Invisible to citizens, undersea fiber optic communication cables are nevertheless whetting the appetites of companies and countries that want to use them as a major geopolitical weapon. A real digital war is being played out this time at the bottom of the oceans.
In this video we will retrace the history of undersea communication cables, from the telegraph to the first telephone cable and then to fiber optics, and then we will discuss the digital sovereignty and geopolitical issues related to these cables.
Complex issues, both for private companies like Google or Facebook but also for major powers like the United States, China or Russia. In this context, we will talk about the main construction projects underway such as the Friendship cable from Meta, Dunant from Google or Apricot, which aims to connect Singapore, Taiwan, the Philippines, Japan and Indonesia by 2024.
We will also see the espionage issues that can be linked to these cables but also the recent flaws of these infrastructures highlighted, as during the event related to the Nordstream 1 and 2 gas pipelines last September or the cutting of submarine cables between China and Taiwan.
Finally, we will finish with the biggest project in the sector today, namely the 45,000 km long 2Africa cable, which aims to improve connectivity on the African continent by linking it to Europe and Asia, to benefit more than 38% of the world's population. A project that invalidates the words of Elon Musk on the "death of submarine cables", invoking his mega-project Starlink to provide Internet everywhere on the planet through a constellation of several tens of thousands of satellites. Good discovery!
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Text: Guillaume Fournier
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00:00 Dominant players in the communication cable sector
00:30 The hegemony of GAFAM
03:26 Geopolitical issues between China and the United States
04:18 Submarine cables and espionage
06:07 Protection and vulnerabilities of submarine infrastructures
07:18 Tensions between China and Taiwan
08:13 Elon Musk and the death of cables?
08:58 2Africa: The longest submarine cable in the world
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25 июн 2024
