, good overview of cap's.

@fabian999ification 4 года назад

Fantastic video! I finally understand the reason for the different types. MASSIVE THUMBS UP!

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

Really glad you found the video useful. There is more written material on our website: www.electronics-notes.com/articles/electronic_components/capacitors/capacitor-types.php Hope this all helps.

@iain_grant 4 года назад

Thanks, I had this question of what the difference was for ages. I had discovered some of the answers myself but not all the types! :D

@cac2244 5 лет назад

Great info and at the end we get one of best summary i ever got in any presentation.

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Glad you like the video. I really appreciate the comment.

@marklewus5468 4 года назад

Thanks for the very good quality presentation. I just wanted to add a note about aluminum electrolytic capacitors. These are available in very high voltages, up to 900V. They are also available unpolarized (known in the industry as bi-polar or non-polar) for use in AC applications like power supplies and motors.

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

Thanks for your comment.

@teldorinst4tic20 3 года назад

I've also personally dealt with much higher voltage electrolytic caps as well. They can easily be found at 10k volts on mouser just as a note. Generally speaking, yes these don't go that high but 480v caps can easily be found in plasma televisions as well.

@friedmule5403 5 лет назад

Wow I want you to read stories for me:-) Great info, great pace and over all just really great!!

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Really glad you liked the video. Thanks for the comment about my narration. I am glad as I now have to read stories to my grandchildren!

@maw9406 5 лет назад

Amazing video! Thank you! 🙏

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

I am glad it was useful.

@omerzohar3307 3 года назад

Great video with a brief well explanation. Thank you!

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

Glad it was helpful!

@trankhiemha 7 лет назад

Subscribed, this is really clear and helpful. Thanks a lot. Will you do one for inductors also :)

@rockyrodriguez2351 6 лет назад

Thanks, very informative.

@ElectronicsNotes 6 лет назад

Really glad you found the video useful.

@CharlietoKind 7 лет назад

nice video. keep posting and the subs will follow

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Thanks for your encouragement. We have a number of other videos in various stages of completion, so we hope to launch a number of them in the coming weeks and months.

@cet_learning 7 лет назад

Appreciate the quality of your video presentation and its content. Keep up the good work. :-)

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Glad you like the video - we have a number more videos in the making at the moment and we hope to release some over the next few weeks. Thanks again.

@markharrisllb 3 года назад

Your speed of speech, your diction and your explanations are perfect for my level of knowledge of electronics. Which is slightly less than your average garden weed.

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

Thanks for the feedback. It's really helpful to know.

@antr7493 7 лет назад

wonderful channel. Subscribed.

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Brilliant - thanks

@FilipeReishandmade 4 года назад

Thanks for the awesome class !

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

Glad you liked it!

@bartronicsecurity 3 года назад

Nice video. Would have liked to see more info on the ceramic MLCC caps in particular the temperature compensating ones.

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

Glad you appreciated the video. Interesting thought on MLCC - I try to keep the videos to around 5 minutes or people drift away, but a video on MLCCs could be an idea for the future.

@Dinco422 Год назад

Bro, this is top notch explanation. Kudos to you and ty for it :)

@ElectronicsNotes Год назад

Glad it helped! Really pleased you found the video useful. Thanks for the comment.

@Andrei-ds8qv 6 лет назад

very very nice vidoe man! thanks!

@ElectronicsNotes 6 лет назад

Glad you like it. Hopefully you will also find some of or other videos useful as well.

@shrikumar8665 6 лет назад

Thank you

@alkakashyap817 4 года назад

thanks a lot sir

@prabuddhbharat2934 5 лет назад

Your wonderful voice made me mugging up few things quickly from my copy😂

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Glad we encouraged you on to more investigations. Keep up the good work.

@whiterottenrabbit 3 года назад

Yes, but those mouth noises, though... **facepalm**

@fernando47180 3 года назад

yup, mouth noises are a big issue in this one

@camy.levsky 6 лет назад

I love this!

@ElectronicsNotes 6 лет назад

Great - glad it was useful.

@mikechaves2868 7 лет назад

Your intro animation is amazing, Subba dub dub!

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Really glad you like it. It was created for me by my son-in-law.

@JV-nt9bp 3 года назад

Well explained.👍🏻

@ElectronicsNotes 2 года назад

Thank you, I'm glad it was helpful.

@jvburnes 4 года назад

Couldn't find your contact information. Just wanted to say thank you for your great web article about pi and T filters and cutoff frequencies.

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

Glad we were able to help.

@KTFG 5 лет назад

Good video

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

I am glad you liked the video - thanks for the comment.

@douggale5962 Год назад

Really good video, would be better if it mentioned dielectric absorption.

@ElectronicsNotes Год назад

Glad you liked the video. May be I can have a separate video for dielectric absorption.

@Jay-fp8iy 4 года назад

Thankyou white man. Very helpful.

@kwastek 5 лет назад

Is this the guy from Explaining Computers? Huge fan!

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Sorry, we don't have any connections with Explaining Computers. Glad you liked the video.

@kwastek 5 лет назад

@@ElectronicsNotes Oh, but you have similar voice and similarly great way of clearly explaining things :) Thanks!

@Mixbag 7 лет назад

Just wanted to ask. Are these good quality capacitor brands? ,Murata ,KEMET ,AVX ,Vishay. im starting to do more SMD stuff and i dont know which brands are good or bad and prices go up and down all the time so that dont help

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

I would not want to recommend or otherwise, but these are well established brands used by many companies.

@BlackEpyon 6 лет назад

I'd go for Nichicon or Panasonic, perhaps muRata, but I don't know their track record off hand. The Japanese brands seem to get better lifespan, especially where electrolytics are concerned.

@saidfarid6382 2 года назад

Hello bro Thanks a lot for this interesting information

@ElectronicsNotes 2 года назад

Thanks for your comment. Glad we have been able provide you with interesting information.

@savnoorsamra3597 3 года назад

👍wonderful video

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

Really glad you found the video useful.

@garymartin9777 3 года назад

Think of caps as energy storage devices. Electrolytics typically are placed where the power comes into a circuit board. This filters the incoming supply and holds a fairly large energy reserve. Energy from the electrolytics is usually distributed to several tantalums placed strategically around the board. Lastly, energy from the tantalums is distributed to ceramics. Ceramics provide the burst of transitory energy needed for digital transistor switching. For a very brief time a transistor may show a near zero resistance and shunt a lot of energey to ground. That's why there needs to be adequate number of ceramics of a range of values to provide that instantaneous current demand. Consult semiconductor or device datasheets for proper cap values and placements.

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

Thanks for the comment.

@khomo12 2 месяца назад

Nice!👍👍👍

@ElectronicsNotes 2 месяца назад

Glad you found the video useful.

@crazymetallian 5 лет назад

the poliyester non polarized caps, are also used in crossover audio, they can filter frecuencies and can be found as large as 100uf maybe more (they're expensive though they higher the capacitance)

@noztk 2 года назад

I just want to fix my monitor. Somehow I landed here trying to figure things out. Gives me a nice dejavu feeling when I build my first computer :')

@ElectronicsNotes 2 года назад

It is amazing where you end up on the internet after doing few searches, etc.

@abdessamed28 5 лет назад

what is the best of oscillators?

@tombouie 6 месяцев назад

Thks

@ElectronicsNotes 6 месяцев назад

Glad you found the video helpful.

@danieldonahue3293 2 года назад

What type would a point condenser ignition on a 60s car use ? just wondering thanks !

@ElectronicsNotes 2 года назад

I confess this is not an area I am particularly familiar with, but I believe they used a wax impregnated paper for the dielectric at one stage. I’m not sure what modern replacements use.

@METALPLUSGAMING 6 лет назад

can i replace 120uf 450v 105c electrolytic capacitor but different packaging sizes?

@Geopholus 5 лет назад

Yes, but make sure the working voltage is the same or higher, and make sure the polarity is right. there is usually a minus sign ,.. It must be oriented the same way.

@Muna1640531 2 года назад

Plastic film capacitors can run today's till 47Mf 630v .

@abhirajp4046 5 лет назад

Plzz add on with mica and paper capacitors ... till now it is good

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Paper and mica capacitors are less widely used, so they were not included. Sorry.

@robotasb8551 3 года назад

this dude sounds like he's from national geographic lmao

@cimmik 7 лет назад

Should I avoid AC on a polarized capacitor?

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Generally the answer is yes. You should avoid the voltage going positive and negative on a polarised capacitor. If an AC voltage is superimposed in a DC voltage and the polarity of the voltage does not change then that would be OK.

@BlackEpyon 6 лет назад

Smoothing capacitors are placed behind the rectifier in power supplies. There shouldn't be any application where the current reverses on a polarized capacitor. They are NOT diodes.

@MaidenLoaf 4 года назад

Note about ceramic capacitors; saw another video where a guy connected a larger one to his oscilloscope and showed that not only did the signal shown on the scope vary if he so much as had his hand close to it, but it also showed significant spikes if he tapped it due to the piezoelectric effect. Suggests they're not great in audio applications, for example.

@99hari55 7 лет назад

400 volt electolytic using in tv power supply

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Yes there are a few very high voltage electrolytic, but many at all these days.

@Korystuwatch42 3 года назад

can I use a plastic film capacitors for a high frequency?

@Korystuwatch42 3 года назад

Oh wait, it depends from the plastic type?

@hbcxinhuaxiong 3 года назад

our company of the capacitors,our shop link:xinhuaxiong.en.alibaba.com/productlist.html?spm=a2700.shop_index.88.29

@adamsonpilotos6644 2 года назад

Wow...

@ElectronicsNotes 2 года назад

Thanks

@classicsamusaran3817 3 года назад

How to long-term store removable smartphone Li-Po batteries?

@daikiryoku 4 года назад

When you say "leakage" do you mean voltage leakage or dielectric fluid leakage?

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

The term leakage applies to current leakage. The dielectric in some capacitors provides a much higher level of insulation in some capacitors than others. Electrolytic capacitors have a relatively high level of leakage, often measured in terms of microamps. Others like ceramic capacitors are much better int his respect and the current is very very much lower.

@jeffbecker8716 6 лет назад

4:19 - you somehow know that this is in picofarads, but at 6:02, another 3-digit number and letter and now it's in nanofarads. How are we to know this?

@ElectronicsNotes 6 лет назад

It is often assumed that capacitance figures are in pF unless there is some reason to assume otherwise (e.g. electrolytic capacitors). The capacitor you mention is has figures of 104 to indicate its value. This is 10 x 10^4 pF, i.e. 10 x 10000pF = 100000pF, = 100 nF. I hope this explains.

@jeffbecker8716 6 лет назад

Thanks for the prompt reply. Just wondering what the convention is between nano and micro. Would 0.1uF be preferred over 100nF? Which do folks in the industry use the most? From what I see, at least from videos, it's mostly pico and microFarad notations.

@ElectronicsNotes 6 лет назад

Microfarads, picofarads and nanofarad are all used. It depends upon the value and people's preferences. On our Electronics Notes website (www.electronics-notes.com) we have a page on capacitance conversions: www.electronics-notes.com/articles/basic_concepts/capacitance/capacitor-conversion-chart-uf-nf-pf.php It has a calculator as well. I hope this helps.

@lawrencedoliveiro9104 5 лет назад

@@ElectronicsNotes Seems like “47mF” would be less ungainly than “47000µF”.

@Geopholus 5 лет назад

Nowadays manuf use Nano a lot, which is 1/1000th of a microFarad. they used to use microfarads, and picofarads (or micro-microfarads). So .001 uf would be referred to as one nanofarad, oftentimes currently.

@strssko 7 лет назад

Ceramic capasitors cannot be used with high frequencies because these capacitors are very sensitive to tempeture. It can be used only when u don't need a constant capacitance.

@ElectronicsNotes 7 лет назад

Thanks very much for your comment regarding ceramic capacitors. You are right that some types of ceramic capacitor are sensitive to temperature, but on the whole ceramic types are used for RF because of their superior performance at these frequencies. You have to be careful with the leaded versions because in general they are sensitive to temperature. Accordingly they are typically only used for coupling and decoupling. Surface mount varieties are used almost exclusively where RF is concerned for a variety of applications. These days a number of very good ceramic dielectrics have been developed that have performance levels that are very good in terms of temperature sensitivity and they are being used in areas that would previously have needed other forms of high tolerance capacitor. I hope this helps.

@99hari55 7 лет назад

Ceramic capacitor used in crt tv circuits ....so its high fequency capacitor

@drtidrow 6 лет назад

ElectronicsNotes They're good for rf bypass caps or coupling caps between stages, but not anywhere that temperature stability is important like oscillator and filter circuits.

@Geopholus 5 лет назад

Ceramic caps have been used in many applications. They have been used in radio, and audio for years and the stable versions NP0's can be used in exactly applications, where temperature drift is pretty critical.

@gilabas491 5 лет назад

i am confused between tantalum and ceramic seems like they are the same in appearance.

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Tantalum capacitors are polarised capacitors and tend to be much larger than ceramics. Ceramics are non-polar and come in a variety of different packages, etc. If you need, there is more explanation here: www.electronics-notes.com/articles/electronic_components/capacitors/capacitor-types.php

@JMNTN 4 года назад

I got a 30 uf film capacitor

@ElectronicsNotes 4 года назад

Yes, there are always exceptions to the general rule. By and large, aluminium electrolytic and tantalums are used for values above 1uF although not always.

@fishin11 3 года назад

Just because a capacitor has markings that ‘say/show’ the negative side, DONT believe it. It MUST be tested to find negative side FOR SURE, or, using a surround sound receiver for example, you will get hum/noise!

@jagdishjsk 3 года назад

Film Capacitor Polarized or non Polarized? AC or DC?

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

They are normally non-polarised.

@classicsamusaran3817 Год назад

Ceramic smd capacitors, polyester smd capacitors mounted on a PCB electronic circuit and stored for long periods of time without being energized without use, suffer from the same problem as aluminum electrolytic capacitors, losing capacitance, high leakage current…?

@ElectronicsNotes Год назад

The problem tends to be seen in electrolytic capacitors. Other types are a lot better and do not suffer froth same issue.

@classicsamusaran3817 Год назад

@@ElectronicsNotes why do ceramic, tantalum and polyester smd capacitors not have the same long-term storage problems as electrolytic capacitors?

@marktayao7050 3 года назад

3:55

@brianwoodard233 5 лет назад

mic to sensitive I hear spit .

@lilyrose8945 4 года назад

I have so so many capacitors, if anyone knows where to sell them please leave me a comment. Thank you

@marktayao7050 3 года назад

I think the language he's using is American-Chinese😂 LoL

@ElectronicsNotes 3 года назад

No English English

@HemangJoshi 5 лет назад

Mica capacitor is missing. I just came here to watch that... Dislike...

@ElectronicsNotes 5 лет назад

Indeed, but I tried to focus on the main types of capacitor in use today. Silver mica capacitors are mentioned into e accompanying page: www.electronics-notes.com/articles/electronic_components/capacitors/capacitor-types.php - I hope this helps.