What is Natural Selection? 

Big shouts to my science teacher for just giving us this vid

can we just take a minute to appreciate the clean and entertaining illustrations and animation in this video? i just watched this for my class and I surprisingly didn't get bored

(Bug is born brown in a green place) Bug: Yay I'm unique Natural selection: im about to end this mans whole career

Who else had their teacher send them here for homework?

my bio teacher really should use these videos. i actually understand this.

who else is watching this bc its an assignment in quarantine.....

been always confused about the term "natural selection". finally I got it. nature selects who gets to survive and reproduce. Thank you so much.

howdy fellow quarantine schoolchildren shoutout to mrs smith for assigning this, if you're reading this I watched it and all your loom videos on 1.5x speed while listening to foreigner and scrolling through tumblr on my phone. tbh i'm surprised i'm not failing your class. although we have one more assignment so that could still happen.

cant belive there is someone out there who can explain things so perfectly and magnificently , thank you so much for the video ,it really means a lot

Every educatinal video ever: their comment section: AnY oNe ElSe HeRe FrOm ZoOm ClAsS?????/?????///?

dude those poor green bugs just watched their two siblings and mother die right in front of them

I see 6 types of provoking comments here: -Funnies -Genuine questions -God did it! -How man come from rock??? -You stupid, Nature smart! -Why dog stay dog? WHY DOG STAY DOG???

As a high school science teacher, I thought this was very well done--clear, concise, good use of graphics, and an authoritative, yet not condescending, tone. Great job!

I am teaching high school Biology in Thailand (I am a native English speaker from the US) and these videos have GREATLY helped me. Thank you SO SO much for posting! :)

This explains natural selection extremely well.

I must be honest. This was assigned to me to watch and I didn't get bored. Very rare for a teacher to make us watch a video that doesn't make me fall asleep. Nice job. I hope my teacher uses more of your videos. New subscriber.

were all doing homework that their biology teacher gave them right now

Tortoise lays eggs and creates a whole new species. Me: sweet home Alabama

Wonderful illustrations and analysis! Kudos to you Jon and the many others who helped make this video!

This channel is awesome! Such a good way of explaining things on RU-vid. Might be one of the best, with animations! This format rocks. Animations and a good explaining voice. This channel could cover many more complex subjects later on, but i love all of the videos on here! The topics. Brilliant. Thanks allot. Peace and love.

good video all animals have alola form

I have a test on this in a few days and this was really helpful. Thank you!

Wow! this dude does all parts of this video from beginning to end! Great talent, and kind to share.

Thank you so much for this video. I learned a ton. The illustrations were great.

A big thanks to everyone who worked on this! Really amazing and usable, and important! You guys make such a good job!

Not for homework I'm just a nerd who likes to know stuff

Thank you. This is an easily digestible summary of Natural Selection. It's very important that ideas, theories and indeed facts are made accessible to simpletons like me. By putting this into simple, bite-sized and understandable terms, you've helped in reaching the masses, most of whom (like me) are not super intelligent or academic, but who have a mind and want to use it, given the information to hand. Well done!

Wow! This was an amazing video and I hope you continue making more, you made this video very fun and interesting and I can't wait to see what else you post! Thank you!

I must know: Is suicide considered natural selection?

In a way we can say that nature has some intelligence hardwired in itself (maybe the laws of physics). Many thanks for this video! I really enjoy the way of your presentations. Keep up the good work!

As advertised- the concept of natural selection is stated clearly, explained perfectly, and the animations are amusing and appropo to the narrative. Thanks. Keeeeep going!!!

Thank you for this awesome video!! I’m a Japanese high school student. We watched this in our English class together!! It’s stated clearly so we could understand well :)

The one thing I learned from reading the comments is that there are WAY too many religious people on here...

Learning Something new is enjoyable 😃This is so much informative! Thanks a bunch ❤️

Amazing video. Very clearly explained. Please keep up the good work. We need more of your videos. Thank you.

Am I the only one here just cuz I'm interested and love everything about nature? School didn't teach me crap. Iv learned more off youtube over the past 2 years then I ever learned all through preschool to 12 grade

THIS IS AMAZING! I have been confused about this whole concept of natural selection and Darwin for the past 4 week! THIS VIDEO SAVED MY LIFE. I UNDERSTAND IT WITH NO CONFUSIONS! THANK YOU SO MUCH AND MAY GOD BLESS YOU!! Please continue making these videos! Thank you!

Thank you, this was very helpful. Thanks to this video I aced my science test.

I really enjoyed this video. Very well informed, put together, and broken down. Keep up the good work dawg 💯‼️‼️

I had such a hard time understanding this, all of the other videos made it way too complicated. this video made me understand things much better. thankyou :)

That was fucking awsome brilliant explain specially when animal camoflage illustrated I felt some endorphin in my brain when you explained that so simple well done👍👌💎

these are awesome educational videos that clearly and simplify complex concepts. thank you guys!

I like how it's the videos that cover topics that contradict or disprove biblical creation that have all of the dislikes.

A video that expands your thoughts emencely on natural selection, the illustrations are tools to visualize the topic, excellent video 💡❤️

Flip a coin, and your chance of getting heads or tails is basically 50-50. Flip 100 coins and chance of all of them landing heads up is 1/2 to the 100th power - you could be flipping for eons without getting an all heads result. But instead of restarting every time. reserve the ones that show the right result, and only re-flip the tails. 100 flip, 50 heads. 50 flip, 25 up, 25 flip 13 up, 12 flip, six up... In only 5 iterations, you're 97% of the way to the result. Genes and alleles are a lot more complicated than coins, but the experiment is being run billions of times over in parallel - each creature a new experiment, each generation a new flip, and the environment of predators and hazards the selection for the desirable trait.

Loving these! Keep them coming!

What a consistent style of graphics throughout whole video! I bet it is smoetimes hard to find\draw such graphics in order that it fitted the style of the whole video.

*HOW EVOLUTION WORKS* It is helpful to understand that evolution is a molecular process. The random mutations that naturally occur during cell division and replication (mitosis and meiosis) are the raw material for the genetic variation we see in every population of organisms. Mutations are ongoing and continuous for every living species. Those mutations are subjected to a selection process that is performed by whatever environment the organisms find themselves. In this respect, evolution is an ongoing, continuous set of experiments. Those that work get perpetuated, those that don't, perish. It is as if the environment acted as an umpire who says "There are good mutations and there are bad mutations and there are neutral mutations, but they ain't nuthin' until I (the environment) calls 'em." That is Natural Selection. Neutral mutations just go along for the ride without producing immediate benefit (Genetic Drift). The result of those selection processes is organisms best suited for their current environment. Should that environment change, it would put the population under stress. If the population gene pool has sufficient genetic variation it increases the likelihood that at least some offspring should be able to survive and perpetuate the species (albeit one of slightly different genetic makeup). What you should understand is that genetic changes do not occur because of some 'need'. The mutations are RANDOM and get selected if they are USEFUL. That is a process and it is anything BUT random. Let's take the example of the Panda. Bears in general are omnivores, eating plant matter, but with a marked preference for meat when available. The preferred food of the Panda however, is bamboo leaves, which have such low nutritional value that they must eat almost continuously. The Panda would certainly be able to extract more nutrition with a four chambered stomach (as in ungulates and whales) or something akin to a cecal valve, but it has neither in its genetic toolbox. In feeding themselves, pandas are continuously stripping bamboo leaves from their stalks, a process that could be facilitated if they had a thumb. Bears however do not have thumbs, nor do they have genes for them in their genetic toolbox. Nor do new features simply spring into existence. However, if a slightly altered body component provides some benefit, natural selection will perpetuate it. Evolution results in incremental alterations to what is already there. As an analogy, imagine a robot gardener dragging a hose around various obstacles it encounters in a garden until it can go no further. Now an intelligent gardener could simply retrace his steps and take a different path, avoiding those obstacles. The robot gardener (evolution) is not an intelligent force and cannot do that. With a limited tool kit, it can only (figuratively) add more hose to get the job done. While a thumb would be quite useful to a panda for stripping leaves, evolution cannot rewind to produce one. Instead, it has taken "a piece of hose' (a wrist bone) and enlarged it to act as a stand in for a thumb. That is not an elegant solution and not a perfect one, but it gets the job done. Evolution is does not produce perfect solutions, but tweaks here and there to "get the job done". THAT is how evolution operates. Based in part on the fact that no tetrapods, (terrestrial vertebrates) exist in the fossil record prior to about 370 million years ago, the Theory of Evolution would predict that tetrapods evolved from fish. If that were the case, there should have existed at one time a fish with characteristics of both fish and tetrapods. In other words a Transitional Species. Until about 2005, there was little evidence for such a creature. There were however, a class of fish called Sarcopterygians or Lobe Finned Fishes, that dominated Devonian seas. What characterized those lobe finned fishes was that those fins were supported by external bones and muscles. Those bones, a single bone, connected to two bones connected to smaller bones, are analogous to the limb bones of all tetrapods, including humans. Most Sarcopterygian Fishes have long been extinct, but they are survived today by two species of coelacanth and six species of lungfish. Still, what was missing was a fossil showing characteristics of fish AND tetrapods. When Neil Shubin and his team decided to search for a fossil that filled the gap between the Lobe Finned Fishes that dominated Devonian Seas and the earliest tetrapod fossils represented by Ichthyostega and Acanthostega dated about 370 mya. Since those fossils were found in geologic deposits indicating a freshwater environment and if the Theory of Evolution is correct in its hypothesis that tetrapods evolved from fish, then transitional fossils should be found in similar deposits somewhat older in age. The problem was that geologic deposits of that age are exposed at few places on the earth's surface. Fortunately, a great deal of geologic exploration has been done throughout the world, financed often times by oil and mining interests. They selected an area in the Canadian Arctic, Ellesmere Island, as having the greatest likelihood of success. It took 4 years of searching during the short summers of that hostile environment but succeeded, returning in 2004 with 9 specimens of the fish they named Tiktaalik. It was exactly what one would expect a transitional fish-tetrapod to look like and was found in deposits dated 375 mya. If this was not the direct ancestor of tetrapods, it was something very much like it.This is a great example of using evolutionary theory as a predictive tool, The genetic variation within a population is referred to as a gene pool. Organisms can move freely within that population breeding with each other perpetuating any new mutations that work and eliminating those that are less than optimal.Each offspring will most resemble its parents, yet will vary slightly genetically because of unique mutations acquired during meiosis. Thus the genetic makeup of a population will change ever so slightly with each successive generation. Populations are not stable, they expand and contract with changing conditions. So long as there is sufficient genetic variation within a population there will be some members capable of surviving those conditions and perpetuating the species. The alternative is extinction. When populations expand and migrate to new territories, some portions of it will become genetically isolated from each other and no longer share a common gene pool. In such cases, each such sub population will carry a subset of the parent population, but subsequent mutations will be unique to each new population (the genotype) that will come to differentiate that population from others (Genetic Drift). To the extent that such populations encounter differing environmental conditions, that environment will exert different evolutionary pressures on that population. New mutations will have a much greater chance of coming to dominance within a smaller population than they would in the larger parent population where they would be one among the many. Over thousands of generations genetic differences accumulate in the different gene pools making interbreeding ever more difficult until at some point speciation can be said to have occurred. Because speciation is a process, rather than an event, it would be no more possible to pinpoint where speciation occurred than to identify where on the color spectrum orange becomes red.

Thank you so Much this has greatly helped on my 7th grade science final. You just got a new subscriber. :)

that was the most helpful video I've ever seen asap science should take notes!

Ahhh! This series is sooo good! The animations are so cool. Good work!

i love stated clearly videos.they are so helpful and understandable.thank you so much:)

Evolution is not a theory. It is a *process*. The only thing theoretical about evolution is how it occurs, and natural selection is one theory that explains evolution to a great degree. Please don't say that "natural selection is a part of the theory of evolution" because that's just not correct. Otherwise...nice video!

I am a biology teacher and I love your videos for my kids they are very simple and accurate and the kids enjoy the laughs! Please continue to make them so I can match them up with future units! Let me know how we can help!

Natural Selection is something new to me. This video did a great job I thought of explaining everything. Natural Selection is non-randomly selecting which animal will be surviving and producing to make the best outcome.

Thank you so much for making this video. It held my attention and was extremely clear when explaining

Who is here because of quarantine and decided to scroll down to the comment section but forgot it was moved so you scroll back up and see the comments and click it and it ends up with just a bunch of people saying who’s here because of quarantine

great explanation, thanks for amazing videos.

U hv helped me a lot.I really dont think if i do need a teacher coz u hv made me understand more than required. Thanks a lot.

Amazing 2 videos. So much to learn it’s overwhelming. Came out of Christianity and took a liking to the brain and the cosmos, only reason I stayed away from learning more about evolution is never found someone that explained it in detail, simply. Thank you for this

"Stated clearly"... You should do more videos,.. These are great. :-D

Nice one. I'm an animator/cartoonist, and I work at a science museum (North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences). I'd be keen to learn more about what you're doing.

Excellent! This is an exceedingly clear and concise, visually and sonically pleasing explanation of Descent with Modification, Natural Selection, and Selective Breeding.

I’ve learned more in 9 minutes than in my entire semester... No but for real, thank you very much, I have an essay on Darwin and Wiliam Paley due tomorrow and i didn’t understood what they were saying before now, it all makes sense now

who is here because of COVID-19?!

i just wisssh from all my heart that your kind of channels become one day the the source of entertainment for humans , if we wish to survive we should understand science am kina losin fatith in ppl am so glad u r reachin million viewers u deserve more and more thank u for your hard work believe me there are ppl who really appreciate it

Buddy you really stated clearly and explained well and the animation was cherry on the top

I work in plant breeding (popcorn) and love 4:50 through 6:20. Fantastic, keep up the great work.

Geology shows that fossils are of different ages. Paleontology shows a fossil sequence, the list of species represented changes through time. Taxonomy shows biological relationships among species. Evolution is the explanation that threads it all together. Creationism is the practice of squeezing one's eyes shut and wailing "Does not!"

Eric Harris

Thanks for clearing the doubt on the definition of "natural selection". I always got confused now whether it was random or not

I have managed to understand at the age of 50 what evolution and natural selection is by watching this lovely video ! Thanks

best explanation ever, great work!

Who else is here because of "Biology Class"

This is the best video on RU-vid to make a religious person understand what natural selection really is. That is tough!! Can't wait for more videos from this channel!

Most people are appalled when someone murders or attempts to murder a child. Even more so when it is a parent attacking their own child. It is universally condemned. Almost. Tell a true believer the perpetrator was Abraham and their response is “Oh, that’s different. God ordered him to do it”. Oh REALLY? Does that sound at all like a rational response? And what kind of god would play a sick trick like that? Testing Abraham to see if he would do god’s will? Isn’t this god supposed to be omniscient and omnipotent? Wouldn’t he know beforehand? And what about “Thou shalt not kill”? Oh, excuse me, THAT didn’t come until LATER. O.K. so later, Moses gets the 10 commandments, and chief among them is that “Thou shalt not kill” commandment. Now, everyone probably feels that is a good commandment that needs to be observed except perhaps in war or self-defense. Well, according to the bible there are other exceptions: To those of you who see the bible as the inerrant word of god; you must be extremely busy, as true believers, putting to death adulterers (Deuteronomy 22:23-24, Leviticus 20:10);homosexuals (Leviticus 20:13), non virgins (Deuteronomy 22:20-21), and any of your neighbors foolish enough to mow their lawn on the Sabbath (Exodus 31:12-15,Exodus 35:1-3,Numbers 15:32-36). Your neighborhoods must be scenes of daily carnage. And using the bible as a source of morality? Here is a wonderful example of biblical morality: Numbers 31:14-18 14 Moses was angry with the officers of the army-the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds-who returned from the battle. 15 “Have you allowed all the women to live?” he asked them. 16 “They were the ones who followed Balaam’s advice and enticed the Israelites to be unfaithful to the Lord in the Peor incident, so that a plague struck the Lord’s people. 17 Now kill all the boys. And kill every woman who has slept with a man, 18 but save for yourselves every girl who has never slept with a man. 31:35 And thirty and two thousand persons in all, of women that had not known man by lying with him. By any standards, that is pretty horrific cold-blooded murder of thousands of women and children, followed by the rape of 32,000 young girls. Oh, and speaking of rape, surely that is one of the ‘Thou shalt nots’ of the ten commandments. NO??? Take a look at these REALLY important commandments (there are different versions within the bible). Thou shalt not: Worship other gods Work on the Sabbath (death penalty crime) Take the name of the lord in vain Make graven images Covet thy neighbor’s wife (ass, house, etc.) And, oh yes, ‘thou shalt not kill’ and ‘thou shalt not steal’ are in there somewhere. But rape? Not one word!!! How about elsewhere in the bible? Surely the bible must condemn it somewhere? Oh, yes, I found it. Deuteronomy 22:28-29 28 If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered, 29 he shall pay her father fifty shekels[a] of silver. He must marry the young woman, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives. YESSS! There it is. Rape is a PROPERTY crime. The rapist has damaged the father’s PROPERTY and it is he that must be compensated. What justice for the victim of the rape? She has to marry her rapist. Surely she lived happily ever after, no? Here, as elsewhere in the bible, women have no say in their future. And slavery; you would think that the bible must take a firm stand against it. Think again. Exodus 21:20-21 20 “Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result, 21 but they are not to be punished if the slave recovers after a day or two, since the slave is their property. These are NOT isolated instances, nor are they taken out of context; these themes are repeated over and over. They are not the actions of a just and loving god, nor do they have any semblance to morality. It is a sign of the irrationality of religion that the ‘faithful’ will ignore or shrug off the most horrific acts in their ‘book of truth’ This is how religion degrades the human mind and destroys the ability to reason.

His voice is so damn calm that made me sleep while watching😭 now im late for my bio exam

You lived up to your name! You, indeed, stated it clearly that I understood absolutely everything with entertainment! Thank you so much! More power! PS. I just subscribed! :)

Glad I got to watch this my reading! thanks!

the farmer's wife looks so sad i hope she find happiness somehow..

Plot twist: the farmer is Hitler :O

Your explanation is so clear sir Thank you

Well made and indeed stated very clearly !

Nope this is all wrong thor did it

G Man you would benefit from watching this.

Thank you so much. This was awesome. Love the voice.

1. They pick the best growing plant to produce more 2.the process by which random evolutionary changes are selected for by nature 3. Depending on their natural selection they can hide and blend in Thank me later :) btw idk if these answers are correct these are mine but if you don't care than here you go

You'd be surprised how many creationists get this wrong.

So nature selects the lucky animals who get to survive, how does that particularly advantageous mutation disseminate? Is it just that because they live, that mutation will live on through reproduction?

very nice and clear explanation.

what a great video👏🏽 thank you! I understand this a lot better now

***** This is the video I was recommending you watch. Since you never seem to see when I post the link for you, I'm trying it another way. :)

Love it. Keep up the good work!

thank you for explaining it nicely i can now understand it completely

thanks! It was a great presentation and it helps me for the science lesson

post more videos

Imagine thinking that god made the earth instead of garfield

Beautifully explained ❤️

THANK THIS JUST SAVED MY GRADE!

I only have one question: In the video, you stated that the tortoises are the descendants of individuals that randomly floated to the island. That seems highly improbable. How would there be enough arriving at a frequent enough rate to produce a healthy population where inbreeding was not a concern?