Purple cow is dominant. Capital letters are dominant and lower case are received. Those are the alleles that determine the characteristics of the cows. BB=purple Bb=purple (because B is dominant) and bb=white.
@@132Conner the issue was he used terms without definition so as someone new to the concepts I had no idea what he was talking about. All good. The information makes sense now with context.
No. Gene flow only happens because population A has a member who mates with a member of Population B. Note: even within a population, variations can still exist but as long as they can interbreed with each other, they are still part of the same population. The whole concept of gene flow is predicated on the idea that a member of one gene pool mates with another member of another gene pool to cause a genetic influence.