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Econometrics // Lecture 2: "Simple Linear Regression" (SLR) 

KeynesAcademy
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An Introduction to the "Simple Linear Regression" (SLR) in Econometrics. This video covers:
1. A formal introduction to the SLR model
2. The difference between population and estimation models
3. A basic interpretation of the slope and intercept
4. What causality means
5. A more formal visual representation of the simple linear regression
6. Introduction to residuals
7. An outline of how to estimate the slope and intercept and where it originates from
Note: All of this applies to the "Ordinary Least Squares" (OLS) Estimation.
This video is to serve as a basic introduction to the "Simple Linear Regression" model. The video briefly touches on lots of subjects to ensure that the student gains a strong foundation for more in depth analysis to come.
Additional Comments:
If you want to estimate any ui, find the estimates for the intercept and slope and plug them into the ui equation: ui = yi - yi_hat = yi - (beta0_hat) - (beta1_hat)(xi). Additionally, remember that the derivative of y in respect to x represents the change in y as a result of a change in x. Therefore if we have a causal relationship, if x increases by 1, y will increase by Beta_1. This will be shown in depth in a later video.
The next video tutorial on "Ordinary Least Squares" and "Goodness Of Fit": • Econometrics // Lectur...
All video, commentary and music is owned by Keynes Academy.

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19 май 2013

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Комментарии : 137   
@pujyatakarmacharya1441
@pujyatakarmacharya1441 7 лет назад
This was actually very helpful. Definitely better than cramming 20pages from the book to explain one little thing like 'causal effect' Thank youu! :)
@ef7496
@ef7496 9 лет назад
it is a great class, BUT I wish you can include some examples to clear the lecture. Thank you
@mpbiggame1010
@mpbiggame1010 4 года назад
12:25 gee mate, I'm crying too... Thanks for the lecture, and for your sacrifice- was very insightful!
@evansiddique3775
@evansiddique3775 3 года назад
Lmfao
@joebrodenberg3428
@joebrodenberg3428 3 года назад
he didn't cry, he hiccupped
@gracebroome6392
@gracebroome6392 9 лет назад
Thank you for the video. Really wish you continued on with the series. Please upload more in the future.
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Remember that the derivative of y in respect to x represents the change in y as a result of a change in x. Therefore if we have a causal relationship, if x increases by 1, y will increase by Beta_1. This will be shown in depth in a later video.
@grinch061
@grinch061 3 года назад
Why did you stop? Loved it
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Hi Ali, Thank you for the feedback! I will be posting more videos very shortly. If you need help with a specific topic, feel free to comment or message me, and I will post a video as soon as possible. If you are planning on enrolling in an introductory econometrics course at the undergraduate level, I would recommend "Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach" by Wooldridge. Good luck!
@michaelgondwe-oe5gd
@michaelgondwe-oe5gd 2 месяца назад
Continue making more videos , on probit and logit, log linear model, instrumental variables etc
@SpacedFiction
@SpacedFiction 9 лет назад
Thanks for the upload, you did a good job of explaining something that's quite complicated. Cheers.
@dominicbateman895
@dominicbateman895 7 лет назад
Thanks man! Got my first in course exam coming up and this helped so much!
@sonokoful
@sonokoful 5 лет назад
you explain everything so well. I wish you really go in dept in Econometrics!
@chalewwondimu3560
@chalewwondimu3560 8 лет назад
It is an amazing explanation , please keep it on doing such very important works
@nemathassnain8522
@nemathassnain8522 5 лет назад
Very nice presentation. I wish you made more videos on this series. Your voice is very soothing and clear to follow.
@harryburnet
@harryburnet 8 лет назад
Good explanation thanks. Please continue to make these!
@DionneCobb
@DionneCobb Год назад
This explanation was very easy to understand and helpful. Please upload more!
@ParsaAfghan
@ParsaAfghan 7 лет назад
Thanks for the great videos. It helped me refresh my Econometrics. I think if you use some numbers to your examples it would me more intuitive to great number of people who are interested to the topic. Appreciate your time and effort.
@mansinath1751
@mansinath1751 3 года назад
Thank you so much🌼 Please continue with this series sir✨ Really very helpful
@AndresPuelloC
@AndresPuelloC 4 года назад
why did you stop making videos???!!! You explain super good!
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Hi Llamskid, we just posted our next video on OLS and Goodness-Of-Fit. Hope you enjoy! More to come!
@ryangordon3597
@ryangordon3597 7 лет назад
You are amazing man! keep it up
@CC-hj4vq
@CC-hj4vq 8 лет назад
Can you post more videos. Your Channel is saving my life!!! I love it!!
@studyzone131
@studyzone131 4 года назад
Hahaha... how it possible ??
@piedpiper7384
@piedpiper7384 7 лет назад
thank you your explanation is much better than my lecturer. u made it easy to understand
@nirajbhusal9329
@nirajbhusal9329 5 лет назад
Great..Helped me a lot!!!! Keep Posting More Videos
@adenigba
@adenigba 8 лет назад
You are amazing...thumb's up for you.
@capitolare
@capitolare 7 лет назад
A shame that you make only three of them, they was the most useful video for my econometrics exam
@wintaevangeline
@wintaevangeline Год назад
This is so helpful! Thank you so much!
@hamzamames2564
@hamzamames2564 4 года назад
The equation at 9:36 should be : Ÿi = ûi + Yi
@Esenbekk
@Esenbekk 8 лет назад
Please continue to post videos!!!
@ishoeeee
@ishoeeee 9 лет назад
Helped a lot. Thanks !
@bendeg167
@bendeg167 7 месяцев назад
Awesome video !
@PianoByHON
@PianoByHON 6 лет назад
very educational and useful video! You explained more than professor)
@AP7472
@AP7472 10 лет назад
Thanks for the video!
@thomdang6221
@thomdang6221 8 лет назад
Thank you, Sir, Your explanation is very easy to understand. You made complicated things become simple. What a great job!
@InvestinAfrica54
@InvestinAfrica54 3 года назад
great video simple to grasp
@RenaudDenis
@RenaudDenis 10 лет назад
Nice video, thanks!
@doritosforlife
@doritosforlife 9 лет назад
Big help man, thanks
@uditbora4088
@uditbora4088 5 лет назад
Amazing explanation. You should not have stopped making such videos.😞
@mushtaqahmadbhat4700
@mushtaqahmadbhat4700 7 лет назад
informative and helpful .please load some more videos.
@user-xf6mt2ee4j
@user-xf6mt2ee4j 3 месяца назад
really good! thank youuuu
@gabriellegall8278
@gabriellegall8278 7 лет назад
love you !!!
@abdalnaseralqahtani687
@abdalnaseralqahtani687 9 лет назад
a very helpfullllllllll... thanks
@aimanahamed3938
@aimanahamed3938 8 лет назад
thank you it help ed me alot
@kathixxxxx
@kathixxxxx 5 лет назад
you have literally saved my ass! thanksssss so much! greets from Vienna :D
@MrDracula0000
@MrDracula0000 8 лет назад
great lecture more please
@faro99ru
@faro99ru 7 лет назад
It helps a lot
@Knockknock12348
@Knockknock12348 4 года назад
Amazing.
@shikhaalbalushi7310
@shikhaalbalushi7310 3 года назад
You are a life saver♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️
@fizahpgm
@fizahpgm 3 года назад
thank you sososososososo much!!
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Unfortunately, the notation depends on the textbook and a lot of the notations overlap. The "regression sum of squares" (RSS) is the equivalent of the "explained sum of squares" (denoted ESS or SSE). However, be careful because the sum of squared residuals is usually denoted as SSR, but it is sometimes referred to as the RSS (residual sum of squares). Lecture 3 starts to explain what the SSE (explained or regression sum of squares) is -- In short, it is the amount of variation in y_hat.
@nyceric95
@nyceric95 7 лет назад
Wow at 5:00 you explained something that I had copied down as notes but could not figure out what it meant! Goes to show that notes are only half the lesson
@monavi13
@monavi13 4 года назад
Thank you so much
@TheTajwaar
@TheTajwaar 3 года назад
very helpful thanks
@abdulhakimahmed1708
@abdulhakimahmed1708 9 лет назад
IT IS NICE LECTURE
@ruthnwofor7063
@ruthnwofor7063 3 года назад
I definitely need to have a better understanding of the first video before watching this one comfortably
@praveenthakur8965
@praveenthakur8965 10 лет назад
niceeee video sir..thxxxx
@PedroSantos-nm2ev
@PedroSantos-nm2ev 3 года назад
Question about β 1 hat and βº hat, the last formula introduced show you should use some cov, var and mean. I know you can have those related to the sample and/or the total population . Which one should be used ?
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Additionally, if you want to estimate any ui, find the estimates for the intercept and slope and plug them into the ui equation: ui = yi - yi_hat = yi - (beta0_hat) - (beta1_hat)(xi).
@KeynesAcademy
@KeynesAcademy 11 лет назад
Hey, this is Chris from Keynes Academy! Have you enrolled in an econometrics class? Join your classmates and stay ahead of the curve by subscribing! All questions and feedback are welcome -- Please comment, message or e-mail us your thoughts!
@rezwankhan941
@rezwankhan941 8 лет назад
Please post more videos
@user-wu4qm5vi8m
@user-wu4qm5vi8m 6 лет назад
thanks a lot
@robertmazurowski5974
@robertmazurowski5974 8 лет назад
12.24 - 30 The mean value of y (Laughing) has anyone noticed that?
@nurkardinamassijaya2107
@nurkardinamassijaya2107 7 лет назад
Yes I recognized that lol
@Usas12fann
@Usas12fann 6 лет назад
Laughing about the magical simplicity after 12 steps of derivation I guess haha.
@pornesianparapio4935
@pornesianparapio4935 8 лет назад
please make more!!!
@gitapadma2617
@gitapadma2617 2 года назад
very helpful esp for me, which the beginner to learn econometrics, i have one question regarding to “error term” so when we applied this formula, we just have known what the error term is? or i mean thet the error term is decided by us or not? i just still confuse about the error term..
@sarvaryuldashov4961
@sarvaryuldashov4961 5 лет назад
Hello, beforehand thanks for yor explanations but how can we find "beta one bar" could you show the calculations of this?-- thanks beforehand!
@nakedking6676
@nakedking6676 7 лет назад
Hello I have a question. I want numbers and analysis in my working life. Does choosing economics and business economics, rather than econometrics and operational research for undergraduate study, affect the carreer paths I will have? The thing I am trying to ask is can one do the other's work without that much additional work? I would be very if you could help me.
@nurkardinamassijaya2107
@nurkardinamassijaya2107 7 лет назад
Hi your videos are very helpful but what is covariance and variance because I watched your first video and nothing explains that. Thanks!
@abmalikrashid
@abmalikrashid 6 лет назад
13:19 wow that car just goes Zoooorrrm
@christopherbale9916
@christopherbale9916 11 лет назад
SSR is the sum of squared residuals. I understand what this is, the distance between the data point and the best fitting line squared. In my course RSS is the regression sum of squares and I don't quite understand what that is.
@michelesliwa7299
@michelesliwa7299 2 года назад
i think you forgot the link to video 1 in the corner. video 1 was great!
@zanareyahsalim5572
@zanareyahsalim5572 10 лет назад
Hai Chris, in this video , you have mentioned about the causal relationship.You were saying that 'we cant assume that there is a causal relationship between wage and education. can you help me to explain in more details on that..? i kinda didnt get what you have said.must we assume?? pls help..:(
@StephanieHughesDesign
@StephanieHughesDesign 3 месяца назад
Are there assigned textbooks and materials for this course? E.g., De La Fuente, Wooldridge, etc.?
@harley4640
@harley4640 9 лет назад
Based on your explanation on the graph, U^=Y^i - Yi not Yi-Y^i @ 9:50
@margaritaosadcha7031
@margaritaosadcha7031 9 лет назад
HL Lee yes, I am was also confused about that. So its Y^i - Yi then? is that right?
@littlebanana7372
@littlebanana7372 9 лет назад
HL Lee i guess because over the line are positive areas.. and contrastly...
@ashy99591
@ashy99591 7 лет назад
negative error term. he meant
@dharnie9861
@dharnie9861 3 года назад
Interesting
@kodhainachi6793
@kodhainachi6793 7 месяцев назад
Why did you stop making the video lecturers ?
@rydstedt94
@rydstedt94 7 лет назад
I can't seem to understand this equation "ui = yi - yi_hat = yi - (beta0_hat) - (beta1_hat)(xi)" If you look at the line drawn up the yi_hat have a longer distance to the regression line than yi. So, in my head, to calculate the ui you should turn that equation over like "yi_hat - yi"?
@aaaaa8744
@aaaaa8744 7 лет назад
I agree
@ziauddinsiddiqui7769
@ziauddinsiddiqui7769 4 года назад
Shouldn’t the equation be: ûi = Ŷi - Yi
@starostadavid
@starostadavid 4 года назад
Nah, measured data got to be the core value. It doesn´t matter if u get a negative value, because you sqare it anyways.
@LegionFan
@LegionFan 3 года назад
@@starostadavid to me it also seemed that having Yi first allows you to see if the actual data point is below (negative) or above (positive) the linear regression estimation.
@alhanoufalarjani361
@alhanoufalarjani361 7 лет назад
Thanksssssssss
@ce-lz5jw
@ce-lz5jw Год назад
Bro wtf this is great
@hounamao7140
@hounamao7140 7 лет назад
oh my god I kept screaming Eureka in my head, everything is so clear when he explains it
@bl0odwr4th
@bl0odwr4th 7 лет назад
Just wondering regarding the Y estimator equation. Y hat= B1 hat + b2 hat Xi + U hat Y hat should be changed to Y or keep Y hat and remove U hat? Since the estimator of Y refers to the fitted line rather than sample distribution
@stijnlijnsvelt5166
@stijnlijnsvelt5166 3 года назад
Did you find out the answer? I was asking myself the same thing.
@danilobucker
@danilobucker 10 лет назад
I don't understand the "betas" zero and one about covariance and variance.
@alieverbol
@alieverbol 5 лет назад
beta zero is intercept and beta one is a slope
@samutreasure3261
@samutreasure3261 Год назад
can you use B1 instead of B0
@jahangirali9631
@jahangirali9631 10 лет назад
thumbs up
@chulangjj
@chulangjj 10 лет назад
Bata 0 is when the value is 0 or where the line inter the y when x =0
@rhodamurwa9593
@rhodamurwa9593 3 года назад
How do I get the quiz for practice?
@Adenan2023
@Adenan2023 10 лет назад
I think his formula is correct..I checked my notes and have similar notation Yi-YiHat
@anonymous.dholme1981
@anonymous.dholme1981 9 месяцев назад
Hi! I think you made a mistake or my understanding is wrong. If you still active, please explain it. :) In the ui hat = yi - yi hat, should it be ui hat = yi - yi hat? Your equation will make the yi hat = yi - ui hat, which is not suppose to be this way.
@asmelashabriham3173
@asmelashabriham3173 5 лет назад
good lecture. but you need to add some clarification using while you use formula.
@june980612
@june980612 3 года назад
I'm sorry but can anybody tell me what is the meaning of using HAT? what's the difference?
@NavHDpoop
@NavHDpoop 9 лет назад
at 9.30 surely you mean Ui(hat) is equal to Yi(hat) subtract Yi? not Yi subtract Yi(hat)
@BIGBEAUTIFUL22
@BIGBEAUTIFUL22 9 лет назад
NavHDpoop i was wondering about that as well
@SpacedFiction
@SpacedFiction 9 лет назад
I know you haven't uploaded in a while but please put up a 4 minute long loop of the music at the end. I really want it on my mp3 player. Cheers.
@anajesuslopezmenendez6352
@anajesuslopezmenendez6352 10 лет назад
Hi! I think that these videos are very helpful. Regarding the simple regression model I think there is a mistake in the first expression of ^Y, which should be ^Y=^Beta_0+^Beta_1 X instead of ^Y=^Beta_0+^Beta_1 X+û. However, the expression is correct when it is derived from the graphical representation.
@xorenpetrosyan2879
@xorenpetrosyan2879 9 лет назад
no it shoulden't,
@MrWideVariety
@MrWideVariety 5 лет назад
get back on your grind and post more videos
@owndRetro
@owndRetro 7 лет назад
lol the amount of notation you see from one school to the next, let alone by my own school. Each year i need to learn new notations to replace previous ones
@alifetouni3059
@alifetouni3059 11 лет назад
Hey, mr Keynes! I really enjoy your videos! Will you be posting new ones during this summer? I'm thinking of enrolling for an econometrics course during the fall. Could you recommend any good literature? Many thanks in advance! //Ali
@PedroOliveira-cy9ww
@PedroOliveira-cy9ww 4 года назад
Where's the quizz??
@stijnlijnsvelt5166
@stijnlijnsvelt5166 3 года назад
If Y^ = B0 + B1*X +U^, then why do you need to remove U^ to get Y?
@stijnlijnsvelt5166
@stijnlijnsvelt5166 3 года назад
first this equation is said and then to get Y^ we have to do -U^. That does not make any sense to me. Could someone explain?
@daylancato-meyer6169
@daylancato-meyer6169 6 лет назад
Great video except for the end. Next time tell who ever is “bothering” to wait until your finished making the video as the people supporting your channel deserve integrity of the content being provided. Thanks.
@gillyp
@gillyp 3 года назад
Regression sum of the squares and sum of squared residuals are not the same thing
@BIGBEAUTIFUL22
@BIGBEAUTIFUL22 9 лет назад
Can you pleaseee reply to the question about your subtraction of Yi hat from Yi
@taijaskumar5331
@taijaskumar5331 9 лет назад
BIGBEAUTIFUL22 All residuals below the line are -ve and all residuals above the line are +ve. therefore, below the line --> Ui(hat) = - ( -Yi + Yi(hat)) = Yi - Yi(hat) or it could be , - Ui(hat) = -Yi + Yi(hat) Hope that helps. Cheers
@NWASnm
@NWASnm 2 года назад
how is. Ui hat = Yi - Yi hat if , Ui hat + Yi = Yi hat
@waheedsaeed5978
@waheedsaeed5978 5 лет назад
Shouldn't it be Y^ - Y instead of Y - Y^ because U^ + Y = Y^