History of Chera dynasty | ചേരസാമ്രാജ്യത്തിന്‍റെ ചരിത്രം 

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

ജന്മം കൊണ്ട് പകുതി മുസ്ലിം ആയ നെഹ്‌റുവും കുടുംബവും കഴിഞ്ഞ 65 വർഷം ഇന്ത്യ ഭരിച്ചത് ഹിന്ദുത്വം, ഹിന്ദുധർമ്മം, സനാദന ധർമം ഇവയൊക്കെ മുച്ചൂടും നശിപ്പിച്ചില്ലാതാക്കിയതിനുശേഷം ഇസ്ലാമികഭരണം സ്ഥാപിക്കാൻ, ഇസ്ലാമിസ്റ്റുകൾക്ക് കൈയയഞ്ഞു സഹായിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു! ഒമാൻ, ഇറാൻ ഇറാക്ക്, യുഎഇ, ഖത്തർ, തുടങ്ങിയ രാജ്യങ്ങളിൽ ഉള്ളതിനേക്കാൾ ജനസംഖ്യ യുള്ള, ലോകത്തു തന്നെ ജനസംഖ്യയിൽ രണ്ടാം സ്ഥാനത്തുള്ള, മുസ്ലിം ഉള്ള ഒരു രാജ്യമായ ഇന്ത്യയിൽ ന്യുനപക്ഷ പദവി എന്ന പദവി നൽകി മുസ്ലിങ്ങൾക്ക് സംവരണം നൽകി പ്രീണിപ്പിച്ചു നിർത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത് ഇന്ത്യയിൽ, ഭാവിയിൽ ഇസ്ലാമിക രാജ്യം സ്ഥാപിക്കണമെന്ന ദുരുദേശത്തോടുകൂടി തന്നെയാണ്! ഹജ്ജിന് പോകാൻ മുസ്ലിങ്ങൾക്ക് കോടിക്കണക്കിനു രൂപ ഫണ്ട് നൽകുന്നു! ഹജ്ജിന് പോകാൻ ഒരു വ്യക്തിക്കുതന്നെ പതിനായിരക്കണക്കിന് രൂപയുടെ സബ്‌സിഡിയാണ്‌ നൽകുന്നത്!! ശബരിമലപോലുള്ള ഹിന്ദു ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളിൽ പോകുവാൻ KSRTC പോലുള്ള ബസുകളിൽ 2.5 ( രണ്ടാരമടങ് ) ബസ്ചാർജ് അധികം നൽകേണ്ടിവരുന്ന ഹിന്ദുക്കളുടെ അവസ്ഥ ആലോചിച്ചുനോക്കൂ! മുസ്ലിങ്ങൾക്ക് മതപഠനം നടത്താൻ പ്രത്യേകഫണ്ടും മദ്രസ്സ അധ്യാപകർക്ക് ശമ്പളവും പെൻഷനും കൈഅയഞ്ഞു സഹായിക്കുമ്പോൾ, ഹിന്ദു കുട്ടികളെ മതം പഠിപ്പിക്കുവാൻ പ്രത്യേക സ്കൂളുകളോ മതപഠനം കേന്ദ്രങ്ങളോ സ്ഥാപിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലെന്ന നിയമമാണ് നെഹ്‌റു ഹിന്ദുക്കൾക്കെതിരെ പ്രവർത്തികമാക്കിയത്! ഹിന്ദുക്കളിലെ അവശവിഭാഗത്തിൽ പെട്ട പാർശ്വവൽക്കരിക്കപ്പെട്ട സ്കൂൾ കുട്ടികൾക്ക് ലെപ്സം ഗ്രന്റായി പ്രതിവർഷം വളരെ NOMINAL ആയ 100 ഓ 200 ഓ രൂപ നൽകുമ്പോൾ ഇവിടുത്തെ ന്യുനപക്ഷങ്ങൾക്ക് പഠിക്കാൻ പതിനായിരക്കണക്കിന് രൂപയാണ് സ്ക്കോളർഷിപ്പായി സർക്കാർ നൽകുന്നത്! ന്യുനപക്ഷങ്ങളിലെ ഇസ്ലാം സമുദായത്തിൽ പെട്ട വിധവയായ സ്ത്രീകളുടെ പുനർവിവാഹത്തിന് ലക്ഷങ്ങൾ നൽകി സർക്കാർ സഹായിക്കുമ്പോൾ ഹിന്ദു കുടുംബങ്ങളിലെ വിധവകൾക്ക് ഇസ്ലാം സ്ത്രീകൾക്ക് നൽകുന്ന ലക്ഷങ്ങളുടെ സഹായം ഇല്ല! ഇന്ത്യയെ വെട്ടിമുറിച്ചു രണ്ടു കഷ്ണങ്ങലക്കി ബ്രിടീഷുകാർഇന്ത്യയെ രണ്ട് മുസ്ലിങ്ങളെ ഏൽപ്പിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു! ഒന്ന് ജിന്ന. രണ്ട് നെഹ്‌റു!

All Nehrus play

65 years it made hidden

@@mahadevanviswanathan2921 Yes

നീ ഒക്കെ കണാപ്പി ആയോണ്ടാ kelaknje

Nairs are the descendants of Cheras. Travancore kings also had the documented lineage of 1500 years.

Sir, The Invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the Chola king in his Sanskrit inscription has stated that "he had crossed the sahya mountains (western ghats) and destroyed the Kerala king and his country (Kerala) protected by the chief of the Brigus (i.e Lord Parashurama - Ex. "Jithva Kerala Bhupathim Brigupatheschithva thapo rakshitham prithvim") which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. Please don't support the dishonest historians sir. The kings of Kerala are referred to as 'Kerala, Keralaputhra, Keraladhinatha, Keralakularaja, Keralavarma etc' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have referred to the Kerala (Malabar) kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E in Indian history as it is the Malayali kings alone in the historical accounts of Kerala since the 9th Century C.E as consisting of the chieftain Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Kurumpiyathiri of Kurumpranadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Vellathiri of Valluvanadu, Onathiri of Odanadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc who were the rulers of Kerala (Malabar) until the 18th Century C.E in Kerala history. : For Example: The 15th century inscription of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Jayasimha Deva' of Kollam (i.e Kolambhapuri in Sanskrit) as the 'Crowned Monarch' of the 'Chera Lineage' in Matrilineal succession whereas the 16th century inscription of Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Ramavarma Maharaja' of Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) as the 'Royal Descent' of the mythological king 'Seraman Perumal Nayanar' in Matrilineal succession hence even the foreign traveler Ibn battuta in the 14th Century C.E have also stated that "In Malabar (Kerala), the Kings transmit their sovereignty only to their sisters Son". : The origin of Marumakkathayam (i.e Mathruparamparya in Sanskrit) or the matrilineal inheritance is attributed to the mandate of 'Parashurama' in an epoch known as 'Treta Yuga' in the Kerala tradition thereby as per the traditional Kerala history, a King of Kerala or 'Cheraman' known as 'Ramavarma' had once ruled the entire land from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari after Lord Parashurama in an epoch known as 'KalI Yuga' and he divided the land among the nobles and his throne among his nephew (i.e mahodhayapattanam king) and his crown among his son (i.e kolambhapattanam king) with Kodungallur (i.e thiruvanchikulam) and Kollam (i.e thenvanchi) as their capital within the Kerala-Kingdom (i.e Keraladesha) hence even the foreign traveler Friar Jordanus in the 14th Century have also stated that “In this India (Kerala) never do even the sons of great kings or nobles inherit the goods of their parents, but only the sons of their sisters" : Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) : The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan', who is said to have became angry without an enemy worthy to fight and besieged the sea with his spear and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e sera nadu in tamil). : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam chera' and 'second chera' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu hence the Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera-nadu in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

@@Nithin90 Their is not even a Single inscriptions before 12th which says about Namboothiri and Nair caste people

@@Nithin90 Sanskrit did not even had a written script until 1st

New Research Studies showed that Indus valley civilization people used spoke Proto - Dravidian languages

M S Creation Work'S you claim to be a Tamilan Nadar caste. It is an open-fact that the Tamil speaking caste-group referred to as 'Cantar' (shanar) in Sri Lanka and as 'Sandran' (shanar) in Tamil Nadu have changed their caste name to 'Nadar' in the early 20th century and it is these Tamil-speaking immigrant Nadar (Shanar) majority of Travancore from Neyyattinkara to Kanyakumari in Kerala (Malabar) history who campaigned for its inclusion in the Tamil-speaking Madras State (Tamil Nadu) instead of the Malayalam-speaking Kerala state. The main agenda of Tamilans here irrespective of caste, religion etc is to claim that only the Castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) as consisting of the 'Uyarnthor or Uyar-Pirappalan' (High-Born) and the 'Izhinthor or Izhi-Pirappalan' (Low-Born) as found in the 'Sangam Literatures' of Tamil Nadu alone existed in Kerala and Tamil Nadu along with 'Tamilan Nadar (Shanar)' caste until the 12th Century A.D or thereafter before the advent of 'Nambuthiri, Nair etc' when it is an open-fact that the caste-group referred to as 'Bhatta (Bhattathiri), Vellala, Ezhava, Channan, Paraya, Pulaya, Kurava etc' in the inscriptions and literary works of Kerala (Malabar) since the 9th Century C.E to 20th century C.E had nothing to do with the Tamil speaking immigrants of Kerala (Malabar) referred to as 'Pandi Pattar (Iyyer), Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Channan, Pandi Paraya, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history. For Example: Appar (Tamilan Vellalan Poet) - 7th Century C.E - "I will worship the sincere devotee of Lord Shiva even if he is an untouchable 'Pulaiya' who revels in skinning cows and eating its flesh." For Example: According to the Tamil Nadu historians themselves, the Three kings of 'Sera, Sora, Pandiya' (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya in Sanskrit) or 'Moovendar' were referred to as Uyarpirappalar (i.e High-Born in Tamil) who were entitled to study the Vedas (i.e Vetha or Othu in Tamil) and to conduct the Vedic rituals such as Rajasuya (i.e Irachacuyam in Tamil) and to wear the triple-stranded Sacred Thread (i.e Poonool or Muppirinool in Tamil) like the Brahmanas (i.e Paarppanar in Tamil) unlike the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' such as Kari, the unhistorical chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the unhistorical chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu or Ay-Andiran, the unhistorical chieftain of Pothiyilmalai (thirunelveli district) in Tamil Nadu etc whereas the caste-group such as 'Pulaiyas' etc were referred to as Izhipirappalar (i.e Low-Born in Tamil) who performed the occupations such as burning the dead in the cremation ground etc. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is an open fact that Ezhava, Pulaya, Paraya etc were common-caste names of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the past as For Example, The South Indian Inscriptions of the Chola kings' as translated by the Epigraphist E. Hultzsch refers to various settlements of the caste-group Ezhavas (Ezhaseri), Paraiyas (Paraiseri), Pulaiyas (Pulaiseri) etc in Tamil Nadu between the 10th Century and 11th Century C.E The ancient European travelers have referred to the sovereign of Kerala as 'Kaelobothras, Keprobothras etc' (i.e Keralaputhra in Sanskrit) in history and similarly, the invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to our Malayali kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama' etc in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit. The term 'Chera, Cheraman Thampuran etc' in the folk-songs of Kerala are denoting the Malayali kings of antiquity referred to as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit since pre-portuguese period who gave the Christians, Muslims, Jews etc a place to trade and live in Kerala and not any fictional 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu mythology or the fictional 'Chera Perumal' of the 18th century 'Keralolpathi' mythology etc For Example: Diego de Couto (16th Century) - "It is the tradition among the Christians of Malabar (Kerala) that a 'Xarao Perimal' (Cheraman Perumal) of Cranganore (Kodungallur) was so very well affected to them and that through them he was converted to Christianity and persuaded to go to Meliapor (Mylapore)"

സംശയമോ..?

അതെ അത് തന്നെ ചേരളം തന്നെ കേരളം

ella raajakudumbangalilum , bhramana sabhakalilum thamil pesunnathu pathaal pothum.. ippolum intha mairanmaar nammanaatilirikku .. kalla pandi pundakal.

Athe pandu cheralam

kerala putra is mentioned in Asokan inscription ... Mauryan ruler mention keralaputra (Chera), satyaputra(Kongunad chera), Chola and Pandya to be outside of his empire. That means except Kerala and tamil nadu most of south conqurered by maurya

The invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the Chola king in his Sanskrit inscription has stated that "he had crossed sahya mountains (western ghats) and destroyed the Kerala king and his country (Kerala) protected by the chief of the Brigus (i.e Lord Parashurama - Ex. "Jithva Kerala Bhupathim Brigupatheschithva Thapo Rakshitham Prithvim") which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. The main intention of these Tamil slaves of Kerala is to teach that the territory referred to as 'Ketalaputho' (i.e Keralaputhra) in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit works of ancient India was a region as consisting of Some parts of Modern Kerala and Some parts of Northwestern Tamil Nadu referred to as 'Sera-Nadu' in Tamil since the 3rd Century B.C as ruled by the various unhistorical 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' and Post-Sangam Literatures' and that the term 'Kerala' in the literary works and inscriptions of Kerala (Malabar) as denoting the Kerala (Malabar) kings since the 9th Century C.E to 12th Century C.E in Kerala (Malabar) history was the Sanskritisation of the term 'Seralan' in Tamil when it is an open fact that the people of Tamil Nadu irrespective of caste as found in the 'Sangam Literatures and Post-Sangam Literatures' (Ex. Parppan (Brahmin), Vellalan, Kammalan, Maravan, Ezhavan (Sandror), Paraiyan, Pulaiyan, Kuravan, Kallan etc) now known as 'Tamilans' were collectively referred to as a Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history until the 12th Century C.E and thereafter in Kerala (Malabar) history. The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Kadal Pirakkottiya Senguttuvan', who is said to have became angry without an enemy worthy to fight and besieged the sea with his spear and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e sera nadu in tamil). : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam chera' and 'second chera' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu hence the Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera-nadu in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

​@@arunkumar4594 Sir, The Thiruvanchikulam Mahadeva temple and the Kulashekharapuram Sreekrishna temple are the Kuladevathas (i.e tutelary-deities) of the Matrilineal royal family of Kerala. The 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit (i.e Kaelobothras, Keprobothras etc in Greek) as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala in which the port city of 'Muziris' (i.e Kodungallur) on the banks of the river 'Pseudostomus' (i.e Periyar river) as situated therefore it was also referred to as 'Jangli, Shinkali, Gingaleh etc' by the Foreign Travelers since the 10th Century C.E after the native Malayalam word 'Changalazhi' as denoting the Estuary at Kodungallur hence the Earliest extant Kerala literary works itself refers to the port city of 'Kodungallur' (i.e Muziris in Greek) on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Pseudostomus in Greek) as the 'Nripapuri' (i.e Capital) of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit (i.e Keralaputhra) in Kerala history For Example: Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-king inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The Periyar river and its tributaries in Malayalam was known as 'Mahanadhi, Choorni, Marudhvritha, Nau (chalakkudi river) etc' in Sanskrit and the royal family of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayar-Pattanam in Malayalam) titled as belonging to the 'Keralakula' (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) was known as 'Bahuvyapthi' meaning 'having great expansion' (i.e Perum-Padarppu in Malayalam) in the Sanskrit works of Kerala until the 14th Century C.E among which the port-town of Kochi (i.e Gosrinagara in Sanskrit) referred to as 'Cocym' by the Foreign Travelers since the 15th Century C.E was the property of the 'Elaya Thavazhi' referred to as 'Narayana Varma, Govindha Varma, Rama Varma etc' until the 15th Century C.E or since Pre-Portuguese Period in Kerala (Malabar) history. The term 'Keshavan, Kashu, Ashudham etc' in Malayalam are also written as 'Keyavan, Kayu, Ayitham etc' in the inscriptions and similarly, the term 'Muyirikodu' in the inscription is to be read as 'Mushirikodu'. (I.e Muziris in Greek) aka 'Changalazhi' in Malayalam until the 14th Century C.E (i.e Jangli, Shinkali, Gingaleh etc) There is an agreement known as 'Muziris-Papyrus' from the 2nd Century C.E which documents the trade agreement between Muziris (i.e Kodungallur) and Alexandria and simialrly, the port-cities of Kerala were at the height of its prosperity with trade relations from all over the world since the 1st Century C.E to the medieval period of Indian history. For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E) The ancient polytheistic European travelers have referred to the sovereign of Kerala as 'Kaelobothras, Keprobothras etc' (i.e Keralaputhra in Sanskrit) in history and similarly, the invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to our Malayali kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama' etc in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit. The term 'Chera, Cheraman Thampuran etc' in the folk-songs of Kerala are denoting the Malayali kings of antiquity referred to as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit since pre-portuguese period who gave the Christians, Muslims, Jews etc a place to trade and live in Kerala and not any fictional 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu mythology or the fictional 'Chera Perumal' of the 18th century 'Keralolpathi' mythology etc For Example: Diego de Couto (16th Century) - "It is the tradition among the Christians of Malabar (Kerala) that a 'Xarao Perimal' (Cheraman Perumal) of Cranganore (Kodungallur) was so very well affected to them and that through them he was converted to Christianity and persuaded to go to Meliapor (Mylapore)"

@@arunkumar4594 Sir, Kerala and Tamil Nadu were two different communities that developed in the adjacent regions of the western ghats with commonality in the dynasty of Kings (i.e Kerala) in history but the politics, language, social system, religious practices, social customs, architecture, festivals, arts etc of Keralam (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) were all quite distinct from Tamil Nadu region since earliest known history. For Example: There are inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings titled as 'Kerala Varma, Keraladhiraja etc' as also found from 'Tirunelveli district, Dindigul district etc' in Tamil Nadu history but these regions of Tamil Nadu historically known as 'Pandi-Nadu, Kongu-Nadu etc' in Indian history was never ever known as 'Kerala or Keralaputhra or, Keraladesha etc' in Indian history. The writing scripts referred to as 'Dramidakshara' in Kerala (Malabar) history including Vattezhuthu script was used to write Malayalam language until the 18th century C.E in Kerala (Malabar) history whereas our Malayalam script is used exclusively today due to its limitations in writing Sanskrit words properly as in the Tamil script of Tamil Nadu without Grantha letters The north Indian prakrit texts have referred to the writing scripts of the geographical region of Kerala and Tamil Nadu as 'Damili' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidi or Dravidalipi' since the 3rd Century B.C whereas the term 'Tamili or Tamil-Brahmi' is a modern term as concocted by Tamil Nadu scholars since the 20th Century for an older variety of script as now discovered from Kerala and Tamil Nadu as closely resembling the Ashoka Brahmi inscriptions . The three FAKE Brahmi inscriptions of 'Pandiyan Nedumchezhiyan', 'Perumseral Irumporai' and 'Sathiyaputho Adiyaman Neduman Anji' of Tamil Nadu were created to claim that these unhistorical kings of the local Tamil Nadu mythology were the historical rulers referred to as 'Ketalaputho (Keralaputhra), Sathiyaputho (Sathyaputhra) , Pada (i.e Pandya) etc' in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C. before the advent of ‘Kalabharas, Pallavas etc’ in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh etc between the 3rd Century C.E and 6th Century C.E For Example: Buddhadatta, the 5th Century writer in Pali, mentions his contemporary Buddhist king Achchutavikranta of the "Kalabharakula" (lineage of Kalabharas), as ruling over the Chola country from Kaveripattanam in Tamil Nadu. The unhistorical 'Sera' king 'Perumseral Irumporai' who is said to have killed 'Adiyaman' and destroyed his capital (Salem district) in Tamil Nadu in the local Tamil Nadu mythology had nothing to do with the historical rulers of Kerala (Malabar)) referred to as 'Kerala or Keralaputhra' in the historical accounts of India since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E or thereafter in Kerala (Malabar) history The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today.

ഹാജർ ഫ്രം കൊടുങ്ങല്ലൂർ 💥

Madam, These Tamil-teams are pretending to be Anti-Sanskrit 'Pulaya' Saviours. The only intention of this guy is to claim that the unhistorical king 'Kadal Pirakottiya Seran', who is said to have became angry without an enemy worthy to fight and besieged the sea with his spear and his father 'Imayavarampan Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai in tamil) in the local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' were the historical rulers of 'Kodungallur' referred to as 'Keralaputhra in Sanskrit' (i.e Ketalaputho in Prakrit) in the historical accounts of India since the 3rd Century B.C. The Malayali Hindus have regarded the country north of the southern sea (Indian ocean) as bounded by the Malaya mountains (western ghats) to the East as 'Kerala-Desha' in which the Hindu temples of 'Ananthapurakshetra (Thiruvananthapuram temple), Anjanakshethra (Thiruvanchikulam temple) etc' as situated in Kerala (Malabar) history just as the region East of 'Bhoothapandi' in Kanyakumari district was known as 'Pandya-Desha' (i.e Pandi-region) in Kerala (Malabar) history and it is an open-fact that the region of Tamil Nadu refered to as 'Pandi-Nadu' and its capital Madurai was captured by Malik Kafur, the general of Alauddin of Delhi in the 14th Century C.E before the advent of 'Telugu Nayaks' just as the region of Tamil Nadu referred to as 'Kongu Nadu' in Indian history was ruled by the 'Rastragutas, Gangas etc' along with 'Adiyaman, Chola, Pandya etc' until the 12th Century C.E in Tamil Nadu history The land as bounded by the Malayadri mountains (western ghats) to the East and the Ocean to the West is known as the 'Malayalam Country' or 'Keralam' in all of known Indian history as For Example, the 11th century Sanskrit Poet Bilhana in his work refers to several kingdoms as having surrendered to the King Vikrama (1076 - 1126 C.E) of Karnataka including Konkana (konkan region), Alupa (tulu region), Chola, Pandya etc whereas the poet Bilhana mentions that the Elephants of the King Vikrama as having stirred the sandalwood trees on the Malaya Mountains (western ghats) in his conquest of Kerala.- For Example: “Abhajyantha gajaisthasya leelayaa malayaadhruma samam Kerala….” - Vikramankadevacharitha - Kavi Bilhana (11th Century C.E) The Earliest extant Kerala (Malabar) literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today. The vernacular language of Kerala (i.e Keralabhasha) referred to as 'Tamizh' in the Kerala literary works possessed its own phonological and morphological features distinct from the 'Tamizh' of the inhabitants East of the Ghats (i.e Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda) in Indian history. For Example: "Sri vedavyaasa mahaarishi aruli cheyytha brahmaanda puraanathin madhyabhaagathe itha njaan tamizhaayi kondu ariyikkunnen" - Malayalam - Brahmanda Puranam (14th Century C.E) The manuscripts and inscriptions of Kerala in Grantha, Vattezhuthu, Kolezhuthu etc until the 18th century C.E is able to show the linguistic continuity of our Malayalam language since the 9th Century C.E as consisting of nasalised and non-nasalised words (ex. ninnu, ninru etc) or words with and without the diphthong ai (ex. kara, karai etc) or the use of verbs with and without personal endings (ex. cholli, chonnal etc) as well as Sanskrit derivatives (Ex. thevan (deva), pakkaran (bhaskara), keyavan (keshava), kirithan (krishna), kandan (skanda) etc) For Example: “Purakizhanadu moothakooru vazhumavar vannu thiruvadiye thozhuthal moonnazhiyal ayiranaazhi ari koduthu iraiyipikkadavar”- Malayalam - Thirunelli Inscription- 10th century C.E For Example: "Maadhavi mandhasmitham cheyythu kumppittu ninru madhuryatharavacha vasviyottu chonnal" - Malayalam - Mahabharatham - 16th Century C.E For Example: "Kollamaandu ennoottirupathinalu makaramasam avanaparambil kandan vazhakkarai kanakka balikkal pani cheyyiththu" -Malayalam - Vettikkavala Inscription - 17th Century C.E The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc as consisting of common/similar Sanskrit derivatives and common/similar words and other such common/similar grammatical features including personal endings as found in the inscriptions or manuscripts or in the colloquial language including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today. ‘The view that Malayalam as having diverged from Tamil is certainly wrong, as we can see from the several archaic features of Malayalam.” - David Dean Shulman (linguist) : "The preservation of many early linguistic features in Malayalam and the altered reflections of those features in Tamil point to the differentiation between the East coast (Tamil area) and the West coast (Malayalam area)” - A. Govindankutty Menon (linguist) : Only Kerala has the richest and longest history of Manipravalam and the 14th century treatise Lilatilakam, the only descriptive meta-text on Manipravalam defines it as the union of Sanskrit and Kerala-Bhasha (i.e Malayalam) as opposed to the union of Sanskrit with Pandya, Chola, Andhra or other regional south Indian languages. : For Example: Sakala phalasamriddhyai keralanaam prathaapam periya parashuramasyaajnjaaya yathra nithyam kanivodu mazha kaalam paarthupaarthar bhakaanaam janani mulakoduppaan ennapole varunnu” - Manipravalam (Malayalam-Sanskrit) - Candrotsavam (15th century C.E) The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today.

Moovendar pride of tamil

Malayalis and Tamils have a natural brotherhood bond unlike the rest of the states. We'll fight for silly politics sometimes but end of the day we're mama machans wherever we go ❤️🤌. Even Stalin and Pinrayi vijayan are very close buddies. I think we should act together always

@Rambuttan Bhutan why this hatred retard , I can spew far more cuss stereotype as well ,but I don't wanna hurt other malayalis too because of people like you.

@Rambuttan Bhutan don't act like a lowlife , there are many communities living here peacefully not a single violence happened here. Your sub zero IQ level tells you know nothing about polity. Language psychos are mostly limited to social media they're followers of DMK. Not everyone are like that. Amit Shah literally said not to engage with people of Kerala or you'll get dirty in Karnataka just one month back and you remain a slave to him? No sane self respecting malayali would do that. I love India like we all do, but more than that we should put culture. Only insecure people will consider some other person higher and themselves cheaper , you seem to from that stock, please change your thoughts dude.

Peoples In Kerala, Before 8th century they spoke Tamil, after that Aryans (namboothiri & Nair) migrated to Kerala , Tamil mixed with Sanskrit then Malayalam formed

കുഴിച്ചുമൂടിയ ചരിത്രം മിക്കവാറും കുഴിച്ചു മൂടപ്പെടേണ്ടത് തന്നെയാണ് കുറെ രാജാക്കന്മരുടെ സ്തുതിഗീതങ്ങൾ മാത്രമാണത് എന്നാൽ യഥാർത്ഥ ചരിത്രം പലതും ഇപ്പോൾ വിദേശ ചരിത്രകാരന്മാർ കണ്ടെത്തുന്നുണ്ട് ഉദാഹരണം പോറസും അലക്സാണ്ടറും തമ്മിലുള്ള യുദ്ധം നമ്മൾ പഠിച്ചത് പോറസ് തോറ്റു എന്നാണ് എന്നാവപുതിയ കണ്ടെത്തൽ ഇതല്ല did alexander defeat porus എന്ന് യൂട്യൂബിൽ നോക്കുക റഷ്യൻ ഹിസ്റ്റോറിയൻ അഭിപ്രായം നോക്കുക

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

@@nejmalhussain8134 മുഗളന്മാരുടെ വീരവാദങ്ങൾ മാത്രം പോരല്ലോ

ബാബർ മുതൽ ഔറംഗസീബ് വരെയുള്ള ആൾക്കാരെ കൃത്യമായി അറിയാം.. പക്ഷെ ഏറ്റവും കൂടുതൽ കാലം ഭരിച്ച മൗര്യ സാമ്രാജ്യത്തെപ്പറ്റി എത്ര ആൾക്കാർക്കറിയാം?? നമ്മൾ പഠിക്കുന്ന ചരിത്രം, "അവർ" പഠിപ്പിക്കുന്ന ചരിത്രം മാത്രമാണ്...

Sir, Here is a Map of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) during the Maurya Empire of India. -- upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Maurya_Empire%2C_c.250_BCE_2.png --

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

@@Nithin90 whatever you say doesn't matter. History is well written and all the sculptuers of kerala are only in tamil.before 500 years there is no language called malayalam. Tamil language 2000 years old. And all malayalees before 500 years were talking sanga tamil which now mixed with sanskrit words and formed a language called malayalam. Don't try to change the history. History is already proved. You just don't want to prove anymore.

"Oh Uthiyan Seralathan, Even if the day loses it's lustre, and the Four Vedas fail to propagate the truth, you will reign gloriously forever" - Sangam Literature (purananuru) Please don't support the dishonest historians sir. The kings of Kerala are referred to as 'Kerala, Keralaputhra, Keraladhinatha, Keralakularaja, Keralavarma etc' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have referred to our Malayali kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E in Indian history as it is our Malayali kings alone in the historical accounts of Kerala since the 9th Century C.E as consisting of the chieftain Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Kurumpiyathiri of Kurumpranadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Vellathiri of Valluvanadu, Onathiri of Odanadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc who were the rulers of Kerala (Malabar) until the 18th Century C.E in Kerala history. : For Example: The 15th century inscription of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Jayasimha Deva' of Kollam (i.e Kolambhapuri in Sanskrit) as the 'Crowned Monarch' of the 'Chera Lineage' in Matrilineal succession whereas the 16th century inscription of Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Ramavarma Maharaja' of Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) as the 'Royal Descent' of the mythological king 'Seraman Perumal Nayanar' in Matrilineal succession hence even the foreign traveler Ibn battuta in the 14th Century C.E have also stated that "In Malabar (Kerala), the Kings transmit their sovereignty only to their sisters Son". : The origin of Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal inheritance is attributed to the mandate of 'Parashurama' in an epoch known as 'Treta Yuga' in the Kerala tradition thereby as per the traditional Kerala history, a King of Kerala or 'Cheraman' known as 'Ramavarma' had once ruled the entire land from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari after Lord Parashurama in an epoch known as 'KalI Yuga' and he divided the land among the nobles and his throne among his nephew (i.e mahodhayapattanam king) and his crown among his son (i.e kolambhapattanam king) with Kodungallur (i.e thiruvanchikulam) and Kollam (i.e thenvanchi) as their capital within the Kerala-Kingdom (i.e Keraladesha, Keralavishaya etc) hence even the foreign traveler Friar Jordanus in the 14th Century have also stated that “In this India (Kerala) never do even the sons of great kings or nobles inherit the goods of their parents, but only the sons of their sisters" : Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) : The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e sera nadu in tamil) ex. Paripadal. : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam chera' and 'second chera' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language hence the Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of the local Tamil Nadu mythology by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history. : The chieftains of Kerala (i.e Malanadu) such as ‘Chadayan Karunanthar, Sri Vallabhan Karunanthadakan, Vikramaditya Varagunan’ etc as occupying Vizhinjam, Aruviyoor etc in history are belonging to the lineage of the Yadavas and it is known in history that in the 13th century, the Venadu king ‘Kotha Marthanda Varma' sister Umadevi married the Yadava chieftain Jayasimha and their son ‘Ravivarma Kulashekharan’ became the King of Venadu as per the matrilineal order of succession. : These Yadava chieftains of Kerala has never referred to themselves as 'Ay' or 'Ay dynasty' in any of their inscriptions. The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera nadu in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

@@Nithin90 dude get help... you have weird obsession with Tamils like nazis have with jews.... relax and stop spewing fake news everywhere..your posts are everywhere... seems you want to disassociate your identity from Tamils so bad.... your ancestors spoke tamil..were tamilans.... ruled by tamil kings..... good luck,take care... one day you will see the light.. dont live a hateful life..accept realities

​@@satheshkumar945 Dude, Your Tamil Nadu ancestors were known as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history whereas the people of Kerala (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) including the Kings were.referred to as 'Kerala' and 'Malayala' alone in Indian history. The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today. it is an open-fact that the south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to the various Malayali kings of Kerala or Malayala (Malabar) by their hereditary titles such as Ramaghata Mushaka (i.e Vallabhapattanam king), Vira Kerala (i.e Mahodhayapattanam king), Kupaka (Kolambhapattanam king) etc as situated in the present day Kerala as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th Century C.E as it is the kings of Kerala (i.e Keraladesha in Sanskrit) or Malabar (i.e Malayalam) as consisting of the Kshatriyas aka Samantas (w/ Sacred Thread) referred to as 'Kovil Adhikarikal, Chakravarthikal, Naduvazhikal etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history who were titled as 'Kerala or Chera or Malayala' in all of known Indian history. For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-Jaathi inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The Sanskrit term 'Braahmana' is written as 'Paarppana' in the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Kammalar, Maravar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in Tamil Nadu history were referred to as Suthira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is an open fact that Ezhava, Pulaya, Paraya etc were common-castes names of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the past as For Example, The South Indian Inscriptions of the Chola kings' as translated by the Epigraphist E. Hultzsch refers to various settlements of the caste-group Ezhavas (Ezhaseri), Paraiyas (Paraiseri), Pulaiyas (Pulaiseri) etc in Tamil Nadu between the 10th Century and 11th Century C.E. The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc).

Which community bro are you , I'm not castist but just for clarification you are saying you are cheras but how

You are idiot or acting like double idiot?

But your not Tamil only Tamils are cheras orgin

@@padmasivakumarsiva8419 പോടാ

K. Mavali Rajan (historian) - "The 'pulaiyan' and 'pulaitti' (the feminine form of pulaiyan) of Tamil society were referred to as 'izhcinan' (outcaste, low or uncivilized person), and 'izhipirappalan (person of low birth, outcaste) in the Early Tamil text Purananuru." These Tamil teams here are deliberately lying to the ignorant Malayali Hindus to create their own false narrative of Kerala history. For Example: "The social stratification of Sangam Tamil Society was confined to the Uyarpirappalar or High Born as comprising of the Paarppanar (Brahmanas), Arasar (Rajas) etc and the Izhipirappalar or Low Born." - R. Gurukkal (historian) The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The 8th Century Velvikudi inscription of the Pandi King of Tamil Nadu refers to himself as the descendant of the Rig Vedic King 'Pururavas' as according to the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in history were referred to as Suttira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc). The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women"

Madam, The invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the Chola king in his Sanskrit inscription has stated that "he had crossed sahya mountains (western ghats) and destroyed the Kerala king and his country (Kerala) protected by the chief of the Brigus (i.e Lord Parashurama - Ex. "Jithva Kerala Bhupathim Brigupatheschithva Thapo Rakshitham Prithvim") which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) - "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" It was the tradition among the Hindus of Kerala that a legendary king titled as 'Cheraman Perumal, Cheraman Thampuran, Cheraman Ramavarma etc' of the Kerala (Malabar) tradition aka 'Vira Kerala Chakravarthi' had once divided his possessions between Gokarnam and Kanyakumari as well as his 'Sceptre (chenkol), Crown (mudi), Sword (val) etc' among his nephews and sons of the Kerala-Country (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) as consisting of 'Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc' and ascended up to heaven unlike the tradition current among the 'Muslims, Christians etc' of Kerala (Malabar) history. For Example: Diego de Couto (16th Century) - "It is the tradition among the Christians of Malabar (Kerala) that a 'Xarao Perimal' (Cheraman Perumal) of Cranganore (Kodungallur) was so very well affected to them and that through them he was converted to Christianity and persuaded to go to Meliapor (Mylapore in Tamil Nadu)" The term 'Chera, Cheraman etc' in the folk-songs of Kerala are denoting the Kerala (Malabar) kings of 'Kodungallur' aka Mahodayapuram (Thiruvanchikulam) referred to as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit since pre-portuguese period who gave the Christians, Muslims, Jews etc a place to trade and live in Kerala and not any mythological 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu literary works or the fictional 'Chera Perumal' of the 18th century 'Keralolpathi' literary work etc.

Dear sir. You told truth👍👍👍 I have a big salute to you.. .. You have know real history of chera.. Emperor chera or cheramar...

@@prosperityfoods9252 Sir, Why don't your fellow Tamilans teach that the kings referred to as 'Seran, Seralan, Seraman etc' in their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures and Post-Sangam Literatures' (Ex. Ilango adikal, Kulashekhara alwar, Kazharitarivar nayanar etc) were the 'Pulaya-caste' (aka cheruman) of Kerala (Malabar) history renamed as 'Cheramaar' by Pambady John Joseph since the 20th Century in their schools ? For Example: K. Mavali Rajan (Tamilan historian) - "The 'pulaiyan' and 'pulaitti' (the feminine form of pulaiyan) of Tamil society were referred to as 'izhicinan' (outcaste, low or uncivilized person), and 'izhipirappalan (person of low birth, outcaste) in the Early Tamil text Purananuru." The 'Muslims, Christians etc' of Kerala also has no intention of teaching that the Kings referred to as 'Chera, Cheraman etc' in their folklores who were converted to 'Islam, Christianity etc' were the 'Pulaya-caste' (aka cheruman) of Kerala (Malabar) history as your only intention is to cause commotion and disunity among Malayali Hindus while your Tamilan historians are teaching a grand history as based on their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures and Post-Sangam Literatures' in schools all over india. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10.

Aryan crossbreed Nair spotted

Malayali is also Tamilian. To say it clearly it is always said as 'chera, chozha, pandiyar'. Chera is placed first in the order. So Malayalis are Tamils... That is the truth.

South Indian love ❤️

Love from Thiruvanchikulam

South Indians Stay United, In Everything. Hail Dravidam , Hail Tamil.

We are all Dravidian , no Tamil, no malayali

We are south 🔥🔥

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

சேரர்கள் மலையாளிகள்.. சோழர்கள் தெலுங்கர்கள்... கல்வெட்டு ஆதாரங்கள் கூறுகின்றன....

Please ask any honest historians sir. Kerala-desha and Kongu-desha were two different geographical entities until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history and thereafter. The invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the Chola king in his Sanskrit inscription has stated that "he had crossed sahya mountains (western ghats) and destroyed the Kerala king and his country (Kerala) protected by the chief of the Brigus (i.e Lord Parashurama - Ex. "Jithva Kerala Bhupathim Brigupatheschithva Thapo Rakshitham Prithvim") which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. The sovereign of Kerala (Malabar) was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C therefore the south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have also referred to the Kerala (Malabar) kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E as it is our Malayali kings alone in Indian history as consisting of the chieftain Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Kurumpiyathiri of Kurumpranadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Vellathiri of Valluvanadu, Onathiri of Odanadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc who were the rulers of Kerala (i.e Malayala) until the 18th Century C.E in Indian history whereas the people of Tamil Nadu irrespective of caste (Ex. Parppan (Brahmin), Vellalan, Kammalan (Vishwakarma), Paraiyan, Pulaiyan, Kuravan, Kallan etc) were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history until the 12th century C.E and thereafter. Kerala and Tamil Nadu were two different communities that developed in the adjacent regions of the western ghats with commonality in the dynasty of Kings (i.e Kerala) in history but the politics, social system, religious practices, social customs, architecture, festivals, arts etc of Keralam (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) were all quite distinct from Tamil Nadu region since earliest known history. For Example: There are inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings titled as 'Kerala Varma, Keraladhiraja etc' as also found from 'Tirunelveli district, Dindigul district etc' in Tamil Nadu history but these regions of Tamil Nadu historically known as 'Pandi-Nadu, Kongu-Nadu etc' in Indian history was never ever known as 'Kerala or Keralaputhra or, Keraladesha etc' in Indian history. The term 'Chera, Cheraman Thampuran etc' in the folk-songs of Kerala are denoting the Malayali kings of antiquity referred to as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit since pre-portuguese period who gave the Christians, Muslims, Jews etc a place to trade and live in Kerala and not any fictional 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu mythology or the fictional 'Chera Perumal' of the 18th century 'Keralolpathi' mythology etc For Example: Diego de Couto (16th Century) - "It is the tradition among the Christians of Malabar (Kerala) that a 'Xarao Perimal' (Cheraman Perumal) of Cranganore (Kodungallur) was so very well affected to them and that through them he was converted to Christianity and persuaded to go to Meliapor (Mylapore)"

We are brotherse

@@Nithin90 சேரர்கள் மலையாளிகள்... தமிழர்கள் கிடையாது.... சோழர்களில் தெலுங்கும் தமிழும் கலந்தவர்கள்...

Funny Kerala and TN haa no cultural connect

@@stephen6644 kerala hybrids have no connection with tamil, But the native/opressed people of kerala are descendants of chera tamil

Sir, The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan', who is said to have became angry without an enemy worthy to fight and besieged the sea with his spear and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e sera nadu in tamil). : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam chera' and 'second chera' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu hence the Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera-nadu in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

^^^ Stop copy pasting meaningless crap from your "Sambandam" Nampoo father's ass, you fatherless hybrid.

Peoples In Kerala, Before 8th century they spoke Tamil, after that Aryans (namboothiri & Nair) migrated to Kerala , Tamil mixed with Sanskrit then Malayalam formed

@@Nithin90 Their is not even a Single inscriptions before 12th which says about community known as Namboothiri and Nair caste people in Southern India

@@Nithin90 Sanskrit is a Indo - European language Sanskrit did not even had a written script until 1st century

@@Nithin90 Sanskrit is Indo European language

@@Nithin90 This is the history of South India and Dravidian languages

Yes .. they are tamils ..💛

നിങ്ങൾ എന്തിനാ മതം mariyathu

I give a big salute to you👍👍👍.. All Kerala Or indian Christian came from so many hindu community👥👥👥... Some came from sudra these are Syrian Christian...

Brother, Please ask any honest historians. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to the various Malayali kings of Kerala or Malayala (Malabar) by their hereditary titles such as Ramaghata Mushaka (i.e Vallabhapattanam king), Vira Kerala (i.e Mahodhayapattanam king), Kupaka (Kolambhapattanam king) etc as situated in the present day Kerala as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th Century C.E as it is the kings of Kerala (i.e Keraladesha in Sanskrit) or Malabar (i.e Malayalam) as consisting of the Kshatriyas aka Samantas (w/ Sacred Thread) referred to as 'Kovil Adhikarikal, Chakravarthikal, Naduvazhikal etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history who were titled as 'Kerala or Chera or Malayala' in all of known Indian history. For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-Jaathi inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The Sanskrit term 'Braahmana' is written as 'Paarppana' in the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Kammalar, Maravar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in Tamil Nadu history were referred to as Suthira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is an open fact that Ezhava, Pulaya, Paraya etc were common-castes names of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the past as For Example, The South Indian Inscriptions of the Chola kings' as translated by the Epigraphist E. Hultzsch refers to various settlements of the caste-group Ezhavas (Ezhaseri), Paraiyas (Paraiseri), Pulaiyas (Pulaiseri) etc in Tamil Nadu between the 10th Century and 11th Century C.E. The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc).

Yes absolutely correct 😂👏👏

Please remove Sanskrit words from your own local language Tamil. You do not even know that the term 'Sangam' itself is a Sanskrit word. The highest contribution of poems in the so called 'Sangam Literatures' of Tamil Nadu are from Tamilan Brahmin (i.e Paarppana) poets such as Kapilar ,Paranar, Mamulanar, Nakkiran ,Uruththiran Kannan etc as according to Tamilan historians themselves The vernacular language of Kerala (i.e Keralabhasha) referred to as 'Tamizh' in the Kerala literary works possessed its own phonological and morphological features distinct from the 'Tamizh' of the inhabitants East of the Ghats (i.e Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda) in Indian history. For Example: "Sri vedavyaasa mahaarishi aruli cheyytha brahmaanda puraanathin madhyabhaagathe itha njaan tamizhaayi kondu ariyikkunnen" - Malayalam - Brahmanda Puranam (14th Century C.E) The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today.

@@Nithin90 Still Now Its a Mystery.,. Ur Fact is Wrong.,. Lots Of Tamil Words Migrated to Sanskrit.,. Lots Of Sanskrit Words Migrated to Tamil.,. Thats the Real Fact.,.🤗🤗🤗

​@@SelvaKumar-oi2bf Sir, the term Sera, Sora, Pandiya' in Tamil is the modification of the term 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' in Sanskrit just as the term 'Paarppana, Vetha, Saathi, Tamizhakam, Amizhthu, Madurai, Kazhuthai etc' in the local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Brahmana, Veda, Jaathi, Dramidaka, Amritha, Madhura, Gardabha etc'. For Example: According to the historians of Tamil Nadu themselves, the Three kings of 'Sera, Sora, Pandiya' (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya in Sanskrit) or 'Moovendar' were referred to as Uyarpirappalar (i.e High-Born in Tamil) who were entitled to study the Vedas (i.e Vetha or Othu in Tamil) and to conduct the Vedic rituals such as Rajasuya (i.e Irachacuyam in Tamil) and to wear the triple-stranded Sacred Thread (i.e Poonool or Muppirinool in Tamil) like the Brahmanas (i.e Paarppanar in Tamil) unlike the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' such as Kari, the unhistorical chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the unhistorical chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu or Ay-Andiran, the unhistorical chieftain of Pothiyilmalai (thirunelveli district) in Tamil Nadu etc whereas the caste-group such as 'Pulaiyas' etc were referred to as Izhipirappalar (i.e Low-Born in Tamil) who performed the occupations such as burning the dead in the cremation ground etc. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 The Early European linguists of the 19th century have imagined that the term 'Kanji, Kalya, Neer, Dhanda etc in Sanskrit as having derived from the Dravidian word Kanji, Kallu, Neer, Thandu, etc but NOT as having derived from your local language Tamil. The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today.

@@Nithin90 The Tamils ​​who first appeared in Perunad, south of Kumari Point, were the Tamils ​​who once spread throughout India. The Tamils ​​were called Dravidians by the vernaculars. When the Kumari Continent had a sea, some of them went to the North West Asian countries such as Belushitan and Mesopotamia by sea and by land. - Scholar Caldwell

K. Mavali Rajan (Tamilan historian) - "The 'pulaiyan' and 'pulaitti' (the feminine form of pulaiyan) of Tamil society were referred to as 'izhicinan' (outcaste, low or uncivilized person), and 'izhipirappalan (person of low birth, outcaste) in the Early Tamil text Purananuru." These Tamil-teams are deliberately lying to the ignorant Malayali Hindus to create their own false narrative of Kerala history to create confusion among ignorant Malayalis while their Tamilan historians can uninterruptedly teach a grand fraud history as based on their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures and Post-Sangam Literatures' in schools all over India. For Example: Appar (Tamilan Vellalan Poet) - 7th Century C.E - "I will worship the sincere devotee of Lord Shiva even if he is an untouchable 'Pulaiya' who revels in skinning cows and eating its flesh." For Example: "The social stratification of Sangam Tamil Society was confined to the Uyarpirappalar or High Born as comprising of the Paarppanar (Brahmanas), Arasar (Rajas) etc and the Izhipirappalar or Low Born." - R. Gurukkal (historian) The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The 8th Century Velvikudi inscription of the Pandi King of Tamil Nadu refers to himself as the descendant of the Rig Vedic King 'Pururavas' as according to the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in history were referred to as Suttira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc). The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women"

അവരുടെ ഭാഷയെ നശിപ്പിച്ചു. അവരുടെ സംസ്‍കാരത്തെ നശിപ്പിച്ചു. ഇപ്പോൾ അവരെ അവരുടെ നാട്ടിൽ അന്യൻമാരാക്കിയിരിക്കുന്നു..എത്രയോ കൊല്ലങ്ങൾ നിലനിന്ന അടിമത്തം അത് കഴിഞ്ഞു ഇന്നും അനുഭവിക്കുന്ന അവഗണനകൾ,ചരിത്രം പോലും നീതി നൽകാത്ത ഒരു ജനത... എന്ന് എങ്കിലും ഒരു മാറ്റം വരട്ടെ..

@@steninjoy4899 അല്ല ഈ നാടിന്റെ ഉടമകളെ കുറിച്ച് പറഞ്ഞതാണ്..

@@steninjoy4899 ചേരൻ മാരുടെ പിന്മുറക്കാർ... ഇന്നും ദുരിതം അനുഭവിക്കുന്ന, നൂറ്റാണ്ടുകളായി അടിമകളായി ജീവിക്കേണ്ടി വന്ന ജനത, കാലിചന്തകളിലെ കാലികളെ പോലെ അടിമചന്തകളിൽ വിൽപ്പനക്ക് വെച്ച മനുഷ്യ ജന്മങ്ങൾ..

@@steninjoy4899 അതേ മലയാള ഭാഷ ഉണ്ടായിട്ടു എത്ര കൊല്ലം ആയി എന്ന് നോക്കിയാൽ അറിയാം.. *അടിമകളാക്കി എന്നതാണ്* *ഉചിതമായ പ്രയോഗം* ... കേരള ചരിത്രത്തിലെ പല പ്രമുഖ ചരിത്രകാരൻ മാരും ഈ ചോദ്യം കേട്ടാൽ അത് വിഴുങ്ങും .. ചരിത്രം പോലും നീതി നൽകാത്ത ഒരു ജനതയുടെ നിലവിളക്ക് ചരിത്രത്തിൽ പ്രാധാന്യം ഉണ്ടാകുമോ??നിങ്ങളുടെ ചോദ്യത്തിനു ഉള്ള ഉത്തരം ഇവിടെ പറഞ്ഞാൽ ഈ കമന്റ് ബോക്സ്‌ നിറയെ ജാതിയത നിറയും.. So I'm not going to answer this..

Sir, Thangal innu 'ചേര സാമ്രാജ്യം' ennu vilikunna vaakinte samskritha bhaasha roopamaanu 'കേരളം' (i.e Kerala in Sanskrit) athukondu keraliya charithrathilum keralamenna bhoopradeshathe Cheramaan-naadu Cheramaan-loka Chera-bhoomiyennumellaam orikal visheshipichirunnu athupole panthirandaam noottaandu c.e vare tamil naattil ninnum vanna raajavamsha akramikal Keralathile raajavamshathe ‘Sera’ athava 'Seralan' ennum visheshipichirunnu kaaranam samskritha bhaasha roopamaaya ‘Kerala’ enna vaakkinte deshabhaasha thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sera athava Seralan’ ennathu athupole ‘Pandya’ enna samskritha vaakkinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Pandi athava Pandiyan’ ennathu athupole ‘Chola’ enna samskritha vaakinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sora athava Soran’ ennathu. Please ask any honest historians sir. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to the various Malayali kings of Kerala or Malayala (Malabar) by their hereditary titles such as Ramaghata Mushaka (i.e Vallabhapattanam king), Vira Kerala (i.e Mahodhayapattanam king), Kupaka (Kolambhapattanam king) etc as situated in the present day Kerala as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th Century C.E as it is the kings of Kerala (i.e Keraladesha in Sanskrit) or Malabar (i.e Malayalam) as consisting of the Kshatriyas aka Samantas (w/ Sacred Thread) referred to as 'Kovil Adhikarikal, Chakravarthikal, Naduvazhikal etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history who were titled as 'Kerala or Chera or Malayala' in all of known Indian history. For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-Jaathi inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C For Example: The west-coast of India referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the foreign travelers since the 6th Century C.E as bounded by the Malayadri mountains (western ghats) to the East and the Ocean to the West is known as the 'Malayalam Country' or 'Keralam' in all of known Indian history as For Example, the 11th century Sanskrit Poet Bilhana in his work refers to several kingdoms as having surrendered to the King Vikrama (1076 - 1126 C.E) of Karnataka including Konkana (konkan region), Alupa (tulu region), Chola, Pandya etc whereas the poet Bilhana mentions that the Elephants of the King Vikrama as having stirred the sandalwood trees on the Malaya Mountains (western ghats) in his conquest of Kerala.- For Example: “Abhajyantha gajaisthasya leelayaa malayaadhruma samam Kerala….” - Vikramankadevacharitha - Kavi Bilhana (11th Century C.E) The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The Sanskrit term 'Braahmana' is written as 'Paarppana' in the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Kammalar, Maravar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in Tamil Nadu history were referred to as Suthira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature) The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. : For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc).

Read cheran varalaru by Avvai.Natarajan

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : Ivide vivarashunyaraaya palarum pala thonnivasam parayumpol tamil naattile charithrakaranmar parayunathu avarude naattile pandi raajavum chola raajavumokke aviduthe 'sangam' krithikalil 'paarppanan' ennu visheshipichirunna braahmanane pole uyarnna jaathiyilpetta poonool dharichirunna raajakkalayirunnennaanu athupole pathirandaam noottaandu c.e vare tamil naattil ninnum vanna raajavamsha akramikal Keralathile raajavamshathe ‘SeRa’ ennum visheshipichirunnu kaaranam samskritha bhaasha roopamaaya ‘Kerala’ enna vaakkinte deshabhaasha thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sera athava Seralan’ ennathu athupole ‘Pandya’ enna samskritha vaakkinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Pandi athava Pandiyan’ ennathu athupole ‘Chola’ enna samskritha vaakinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sora athava Soran’ ennathu athukondu keraliya charithrathilum keralamenna bhoopradeshathe Cheramaan-naadu Cheramaan-loka Chera-bhoomiyennumellaam orikal visheshipichirunnu udhaharanathinu tamil naattile raajaavaayirunna Raja Raja Cholante kaalaghattathile rekhagalilkoodi prakyaapikkunnathennaal avarude padayaalikal Parashuramante srishtiyaaya bhoomiye akramichirunnuvennum aviduthe Vizhinjam Kollam Kodungallurenna nagarangal mattum keezhadakki swanthamaakkiyennumaanu aprakaaram Keralamenna bhoopradesham Parashuramante srishtiyaayirunnenna praacheena keraliya paaramparyam pandu paradeshikalkum ariyappettirunnuvennum kaanaam.

War and love were two sides of the same coin for ancient Tamils. e.g. Akananooru, Purananooru.

By the same logic, there shouldn't be any countries in the world. There will be a central government. No border and no country is permanent. Today's ally will be tomorrow's enemy.

അബലം പ്രാകൃത ഭാഷ വാക്കാണ് . ക്ഷേത്രം സംസ്കൃത വാക്കാണ് . ഇന്ത്യയിൽ , സംസ്കൃതം ആരുടെയും മാതൃഭാഷ ആയിരുന്നില്ല . അതു ബ്രാഹ്മണ മേധാവിത്വം ഉള്ളവർക്കു മാത്രമായി പരിമിതമായി അനുവദിച്ചിട്ടുള്ളതാണ് . അന്തർ ജനത്തിനും അനുവാദം ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നില്ല . അവർ സാധാരണകാരുടെ ഭാഷയായ പ്രാകൃതം മാത്രമേ സംസാരിക്കാൻ അനുവാദം ഉള്ളോ . ഇതൊക്കെ ചരിത്രതിൻ്റെ ഇരുളടഞ്ഞ വശങ്ങളാണ് .

@@johnpushparajkr8140 നന്നി

തമിഴ് ഭാഷക്ക് 10000 മേൽ വര്ഷങ്ങളുടെ പഴക്കമുണ്ട്. സംസ്കൃതം 800 A.D. ക്ക് ശേഷം വന്നതാണ് , പൗരാണിക ഭാഷകൾ ആയ പാലിയുടെയും പ്രകൃത് ഭാഷയുടെയും സങ്കര ഭാഷ ആണ് സംസ്കൃതം.

Sir, The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) ex. Paripadal. : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam age' and 'second chera empire' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language hence the 'Chera' aka Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : For Example: The term 'Vendar or Vendan' in Tamil is the modification of the Sanskrit word 'Indra' as attested by Tamil Nadu historians themselves hence the kings of Kerala were titled as 'Keralendra' meaning 'the Indra or the king of Kerala' in Kerala history itself just as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit since the 3rd century B.C as the Oldest literary works of Kerala and the inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings itself refers to only three main political entities or Trikshatra in Sanskrit (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya) in Dramida or Dramidaka (KL and TN) just as the Oldest literary works of Tamil Nadu itself refers to only three main political entities or Muvendar in Tamil (i.e Sera, Sora, Pandiya) in Tamizhakam (i.e Dramidaka in Sanskrit). : The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of the local Tamil Nadu mythology by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history. : The chieftains of Kerala (i.e Malanadu) such as ‘Chadayan Karunanthar, Sri Vallabhan Karunanthadakan, Vikramaditya Varagunan’ etc as occupying Vizhinjam, Aruviyoor etc in history are belonging to the lineage of the Yadavas and it is known in history that in the 13th century, the Venadu king ‘Kotha Marthanda Varma' sister Umadevi married the Yadava chieftain Jayasimha and their son ‘Ravivarma Kulashekharan’ became the King of Venadu as per the matrilineal order of succession. : These Yadava chieftains of Kerala has never referred to themselves as 'Ay' or 'Ay dynasty' in any of their inscriptions. The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. : The literary works now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

Njangal ambalam Enna parayunne

Cheras love Kerala. Atleast Chenguttuvan built the Kodungallur Temple in Thrissur but what is the contribution of Cholas in Kerala? The Cholas hated the Cheras. Look up to the "Battle of Kandalur Salai".

Jai Kannagi of Chera Nadu 🔥

K. Mavali Rajan (Tamilan historian) - "The 'pulaiyan' and 'pulaitti' (the feminine form of pulaiyan) of Tamil society were referred to as 'izhicinan' (outcaste, low or uncivilized person), and 'izhipirappalan (person of low birth, outcaste) in the Early Tamil text Purananuru." The main intention of these Malayalam speakers of Pandi ancestry is to create confusion and commotion among ignorant Malayalis while their Tamilan historians can uninterruptedly teach a grand fraud history as based on their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures and Post-Sangam Literatures' in schools all over India.

They killed each other

@@govind6588 போட்டி இல்லை என்றால் நாகரிகமும் வரலாறும் பண்பாடும் வளர்ந்திருக்காது .ஒருவர் மேன்மை அடைய தன் திறமையை வெளிப்படுத்த வேண்டும்.வெற்றியும் தோல்வியும் வீரர்களுக்கு அழகுதான். தமிழர்கள் கடைபிடித்த உயரிய மாண்பே விழுப்புண் மார்பில் தாங்கி இருத்தல் வேண்டும். அப்போது தான் அவனைப் பெற்ற தாய் அகம் மகிழ்வாள்.மாறாக முதுகில் விழுப்புண் பட்டால் அது அவமானமாக தமிழர் கருதினர்.அது தவறல்ல. மூவேந்தர்கள் தமிழ் மீது அளப்பரிய பற்றும், பாசமும் கொண்டவர்கள்.தங்கள் தாய்மொழியை ஒருபோதும் விட்டுக் கொடுக்காதவர்கள். நீதி , அறம் சார்ந்து ஆட்சி நடத்திய மற்றும் மாண்பாளர்கள். நெறி வழுவாதவர்கள்.அப்படியே தப்பித் தவறி நெறி பிறழ்ந்து வாழ நேரிட்டால் தம் உயிரையும் தியாகம் செய்பவர்களாக மூவேந்தர்கள் வாழ்ந்து உள்ளனர்.மூவேந்தர் புகழ் ஓங்குக இத்தரணியில்.

தமிழ் நாட்டை தாண்டி கேரளா ஆந்திரா கர்நாடகா என எவரும் திராவிடன் என்பதை ஒருபோதும் ஏற்றுக்கொள்வதில்லை. ஆனால் இவர்கள் திராவிட போர்வையில் தமிழர்கள் உணர்வுகளுடன் அரசியல் செய்பவர்கள்.. திராவிடம் என்ற சொல் ஏமாற்றும் சொல்... தமிழர் வளங்களையும் வாய்ப்புகளை சுரண்ட மற்றவர்கள் பயன்படுத்தி கொள்ளும் சொல்

Tamizh vaazhka.... kal thontri man thontaa kaalatthe thontriya moottha kudi..... Tamizhukk amuzhthentru per.... 👍👍👍👍

You are right sir, you are learning local Tamil Nadu mythology as history. For Example : Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e seralam) ex. Paripadal There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C)

Vardhan parayunnillallo oru charitrattilum.

Ysssssss 🙏🙏🙏🙏

തമിഴ് പാരബര്യം ഉള്ള , പണ്ടയ വിശാല തമിഴ്കത്തിലെ പശ്ചിമഘട്ടത്തിന്റെ പടിഞ്ഞാറ് , തമിഴ് പാരബര്യം ഉള്ള ചേരനാട്ടിലേ ഭാഗമായ ( മലനാട്ടിൽ ) കേരളത്തിൽ ശക്തമായ വർഷക്കാലം , തീരദേശ പ്രദേശങ്ങൾ , കര വൈക്കലും കര എടുക്കലും ആയിരുന്നു . അടർത്തിയുള്ള കാട്ട് വനപ്രദേശങ്ങൾ ഉള്ളതായിരുന്നു ( മലനാട് ) കേരളം അതുകൊണ്ട് ഇവിടെ സാംസ്കാരികമായി കിഴക്കിനേ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് , ( മലനാട്ടിൽ ) കേരളത്തിൽ ജീവിതനിലവാരം സാംസ്കാരികമായി വളരെ പുരകിലായിരുന്നു . ഇവിടെയുള്ള ജനത ഗോത്ര സാദൃശ്യമുള്ള ജീവിതമാണ് നയിച്ചിരുന്നത് . ഈ കാലഘട്ടം ( Meghalithic) മഹാ ശിലായുഗം എന്നാണ് അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത് . ഈ കാലഘട്ടത്തിൽ ആര്യ ബ്രാഹ്മണ സഘകൾ കൂട്ടം കൂട്ടമായി , പൊതു വർഷം ആരും ഏഴും നൂറ്റാണ്ടുകളിൽ കൃഷിയിടങ്ങൾ തേടിയുള്ള യാത്രയിൽ കേരളത്തിൽ കുടിയേറി താമസമാക്കി . ഈ മലയാള ബ്രാഹ്മണർ നമ്പൂതിരി ചമഞ്ഞ് സമൂഹത്തിൽ ആധിപത്യം സ്ഥാപിച്ചു . കേരളത്തിൽ ബ്രാഹ്മണരുടെ സാമൂഹിക ഇടപെടൽ മൂലം ( കൊടുന്തമിഴ് + സംസ്കൃതം > മണിപ്രവാളം > മലയാളം ) പൊതു വർഷം ഒൻപതാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടു ( C . E ) 9 മുതൽക്കണ് മലയാള ഭാഷയും സംസ്കാരവും ഉരുത്തിരിഞ്ഞു വരുന്നത് . മലയാള വർഷം ( കൊല്ല വർഷം. ) തുടങ്ങുന്നത് പൊതു വർഷം ( C . E ) 825 മുതൽക്കണ് . ഇതിന് മുൻപ് കാലം എല്ലാം കൊണ്ടും കേരളത്തിന്റെ ചരിത്രാതീത കാലഘട്ടമായി കരുതാനേ കഴിയുകയുള്ളൂ . ഒൻപതാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടു മുതൽക്ക്ള്ള ഭാഷാ രൂപം ശിലാരേഖകളിൽനിന്നും ചെപ്പേടുകളിൽ നിന്നും മനസ്സിലാക്കാം . ഏകദേശം 830 മുതൽ 1400 വരെ ഇരുനൂറോളം രേഖകൾ കിട്ടിയതാണ് പറയുന്നത് .

പഴയ ചേരൻ ഇപ്പോൾ ചേരമർ

Old chera Dynasty's decendants are

എന്ന് നീ പറഞ്ഞത്കൊണ്ട്കാര്യമായില്ല അതിന് തെളിവ് നീ തരണം ചേരമാരാണ് പുലയർ അല്ലങ്കിൽ ചേരന്മാർ

ചേരൻമാർ ഇപ്പോഴത്തെ ചേരമരാണെന്ന് നീ സങ്കസാഹിത്യംവെച്ച് തെളിയിക്കണം അപ്പോൾ

ചേരൻമാർ പുലയരാണെന്ന് സങ്കസാഹിത്യംവെച്ച് തെളിവ് നാൻ തരാം കേട്ടോടാ

Tamil 🔥💛

Please don't support the dishonest historians sir. The kings of Kerala are referred to as 'Kerala, Keralaputhra, Keraladhinatha, Keralakularaja, Keralavarma etc' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have referred to our Malayali kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E in Indian history as it is our Malayali kings alone in the historical accounts of Kerala since the 9th Century C.E as consisting of the chieftain Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Kurumpiyathiri of Kurumpranadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Vellathiri of Valluvanadu, Onathiri of Odanadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc who were the rulers of Kerala (Malabar) until the 18th Century C.E in Kerala history. : For Example: The 15th century inscription of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Jayasimha Deva' of Kollam (i.e Kolambhapuri in Sanskrit) as the 'Crowned Monarch' of the 'Sera Lineage' in Matrilineal succession whereas the 16th century inscription of Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Ramavarma Maharaja' of Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) as the 'Royal Descent' of the mythological king 'Seraman Perumal Nayanar' in Matrilineal succession hence even the foreign traveler Ibn battuta in the 14th Century C.E have also stated that "In Malabar (Kerala), the Kings transmit their sovereignty only to their sisters Son". : The origin of Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal inheritance is attributed to the mandate of 'Parashurama' in an epoch known as 'Treta Yuga' in the Kerala tradition thereby as per the traditional Kerala history, a King of Kerala or 'Cheraman' known as 'Ramavarma' had once ruled the entire land from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari after Lord Parashurama in an epoch known as 'KalI Yuga' and he divided the land among the nobles and his throne among his nephew (i.e mahodhayapattanam king) and his crown among his son (i.e kolambhapattanam king) with Kodungallur (i.e thiruvanchikulam) and Kollam (i.e thenvanchi) as their capital within the Kerala-Kingdom (i.e Keraladesha, Keralavishaya etc) hence even the foreign traveler Friar Jordanus in the 14th Century have also stated that “In this India (Kerala) never do even the sons of great kings or nobles inherit the goods of their parents, but only the sons of their sisters" : Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) : The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) ex. Paripadal. : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam age' and 'second chera empire' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language hence the 'Chera' aka Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : For Example: The term 'Vendar or Vendan' in Tamil is the modification of the Sanskrit word 'Indra' as attested by Tamil Nadu historians themselves hence the kings of Kerala were titled as 'Keralendra' meaning 'the Indra or the king of Kerala' in Kerala history itself just as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit since the 3rd century B.C as the Oldest literary works of Kerala and the inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings itself refers to only three main political entities or Trikshatra in Sanskrit (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya) in Dramida or Dramidaka (KL and TN) just as the Oldest literary works of Tamil Nadu itself refers to only three main political entities or Muvendar in Tamil (i.e Sera, Sora, Pandiya) in Tamizhakam (i.e Dramidaka in Sanskrit). : The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of the local Tamil Nadu mythology by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history. : The chieftains of Kerala (i.e Malanadu) such as ‘Chadayan Karunanthar, Sri Vallabhan Karunanthadakan, Vikramaditya Varagunan’ etc as occupying Vizhinjam, Aruviyoor etc in history are belonging to the lineage of the Yadavas and it is known in history that in the 13th century, the Venadu king ‘Kotha Marthanda Varma' sister Umadevi married the Yadava chieftain Jayasimha and their son ‘Ravivarma Kulashekharan’ became the King of Venadu as per the matrilineal order of succession. : These Yadava chieftains of Kerala has never referred to themselves as 'Ay' or 'Ay dynasty' in any of their inscriptions. The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

@@Nithin90 There was no keala before 2000 years , both kerala and tamil nadu were part of thamizhakam

Please ask any honest historians sir. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to the various Malayali kings of Kerala or Malayala (Malabar) by their hereditary titles such as Ramaghata Mushaka (i.e Vallabhapattanam king), Vira Kerala (i.e Mahodhayapattanam king), Kupaka (Kolambhapattanam king) etc as situated in the present day Kerala as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th Century C.E as it is the kings of Kerala (i.e Keraladesha in Sanskrit) or Malabar (i.e Malayalam) as consisting of the Kshatriyas aka Samantas (w/ Sacred Thread) referred to as 'Kovil Adhikarikal, Chakravarthikal, Naduvazhikal etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history who were titled as 'Kerala or Chera or Malayala' in all of known Indian history. For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-Jaathi inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The term 'Ketalaputo, Damira, Bambbana, Raya, Vanna etc' in the local north Indian literary works or Prakrit inscriptions since the 3rd century B.C are the phonetic modifications of the Sanskrit word 'Keralaputra, Dramida, Brahmana, Raja, Varna etc' in history just as the term 'Seralam, Tamizhakam, Parppanar, Arasar, Sathi etc' in the local Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu now called as 'Sangam Literature' (i.e purananuru, akananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as dated between the 8th century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous historians are the phonetic modification of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Dramidaka, Brahmana, Raja, Jathi etc' in history. For Example: The Sanskrit term 'Braahmana' is written as 'Paarppana' in the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) as dated between 8th Century C.E and 13th Century C.E by numerous scholars refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Kammalar, Maravar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in Tamil Nadu history were referred to as Suthira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10 It is an open fact that Ezhava, Pulaya, Paraya etc were common-castes names of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the past as For Example, The South Indian Inscriptions of the Chola kings' as translated by the Epigraphist E. Hultzsch refers to various settlements of the caste-group Ezhavas (Ezhaseri), Paraiyas (Paraiseri), Pulaiyas (Pulaiseri) etc in Tamil Nadu between the 10th Century and 11th Century C.E. The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc).

@@akshays949 his 10 paragraph ended by 2lines 😂

India was of different kings and rulers with multi culture and language united at 1947 as india. kerala it has got its own culture beautiful languge and people.

പ്രിയപ്പെട്ട സുഹൃത്തുക്കളെ, ആറാം ക്ലാസ്സുമുതൽ കോളേജ് തലം വരെ എത്തിയിട്ടുള്ള വിദ്യാർഥികൾക്കായി Righteous IAS അക്കാദമി ഒരുക്കുന്ന ഓൺലൈൻ സിവിൽ സർവീസ് ഫൌണ്ടേഷൻ കോഴ്സുകൾ ru-vid.comzYnlxSMXZVI?feature=share

Also one statue at Tiruchendur temple.. Two among 63 Nayanmars were from present Kerala.1) Cheraman Peruman Nayanar and 2) Peru thondan Nayanaar, who was a famous Shiva Adikal from present Chenganur even dared to punish Lord Shiva and his friend great Sundera Moorthy Nayanar for the reason that Sundera Moorthy Nayanar did not salute him while giving lecture at a temple.

@@pkharidasan5993 punish Lord shiva?

Sir, could you please tell me which Modern day Tamilan Dalit-caste was the 'authentic and beautiful' Chola king 'Perunarkilli' who performed the Vedic ritual Rajasuya (i.e Irachacuyam in Tamil) in your local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' as according to your Tamil Nadu historians ? Was it the Pulaiya-caste or Paraiya-caste etc of Tamil Nadu history ? For Example: Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10

Aryan crossbreed Nair spotted

@@benilsingh5294 Is that bad?

​@@Nithin90 sanghi founded in every comments

ഹിസ്റ്ററി only for തമിഴ് language so i think govt. Not intrested. That is political

Nadar...?

ലേക്ഷദേപിൽ 18ആം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിൻ്റെ ഏകദേശം അവസാനം വരെ ആളുകൾ ഇല്ലായിരുന്നു ബ്രിട്ടീഷുകാർ തടങ്കലിൽ parppichirunna കുറ്റവാളികളെ ആളില്ലാത്ത ദീപിൽ കൊണ്ട് ഇട്ടത് ആണ്

Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) The Tamil speaking "Pandi" people of Travancore in Kerala (Malabar) referred to as 'Pandi Pattar,, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Kammala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Kurava etc' have emigrated from 'Madurai, Tirunelveli and other Tamil speaking districts of the East Coast' since the 18th Century but ever since the merger of Kanyakumari district with Madras state (Tamil Nadu), they are all now pretending to be the natives and saviours of Travancore (I e Thiruvankur, Thiruvithankodu etc) in Kerala (Malabar) history. For Example: The Early Christian missionaries including Robert Caldwell since the 19th Century have referred to the Shanars (Nadars) as "very dirty, ignorant and deceitful" and their homeland where they teem in large population as the uninviting barren desert of Thirunelveli and it is these Tamil-speaking immigrant Shanar (Nadar) majority as situated in Travancore from Neyyattinkara to Kanyakumari in Kerala (Malabar) history who campaigned for its inclusion in the Tamil-speaking Madras State (Tamil Nadu) instead of the Malayalam-speaking Kerala state in the 20th Century.

Eezhavas are people from eezham (srilanka)

@@aloshyak8728 any evidence?

@@sajeevanvm8812 The earliest use of the word Eelam or Ezham is found in a Tamil-Brahmi inscription as well as in the Sangam literature. The Tirupparankunram inscription found near Madurai in Tamil Nadu and dated on palaeographical grounds to the 1st century BCE, refers to a person as a householder from Eelam .

Sir, The people of Tamil Nadu or the Tamil-castes who were once referred to as Ezhava, Sandran (Shanar) etc in Tamil Nadu history until the early 20th century who used to migrate between Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka, Kerala etc with the seasonal flow of sap from palmyra trees are now known as 'Nadar, Cantar (shanar) etc today For Example: “Evoor itta thengum panaiyum Ezhavar era peraadaagavum” - Leiden plates of Raja Raja Chola - 10th century C.E : Translation - “The Ezhavas should not climb the Coconut trees and Palmyra trees planted in this village.'

Cheramarude pingamikal aanu ezhavar , ezhavar past lu iranil elam Enna stalathu ninu vanavar aanu avarude rajyavamsham ayirunnu chera raja vamsham aavaril chilar srilangayil settledayyi pinne keralathilek kudiyeri,

@@jjjjjj-hw1rp Show me the inscriptions , where did cheras consider themselves as malayalais!!!! U 😂 joker 🤡!!!!

@@jjjjjj-hw1rp langauge mattum sentamila 😂🤣,..cheras were Tamil bloods. Cholas ruled over andhra pradesh , ,I doesn't mean that cholas were Telugu kings . In your ideology ,,,today southern part of kerala was traditionally belongs to pandyan kings . So ?!?! Chera lands were Northern part of today kerala and western part of Tamil Nadu ... Even their capital was karur ..😁😁😁...

@@jjjjjj-hw1rp cholas Telugu ga 😂🤣🤣🤣🤣😁😁😂😂🤣.... Do u know the other name of raja raja chola ,,, it's Telugu Kula kaalan. Which means lord yema for "Telugu society" .... U malayalis don't have any rich history , so u jealously started steeling Tamil history of chera chola pandiyan.

@@jjjjjj-hw1rp dei loosu bunda ,there is no caste for chera chola Pandiyan.😂😂😂🤣 Another ole

@@jjjjjj-hw1rp dei loosu thayoli , until u namboodris malayalis came , Chera chola Pandiyas followed same tradition , worshipped murugan and kotravai ... Don't compare today Aryanized kerala traditions with ancient Tamil chera traditional a

gounders are native tamils😊

Ok . Thank you

Sir, Your own Tamil Nadu literary works such as 'Kongudesha Rajakkal' refers to numerous dynasties as having occupied 'Kongu-Nadu' in Tamil Nadu history such as 'Rastragutas, Gangas, Adiyaman, Cholas, Pandyas etc' until the 12th Century C.E. For Example: There are inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings titled as 'Kerala Varma, Keraladhiraja etc' as also found from 'Tirunelveli district, Dindigul district etc' in Tamil Nadu history but these regions of Tamil Nadu historically known as 'Pandi-Nadu, Kongu-Nadu etc' in Indian history was never ever known as 'Kerala or Keralaputhra or Keraladesha etc' in Indian history. Kerala and Tamil Nadu were two different communities that developed in the adjacent regions of the western ghats with commonality in the dynasty of Kings (i.e Kerala) in history but the politics, language, social system, religious practices, social customs, architecture, festivals, arts etc of Keralam (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) were all quite distinct from Tamil Nadu region since earliest known history.

​@@Nithin90 punda mone

Ponniyin Selvan 2.0 includs chera because it speaks about Tamil Sangam period . Actually nambodhiri is reason to caste system and collapse of Chera Chola Pandya .

Please don't support the dishonest historians sir. The land as bounded by the Malayadri mountains (western ghats) to the East and the Ocean to the West is known as the 'Malayalam Country' or 'Keralam' in all of known Indian history as For Example, the 11th century Sanskrit Poet Bilhana in his work refers to several kingdoms as having surrendered to the King Vikrama (1076 - 1126 C.E) of Karnataka including Konkana (konkan region), Alupa (tulu region), Chola, Pandya etc whereas the poet Bilhana mentions that the Elephants of the King Vikrama as having stirred the sandalwood trees on the Malaya Mountains (western ghats) in his conquest of Kerala. : For Example: “Abhajyantha gajaisthasya leelayaa malayaadhruma samam Kerala….” - Vikramankadevacharitha - Kavi Bilhana : It is an open-fact that the Kerala kings were referred to as 'Sera' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit hence it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history and thereafter. : For Example: The 15th century inscription of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Jayasimha Deva' of Kollam (i.e Kolambhapuri in Sanskrit) as the 'Crowned Monarch' of the 'Sera Lineage' in Matrilineal succession whereas the 16th century inscription of Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Ramavarma Maharaja' of Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) as the 'Royal Descent' of the mythological king 'Seraman Perumal Nayanar' in Matrilineal succession hence even the foreign traveler Ibn battuta in the 14th Century C.E have also stated that "In Malabar (Kerala), the Kings transmit their sovereignty only to their sisters Son". : The origin of Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal inheritance is attributed to the mandate of 'Parashurama' in an epoch known as 'Treta Yuga' in the Kerala tradition thereby as per the traditional Kerala history, a King of Kerala or 'Cheraman' known as 'Ramavarma' had once ruled the entire land from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari after Lord Parashurama in an epoch known as 'KalI Yuga' and he divided the land among the nobles and his throne among his nephew (i.e mahodhayapattanam king) and his crown among his son (i.e kolambhapattanam king) with Kodungallur (i.e thiruvanchikulam) and Kollam (i.e thenvanchi) as their capital within the Kerala-Kingdom (i.e Keraladesha, Keralavishaya etc) hence even the foreign traveler Friar Jordanus in the 14th Century have also stated that “In this India (Kerala) never do even the sons of great kings or nobles inherit the goods of their parents, but only the sons of their sisters" : Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) . : The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) ex. Paripadal. : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam age' and 'second chera empire' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language hence the 'Chera' aka Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : For Example: The Sanskrit term 'Braahmana' is written as 'Paarppanan' in the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the Oldest Tamil Nadu grammatical and mythological literary works (ex. tholkappiyam, purananuru, silapathikaram, divya prabandham, periyapuranam etc) refers to various castes or 'Saathi' in Tamil (i.e Jaathi in Sanskrit) in which it specifically refers to the Paarppanaar (Brahmanas) and Arasar (Rajas) or the Uyar-Pirappaalar meaning 'High-Born' as occupying the highest position within the social hierarchy of Tamil Nadu whereas the Tamil Nadu castes such as Vellalar, Paraiyar, Pulaiyar, Kuravar, Kallar etc in history were referred to as Suttira in Tamil (i.e Shudra in Sanskrit) and as Sandala in Tamil (i.e Chandala in Sanskrit) and as the Izhi-Pirappaalar meaning 'Low-Born' as attested by the Tamil Nadu historians themselves. : The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of the local Tamil Nadu mythology by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history. : The chieftains of Kerala (i.e Malanadu) such as ‘Chadayan Karunanthar, Sri Vallabhan Karunanthadakan, Vikramaditya Varagunan’ etc as occupying Vizhinjam, Aruviyoor etc in history are belonging to the lineage of the Yadavas and it is known in history that in the 13th century, the Venadu king ‘Kotha Marthanda Varma' sister Umadevi married the Yadava chieftain Jayasimha and their son ‘Ravivarma Kulashekharan’ became the King of Venadu as per the matrilineal order of succession. : These Yadava chieftains of Kerala has never referred to themselves as 'Ay' or 'Ay dynasty' in any of their inscriptions. The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. : The literary works now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

Sir, Innu Keraliyar 'tamizhan' ennu sambodhana cheyyunna tamil naattukare malayalikalum mattu dakshinendyakkaarum pandu 'pandiyennum chozhanennum konganennum thondanennum' vilichirunnavaraanu . : Ivide ithupole palarum pala vivarakedu parayumpol tamil naattile charithrakaranmar parayunathu avarude naattile pandi raajavum chola raajavumokke aviduthe 'sangam' krithikalil 'paarppanan' ennu visheshipichirunna braahmanane pole uyarnna jaathiyilpetta poonool dharichirunna raajakkalayirunnennaanu athupole panthirandaam noottaandu c.e vare tamil naattil ninnum vanna raajavamsha akramikal Keralathile raajavamshathe ‘SeRa’ ennum visheshipichirunnu kaaranam samskritha bhaasha roopamaaya ‘Kerala’ enna vaakkinte deshabhaasha thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sera athava Seralan’ ennathu athupole ‘Pandya’ enna samskritha vaakkinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Pandi athava Pandiyan’ ennathu athupole ‘Chola’ enna samskritha vaakinte thalbhava roopamaanu ‘Sora athava Soran’ ennathu athukondu keraliya charithrathilum keralamenna bhoopradeshathe Cheramaan-naadu Cheramaan-loka Chera-bhoomiyennumellaam orikal visheshipichirunnu udhaharanathinu tamil naattile raajaavaayirunna Raja Raja Cholante kaalaghattathile rekhagalilkoodi prakyaapikkunnathennaal avarude padayaalikal Parashuramante srishtiyaaya bhoomiye akramichirunnuvennum aviduthe Vizhinjam Kollam Kodungallurenna nagarangal mattum keezhadakki swanthamaakkiyennumaanu aprakaaram Keralamenna bhoopradesham Parashuramante srishtiyaayirunnenna praacheena keraliya paaramparyam pandu paradeshikalkum ariyappettirunnuvennum kaanaam. : Ivide ithupole palarum pala thonnivasam parayumpol tamil naattile charithrakaranmar parayunathu avarude naattil ninnum kandedutha 'sangam krithikal' ennu vilikunna kettukadhakalil uyarnnajaathiyilpetta poonool dharichirunna 'Uthiyan Seralathan' enna kadhapaathram Keralathile kuttanaattil ninnu mahabharatha yudhathil 'kauravarkum paandavarkum' poraadiya padayaalikalku aahaaram koduthavanaayirunnennaanu. Ivide vivarashunyaraaya malayalikalodu kallam paranju Kerala charithram nashipikuka ennathu maathramaanu palarkum lakshyam. For Example: "The social stratification of Sangam Tamil Society was confined to the Uyarpirappalar or High Born as comprising of the Paarppanar (Brahmanas), Arasar (Rajas) etc and the Izhipirappalar or Low Born." - R. Gurukkal (historian)

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

Thanks bro . Ambalam means temple

@@lalumashtalks8786 Got a new word for temple.. yaay! Btw, we call temple as Kovil, Koil, Aalayam

@@vasanthnarayanan5228 ambalam sanskrit influence

@@yukr3177 Yeah malayalam has more sanskrit influenced words

@@vasanthnarayanan5228 kovil, devalayam, ambalam, kshethram -- all are used in Malayalam too.

Sir, the Sanskrit term 'Yavana' in Tamil and the term 'Yavanapriya, Yavaneshta etc' in Sanskrit meaning 'beloved of the Yavanas' as denoting 'pepper, onion etc' in Indian history was applied to all the Westerners referred to as 'Mlecchas' in Sanskrit (i.e Milecchar in Tamil) including Arab traders in Indian history. The Invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the Chola king in his Sanskrit inscription has stated that "he had crossed the sahya mountains (western ghats) and destroyed the Kerala king and his country (Kerala) protected by the chief of the Brigus (i.e Lord Parashurama - Ex. "Jithva Kerala Bhupathim Brigupatheschithva thapo rakshitham prithvim") which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) It was the tradition among the Hindus of Kerala (Malabar) that a legendary king titled as 'Cheraman Perumal, Cheraman Thampuran, Cheraman Ramavarma etc' of the Kerala (Malabar) tradition aka 'Vira Kerala Chakravarthi' had once divided his possessions between Gokarnam and Kanyakumari as well as his 'Sceptre (chenkol), Crown (mudi), Sword (val) etc' among his nephews and sons of the Kerala-Country (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) as consisting of 'Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc' and ascended up to heaven unlike the tradition current among the 'Muslims, Christians etc' of Kerala (Malabar) history. For Example: Diego de Couto (16th Century) - "It is the tradition among the Christians of Malabar (Kerala) that a 'Xarao Perimal' (Cheraman Perumal) of Cranganore (Kodungallur) was so very well affected to them and that through them he was converted to Christianity and persuaded to go to Meliapor (Mylapore in Tamil Nadu)" The term 'Chera, Cheraman etc' in the folk-songs of Kerala are denoting the Kerala (Malabar) kings of 'Kodungallur' aka Mahodayapuram (Thiruvanchikulam) referred to as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit since pre-portuguese period who gave the Christians, Muslims, Jews etc a place to trade and live in Kerala and not any mythological 'Sera' kings of the local Tamil Nadu literary works or the fictional 'Chera Perumal' of the 18th century 'Keralolpathi' literary work etc.

@@Nithin90 You have rightly observed the Yavana connection to black pepper, a wild berry found in Kerala forests. If we look at last centuries of BCE, Kerala demography was different. Several tribal communities made bulk of the population and forest lands were close to the coastal belts. Migration of the Edayar communities of Sowrashtrine area to Kerala and their rule of southern Kerala as Ayi kings is documented in Tamil sangam books of 3rd century BCE onwards. They were subordinate rulers under the Pandyans of Madurai. They brought Jainism and Buddhism to Kerala. Their link with Yavanas( call all foreigners in that name for simplicity) and overseas trade made Kerala a destination for exotic products. The name Yavanapriya or passion of Yavana is given to black pepper because it was the most sought after commodity by the foreigners.

Sir, The ancient non-christian European travelers have referred to the sovereign of Kerala (Malabar) as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit (i.e Kaelobothras, Keprobothras etc in Greek) therefore the south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have also referred to the Kerala (Malabar) kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-Jaathi inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The Kupaka royal family of Kerala (Malabar) as comprising of Venadu aka Jayasimhanadu, Trippappur aka Attingal, Chirava aka Chirayinkeezhil, Thiruvankur aka Thiruvithankur etc were several Matrilineal branches as related to one and another by inter-adoptation, marriage etc in Kerala (Malabar) history hence the Invaders from Tamil Nadu such as the 'Pandi king and Chola king' in their own inscriptions until the 12th Century C.E have referred to 'Kollam, Vizhinjam, Kottar etc' as belonging to the Kerala (Malabar) kings titled as 'Kupaka' in Indian history. For Example: The 7th century to 12th century C.E inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the unhistorical chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the unhistorical chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu (ex. purananuru) in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka (i.e thuvarai in tamil) to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy as situated south of Kerobothras (Keralaputhra) in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy as situated East of Komari (Kanyakumari) are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. The term 'Ayar or Konar or Edayar or Edasheri etc' were common caste-names of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the past as denoting the agro-pastoralists whose common occupation was raising cows, selling milk etc in history just as the caste-name Channar (Ezhava), Chaliyar (weavers), Panar (singers) etc in history and not a seperate kingdom. For Example: “Evoor itta thengum panaiyum Ezhavar era peraadaagavum” - Leiden plates of Raja Raja Chola - 10th century C.E : Translation - “The Ezhavas should not climb the Coconut trees and Palmyra trees planted in this village.' The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. For Example: "Malabar (Kerala) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E).

@@Nithin90 Historicity of legends is the issue here. For a way out, I go with Dan S Blachwelder when he says 'History is legendary to some degree and legend is historical to some extent.'

Makka sugunan thooryittathanu keralam enn paryo?

ബിംബിസാരൻെറ സാമ്രാജ്യ അതിർത്തി കൊറിയ മുതൽ തുർക്കിവരെ ആയിരുന്നു

@@user-bc3kh2px4v Vidditham parayathirikku

@@user-bc3kh2px4v 😂😂😂