Chromosome 21 - How accidental inheritance can lead to Downs syndrome

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The creation of our sex cells -- sperm and eggs -- is an intricate process which can spell the difference between life and death. We typically inherit 23 pairs of chromosomes from our parents, but when mistakes occur in the process of meiosis (the formation of sperm and egg cells) some sex cells can end up with two copies of the same chromosome. The chromosome that this usually occurs with is chromosome 21. When that sex cell then fuses with another to form an embryo, that embryo inherits 3 copies of chromosome 21 (one from one parent, and two from another) meaning that it has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. As chromosome 21 is one of the shortest chromosomes the embryo can survive this duplication, but the result is a condition called Down's Syndrome, which causes developmental and physical disabilities. TV presenter and biologist Dr Yan Wong explains how this process occurs.
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Опубликовано:

20 дек 2013

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Комментарии : 42

@traog 10 лет назад

Please, don't move the camera so much and switching the angle unnecessarily is distracting from the content.

@toosinbeymen6304 10 лет назад

Excellent. The music came up a little early making it hard to hear the last bit. But that's a quibble. Nice work.

@alberto148 10 лет назад

this explanation was a hell of a lot better than your last chromosome video RI...

@rapturas 10 лет назад

A huge improvement from the last episode! Please, please keep it up! :D

@fiddlelab 7 лет назад

Thank you, this is so well put together and explained very well Helps a lot for school, thanks :D

@darkspeed62 6 лет назад

Excellent explanation! Made it really clear

@jul5126 3 года назад

somehow stumbled upon this video and learned something new!

@evak2215 7 лет назад

Good explanation.

@JiveDadson 10 лет назад

Replace the cameraman with a tripod. And look into the lens. Thumbs up anyway. :-)

@sjcwoor 10 лет назад

Downs Syndrome really confuses me in respect to WHY it actually creates a "defect". All the right chromosomes are there (Albeit twice in the case of C21). All the infomation is there and available to "Code" a human without the defect. ...but it doesn't, even though there is 'above and beyond' all the data needed. Its like everything (and more) is there but it doesn't bother using it. Do scientists yet know why this is the case or is it something yet to be discovered?

@mikalalukume733 8 лет назад

let's put it this way. When making an omelet you add some salt. When you add the right amount it taste great, when you add too much, it's not as good.

@darkspeed62 6 лет назад

Good analogy. I like.

@laserdrip 4 года назад

If we use the analogy of DNA as computer program's code then we can see why erroneously repeated instruction can cause malfunction despite the full code having "everything it needs" to function properly.

@lisawilliams7836 3 года назад

Thank hou very much.

@Vitorruy1 7 лет назад

Nothing like a distracting music to ruim an educational video

@Katarinarabbit 7 лет назад

Vitorruy1 nothing like a misspelled word to *ruin* a sentence.

@Vitorruy1 7 лет назад

haha

@sylviacarmichael7525 4 года назад

Forgot to add that Downs are very sensitive to epilepsy medication less is better, my brothers seizures are triggered by sewer and drain smells especially ammonia.

@paopaowell917 8 лет назад

i don't know what you said

@kakashi1992e 7 лет назад

I really wanted to fix this guy's glasses

@StephenMortimer 10 лет назад

"the Rat King is coming" for this subject/video?? RI you need send your videographer to Nottingham for study!!

@bonnieclary5819 3 года назад

Wow! We are amazingly made by God!

@GuyFawkes911 10 лет назад

The chromosomes of Male and Female mix and devide and than create sex cells (egg and sperm cells). Either I had a window place in biology or that is just completly wrong. "They mix.. in males they all go and make up sperm cells, in females its slightly diffrent only one of them makes up an egg cell"

@Tupster 10 лет назад

In males, there is enough material to make 4 separate sperm, but in a female, most of the cellular material goes to make a single egg, while the other 3 get a very small portion and are not viable. It is like dividing a pie. In males you get 4 equal portions and in females only one cell gets most of the pie. This should be covered in high school biology class.

@GuyFawkes911 10 лет назад

Jason Wilkins That wasn't the thing. Sperm and egg cells are created before sex. I'm pretty certain of that ;-p but in this video male and female chromosoms mix and than create sperm and egg cells. The quote ws just to show where it becomes evidently in the video.

@Tupster 10 лет назад

KOR What?

@GuyFawkes911 10 лет назад

Jason Wilkins watch the video and you will notice: male and female chromosomes mix, they are pulled apart, and than the person explaining it says the chromosoms make up sperm and egg cells.

@Tupster 10 лет назад

KOR I think you misunderstood.

@hudsonh344 7 лет назад

what a great rapper name 21 chromosomes

@omerlavian5120 10 лет назад

Good video. Thankfully more rigorous than the balding hair one, but why is there no vocabulary in here. The process described is called NONDISJUNCTION. I get that you are trying to pull in the masses, but ONE WORD is not that bad.

@angiejones968 5 лет назад

First of all it's Down Syndrome NOT downs second of my baby is not a mistake or accident!

@noahcarlson1433 4 года назад

no one said that your baby is a mistake

@angiejones968 2 года назад

@Alex Crossandra well I watched this again, first of all the thumb nail reads Downs syndrome = it's Down Syndrome. second he does refer Downs an accident multiple times third if you listen close enough he says Downs syndrome. I stand by my comment/ my correcting him. When anyone refers to any Syndrome as a mistake/accident I have the right to correct, I have the right to be angry. It is the same as calling our kids that. Judging by your comment I'm pretty sure you have no problem using the R word. I will reply back to you. Have an awesome day.

@angiejones968 2 года назад

@@noahcarlson1433 yes he did. I will not reply to you again.