Thanks a lot fot this content. I'm tired of seeing half naked 20 year old guys with sixpacks and tattoos telling you about them expirience in nutrition. I prefer information wich is based on studies made by someone who understands facts and spends a huge time of his live on studying it. This king of knowledge is nowdays difficult to find between multi-milion viewers nonsense chanels. Keep doing what You do.
Top stuff. Thanks for taking the time and effort to make these videos. It's a shame people disagreeing with you feel the need to be so brash, because there could be some great discussion. YT comments section clearly isn't the place for that!
Good video. No mention of ketogenic diets for endurance athletes as advocated by Jeff Volek and Tim Noakes, both of whom conducted research on the effect of low carbohydrate diets on endurance performance on marathoners. What does the scientific literature say about endurance athletes choosing a high carbohydrate diet over a low carbohydrate diet? The recommendation to eat 6 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of bodyweight is actually extremely vague. Eating 300 grams of carbohydrates worth of bagels is not the same thing as adding 300 grams carbohydrates worth of glucose in water. And what about the problem of fructose malabsorption and insulin resistance? Fructose is a carbohydrate that is metabolized by the liver instead of the muscles so at face value it seems like a bad idea to eat any carbohydrate rich food that contains fructose or sucrose (which is broken down into equal parts glucose and fructose). Are you going to do a follow up video on the quality of carbohydrates needed for endurance performance and how different carbohydrates lead to different outcomes? I also think it would really helped clarify things about glycogen storage in the liver and muscles. Can glycogen stores actually be increased and how does that happen? If endurance athletes develop more intramuscular triglycerides doesn't that mean that in the process of doing so there is no increase in the maximum amount of glycogen their bodies can store in their muscles and liver? Is there a limit to glycogen storage in the human body? And what about micronutrients? I don't understand why both in the nutrition space and the exercise space on RU-vid no one ever discusses the micronutrient needs of endurance athletes? E.g. do endurance athletes need more iron and calcium in their diets than people engaging moderate amounts of exercise or no exercise at all? There is also the fact that carbohydrates come with anti-nutrients such as oxalates, dietary fiber etc. Wouldn't it make more sense to drink water filled with glucose and salt than to eat carbohydrate rich foods in order to avoid consuming anti-nutrients and making one insulin resistance, which would lead to fat gain overtime (maybe a decade) and an overall worse athletic performance (unless you are genetically different).
These are the types of discussions that I actively encourage because they are: 1) interesting, 2) look 'deeper' into the current conversation, and 3) show a high level of critical thinking and open-mindedness. Discussing the evidence-base on low-carb high-fat diets has been on my mind for some time now so I hope to address that once I've done this mini-review series. Tim Noakes as you say is a big advocate, and I have read his 'Lore of Nutrition'. The evidence-base on this has also expanded rapidly in the last few years which is also useful. Indeed the type of CHO ingested is important, and I plan to follow-up in subsequent videos discussing this in more detail. The same goes for micronutrients (as you say, important but often overlooked), I will also be reviewing the most up to date ISSN standpoints on these too. The anti-nutrients and insulin resistance points are interesting, I will take look over the current evidence-base on these when I get some time. I appreciate the time you've taken to comment and will try to address these points in future videos.
Since brain consumes most calories how would you adjust this recommendation if at all for mental work, assuming person is in good shape and exercises daily
Hi. Some comments below point out that the science is beginning to change. That is completely correct. I appreciate the video expounds one common position, but good endurance athletes burn more fat. Changing your metabolic energy source means a lower carb intake and lower insulin levels. If anybody is interested have a look at the lectures ‘low carb Denver’ or ‘low carb down under’. There is an ongoing debate about which is critical; fructose metabolism (present in refined sugar) vs total carbs so the message is not fully clarified. It is good science and I personally (as a physician) would no longer advocate high carb intakes for amateur athletes. It is completely contrary to the last few decades of nutritional advice but is driven by physicians, physiologists and metabolomics. It has been studied as we try to explain the physiology of ‘metabolic syndrome’ in the sick.
For long distance, a training goal should also be to train your fat burning system and thus, it is beneficial to go into long training runs already slightly carb depleted (eg long run in the morning without breakfast). This has the effect of pushing you closer to the wall ie total carb depletion (but not over it obviously) with the same amount of time and effort than you would get if you went into the run fully carbed up. The net effect of this is that your fat burning system is forced to become more efficient over time and will thus take some of the load of the finite carb supply during races, allowing you to run faster and farther on the same carb load as your fat system is providing a higher percentage of your energy needs. Obviously in a race you would go in carbed up and take gels mid race. The carb depletion rationale should only be used during training.
Carb loading regimes vary depending on time/protocol. The classical carb loading model of 1 week includes a depletive phase for several days (low carb diet and exhaustive exercise bout) followed by a subsequent carb loading phase (high carb diet and tapered activity). This will bring about a phenomenon called glycogen storage super-compensation and maximise muscle glycogen levels for the event and is unlikely to alter fat stores (if not exceeding carbohydrates of ~400-700g a day in loading phase. But quantity requirements will be variable depending on individual). Hope that helps. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-ckRz3aloI3g.html
Re my comment below. Carb loading is fine but I am wary of high carb reliance during training programs. Although the science is still unfolding. Interestingly we have seen elite athletes get diabetes whilst training (eg Steve Redgrave rower) possibly as a result of a massive calorie requirements plugged by carbs. Very unphysiological.
Very few serious endurance athletes are deficient in carbs. Just take a look at all the port-a-potties at your next marathon. There are many endurance athletes who are eating a protein deficient diet.
Hey, thanks for your superb content, well structured and relatively easy to grasp. Would in the near future consider making comparable videos on strength training as well? Also possibly on how those factors (strenght, endurence etc) play together and how to keep them balanced when aiming for the goal of being a more general athlete. One last suggestion would be something rather concerned with video quality in general, i think that you should consider turning down the volume of the (otherwise very pleasant) music in the background by some degrees, as it makes for some weird kind of distraction by sort of fiddling with your voice, at least to my mind. maybe it could also help to choose a more neutral and minimal background sound. Thanks for all your efforts!
Look up zach bitter man, you shouldn't be this narrow minded.... He trains very quite limited carbs 1-2-3 g /day as an ultra athlate, as a veeeery successful ultra runner, world record holder. Science is moving fast, and dont fall for the carb lobby 🙈 as an endurance athlete you HAVE TO improve your fat metabolism, which is difficult if you always eat 500-800-1000 g / carb a day.
I suggest you read some of the latest reviews of the scientific evidence behind ketogenic diets and endurance performance. I'm going to be reviewing the evidence on ketogenic diets for endurance performance in a future video. This video is dedicated to discussing the review papers topics individually and indeed, ketogenic diets will be explored in great detail. Murphy, N.E., Carrigan, C.T. and Margolis, L.M., 2020. High-fat ketogenic diets and physical performance: A systematic review. Advances in Nutrition. Bailey, C.P. and Hennessy, E., 2020. A review of the ketogenic diet for endurance athletes: performance enhancer or placebo effect?. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1), pp.1-11. Harvey, K.L., Holcomb, L.E. and Kolwicz, S.C., 2019. Ketogenic diets and exercise performance. Nutrients, 11(10), p.2296.
Not all “endurance” sports are created equal. Zach trains long distances at a very low heart rate. Burning fat works great for that type of training. Fat won’t cut it as the heart rate gets higher. Zach eats carbs during actual races.
@@CJL36 Yeah anything more than Zone 2 where you start going anaerobic bursts needs faster ATP generation, this means carbs. If you wanna perform optimally this is always required. Hence why even the few keto athletes actually eat carb to keep up as well in races. TDF cyclists need a ton of carbs for instance, the effort needed for those long distance but high intensity races will deplete your glycogen quickly and will hit a wall / bonk if you try keeping the race pace in low carbs.
