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Food: Surprisingly Connected Etymologies 

Alliterative
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Some sets of connected word origins featuring food.
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Transcript:
Today in “Surprisingly Connected Etymologies”, a cornucopia of food-related etymologies!
If you’re ecologically minded, you’ll likely avoid wearing fur and avoid meat products in your food because of all the pasture land it takes to farm animals. Fur comes from Old French forrer “to cover or line with fur” from Proto-Germanic fodram “sheath”, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pa- “protect, feed” (with PIE /p/ becoming Germanic /f/ due to the Grimm’s Law sound change). This root also leads to Proto-Germanic *fod- “food”, Old English foda “food”, and Modern English food. What’s more this root also gives us the word pasture through Old French from Latin pascere “to feed, graze”.
The words canopy and canapé sort of look and sound alike, but what’s the connection? Mosquitoes! Etymologically canopy means mosquito net, coming from Greek konopeion derived from konops “mosquito”. This passed into Latin canopeum which could mean both “mosquito net” and a couch with such a net. And the word canapé? Well it’s the sort of food you’d eat while lounging on such a couch!
Is there minestrone on the menu? There should be, etymologically speaking! Menu is a shortening of the French phrase menu de repas “list of what’s served at a meal”, from Middle French menu “small, detailed” (the “detailed” sense leading to the “list” sense), from Latin minutus “small”, from minus “less”. This Latin word was also combined with a comparative suffix to produce the word minister “inferior, servant” (from which of course we also get English minister). From this noun developed the verb ministrare “to serve, attend, wait upon” which eventually came to mean “to serve or prepare (food)”, eventually leading to minestra “soup” (literally “that which is served”, and minestrone in Italian, borrowed into English to refer to a particular type of Italian vegetable soup.
If you like cocktails, you should be sure to garnish your aperitif. The word garnish comes from Old French garnir “provide, furnish, fortify”, borrowed from Frankish *warnjan from Proto-Germanic *warnon, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- “to cover”. This same root is at the heart of the compound *ap-wer-yo- (with the prefix *ap- “off, away”) and becomes Latin aperire “to open, uncover”, and then French apéritif “laxative, laxative liqueur” literally “opening”, because an aperitif is meant to stimulate the appetite and thus aid the digestion.
And finally, it turns out speaking of digestive juices is etymologically appropriate. The words juice and enzyme are connected by the notion of the “blending or mixing of food”, expressed by the Proto-Indo-European root *yeuə-, which has descendants meaning “soup” such as Sanskrit yua and Old Slavic jucha, and in particular Latin ius which through French gives us juice. This root also produced Greek zume meaning “leaven” (yeast or other rising agent), which gives us the word enzyme.
Thanks for watching! This is one in a series of occasional short videos about connected etymologies; to see more, you can also follow the Endless Knot on Twitter, Facebook, or Instagram.

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25 июл 2022

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Комментарии : 27   
@janadamski8859
@janadamski8859 2 года назад
The word "jucha" (digraph 'ch' is pronounced as 'h' in 'heaven') is used in polish (although obsolete) meaning 'blood'. There's also other obsolete word for blood: 'posoka', connected to the word 'sok', which means juice.
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
Interesting! Thanks!
@Automatik234
@Automatik234 2 года назад
Croatian still uses it (spellt "juha") for soup. I also heard, that german "Jauche" (meaning liquid manure) is etymologically related, but I didn't check for myself, so that could be wrong.
@slavsquatsuperstar
@slavsquatsuperstar 2 года назад
When I visited Spain, “juice” was referred to as “zumo”, possibly from the “zyme” of “enzyme”
@iulianbogasieru5919
@iulianbogasieru5919 2 года назад
In Romanian there's something similar called zeama, which comes via Latin from Greek zema. Not sure whether zema comes from a form of zyma....
@urloved8430
@urloved8430 2 года назад
Eating chicken nuggets and fries while watching this at brunch.
@ottoillian8795
@ottoillian8795 2 года назад
Fodder food for livestock for example horses. cattle, or sheep.
@taigat473
@taigat473 2 года назад
Damn another absolute banger
@brianlewis5692
@brianlewis5692 2 года назад
'feed', 'fodder', 'foster', and possibly also 'fad' are also part of that "food" family
@ivanskyttejrgensen7464
@ivanskyttejrgensen7464 2 года назад
Now I'm wondering if the French word "jus" (meaning roasting stuff to get Maillard reaction and then extract it) is related to "juice"
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
Yes, it's the same word -- meaning 'juice' in French, just like we talk about 'meat juices'. Juicy juicy meat. :)
@karlhans8304
@karlhans8304 2 года назад
good video
@vitalyrybin5645
@vitalyrybin5645 2 года назад
JUCHA should be pronounced something like OOHA [u'ha] -- That is a kind of fish soup. JUSHKA is also could be used for that meal, but in Polish-Russian-Belarusian-Ukrainian colloquial speech it also means BLOOD
@comtedesaintgermain9269
@comtedesaintgermain9269 2 года назад
wow what a battering of information, I love it. However, I'm not sure if my first sentence is grammatically correct.. :)
@cerberaodollam
@cerberaodollam 2 года назад
I'm assuming no connection between the juicy 'ius' and the homonym that's a legal term? 'ius primae noctis' etc
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
No -- though the two Latin words are indeed the same, 'ius, iuris'. But the one that means 'right, law' is from the PIE root *yewes- "law"
@remen_emperor
@remen_emperor 2 года назад
Alright, my man, you can't just do this. You can't make an RU-vid channel that heavily emphasizes etymologies and relations to words in the same family for the maybe twenty of us that exist Really though, this is a hobby that I figured that nobody would do more than one or two "Ten Words With Surprising Connections!" videos about. I'm about to go on about the only binge that's likely to be approved by doctors - a nerd binge
@drakesmith471
@drakesmith471 2 года назад
I can totally respect that. I've just been going around lately writing stuff down on note cards when there's a connection. Really fun stuff. Whenever you try to share though everyone tries there best to put on a normal face but they can't help but show their boredom unfortunately.
@erawanpencil
@erawanpencil 2 года назад
Not playing for some reason... stuck on that loading circle. My computer's playing other videos so maybe it's on your end? Thanks! Also, upload more videos, I look forward to yours the most!
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
Not sure why it wasn't working, I can't see any problems on my end. Maybe just mysterious YT bugs. And thanks, glad you enjoy the videos! Sorry, I know we've been really slow this year, but we're trying to get back on track and get some more (and longer) videos out soon.
@ybor20
@ybor20 2 года назад
thank you again, but now I start to wonder where the Vietnamese Phở comes from.. it is Vietnamese 'fod'
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
Interestingly, that etymology seems to be contested -- but not related to 'food' at all, it looks like. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pho#Etymology_and_origins
@ybor20
@ybor20 2 года назад
@@Alliterative thank you for your fast reaction, however, that article gives a lot of information about how many visions there are. But although they write that it is about the etymology, I'm missing that aspect in the article because they are writing about the chữ Quốc ngữ, the French description of how the words sound when spoken. The chữ Quốc ngữ doesn't have an etymologic history, to understand the Vietnamese words one need to write about the Chữ Nôm & Chữ Hán. For the word Phở. when the product is originated because of the French occupation, it is different with when the product is originated in the pure Vietnamese culture. Then one should try to find the etymologic explaining in the Chinese culture... It is very complex because there is more tension between China & Vietnam as between the French and Vietnam...so some Vietnamese prefer a French related origin... But I thought that maybe you knew some much older laguage relation.... The Romen also visited Vietnam & China more than 2000 year ago..
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
They give both a French and a Chinese suggestion, both for the origin of the food and the name; but I don't have enough knowledge of Vietnamese or Chinese to go beyond what's there. And I don't think there's any likelihood that Latin made its way into Vietnamese or Chinese languages in the Roman period; we have no good sources to suggest that the Romans actually travelled that far east (though clearly long distance trade did occur between China and Rome, but through multiple intermediaries). You're right that the political issues also cloud the search for word origins -- that's true all around the world, both historically and nowadays.
@ybor20
@ybor20 2 года назад
@@Alliterative yes, it's very complicated, but the Romans did business with the Chinese in Funan, southern Vietnam, a few thousand years ago. The oldest Chinese abacus has exactly the same shape as the one used by the Romans.
@davedrewett2196
@davedrewett2196 2 года назад
Fun fact. Pastureland sequesters loads of atmospheric carbon. Ploughed crops oxidises soil carbon as does using nitrogen fertiliser which also uses massive amounts of fossil fuel to produce. Please don't spread misinformation about agriculture and the symbiotic role animals play in it. Signed regenerative farmer.
@Alliterative
@Alliterative 2 года назад
Fair enough! I’ll admit sometimes I’m focused more on connecting the words in a sentence than I am on the details, and in this case I can certainly be accused of that. Thanks for the correction!
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