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Love the video! I was wondering if you’d ever make a video about forms of testing? E.g balance testing for motors or something like IRs? But general one would be really appreciated thank you.
Thank you very much for your simple, clear and accurate explaination. You cleared the cloud which in my head for years about relay. Now my mind has been satisfied and relaxed. BIG THANKS!!!
HUMAN's lifetime is not huge or enough for earning knowledge to make themselves as a ruler of the galaxy but if you work hard maybe you can able to rule yourself. wishing you good luck.
Im a new electrician from the philippines and i can say paul was the best teacher i have never met, thank you sir for all your effort to educate us all your teachings will not go to waste.👍👍👍👏👏👏
@@n.g.1577 the difference would have to be a transformer uses the concept of inductance in order to induce a charge in a secondary coil using the magnetic field of the primary coil while a relay just uses the concept of running a current through a coil in order to create magnetism to create an open or closed switch
When I bought my last motorcycle, the previous owner had installed additional lights with a manual switch. I wanted the lights to be controlled by the key switch. I talked to a mechanic who told me it was impossible because the key switch couldn't handle that much current. I told them I wanted them to use a relay, but they insisted that the current was too high. So I just did it myself and it worked flawlessly. It was very clear that they had no idea what a relay was. Doing it myself saved me several hundred dollars and took me about 1/2 hour, so I'm actually glad they were so stupid.
Video: 3:10 - We've looked at solenoids in the past, and check out that video, link in the description below. Me: CTRL+F - "sole" - No match found. ???
Fantastic video - I have a mechanical background so electrical engineering is not my strongest! I've found I learn so much better/quicker with visual animations and your videos are absolutely spot on, thank you!
same I wish, I had a teacher like Paul in my high school instead of choosing mechanical engineering i should have choosen electrical as a core subject.
FOR WORK TO GET DONE SOMETHING MUST MOVE... Circuit = (Circle) Electrons flow in a circle from the Source (BATTERY NEGATIVE) Through the LOAD/DEVICE & back to the (Source BATTERY POSITIVE). Using up some of the Voltage. Amps = (Current) Flow/Draw AKA Electrons Moving. The Device will only Draw the Amps it needs from the Source to work. Having a Source with more Amps is OK less Amps not OK. Volts = (Pressure) More Pressure the More Work Can Be Done with Less Amps. Devices are Voltage Sensitive. Too little Voltage Device will not work. Too much Device will SMOKE. Watts = (How much work is being done). Volts X Amps = Watts. If your 12VDC Device Draws 0.5 Amps 12 x 0.5 = 6 WATTS of work being done. Fuses = (No Fires in the Wires) Always use Fuses and put them as close to the POSITIVE side of the (Battery/Source) as Possible. AWG = (Wire Gauge Size) If your Device/Circuit uses/needs lot of Amps you must use lage AWG size AKA smaller number AWG
How do you calculate the power consumption of a relay? E.g., SONG CHUAN 833H datasheet says: Coil Rating (DC) Rated voltage 6V, Rated current 60mA, Coil resistance 100ohm. How come the Power consumption at rated voltage is approx. 0.36W?
this channel just keeps getting better and better! much thanks for this fantastically clear explanation of relays, the animations just amke it so much easier to understand. that being said, it seems that the back-EMF discussion was just kinda tacked-on to the end though, and not fully-integrated with the relay part...lol, since literally everything i know about these subjects comes from here, i guess electromagnetic relays just have the diodes built-in, and since there are no electromagnets involved with solid state relays, they wouldn't have them?
I recently installed a timer relay in one of my rental residence properties. It’s connected to a button which a customer must press before using the gym. The timer relay powers the gym for 2 hours before shutting off, I installed this because customers tend to forget to turn off the lights, aircon, etc and I have to pay the electric bill… Anyway great content!!
I really like combination of timed relays and 3-phase relays to make automatic star-delta switch for 3-phase motors. We used to connect them together in technical school at practical lessons. That was fun. However few guys who were not careful enough got shot from 230V AC. 😏
It’s always been my opinion that all automotive relay terminals should be numbered in a different way. The primary terminals should be “P1 and P2”, with P1 denoting the switched low current terminal and P2 to ground (or other control circuitry). The secondary terminals would be “SL”, denoting line voltage, “SC” for n/c terminal and “SO” for n/o terminals. This would be far more intuitive than the seemingly random lettering normally used.
Hey Paul, I have been watching your videos since many days now. I have become a subscriber of your channel and have been learning a lot about the electrical engineering. While going through the list of videos, I didn't find topics on learning how to read a circuit diagram or SLDs. It would be great if you stretch on this topic in 3 types. 1. Basic or simple circuit diagrams for electrical system in a house. 2. Circuit diagrams for a large commercial place such as a mall. 3. Circuit diagrams for an industrial building. Would be great if you make videos on HT (High tension) and LT (Low tension) electrical system as well. Thank you.
Tension? Do you mean potential/voltage? Or are we talking tubes? Circuit diagram for a house or mall is nothing special, just larger than a electronics circuit but the foundation is the same. An installation schematic or diagram is just how you place things in a building etc, which is just too specific for most people and for a general theoretical videos like these. It also depends on where in the world you are. A bit pointless to make videos about it because people can't work on it at home and the principles are the same as in electronics.
I've been watching some of your videos, I really like the way you explain things and the animations make it the more understandable! Thanks a lot, keep them going!
I'm an artist and got no interest on technical matters but your videos are different and got me hook to subscribe and learned interesting facts of electronics. You are a very good instructor indeed!
Finally I understand the basis how a relay works! I was struggling for a long time to understand the principle how does it works in reality. Thank you!
I appreciate the clear graphics and simple explanations. Learning doesn't have to be difficult. It can be very fun as well. The quick explanation of the properties of electrical windings (coils) is a good example of the easy to follow teaching style.
Nice lesson. Now that electromechanical relays are being rapidly replaced by solid state devices, it is interesting to look back on the ways they were designed and used in the sixty years since I began, and subsequently retired from, working aircraft electronics. For one thing, many relays are available with multiple sets of contacts, for instance 6PDT. Numbers of such relays can be wired to perform complex logic functions by wiring the primary circuit of each relay, along with remote inputs from switches and sensors, through secondary contacts in other relays. For instance, relay A coil will operate only when relay B is off (use common and NC contact of relay B), and relay C is on (use com and NO contact of relay C). In fact, simple digital computers have been built using only relays for logic processing. Many power relays, or contactors, will have sets of auxiliary contacts that switch as the main contacts move. The main contacts in a contactor are frequently in 3 sets for switching 3-phase power. The primary circuit for any given contactor may be wired through auxiliary contacts of multiple contactors to ensure that one and only one power source is connected to a bus or load at any given time. You might mention that latching relays are not always necessary for effecting a latching, or holding, circuit. Any relay can be configured as a holding relay by wiring the active wire to the coil in parallel with a set of the same relay's contacts so that once the active primary wire operates the relay, the parallel circuit through its contacts will maintain the coil circuit even after the input signal goes away. Various methods of "resetting," or deactivating, the relay are used, such as a NC push-to-open switch in the parallel circuit. When a contractor needs to be under positive control to open or close only when a discrete signal is received, latching relays are used. I have seen contactors for aircraft generator power evolve from from common relay operation that requires continuous power in coil circuit, to mechanically-latched contactors with separate coils for open and closed function, to magnetically latched contactors with two coils, one to close and one to open, to magnetically latched contactors with a single coil that is closed by a momentary current of one polarity, and opened by a momentary current thought the same coil but of the opposite polarity. It was fun.
See our new video on how to build mechanical versions of electronic circuits? Watch here: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-Zv9Q7ih48Uc.html
Great video. Very clear and helpful. In the AV industry we typically see relays in control systems, such as to raise or lower a motorized projection screen.
Hello. Great videos you put up. I see relays everyday doing their duty to close the loop to a pump or a fanmotor. Iam working with ventilation and heat. 😀
The term back means it opposed the change. In this situation, the change in current is opposite of the direction of the current. So the emf produces current in the same direction. Emf always acts to keep current equal, so it opposed the direction of change.
I didn't understand how SSRs worked before now. I've been looking everywhere for an explanation on how they worked and this video is the first to fully explain it and give a picture as to how it is working. Thanks!
As an RV Tech I see relays on the daily. A common control panel on most large units is called a Multi-Plex which is a 3x3 board full of relays. Love learning the intricacies of of how everything works.
Thank you for this great video! I've seen tons of relays in nuclear power plants. They are controlled by 110V DC circuits and can actuate 6kV AC circuits to power pumps, compressors and these kinds of things.
Really good video ! I use relay modules to allow my Raspberry Pi to control pumps and heaters for my pond. Be careful though the Pi will only output ~3.3V on the GPIO terminals so you need a module ( or build your own) with an additional 5v supply (usually marked JD VCC OR RM VCC)that actually energises the coil, most include optocoupling and flyback diode.
I am a BMS engineer, and we use many relays for our control panels! Funny thing is that I did an electrical and electronics engineering degree as uni and didn't even learn about relays - felt like a complete idiot when I started work..! Great video, and kudos for mentioning the flywheel diode, that can easily be overlooked.
Very clear explanation, thank you so much. I just rewired a fog lamp with a 4-pin relay today on my motorcycle. Should I add a Flywheel Diode? (Just broke a fuse yesterday lol) Thank you, greetings from Indonesia. (liked and subscribed sir)
This video really helped me to understand the inner workings of a relay. I have used them, know roughly when & how to install them, but have never really looked into how & why they do exactly what they do. Great vid! Thank you!
If you get your hands on some of the clear ones (usually used in industrial settings rather than the common automotive ones) you can see all the inner workings. Super neat actually
In the last circuit, the diode only works due to current flowing through the path of least resistance or the shortest route. That wouldn't help the LED all the time, so shouldn't the diode be placed in line with the + lead between the LED and coil?
Excellent video as usual TEM! I always learn something from watching your videos. My Step-son is a master electrician & I always send him a link to your videos.......👍👍💡💡💡💡🔌🔌🔌🔌👍👍
The normally open relay is akin to a buffer gate and the normally closed is similar to a not gate. Create all of the logic gates out of relays, and put them together to make a giant calculator.
its 3am here i have nothing to do with electronics but you videos are so satisfying i give huge amount of knowledge love your channel keep up the good work!
Because we can automate it with sensors etc, no need for someone to push a button then. We can use it in safety systems for example to automatically take action.
How about a video on refrigerant leak detectors? The ones that beep when a leak is detected, I was always curious on how they work. After reading Wikipedia, they might be ultrasonic sound detection devices? Neat. There's other kinds too.
In my low voltage profession, I install and service access control equipment. I work with Lenel 2220, 1320, 3300 card reader panels with solid state relays on board, paired with Altronix ACM-8 12/24vdc mechanical relay panels. All downstream secondary equipment typically consists of magnetic doors locks requiring a normally closed circuit, and an electronic door strike or electrified mortise handle that require a normally open circuit; both of which contain solenoids to operate the devices. This video is a great visual example.
You say primary circuit of mechanical relay is normally powered by DC supply but can be AC. I was hoping you would explain how AC works on the primary with polarity changing each AC cycle.
Recently I had a control box that uses a potentiometer to increase and decrease speed of a nema34 stepper, which is pretty high current. The control box has about a 50 foot cord from the motor and I needed to make the motor turn in reverse or forward, but it was impractical to use a double pole double throw switch in the control box because I would’ve had to run bigger wire all the way to the box. Instead, I used a double pole double throw mechanical relay that could handle the current of the motor, and mounted a small single pole switch in the control box that turns the relay on or off with small wire running to it, and it worked like a charm.
I don't know the first thing about electrical engineering, or at least I didn't before I discovered this channel. I'm just a curious person and RU-vid algorithm has me figured out. I like to take things apart and try to fix them if they're broken. Results vary. These illustrations are great and they really make these concepts easy to grasp. This channel and the Lock Picking Lawyer have become my newest favorites. Thanks!
Standard tattoo machines have an alternating relay which serves as a drive force. Same as old school bells, the armature bar connected with the spring drives the action.
Thanks for clarifying the details about the functioning of relays... I want to manually design a remote controlled light with a relay... Could you please help with any suggestions?
One thing that is missed is how AC coil relays work. Why the coil stays magnetized, though AC current would alternate magnetic field, and should make it bounce?
Learned a bit more about latching & double pole relays. Had this idea of using relays in an inverter project, so can switch between inputting between 12 or 24 volts DC. Simplistic pictures and animations work very well in explaining things.
I recall listening to how relays were used in transmission of signals over long distance requiring amplification by using the weakened current to power the primary side of the relay. I never understood how this worked as I couldn’t visualise it in my mind and never took the time to investigate further. This video helps a bunch, but just to be sure I understand, if a weak signal powers the primary side with an audio signal (say, a voice), obviously that is not a single signal but a lot of signals of varying frequency. Would that mean that a relay in this case is moving on and off relatively fast and often? And by relatively, I mean with relation to how fast and often I can and do turn a light switch on and off in my room. Would a relay not them wear out? I can see the benefit in a solid state relay for this application.
So I'm activating a switch to activate another switch? Why can't I just activate the switch? Then there's nothing in the middle of the switch to go wrong. I see where solenoids come into play, having different currents. But if it's all the same current 🤷 ...I mean, come on?
Could you make a video on ladder logic? I’ve been trying to teach myself how to program PLC’s. I can’t find any content that breaks down how it works with animations like your video; making it very easy to understand.
