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How an Amplifier works - amplifier with gain control 

All Electronics Channel
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Gregory demonstrates how an amplifier works.
IF amplifiers in transmitter and receiver chains commonly need a way of gain control. When used if amplitude detector, these amplifiers have are called AGC - Automatic Gain Control - systems.
SSB radios are an example of linear systems that use IF amplifiers for overall amplitude control, maintaining linearity from end-to-end.
Amplifier for IF frequencies are used in cascade for high gain in many transceiver topologies. However, the gain needs to not exceed limits where saturation of the system occurs. The usage of IF amplifier in AGC loops controls the maximum gain, preventing saturation and non-linear behavior of others stages.
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00:22 - Introduction
01:08 - Amplifier prototype
02:56 - Current controlled gain
04:04 - Circuit schematics
05:52 - How an amplifier works
08:28 - Amplifier variable gain
10:20 - Approximate gain
11:38 - Autotransformer
14:54 - Transistor biasing

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25 янв 2023

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Комментарии : 50   
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Support the channel becoming a Patron patreon.com/allelectronics
@kamleshchavan7451
@kamleshchavan7451 Год назад
I'm from India , I'll have to pay in dollars, and how much
@ruhnet
@ruhnet Год назад
Thanks for the excellent explanation of this!
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Glad you enjoyed it!
@yousifalniemi6660
@yousifalniemi6660 Год назад
Fantastic video! Really cool idea with emitter inductor
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Glad you liked it!
@mendiarapi
@mendiarapi 6 месяцев назад
​@@AllElectronicsChannela bypass cap parallel to emiter resistor woul do the same job right?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel 6 месяцев назад
Yep
@ats89117
@ats89117 Год назад
Thumbs up for a very nice approach and presentation. I will simulate the circuit to get additional insight, but it would be interesting to compare this approach with one that reduced gain by increasing negative feedback.
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Very nice, come back with the results !
@jupa7166
@jupa7166 Год назад
Very nice!
@stevekim6923
@stevekim6923 Год назад
Your explanation of this complicated subject is clearly understandable. Thank you!
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Welcome!
@dalsaki
@dalsaki Год назад
Superb !
@issacs740
@issacs740 Год назад
Hey Love your channel, can’t find many others out there like it! Could you do a video on Automatic Gain Control? Is it possible to make one with a very wide band frequency response? I would like to figure out a design that could be used as an attenuator with constant pk-pk amplitude across wide range of frequencies
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Thanks! Nice topic. Probably a diode detector and a PIN attenuator should get good bandwidth response
@issacs740
@issacs740 Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel Never used any specific components like PIN diodes before, I’m always trying to develop strategies with just BJTs the hard way :) and I always use breadboards, but seriously need to move to pcbs for RF projects soon. But on a breadboard I have built a 27, 56, and even recently a 227MHz transmitter and receiver with just BJTs and typical passive components all on a breadboard. Simple on/off is all. The 227MHz transceiver was quite unstable as you might imagine though and only had a range of up to 7ft basically at best, but quite cool it worked at all on breadboard, it was super-heterodyne type, single stage mixer, IF of 1-10MHz (very unstable of course). It’s really a challenge when the whole supply rail has 200mVpp noise at 227MHz and any inductors above 5uH act more like large caps and several insulated rows 5 spaces apart or even 10 acts as a pretty good coupling capacitor haha very frustrating to work with breadboards at RF but it can be done somewhat.
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
@@issacs740 hahaha very nice!! go to copper single layer pcb as breadboard, will be a new life. 1N5819 work great as poor man PIN diodes, try to make a simple PI atennuator using it
@issacs740
@issacs740 Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel huh interesting, I will definitely have to check that out, thanks!
@ubincomar1598
@ubincomar1598 Год назад
i saw spanish books in your lab, have you a channel in spanish too?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Hi friend! It is not Spanish hehe
@dannyperry8070
@dannyperry8070 Год назад
Hi great video. I don't understand how you come up with the turns ratio of the coil or auto transformer.
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Turn ratio for a normal transformer would be sqrt(Za / Zb), for an auto transformer you subtract 1 (to consider the primary as part of the secondary also)
@preidster
@preidster Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel Would you show the calculation please?
@dannyperry8070
@dannyperry8070 Год назад
Also is this applicable for a particular frequency?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
I'm designed it for 4.9MHz
@sersheva
@sersheva Год назад
Gregory, is a current mirror with beta helper on the right ?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
It is!
@dannyperry8070
@dannyperry8070 Год назад
What is the range of the bias voltage on the diode? 0 to 1 volt?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
0 to 1mA, 0 to 10V
@uk4725
@uk4725 Год назад
But this will change the frequency response as the gain changes right?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Yep!! Would be nice to take a look on a broader span
@matteogaditti9900
@matteogaditti9900 Год назад
hello, nice circuit, I also did two calculations and I believe you have a very good gain, using that polarization you have more than 500 of hfe with that model of transistor, pero one thing I can't understand, the ratio of the auto transformer why you chose that number of turns for a 700 ohm at 50 ohm, are you sure? that you leave 2 mA to the transitor not to saturate it and the remaining of 10 mA for the output with a 50 ohm load?
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
Hi Matteo, with the ratio I used on practice we are using a little more current, using a litter lower collector impedance. The beta of the transistor is much lower at higher frequencies, you can aproximate by Hfe / f
@matteogaditti9900
@matteogaditti9900 Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel an figured out for hfe, and is there a rough calculation to know how many turns you need to have to have a ratio from 700 ohms to 50 ohms? because I thought it was 14:1, then maybe I'm wrong
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
The impedance transform is the square of the turns! For an auto transformer you need to add + 1. So (7/3 + 1)^2 in this case
@ltlt6117
@ltlt6117 Год назад
Why in most rf common emmiter amplifiers we add an inductor to collector for increase impedance or resistance at the collector?? Why don't use just a resistor ???
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
This is called inductive peaking. It will enhance the bandwidth of the amplifier, creating a little more gain at higher frequencies, compensating a little the natural rolloff of the amplifier.
@ltlt6117
@ltlt6117 Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel thanks
@vicheakeng4884
@vicheakeng4884 4 месяца назад
0:04
@christianejikeomeje3145
@christianejikeomeje3145 Год назад
thumbs up, i have a signal of -45 db at 122mhz, how best do i amplify the signal to up to 20db
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Год назад
I think that any modern transistor can accomplish that. Take a look at BFR92A
@christianejikeomeje3145
@christianejikeomeje3145 Год назад
@@AllElectronicsChannel thanks
@kamleshchavan7451
@kamleshchavan7451 Год назад
I want to be knowledgeable like you in electronics , guide me
@complex_variation
@complex_variation Год назад
@@MrDacorp I'm an EE student but I would like to have recommendations on books courses etc.
@kamleshchavan7451
@kamleshchavan7451 Год назад
@@complex_variation Sir please suggest some books , covering basic knowledge to advance
@nathanbarajas9174
@nathanbarajas9174 Год назад
Watch, like , subscribe, and don't forget to comment.
@Re-lMaxine
@Re-lMaxine 2 месяца назад
The video is good but your soldering skills need a check
@AllElectronicsChannel
@AllElectronicsChannel Месяц назад
hahahaha
@CircuitShepherd
@CircuitShepherd Год назад
Very nice!
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