Culloden Battlefield Tour: How Were The Jacobites Defeated? 

Je Suis Prest

Alcohol helped, huge amounts was consumed by both sides in many battles. The British navy gave sailors a pint of rum before navel battles.

@@englishgoordie Excellent comment. Sherry and shortbread perhaps before hell on earth.

Interesting comment. Do imagine the Battle of the Somme was less fearsome? Every battle is individual. If you are the first in the door on raid, you can be inspired to sincere negotiation with your maker.

I don't think they had a choice with the Clan system.

It’s all fake these markers where out there 100 years later

Totally disagree can hardly understand a word the guy says

​@@haggishead7558 Scottish accented English does sound like that.

@@jeffreygao3956 Having lived 60 years in Scotland I never hear an accent that BAD

He's a buddy of the Prince of Wales

Yeah there is something eerie about the moor Andrew that is for sure. Don't know how comfortable I would be up there overnight alone.

The feeling of sadness is pervasive.

You bet it is,

@@jimhanna9251 I went last July and I can tell you the feeling of peace but eerieness is quite uncomfortable

I've been there. iv'e been to the WW1 battlefields and to Crimea. Definitely the saddest place I've ever been to is the Culloden battlefield.

It was the feudal Highland Lairds, many who were Jacobites, who cleared the land for sheep. Not the British Government. In fact one of the biggest public peacetime expenditures in the UK before Covid was the British Hanovarian Government’s infrastructure program in the Highlands (such as the Caledonian Canal) which were specifically to employ cleared Highlanders and were mostly of little profitable value to the State. Feudalism isn’t romantic. It’s effectively slavery and it’s end with the defeat of the Jacobites had a liberating effect on the nation.

@@chrisryan3770 The voice of reason. Good post!

it was genocide and the British will be forced to pay reparations once Scotland is free.

Jerris -- Better to live under the English, than be a dead Scot. The English were fair, so long as you paid your taxes.

You should watch Battlefield Britain then.

Which was a daft programme, full of Braveheart inspired nonsense that showed this battle as the British soldiers getting decimated by whoever the lead actor for the Jocks was. Depiction like that give a completely skewed, over romanticised version of what actually happened.

@@nigden1 well, that's what Tv shows and movies do.

True, which is why subsequent research is always needed, shows like that, or any Mel Gibson productions, are just fantasy exploiting actual events. No harm done. but simply entertainment.

@@nigden1 ya, but they do bring history alive in some ways. And people who really care about historical accuracy digs deeper.

did you fail?

Read a bit more British military history & perhaps you'll realise that walking towards cannon & musketry was quite a common activity for British soldiers. Not forgetting the Sailors in their wooden & eventually Steel ships. Then the Airmen of 2 wars.

Charges were still used in WW1, the difference was that war was now on a larger and industrial scale.

Being on the front row in a colonial era battle must’ve been one of the worst of any time period. Although in medieval battles if you were poor you were fighting armoured knights with whatever you could get your hands on so i doubt that was much fun either.

I just think they were a bit more stupid throwing their lives away 4 nothing

@@haggishead7558 It wasn't for nothing. People didn't go to war for no reason. They believed in a cause which truly meant something to them. To their minds they were prepared to die for that cause.

Sure they were tougher but back then life was cheaper and people did terrible things to each other. I wouldnt call it courage ,,,,more like narrow closed mindedness.

So you're saying your ancestor got married and had children by 11? Or do you mean a 'non-direct ancestor'?

No he's saying that his ancestor was 11 at the time of the battle, not that he had a family at the time. The family most likely came a bit later.

@@gabrielgrimes8297 If none out of 200 rebels came back, then his ancestor didn't come back, unless he was on the other side!

By pretender you mean the rightful Heir to the throne Charles Edward Stuart

Don't believe this for a second. Men were deserting from one army to the other on a daily basis, so the Jacobites would have heard of this before half of the Hanoverians. I take it you do know that a huge percentage of Highlanders are left-handed.

I’ve read this over the years and thinks it’s being used way too much….the Highland charge was a mass of men and weight hitting the enemy not uniformly as one might imagine….it just wouldn’t work, the Jacobites were outgunned half starving and beaten by well fed well trained troops.

@@alexwilliamson1486 The Jacobites were outgunned, but, with the wind from the east, Cumberland's gunners could not see where their shots were landing, in order to fix the range. Further, there was a small regiment in the Jacobite army who were in Cumberland's pay and he did not want to kill them. To say that the Highland charge was not uniform is just daft. These men trained regularly and their victory at Prestonpans was down to iron discipline. That's why Cope was exonerated. As for half starving, that is even dafter, as they were on home territory, with Fraser and Chisholm farmlands on their doorstep. Do you seriously think that the Chisholm and Fraser chiefs would have allowed their clans to go into battle on an empty stomach?

@@georgecampbell5281 I've tried it, the diagonal bayonet defense look to be still effective if your opponents are right or left handed (ok, we used a broom and a long ruler for our accurate simulation and I am only 'bit of a leftie'). Not sure what percentage were left handed but only in the 'Kerr' strong holds in the borders had spiral staircases designed to favour left handed defenders - the others all favoured righties.

@@andymoore9977 Not true. If it didn't make a difference whether the Highlanders were right or left handed, then your bayonet tactic would not have been suggested. The Kerrs were indeed known for being left handed, but only because they could afford stone built castles, unlike most of the Highland clans. As I said earlier, watch some shinty matches to see that few players are exclusively right handed. The great shinty teams down the years have come from places which also had golf courses. A councillor and former shinty player from Newtonmore died a few years ago. He also played golf and had a scratch handicap playing right handed and a handicap of one, playing left handed. The story of Culloden is the most complete fraud in UK history. I have begun writing a book about it, which will NOT contain any theories of mine. Instead, it will contain evidence, which has been overlooked, ignored, misinterpreted, forgotten and, worst of all, corrupted by the flow of Chinese whispers down the centuries by so-called historians and self publicists. Oh, and don't take my word for it. Check out Cumberland's letter to the Secretary of State in which he says he can't put the true story of the battle in writing, but will have to reveal it verbally when they meet.

Despite his opening remarks explaining that there were English and Scottish fighting on both sides, he thereafter kept referring to the 'British Troops' when it would have been more accurate to have said Government (or Hanoverian)Troops. Saying 'The British' gives it a more nationalistic slant, just as some thirty years later they have Paul Revere saying "The British are coming", instead of the more historically accurate "the regulars are out".

The ones who weren't Brittish were the dead ones then and perhaps again and again and so forth and so on.

@@madcyclist58 Scots are British.

@@ruzzsverion2728 Yes, exactly. So to call the Hanoverian army British when the Jacobite army was also British, is wrong. Which was my point.

Well said Sir!

Not across that landscape, very difficult to keep up a 400yd charge.

@@philandminiphil Across an open moor after being shot to pieces by Cumberland's artillery,...No. But at a river crossing.....

Nope

The defeat was inevitable. These were hardened British troops with battle experience. They had the technological advantage and a huge advantage in firepower. A pitched battle was always going to favour the British army in the end. If they had stuck to small scale engagements then it may have prolonged the conflict but they were running out of supplies and money.

@@craigham93 Read John Prebble's account of the events leading up to Culloden. The highlanders were betrayed by Prince Charles and his sycophants who had no concept of irregular warfare and had an idiotic notion that they must meet the Duke of Cumberland in open combat. The story of a wild horde armed only with claymores, jedburgh axes and farm implements is discounted by the recovery after the battle of some 2,000 firelocks or muskets. Lord George Murray begged the Prince to let him lead the highland and French forces in a surprise attack on Nairn but the Prince's procrastination, reinforced by his drunken quartermaster, delayed the assault until it was too late.

You have à very strong bloodline, I imagine? My Ancestors made the journey, across the pond. My Ancestors came to Canada 5-generations-ago. My family came from England, for sure & Ireland/Scotland (still working on it). They all came to Canada and most worked in the Lumber Industry (from inside of a mill, to logging-outside. They made everything from matches, to t-p, to homes. A great great Uncle died at 18, working on the Ottawa River, detangling log-booms that were sent down river. I can proudly say, "My Great Great Uncle, walked on holy-water". How they first survived the Winters, I always feel sad about? We've certainly toughened-up in North America, haven't we? Staywell, neighbour, (and most-likely ancestor).🙄 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️🇺🇸🇬🇧✨🌎💫

The primary school there is named after him.

@@jesusjohnny8286 Correct, my daughter was a pupil there before going on to Culloden Academy which is just up the road.

Actually that’s not true. In other battles prisoners were taken and there are no records of victorious troops killing all the wounded after the battle. It didn’t happen at Dettingen or Fontenoy which were part of the same wider war. Please don’t make shit up.

Hoho Hoho the only prisoners taken were those they could ransom which were the aristocracy, All others were generally killed. Next you will be telling me they had ambulances and stretcher bearers to take the wounded to hospital . So now stop making shit up you moron, I was talking generally , if I am wrong prove it with references etc instead of insults you moron.

@@MarlboroughBlenheim1 Yes prisoners were taken, mainly for ransom or to ensure their family would not continue to fight.

@@TheScruph No, you claimed “in those days” - in other words generally at the time - wounded and prisoners were routinely killed just like at Culloden. I’ve explained that this wasn’t the case routinely, and that there are no recorded examples of British troops committing in other battles of that era what they did at Culloden - which was a punishment of a lesser race (as they saw it) and rebels.

@@TheScruph Please therefore evidence of another battle of that era where British troops killed prisoners and the wounded.

Sorry, but the Jacobite army was NOT exhausted from the march to Nairn. They had done dozens of longer night marches in their time in England. One of my ancestors was recorded as walking 30 miles a day in the hills after he retired as a deerstalker. Cumberland later wrote that he knew the night march was coming, but did not bother to wake his men as he knew it was going to be sabotaged by his fifth columnists.

@@georgecampbell5281 how do you sabotage a night march? 🤔

@@MrRecrute Read Cumberland's letters.

@@georgecampbell5281, seems to me Cumberland was writing his own history, something victors frequently do.

If they had followed through with the suorise attack they wouldve had a much better chance because of the chaos wld suited their type of figgting better man to man.

LO Aye maybe not for the better, especially the thousands of Gaels who suffered as a result

It transformed the Highland way of life forever to be fair…

@@alexwilliamson1486 No it didn't. We have been fed, not a tissue, but an overwhelming torrent of lies. When I was a young man, my mother wanted to visit my brother at college in Newcastle. My father initially refused. then conceded that, if he went, he would be the first since "the trip to Derby."

@@georgecampbell5281 Why would he refuse a trip to Newcastle? It’s a fine city.

Err, no it did not.

Dynasties and not nationalism were now sides been chosen. Nationalism is a more recent development

Mostly motivated by being ordered to fight by their clan leaders, or there would be repercussions.

@@Dom-fx4kt An appalling system of exploitation.

Rubbish! God, I don't know how people can be so ignorant. Highland soldiers were ten times more professional than their English opponents. That is why scavengers who stripped bodies after a battle found that the corpses were easy to distinguish, because Highland soldiers did not have any lash marks on their backs. One of the harshest critics of Highlanders was Wolfe of Quebec. When he later became a general, he wrote that the Highlanders provided him with the finest corps of officers he had ever known. At the battle of the Plains of Abraham, he chose to fight with the Frasers and died in the arms of one of their sergeants. Of course Highlanders threw down their muskets after firing. Look at the supposed grave sites: there is hardly room there for 2000 mice.

Clive Newton you forgot to mention the european contingent and the fact that the Jacobites had marched through the night in a abborted attack on cumberlands army near Nairn

Not true. Irish say they surrendered, but unlike the othe French troops, nobody authorised it so they were deserters.

It was the Royal Ecossais who covered the retreat…no Wild Geese I’m afraid…they put up a good fight too, afterwards they surrendered to government forces and were then sent back to France.

@@alexwilliamson1486 The Irish Picquets under Lietuenant-Colonel Walter Stapleton held the field as the Jacobite Highland divisions and the half of the Garde Ecossaise that had not surrendered retreated. The Irish took 50 of their 100 casualties in this rear guard action. There is confusion in the sources as to whether this was actually the Garde Ecossais, or Scotish Royal guard, as both were considered part of the Irish contingent at the time but evidence presented in Irish Brigades Abroad by McGarry as well as Culloden Moor 1746 by Reid indicate that the Grade Ecossais were in retreat as the Irish held. And by the way, "Wild Geese" is, in this context, Irish ex-pat divisions serving in the armies of non-Irish or non-British Crown commanders from 1691 with the flight of Patrick Sarsfield's Irish Jacobite Brigades to well into the early 19th century. While the Irish serving under Bonnie Prince Charlie could be interpreted as serving a British monarch, as he was not on the throne and these troops were officially part of the French army, I fell justified in referring to them as Wild Geese.

@@georgecampbell5281 Sources? Because everywhere I have looked has it that the Irish contingent under Stapleton covered the retreat of the Highlanders under orders from the Prince.

@@Gillemear But you still are not naming any sources. Try this for size; name me the person who authorised or instructed the surrender of the Irish Pickets (we know that one of the Drummonds authorised the surrender of the other Frenchmen). Only deserters are not authorised to surrender. Also, why did Keppoch, in his reported last words, refer to "the clan of my own name." instead of "my clan"? The answer involves my family, who passed down, not a lot, but some crucial information. Going back to the Pickets, have you not noticed that of all the Jacobite prisoners, they are the only ones who vanish forever from history within 24 hours of the battle?

Just a shame it was not more accurate to what truly happened.

I want to visit Culloden. It’s on my bucket list. My cousin went pre covid and she said it’s the most haunting battlefield she has ever walked. She felt spirits all around. I cry thinking of the clearances. What an awful sad time for the Highlanders.

It’s important to remember that the Jacobite Uprising was a religious based civil war. The vast majority of Scots supported the Government side and were not Jacobites. Far from the end of Scotland, Scotland flourished. The end of the Jacobite wars allowed the Scottish Enlightenment to step up into top gear and give the World everything from modern economic theory to advances in medicine and engineering that built the modern world.

@@chrisryan3770the end of catholic Scotland is the truth 😊

@Antivaxxer Ccp hater true, I shouldn't have said Jacobites, their goal was to simply put James on the throne; but there were numerous factors that came into play for the different factions and each had different motives. For alot of the Highlanders, they wanted independence

@Antivaxxer Ccp hater Believe me, I'm no victim of silly Celtic nationalist history revisionism that is so rife nowadays.

A bit wrong Cedric, the highlanders/Jacobites main purpose was to restore the Stuart's back to the throne

@Antivaxxer Ccp hater What has Braveheart got to with 18c Scotland??. Religion played a large part in turmoil of the 17c, not quite as simple as u claim, u could say 1689 was the catalyst as the english preferred a german prodestant to a Scottish catholic

Idk where you get you’re information from, 45% of the Jacobite Army at Culloden was from the highlands, the rest were a mix of Scottish lowlanders, French and Irish, there were almost no English if any, probably only a few catholic recruits

Copferhat -- At least you didn't have to pay rent!

@@LaHayeSaint Oh yes you did. The clan chief took what he wanted, when he wanted and you had no say in that. In many ways it was almost a form of slavery

If you are talking about reading John Prebble then you'll know that the internal colonialization of the highland people that proceeded the clan system was just as brutal....

Wrong. The clan system is a family system. Nobody was commanded to join the '45. That was a myth by the humanitarian Lord Loudoun who was trying to pour oil on troubled waters/

A superb read.

As did my Clan MacLaren

A good reminder of why we shouldn't simplify history to suit beliefs or politics. Some fathers put a son on each side of the battle to hedge their bets.

Nationalism didn't exist then as lines were drawn by Dynasties - Nationalism is largely a modern development

It's was Protestants fighting Catholics

@@Meddled Same in the rather badly named English Civil Wars.

A S we cannot let that happen there is a petition everyone can sign let’s all get behind this petition

I have heard that. That is hallowed ground. It should never be disturbed. My 5th Great Grandfather was born in Scotland in 1755.

God, don’t let that happen.

Theres been battles all over this planet. As long as we remember surely we can reuse land! Christ, that'd mean you couldnt build anywhere in United States after all the Natives that were slain there.

@@DimBeam1 yes indeed ms bean

My clan fell that day

mr. meowgi So did mine. Fled on foot for 6 weeks after-got on a boat and went to America.

@@AkChiVibes as did mine after 50 years in exile in ireland

Mine kinda survived but only just..

See "Culloden" (1964) on youtube

Lahayesaint several factors, poor choice of ground, tired&hungry soldiers, poor tactics, against superior better armed forces. A SAD DAY IN SCOTLAND'S HISTORY

Lahayesaint several factors, poor choice of ground, tired&hungry soldiers, poor tactics, against superior better armed forces. A SAD DAY IN SCOTLAND'S HISTORY

They were not "thoroughly " defeated. The entire Jacobite left wing and the Cumberland right wing never engaged. Thus, the Master of Lovat was free to patrol the battlefield , picking up dead and wounded. So many people have swallowed so much crap.

@@georgecampbell5281 George, whether or not part of an army engaged in a battle or not, to all intents and purposes, the Jacobites were defeated. At the end of the battle, they did not control the battlefield. The day belonged to the Duke of Cumberland. Remnants of the Jacobites were retreating, or more precisely, in a rout. Marshal Soulte, near the battlefield in Waterloo 1815, was similarly defeated, even though he had under his command 1/3 of Napoleon's army which did not take part in the battle.

Yes! Most think it was a Scotland V England battle.

Germans, Dutch, Irish and French among the Jacobites, along with four Scottish and an Irish battalion on the other side.

Lorraine Spence There's more to Scotland than outlander sites, trust me you will not be disappointed, where & when you visit MY BONNIE HOMELAND

Neil Anderson Aye, believe me, since the Pandemic began, & before seeing Outlander, I've been studying a bit of Geographical-History. I prefer the wild and woods>people in cities, any day. The true gem of the Earth, is Scotland, in my heart and soul. I'm an "inquisitive wee lass", my grandfather told me. My Ancestors are from across the great pond, and lived and died building Canada, going back 5 generations, (as far as I can tell)? I've an-urge for going I can't explain. I just know I gottta'go. Kenna' know what I'm in for? (; "Scotland" to me, is 'Paradise on Earth'! I've thanked the Lord, for drones. I've always loved the rain. 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️🇬🇧✨🌎💫

btw, I've a Cousin named Bonnie and a Friend Bonny and I have many bonny Friends, too! 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️

@@rinalore WOW!!!..To me all lassies r BONNIE.. Don't believe the urban myth that Scotland is a wet place, just not 'totally' true. Btw I think u mean cannae not kenna?. Wild & Scotland's landscape goes hand in hand, I have walked for days wi not a hoose in sight let alone other folk. Aye i ken am biased but Scotland richly deserves all the plaudits about being a truly stunning beautiful wee country🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿👍. I met two of your countrymen in the Mish on Mull, who thought it great there was a local beach named after Calgary, I pointed it out to them it was the other way round!!. If or when u visit, i cannae recommend Glen Affric highly enough, glorious wild scenery, lochs&mountains, and large remnant of Scotland's Caledonian Pine Forest!!!!!!.😎👍🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

@Neil Anderson I love nothing more than rain, I was named-well. (; I get migraines from the bright sunshine and the brighter snow. I wish to retire, in Scotland. I already have Glen Affric on my bucket-list. I love the smell of pine and cedar too. I hope you get to visit Canada, one day? Each Province is unique. You probably have plenty of kin here, you never know. Staywell Laddie. (: 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️✨🇬🇧✨🌎💫

Bonnie Prince Charles, hid in the shadows and didn't have the balls to shoo-away a mosquito, let alone lead an attack! "Mark my words"! 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️🇬🇧✨🌎💫

@@rinalore He wasn't all that 'Bonnie' either apparently.

Sound a bit like the Scottish soccer team!

Such is the price of treason. Granted the methods were brutal. The brutality of the British govt was caused by the fear that the clans could wage another war unless strong measures were taken.

A fascinating subject in it own right. Having to trust the guy next to you to protect you! I always feel sorry for the man at the end of the line but I am told he usually had a great big bill hook or halberd.

Not true…hardly any Hanoverian influence…these troops were British Army…most were not present.

@@alexwilliamson1486 Wrong.

Clan stuart and mackenzie

And Nigel Hedley, you know that for a fact?. Does not excuse the barbaric slaughter, some burnt alive, of injured Jacobites

@@neilanderson841 ....its a matter of historical record ... one of the conventions of war at the time ...

You are perpetuating a lie as there is no evidence that the Jacobites were told to give no quarter and you lie when you speak of that convention. The Jacobites were generous in affording parole to those they had captured. One of these groups was the Hessians, who refused Cumberland's insistence that they break their oath. Thus, they remained manning castles etc while others went to Culloden

It was death!

I had Ancestors fighting on opposite-sides too, how crazy is that?😂And I'm Canadian! We're probably related too.🙄 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️

Buzz -- In the hands of a good commander, the Jacobites might have been able to pull this one off. Charles Stuart, in contrast, was a cowardly murderer.

@@LaHayeSaint With good commanders and up-to-date equipment they would have been formidable as their descendants were, fighting in the British army throughout the empire and both world wars.

He should have taken the advice of the Clan Chiefs when he landed in Moidart and gone home.

Which side are you on? I believe if the Highlanders won, they would have had justification for anything done, to the British! Rape, torture and slavery, were the way-of the British, be it Man, Woman or Child. 🇨🇦✌🏻❤️🇬🇧✨🌎💫

@@rinalore The Highlanders in comparison were meek mild and gentle. I believe that just the day before they had murdered some English prisoners from a cavalry unit. And of course a Highlander never raped anyone. It is war, everything goes...

thanks!

Lol.

Chris Maurer Did you ignore the intro? Both sides had Scottish forces, this was not a clash of nationality but of support for different Royal Families claiming the throne. Also, more importantly: SCOTS ARE BRITISH. Without Scotland there is no Britain.

Oh fuck off maggot , in America it was British vs British fought by mainly British on both sides . you wouldn't have America as it is if England didn't set up the foundations etc . 1812 America lost , Britain won and Canada became the nation it is today . Now fuck off you twat .

You are of German decent ? You have my Mother's family name .

The battle of Culloden wasn’t Scots vs English, like pretty much every European battle after the 1500s it was Protestant vs Catholic, most of the British army at Culloden was Scottish with now famous Scottish regiments like the Black watch and Gordon highlanders taking part.

Yeah, like the video is so historically accurate.

fuck off ahahah, don't try and guilt trip scots for voting no

The 1964 docu-drama by Peter Watkins is worth watching. There were more Scots fighting against the Jacobites than fighting for them.

@@geoffpoole483 quite so

Clan vs. Clan, Highlanders vs. Central Belt/Southern Uplands of Scotland. English Vs. English... But Nationalists like to twist the facts

Yet he keeps saying “the British”.

@@geoffpoole483 I also used to believe that and the myth of British muskets vs jacobite steel. Both entirely false. It was a very British army for the hanoverians (with Scots included) and the charge of the British dragoons with their swords that finished the jacobites off.

With all my respect, no British against Jacobites…no. English and Scottish Protestants( mostly Lutherans) against Scottish, Irish and English Roman Catholics and Anglicans ( many Northumbrian Catholics joined the Jacobite Flag)… it was a very complex period that began in the previous century…Law of Toleration, Law of Supremacy…etc….King Charles I, Cromwell and the repression…the persecution of Catholics and Anglicans….actually a very hard and complex times.

@@pemacal57 By British, I meant British Army. It is true both armies had English and Scots in their ranks showing that it's not a cut and dry affair.

@@jeffreygao3956 Right!

Who's the us ? Both sides were a mix of Scottish and English. This wasn't a England vs. Scotland battle but a dynastic battle.

There were irish soldiers on both sides

Ryan I bet your ancestors support the Hanovarians, like many Lowlander Presbyterians did.

Ryan, you're absolutely correct. The Irish Piquettes were on the left Jocobite flank. They created a defensive line, allowing the Highland clan soldiers to escape. Approximately 100 men, from a company force of about 150, were killed. Very brave men. The remaining Irish soldiers were treated as POW.

@@Dom-fx4kt As did many Highland clans. Clan Campbell, Clan Ross, Clan Gunn, Clan Sutherland,Clan Mackay,Clan Grant etc.

You mean “Jacobite” tactics…..

I already knew about the bayonet drill now other people will be thankful you educated them and there are many books about culloden that all say different things laddie thanks for your comment though

Wrong video, mate. There were no 'English lines' at Culloden.

Alan Mac there were 2 English regiments on the field at culloden

@@Iseeyou-zn9xi That's immaterial. They were British lines - not English.

Alan Mac regiments from England fighting for the British army yes

Graeme highlander Your patronising opinion that sabre & horse won the battle of Culloden is so far removed from the truth as Pluto!!!!.

Graeme, no you can't because that isn't true!

A Sgjan Dubh to be precise.

@@dewithistle910 sgian dubh*, and no a sgian dubh is a small knife worn on the sock. a dirk is much longer and more dagger sized. definitely not a sgian dubh.

@@owenpalmer5281 👍🏻 Ok, I stand corrected.

@@dewithistle910 no worries 👍