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Creating a Folded Inverted-Vee Antenna (031) 

Electronics for the Inquisitive Experimenter
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In this video I will be showing you how I created a Folded Inverted-Vee Antenna for the 3.5 to 4.0 MHz Amateur Radio 80 meter band.
I will walk you through the whole process so you can create your own for any frequency you choose.
Why do this?
A Folded Dipole or Folded Inverted-Vee antenna has significantly wider bandwidth than its non-folded cousins.
I wanted to increase the bandwidth of my antenna to cover more of the 80m band.
Here is the promised link to the 4NEC2 model:
drive.google.com/file/d/1FN1M...
Time Markers for Your Convenience
----------------------------
00:05 Initial Comments & Introductions
01:07 What is an Inverted-Vee Antenna?
01:36 Why use an Inverted-Vee Antenna?
02:14 What are the characteristics of an Inverted-Vee Antenna?
02:45 Why create a Folded Inverted-Vee Antenna?
03:49 How does the current antenna perform?
03:59 Introducing the antenna
04:32 Its performance - the VNA scan results
05:23 Planning the new Antenna
05:27 Starts in 4NEC2 - a Quick Tour of the Model
09:39 The Pieces and Parts
09:45 The Center Support
10:41 The Spreaders
12:19 End Supports, Insulators, Spreaders
12:58 The Wire
14:20 Assembling the Antenna
16:28 Testing & Tuning
17:31 How much wire do I trim to tune?
20:22 The FINAL Performance Results
21:38 Final Comments and Toodle-Oots
-----------------------------

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29 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 53   
@FranciscoElizalde1955
@FranciscoElizalde1955 2 дня назад
As always, a magister class, Ralph! Thanks a lot, 73. Pancho, LU4DCW
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 2 дня назад
Thank you so much! I am so glad that you found this helpful. You are very welcome! 🙂
@aerofart
@aerofart 9 месяцев назад
Backing into the length formula to derive the Velocity Factor for your particular wire and configuration is the CORRECT way to achieve accurate adjustments. I’ve seen other RU-vidr antenna makers explain their method which uses the standard factor, and as one might expect, their adjustments never prove to be correct, and in the end, they have to achieve their results by trial and error, which defeats using a formulaic approach in the first place. Kudos for actually educating the community. I really enjoy all of your videos. Edit: I just remembered, Callum (DX Commander) pointed out that a folded end does not react linearly to changes in length. Im guessing there is an exponential/logarithmic relationship involved. Trial and error may just be the most convenient method after all.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 9 месяцев назад
Thank you! I'd like to call it the "educated trial and error method." You are right, there isn't necessarily a *perfectly* linear relationship. But, like so many things in the EE world, if you get close enough, even a non-linear relationship can appear reasonably linear. This is done *all* the time in analysis. So, we calculate it as a linear entity, trim less than calculated off and then recalculate and trim. We are not, then, trimming blindly or forever trimming small chunks. 🙂
@jsturman1174
@jsturman1174 Год назад
Just discovered your channel. As a Tech, I am impressed by your delivery, knowledge and professionalism in your videos. Thank you for teaching us the way you do, making it easier to follow the info. You have a new follower.👍 73
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Awesome, thank you! Welcome to the family!
@victoryfirst2878
@victoryfirst2878 Год назад
I love your passion for the artform. Keep up the great work.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Thanks, will do! :-)
@andylinton2798
@andylinton2798 Год назад
I made a folded dipole for 40m last year. I made it out of a length of 450R window line. As the feedpoint impedance is close to 300R, I fed it with 300R ladder line down to the balun near the ground, used a 6:1 balun then coax to the shack. It worked really well, good and quiet too. I’d imagine yours is wider bandwidth than mine though, as the elements are spaced more.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Yep, the wider the spacing, the wider the bandwidth with the law of diminishing returns in force.
@SpinStar1956
@SpinStar1956 9 месяцев назад
I've played with many dipoles and I finally ended up with a 102' dipole, fed with 450 window-line, on a 48' tower and never looked back. It has not only able to hit all the HF bands (except 160m and needed because only have TH-7DX) but I get the best signal reports I've ever gotten. All of my old antennas were coax-fed, some even with baluns but after using balanced feeders I will never go back to coax again! In addition, we replaced the coax on a FD 40m delta-loop and dramatically increased its performance. 73...
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 9 месяцев назад
You certainly cannot beat a balanced feedline! 😎Hands down the best way to go ... if you can. Coax provides a LOT of convenience (especially in getting your signal in and out of the shack). If you have supports available to support the ends of a dipole, too. Yes, you have an ideal installation. 🙂
@SpinStar1956
@SpinStar1956 9 месяцев назад
@@eie_for_you well, that begs the question, what would be the advantages (besides the obvious multi-band capability) of your folded dipole if fed with open wire feeders-worth the squeeze?
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 9 месяцев назад
@@SpinStar1956 You could most certainly feed this thing with open wire feeders (native to its impedance). As I see it, you would not have to deal with the losses associated with coax and the BALUN. But I think that the losses at 3.75 MHz are pretty minimal.
@SpinStar1956
@SpinStar1956 9 месяцев назад
@@eie_for_you well, no I understand that, but I was wondering about the nature of your dipole being folded. The only thing I could see was maybe less tuner excursions per frequency, Delta. Is there any radiation advantage or is it only bandwidth enhancement?
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 9 месяцев назад
@@SpinStar1956 When I was doing the modeling in 4NEC2, I set the characteristic impedance to the native impedance of the antenna (300 for the folded dipole and 75 for the dipole, as I recall). So, the analysis is quite agnostic of the particular feed method, whether coax, 4:1 BALUN & coax or open-wire feedline. The advantage is mainly in the bandwidth of the antenna The folded dipole will have a wider bandwidth than the dipole and the folded inverted-vee than the inverted vee. Yes, the radiation pattern is, indeed, different between dipole and inverted-vee. Is there a difference between a folded dipole and a dipole? As I recall ... not really. Is the radiation efficiency higher? I wasn't paying attention to that, so I can not say. All of that is in there in the 4NEC2 simulations, I just didn't notice. Unfortunately I am not in a position to re-open those simulation files to have a look see. I did provide the link to the 4NEC simulation so you could download that an play with it yourself. If you are not familiar with the FREE 4NEC2 antenna modeling program, here is a link to the first video in my series on the program: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-Zd6BT558YRA.html It is sooooooo much fun to play with! 🙂
@fnordist
@fnordist 4 месяца назад
You could construct a 3/8 folded inverted Vee antenna with a 9:1 balun and a tuning capacitor at the feed point. This antenna works excellently on multiple frequency bands.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 4 месяца назад
That sounds like a very interesting antenna to put into the 4NEC2 simulator to see what it looks like. Thanks for the idea. 🙂
@andylinton2798
@andylinton2798 Год назад
Interesting and really well done! When trimming an antenna to its res freq, my trick is to work out what percentage of the desired freq the actual res freq is; If the res freq is too low then the antenna is too long by that percentage. So cut that percentage off the legs!
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Yup! That is exactly the kind of thing I do, but I still purposely cut it a bit longer than those calculations tell me. It's nice that there is that simple inversely proportional formula for antenna length! 🙂
@robbvk6es
@robbvk6es Год назад
Well explained Ralph and a nice design. As you no doubt know, one feature of a folded dipole and other loop style antennas is the inherent DC 'grounding' meaning there is no static build up on the antenna. Such static build up has been known to kill VNA's if the user fails to short the center and braid of the feedline before connecting the instrument. Folded dipole are reputedly 'quieter' than a conventional dipole for this same reason.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Excellent point! Thank you!
@jerrym1183
@jerrym1183 Год назад
Good stuff, I appreciate the time you put in to put in this video together, for 75/80 M I run inverted L here I have two elevated radials underneath my inverted L antenna inverted L is a single wire I have a toggle switch a double pole double throw toggle switch which toggles between two different sets of radials for one cut for 3790 the other one's cut for 3950 on the high end of 80 m it's a little bit of a trick to walk outside with my 10-ft pole I can throw that toggle switch right at the feed point of the antenna as the elevated wires are up 10 ft in the air but I can easily switch between 3950 and 3790 with a very low 1. 5 or less one to one SWR and I can move all over those two bands so I get the right chew and on the high side and the dxn down on the DX window but yeah I love antennas thank you...
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Thanks for the encouragement! I use an inverted L for 160m. I have a trap at the end of it tuned for near the top end of the band. With this I get a double humped SWR response. The bottom dip is with the trap and additional wire working and then the top dip is where the trap blocks. Have you ever tried doing "virtual" antenna experiments with the FREE 4NEC2 antenna modelling program? I love working through this stuff there, then putting it all into practice. It is amazing how close this simulation is to the real life antenna. I have a video series on 4NEC2 if you need it.
@jerrym1183
@jerrym1183 Год назад
@@eie_for_you I've played a little bit with eznec, part of my problem now is I have so many HF antennas in the yard, and hoping to keep interaction down, in the last few days I have now put up a Vee Beam with 100 ft legs beaming NE, for Europe, trying to get bigger signal for 10/12/15/17 meters, initial results are encouraging, but as usual Murphy's law had this experiment disrupted by the biggest geomagnetic storm in years,which for now has disrupted the excellent propagation we were just having on those Bands hihi. The Vee is 2, 100ft wires , up about 40 feet, apex is 50 degree'ish, aiming Europe (and southwest)
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
@@jerrym1183 WOW!
@PatAutrey
@PatAutrey Год назад
So you can't extend your tether points into your neighbor's yard another possibility might be to use some inexpensive telescopic fiberglass poles to push up the end of the wire as high as you can get it maybe 10 ft or 15 ft high effectively creating a second angle on the descent that might be a way to improve your SWR even further
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
I get your idea. It is certainly one to consider. One has to remember, though, that the antenna is not a light antenna requiring a significant amount of tension to keep the "sag" in bounds. I will say, though, it survives sub-zero temperatures with high winds and ice storms this winter. So I am pretty pleased with it mechanical strength.
@PatAutrey
@PatAutrey Год назад
@@eie_for_you sure enjoying your channel! Thanks
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
@@PatAutrey Thank you! I am glad you are! 🙂
@gregmay9097
@gregmay9097 3 месяца назад
Fascinating, what about a small coil with taps at both ends to facilitate easy tuning, or center frequency shift later if you want to shift down towards the CW section? Presumably it would make it a little more compact.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 3 месяца назад
That sounds like a very interesting idea! It would make for a very interesting experiment. If you do this, I would be very, very interested in the results. For me, when I want to go to the extreme bottom of the band with my ICOM 7610, its antenna tuner just won't cut the mustard (my TS2000 will, easily!) So, for the low end I tune to the lowest possible frequency that it *will* tune, then just slide down to where I want to be and still have a reasonably low SWR. 🙂
@gregmay9097
@gregmay9097 3 месяца назад
@@eie_for_you My main interest is 160 and below, as an ex maritime radio officer that used the sub-broadcast band frequencies for coastal radio telegraphy I have an unexplainable desire to return to my "old stomping grounds" in a nostalgic and undoubtedly frivolous return to a previous era. Check out the Maritime Radio Station. Museum of KFS in San Francisco for more insight, currently in my top ten bucket list visits. Keep up the interesting work. 73's.
@ryanmigliori660
@ryanmigliori660 Год назад
Just a dumb question.? But when you hose clamp coax with out a rubber insulation between the clamp and coax , wouldn't that cause the swr to rise a little bit. Cause I know that when I move my coax around near metal the swr changes a little. And also dumb questio#2 in one of your pictures it looked like the coax was like knotted going through the eye lids. Would that not also cause the swr to rise. Now as for question 1 I may have seen the picture wrong you may not have the coax held down by hose clamps. To me that may seem like it would change the inductance characteristics of the coax. Iam no rf engineer , just mostly a cb radio hobbies. And iam a ham also. But just some things I noticed. I have used sewer pipe clamps with rubber insulation from home depot to put up antennas . Agin I do not know much about engeering antennas. Iam really just a hobbies. And I know that when coax Is looped or tightly knotted it changes the wire resistance inside. Cause it causes the center wire inside to flatten out, changing the resistance and velocity factor. To making it higher witch in turn changes the swr. Agin iam no expert just a cb radio hobbiest. May be straighten out the coax at the eyelids and see if the vswr and swr comes down. Agin like I said iam no expert. I learn from trial and error, cause I know that in electronics everything affects everything.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Be assured, in my mind there are no dumb questions! :-) The hose clamps are not used on coax. The hose clamps are use on the 12AWG antenna wire. It is insulated wire (black) so it appears like it *could* be coax, but it is just stranded wire with black insulation. I hope this helps dispell the confusion here. Thanks for asking.
@dimitriskamanas5804
@dimitriskamanas5804 Год назад
First of all a very good video well presented well done mate and keep doing such. Now the hard part and that is another stupid question or sound like that to you. Since the inverted folded vee antenna after trim has achieve that low swr and considering the transceivers you use are 50 ohms, why you need a balun at the top. Is this a real balun or is just a simple feeder. Thanks in advance for your answer and wish all the best to your projects. Dimi.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
Thank you for the encouragement on the video. I will keep rolling out the videos as long as I have things to talk about. 😎 The balun is a 4:1 balun for impedance matching. The folded dipole has an impedance which is nominally 4 times that of its unfolded cousin. This, the 4:1 balun is required to take this impedance and turn it into my desired 50 Ohms.
@1shARyn3
@1shARyn3 Год назад
12 gauge wire radius is 0.0034' (0.0042 is 10 gauge)
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
From www.rapidtables.com/calc/wire/wire-gauge-chart.html I get a wire diameter of 0.0808 inches. This gives me a wire radius in feet of 0.0034 feet, so you are right! I had to check! 🙂
@1shARyn3
@1shARyn3 Год назад
@@eie_for_you Thought the difference had the potential of distorting your results, so I thought I would mention it. Very good video, by the way. Really enjoyed it.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
@Gwen Walcott Fortunately, with this project, the wire gauge actually doesn't make a lot of difference. 🙂 Thanks! Glad you enjoyed the video!
@WT2D-Michel
@WT2D-Michel Год назад
Whats you call sign
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
WA2PUX since 1971. Before that WN2PUX. Also, in Canada, VE4PUX (Moose Lake, Manitoba).
@docokd7oco443
@docokd7oco443 Год назад
You're making the assumption that all users are amateur extra license holders (us) and would use the entire band. General far outweigh amateur extra and techs outwiegh all.
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you Год назад
I am sorry that you are misinterpreting my intentions here. I am making the assumption that general class license holders would want to be able to use both the CW/RTTY/DATA portion of the band which runs from 3.525 MHz to 3.6 MHz as well as the voice portion of the band that runs from 3.8 MHz to 4.0 MHz. Usually one has to favor one end of the band or the other on this band, but this design allows use of the entire allocation so the general class operator can effectively use the top end for voice or drop down to the bottom end for digital or CW operation without concern of SWR. True, novice and techs only have a small portion of the band for CW only from 3.525 to 3.6 MHz so antenna bandwidth is of little concern.
@n0vty873
@n0vty873 4 месяца назад
terminate it in the middle and cover all the bands
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 4 месяца назад
This is not making sense to me. I am not sure what you mean by "terminate in the middle."
@n0vty873
@n0vty873 4 месяца назад
termination resistor@@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 2 месяца назад
NOW I GET it! I stumbled across this design elsewhere. I'd like to try it in 4NEC2 to see what it will do (theoretically). It looks like a ~400 Ohm termination. The trick is knowing the power dissipation required.
@n0vty873
@n0vty873 2 месяца назад
@@eie_for_you You got it!
@eie_for_you
@eie_for_you 2 месяца назад
@@n0vty873 🙂
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