Exotic D - Passive Margin 

I wanted the whole box of rocks, gosh I am loving your presentations professor, I am so grateful to be able to learn this. My ability to retain it will be the exuberance of your teaching. your the best teacher i have ever seen in my 77 years.

Palaeomagnetism is great. Thanks Nick.

Excellent explanation and just love your style of communication. Fossils are abundant ....The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At 508 million years old, it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints. Thanks.

My favourite terrane (the Meguma) is made up of quartzite and shales from a passive rift off the coast of Gondwana which eventually got smeared onto North America during the formation of Pangaea. At present it is again a passive margin creating new quartzite and shales off the coast of Nova Scotia. Full circle.

*NED EXOTIC* explains wheelbarrows and opens a gift box of rocks. The rocks are gorgeous!

Prof Nick. Thank you for another lesson in my pursuit of life long learning, smiles here !

Beautiful cat. I teach from home by sitting at my computer. My cat George (a Maine Coon), hops in my lap and endears himself to the students. He helps keep them interested.

Hi Nick, we went to see the glacial erratic at the 'erratic rock state natural site' near McMinnville which is near where we live today. It is Montana Argillite! We came back home and watched this episode. We were blown away to learn that this could be a part of the belt supergroup that came to our neighborhood! Thank you for these wonderful live streams.

The serpentinite sample looks like jade in your video. I'm aware of people looking/mining for that in Washington despite the fact it isn't the jade that comes from Asia commanding big bucks for jewelry making. This is a wonderful series, thank you so much

Great show, thank you Nick & Sharon. Thanks too for recommending Christopher Scotese's channel, I think I'm going to spend quite a bit of time watching those continents dance.

Nick: This is near Bozeman MT. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_Hills This areas is on the margin of the Little Belts leading into the Bridgers (Little Belts being part of the Belt supergroup. What this article doesn't mention, and should, is there is public land in the Horseshoes that is a rich bed of fossil trilobites, and it's well known among the rock hunting aficionados and well as the geology department at MSU in Bozeman. The article also mention prairie rattlers, and I did have a close encounter with one at the fossil dig with the local rock club in Bozeman when I was a teenager. I was one of lots of people looking for fossils there, and heard a commotion behind me, and what sounded like whacking. One of the leaders of the rock club, when I looked around, was chopping the head off a rattler that was about 2 feet from my rear end. Trust me; I never want to be that close to a snake with a buzzer again LOL. Unless there's a huge hunk of Detroit steel between it and me. Alas, when we moved to CA at the end of 1965, my mom left her extensive rock and fossil collections behind. Kinda hard to haul them to San Francisco over Christmas holidays through a blizzard on Donner Pass.

Thank you, Nick, for another great class, for sharing Sharon's input, and for the maps (I love maps)! And, thank you, Sharon, for your fantastic contribution to this series... what stellar work you've done!!! The email regarding Sr gave me a clear understanding of the relevance and importance of that boundary line. And I loved the beautiful rocks!

I love the features in the Grinnell brown mudstones, very thin laminations, ripple marks, and raindrop impressions that were preserved because there were no marine animals to destroy them by burrowing through the mud. Don’t go to Precambrian Montana in your time machine, unless you take your own oxygen supply. 5,000 feet of Paleozoic rocks in the Grand Canyon sounds like a lot, until you get to the 20,000 feet in Western Nevada and Eastern California.

Nick I am loving this series of lessons on our exotic terraces. It's nice to see you learning new stuff with us. I am proud of you expanding your knowledge of geology too. I can stop wanting to keep learning myself.

Wow, Thank you Sharon for the box of rocks from NE WA.

God bless you and your family this Holy Week and always

Great box of rocks! Thanks to Sharon

Best yet. Cannot wait for next for next summer`s 52 episode series on 4.6 Billion Years of World Geology. I can help on the 13 episodes based on the UK!!!!

Time Stamps: - 00:00 Hellos and Thank Yous - 18:43 Lecture Start - 20:30 Passive Margin - 27:57 Passive Margin Sedimentary Layers - 32:33 Rocks of the Oldest Part of the Craton - 33:48 Strontium .706 Line - 37:21 Supercontinent Columbia - 41:06 Belt Supergroup - 50:27 Rifting 750 million years ago - 01:05:56 Passive Margin Rocks in Washington - 01:09:58 Sharon's Box of Rocks - 01:11:41 Addy Quartzite - 01:19:23 Metaline Fm Trilobite - 01:21:06 Magnesite Ore - 01:22:36 Dolomitic Marble - 01:23:14 Serpentinite and Greenstone - 01:27:26 Scotese Animation - Breakup of Rodinia - 01:30:49 Q&A - 01:39:39 Toast and Goodbye

Heard East Africa is rapidly rifting now... True? Love the geology stories. We need humbling and perspective to protect what we have for the future... The NA Rift... and East Coast Sharon and Spokane Sharon contributions. Spokane Sharon sure added to the fun with her informed treasure hunt, making it "real" in reel time, thx Sharon from Spokane!! More plz! Hope we get to meet her soon Nick, when you take her up on her invitation to visit the NE WA corner! Nick! Save your eyes from retina burns (my hubbie got one once same way) and stay in shadows and get a ring light $99.00 on Amazon... Thx from the 48 Lat FH WA

The light bulb went on. Knew about the continental shelf having growing up in New England. Never gave much thought as to why shelf is not so large on west coast. Yay for sudden insight! Thank you Nick.

Thank you Sharon so much for the rocks and the information on your are.

Nick 2 thumbs up! More great stuff on a Sunday morning! Until next time.

Beautiful Rocks, Sharon!

Great session Nick, it’s always amazing to realise that the places we live are so transformational. Makes you wonder why we fight over man made territory when the earth has no recognition of our fleeting, trivial borders. I do wonder how the geology we live on dictates where and why we live there. I believe geology dictates our lives more than we realise. Thanks and best wishes, cal ;-)x

I even remember Howard A and A. A. Meyerhoff and the geosynclinal triggering of orogenic belts theory.. And we were all young dedicated plate tectonic plate believers at the time.

Thank you yet again from Hereford in England, Nick. Catching up after driving ancient mother to ancient castle (Weobley). And bringing her back to serve dinner. Perfect again, really appreciate your efforts and time? Cheers from Jane.

Thank you Nick!

Thank you Nick! We're enjoying these exotic terrane lessons even though we haven't been able to catch them live lately. Also Force says "HI BIJOU!!" from our new home in southern Oregon. So many muffler boys on our new street...😅

You make complex so easy. Repeating. Clear graphics. Enthusiasm. Thank you!

The Scotese breakup of Rodinia animation was a fantastic visual to today's topic.

watching this replay at 1pm in Los Angeles, just cant wake up at 9am on a weekend after being up to 2am the previous night.

Excellent presentation. Here's to you!

👍👍👍⭐️⭐️⭐️ Great program ... and loving the rock samples - thanks Sharon! Thanks Nick!

If you use a Samsung cell phone there is a function of "World Clock" on the timer on the clock app. It helps me what time to set the timer and not miss Nicks class. All of Washington is in the same time zone.

The mountain building episode will be very interesting. Given their place relative to the passive margin, the Rockies in Canada are quite different from the Rockies in the States, I suspect.

Oh, boy, I'm glad I caught up with this episode...all of it in my backyard north of John Stockton's house and west of Addy, WA! Far out! Thank you, Nick! I loved this one!

Dang !! I missed it. Engrossed in being 'Creative' , at least that's one way of describing it ... Oh well. Something good to watch over dinner ... Be safe Nick et al

Dangerous back yard field trip, swallowing bugs. What did it taste like? lol We love you too.

FUN FACT: The Belt Supergroup get's it's name from the exposure in the Belt Mountains. The Belt Mountains get their name from Belt Butte. The belt on Belt Butte is NOT Precambrian but rather Cretaceous ADDITIONAL: The closest mountains to Belt Butte are not the Belt Mountains, but rather the Highwoods, which is a volcanic the right age to be a Challis group

Crushing is different than pressure. To me crushing denotes rough pieces, but pressure resembles something squished or pushed down with some force.

i love your school bus enalligy .

cheers to no more smoke from Washington

I can't imagine how anyone would give 6 thumb's down. That's incredible!

Great lecture.

Thank you for information

Started watching, then left in the middle for lunch with grand daughter in from Korea, stationed there with AF. Looks like sunshine is a problem, mic in replay was fine to me in Illinois. Bought a Roadside Geology for Missouri, they at least have rocks. If I was a farmer, Illinois would be great, but not to see rock formations, ha! Lots of rocks in southern Illinois to see, but haven't been there for two years, they have a winery every 1/4 mile, that's why I only made 20 miles per day, lol Barely remember the rocks! LoL

Just after the drawing showing the thinning layers of river sediment I lost my connection to the live stream. I live in Fort Worth Texas. So I am watching the replay at 1.25 x.

I'm from Tidewater, Virginia (Hampton, on the East Coast) and I'm not offended. However, I must confess that over the last two years of Nick's lectures I have experienced some genuine geologic envy. You should see what we call mountains over here. :)

ermergawd...tanx.

Sound has been great!

You flipped (but not off) Australia and Antarctica on Scotese's reconstruction.

DO HOT SPOTS MOVE? Great class, Professsor!

Books & etc. mentioned or shown in the video: Our “textbook” Marli Miller & Darrel S. Cowan Roadside Geology of Washington, 2nd Ed, Mountain Press, 2017 Donald W. Hyndman & Robert C. Thomas, Roadside Geology of Montana, 2nd Ed, Mountain Press, 2020. Philip B. King, The Evolution of North America, revised Ed., Princeton Press, 1977. Geologic Map of Washington State, 2005, Eric Schuster, Washington Dept. of Natural Resources, available as pdf at ngmdb.usgs.gov Geologic Map GM-32, Geologic Map of the Marcus and Kettle Falls Quadrangles, Stevens and Perry County, Washington, 1985, by J. W. Mills, Dept. of Natural Resources, available as a pdf at dnr.wa.gov Oklulitch, Vladimir j., A Lower Cambrian Fossil Locality Near Addy, Washington, Journal of Paleontology, (1951) 25(3): 405-407 Lindsey, Kevin A., Gaylord, David R., & Groffman, Louis H., Geology of the Upper Proterozoic to Lower Cambrian Three Sisters Formation Gypsy Quartzite and Addy Quartzite, Stevens and Pend Oreille Countiea, North Eastern Washington. Washington Division of Geologic and Earth Resources Report of Investigations 30, 1990 pdf at dnr.wa.gov

Coming in late from Irivine, CA

Must be TTT (Time Travelling Trilobites)!!!

Ned Zinger is a brilliant educator!

I'M NOT SURE WHAT ALL THE RIFT IS ABOUT, BUT IT SEEMS SEDIMENTARY TO ME.

Thanks, Nick! Been trying to get caught up to your current presentations for a few months now. Decided to start at the beginning and glad I did. I love your teaching style and humbleness concerning something as complex and beautiful as Earth's geologic past and present. P.S. I'm from Alabama. I just want to say that our geology is NOT boring! LOL! We just went through what the NW went through a LOT earlier and several times! But, now, I at least understand how it came to be this way thanks to you! Love and respect! i.pinimg.com/originals/32/3b/cd/323bcde747f48b918620a7960ccb8762.jpg

Learned very much from today's lecture....viewed in 2022. As to the rift... slow movement over molten magmas?

almost got here, trying to change night-owl hours, so i will have early mornings... ...am enjoying this now. though, :) ....

"The Sun just changed its position" 15° an hour, 4° a minute just like it does every day. 😁

Good.

Wheel barrowing is coast erosion

Nick - I had no idea who John Stockton was until I just Googled him. The only sport I am into is Formula 1 racing where each car costs around $10,000,000.

I very much appreciate that your channel is not full of advertising. I would love to donate to your channel to help you. How do I do that? I'll keep looking around to see if I can figure it out. 😊

Nick, thanks for all of your sessions. I'm trying to piece some things together. Session D described the passive margin/Belt Supergroup from the rifting or Rodinia 750 Ma. So when Rodinia split, I assume that an oceanic crust was formed under the newly formed ocean and its composition was basalt. Could this be the source rock for the basalt lavas of the CRBs? The locations seem to line up.

Nick, You bring up hypotheses with your answers. One of mine is, since nature is chaos seeking order, the passive margins are also not in a continuous line. There was folding, extensions and rafting which distorted the Craton edges during the active periods. Therefore, there must be a lot of this evidence buried or in “unlikely places” but perhaps undetectable with our current technology. The rafted/rifted craton edges of continents may turn out to be some of the Terrane basements.🤔

wow, thank you nick, for reading SHARON'S email on the strontium 706 line-- I tired to find links on that. as to how you are showing it used here, but coud not find anything helpful... thank you! so much!!!

BIJOU!!!!!!!!!

Is the belt related to the Big Belts, and the Little Belt mountains in MT?

Wikipedia reference to Phillip King - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Burke_King USGS geological map King and Biekman 1974 - digital version - mrdata.usgs.gov/geology/us/map-us.html#place-picker

That is the best fruit cake you will ever eat. Famous even back in my childhood.

You don't know but the Earth's surface seems to me to be like a Lava Lamp, Dated!

No nicking off to the loo now, we don’t need Nick on the John

That's pretty funny that Sharon is assigning scientific papers for the professor to read. :)

Can you talk a bit about sailing rocks. Especially if you don't throw them. Minneapolis

That magnecite looks rich in Iron oxide. Could that be the reason for its name and the added density?

The 1951 paper can be read online with a Google account

I just used Google Earth to fly over and look at the volcanoes on the active edge of Africa. Thanks for the insight.

Today, he's eating insects! hopefully, he's fine!

I realize your focus is on the PNW, but I would love to learn more about the terranes of the eastern and southern NA continent. Are there any good resources on that topic?

!!!WARNING!!! !!!COMPLEX NEWBIE QUESTIONS!!! (LOL...since I never catch you live): Basin-Range faulting occurs from the border of Cali to the middle of Utah, West to East, and, at least, 500 miles, North to South. Almost, literally, a 50-50 split across the .706 line. Is the SW part of the NA Craton and Western 'exotic' basement spreading apart, now, along with the clockwise rotation to create this effect or is it merely a surface phenomenon? My thought is that this may be indicative of a deeper tectonic process that occurs during the larger cratonic movements. The , current, active, Western, margin is volatile and with the rotation, it seems that the continents are not just moving as solid blocks, rather, they may be shearing and rotating continuously within themselves. I also imagine that this could explain the Northern curvature of the Snake River Canyon as well as the 25 mile wide 'Yellowstone hot spot' caldera just North-East of Crater Lake, Oregon. Using Google Earth Pro, I just zoomed out and considered the PNW clockwise rotation as a whole. The 'rotation' of the continent may not be a, localized, PNW event. I see the entire continental 'plate' shearing under the rotation all the way from BC to Baja (Haha!). Since your career began with the Basin-Ridge phenomenon, I figure you are best suited to figure this out.

WOULD THERE BE ANY CONNECTION BETWEEN THE POSITION OF PANGEA AND THE SOUTH AMERICAN MAGNETIC ANOMALY?

From prev videos I believe some wise person put the Physics dept in the same building as yours. Can I suggest you get one of the Physics Professors to explain the physics of hot bodies like the Earth and you will then know why rifting happens.

Was that "Nick on the Fly" at 1:33?

There seems to be a lot of volcanic activity in N Africa - do we know how 'linked' this might be to Columbia breakup? Or does it pre-date this?

as the rify in the basin between passive margins? bottom dropped out?

@oscar medina what sort of machine do you have?

TV Guide synopsis

Is the atlantic basin a graben?

Isn't this exact process happening with the Afar Depression...

erosion is present in active and passive margins?

passive margarine?

The sunshine state of Southern California

Hey Nick, I don't know if you have seen this video or not but it's from BC Geologists and they touch on the whole Australia and Antartica docked off the west coast but they show it as a 3-way junction between NA, AUS and Antarctica as well as discussing BC's own 'Belt Supergroup'. It's an old video but I found it pertinent to the discussion. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-jG0w6BgLWUE.html What's your thoughts on a possible 3 way junction between them?

Greenstone ----> age date?

Hi Nick, I am a guy born in Chewelah WA in 1939 I lived in Chewelah until 1957. I was very interested in your series videos. I think I have watched most of them this last summer of 2020. Thank you for the effort you put into this endever. Quartzite mountin was a big part of my youth, it would be of great interest to me if you could explain it’s formation. My dad worked for th magnesite mining co. I would like to know the source of this mineral? The rock was crushed locally and used to pave a great many local back roads in the bright white rock. I think you need to study this area and it’s great rocks. My great great grand father homestead in this area in1896 to mine for gold and silver the tailing piles dot th woods around Chewelah in all directions. I told some of my cousins last year that quarsite mt. Came from Africa and that the magnesite was a ocean deposited,, your Nick from home # 79 makes me think that the ocean idea was wrong?? Can you help me with these ideas?? Thanks again for your efforts David Salsman 425-337-1651 D.salsman@kendra.com

See this short video ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-_f_Hcyfv5rU.html which shows some evidence from Tasmania of the Precambrian world that Nick is talking about.

ned zinger