Gouda:
Famous in the whole world for its cheese, Gouda (pop. 72,000)
also boast one of the nicest town halls in the Netherlands as well as some of the best stained glass windows in all Europe.
History of Gouda:
In medieval times, Gouda was situated in a swampy area covered with a peat forest and crossed by small creeks such as the Gouwe.
Peat harvesting began in the 11th and 12th centuries. In the 13th century, the Gouwe was connected to the Old Rhine by a canal,
and a harbour developed at its mouth. The van der Goude family built a fortified castle alongside the banks of the Gouwe River,
which gave its name to the town and the family.
Gouda was granted city rights in 1272 by Floris V, Count of Holland. The city was destroyed by fires in 1361 and 1438.
It was occupied and damaged by the Sea Beggars (rebels from noble families opposing the Spanish regime) in 1572. The castle was demolished in 1577.
In 1574, 1625, 1636, and 1673, Gouda suffered from deadly Plague epidemics, the last of which killing 2995 people,
or 20% of the population at the time. This caused alternate economic upheavals, further worsened by the Eighty Years' War (1568-1648).
The situation improved between 1700 and 1730. Afterwards, other recessions led to a long period of decline lasting until the middle of the 19th century.
During that period, Gouda had become so poor that the terms "Goudaner" and "beggar" were considered synonymous.
The city walls were pulled down between 1830 and 1854. In 1855, the railway linking Gouda to Utrecht began to operate.
New companies, such as the Stearine Kaarsenfabriek (Stearine Candle Factory) and the Machinale Garenspinerij (Mechanized Yarn Spinnery),
acted as the impetus to the local economy. Large-scale development started beyond the city walls at the beginning of the 20th century.
In the 1940's, parts of the canals were filled up in spite of protests from the local population.
Nowadays, Gouda is first and foremost renowed for its cheese, still sold on the market every Thursday,
but also for its candles, smoking pipes, and syrup waffles.
Music: License @ www.soundstripe.com
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#Gouda #Holland #Chees
30 сен 2024
