How Scientists Made the Hottest Thing Ever 

I went to CERN but there was no gift shop. You couldn't buy a Large Hadron, even a fuzzy one.

Why was there a quark-gluon plasma in the first place? Where do the quantum fields and rules that gave that plasma the structure of the universe we know come from? Why is there anything at all instead of just nothing?

@@danifart 42

@@danifart Very interesting questions. The video would probably be an hour long if he went into all of that

I'd be interested to know about the neutrino dynamics in this plasma. Would they have influenced the topology of the quark-gluon plasma?

This is funny. I chuckled.

I too, would want his wife

Cute.

Top tier comment 🤌🏻

Ha, nice

Uuhhhhh.... when you put it like that... kinda give me the "heebie-jeebies" 😬😅

When I started grad school an undergrad professor asked me why I wanted to go to grad school and I said because I love doing experiments. Curiosity is the driving force of science and it has given us so many answers and better yet so many questions.

But it's not actually true, at least for the hottest. Cosmic rays are vastly more energetic than anything CERN can create.

"known"

Not exactly as far as hottest goes. So far, the hottest place in the universe on record is the quasar 3C273, a brightly-shining region around a supermassive black hole roughly 2.4 billion light-years from Earth, Palumbo said. This region has a core temperature of about 10 trillion kelvin (more than 10 trillion degrees Fahrenheit and Celsius), according to the Greenbank Observatory in West Virginia. However, there is still uncertainty surrounding this temperature estimation

Perhaps he’s uncomfortable with the interviewer.

I was thinking the exact same thing - especially regarding Herr Schweda's expression at the end!

perhaps he wanted to name it LICE instead back in the day. imho that would have been infinitely more fun, if not as dignified ^^

His "Math" sounds too close to "Mass" ! ! Now; when you are speaking out on subjects relating to HEP (High Energy Physics) You should really make an effort, and Not let us figure it out from the context!

@@ittaiklein8541go have several seats. You seem to be the only one having a problem.

😂 the guy had no idea how to respond

👀

I’d hardly call it simple.

I get to that conclusion too

What if someone already did this in another universe that created our universe 🤔

"Microverse" -Rick C. Sanchez

How do you think we got here?

the protons and neutrons should be flattened too.

Atomic Pancake, thanks that's my band name now

Thanks, I was wondering about that

Interesting... Didn't know that

Yep the omg particle was flattened like a pancake when it was detected

time for Universe is just an illusion

I mean if that’s the case those aliens have extremely complicated particles

Wow!

That would be a lot of matter/energy, way more than what they're using on CERN...

That's basically just simulation theory, which itself is just an offshoot of theology

​@@spindash64I think you mean simulation hypothesis, as it isn't a theory.

...and now I'm thinking about this.

It collapsed into infinite black holes that are still around today

1) There was never a ball. The universe is infinite; the ball was used to show the density of the infinite universe. 2) As others pointed out, the infinite universe was expanding extremely fast, (cosmic inflation) too fast for black holes to form. 3) The universe was *almost* equally dense everywhere, leaving few spots for black holes to form. 4) About a second after the Big Bang, some extreme imperfections may have formed primordial black holes.

Black holes are typically described in terms of an extreme gravitational gradient in an otherwise relatively static space. The big bang was homogeneous and expanding at an astonishing rate. (A region the size of the monitor you are looking at becoming the size of the observable universe in the blink of an eye.) I.e. and a very long story short: Such extreme conditions werent right for them to form. Though that may have changed extremely rapidly and there are hypotheses about 'primordial black holes' forming almost immediately.

Its because human understanding of "physics" is fundamentally limited and we as a species will never, ever, understand the totality of how everything works at all that fits our conscious understanding and logic. For all we know what we understand as "physics" and logical and sensible, is just that, valid to our senses and how our brain works and perceives its input. The ultimate reality, whatever it is, on how all of the universe works, is fundamentally unknowable and incomprehensible to our limited brains and understanding. We simply do not have the ability to understand the whole of physics. We are biologically and physically limited to.

Also every square meter of the Earth is bombarded by ultra high energy cosmic rays that collide with ten times as much energy [1]. It's really embarrassing for Be Smart that they didn't fact check this guy on his fallacious bragging. 1. LaHurd, D. V. (2017). "Searching for Quark Gluon Plasma Signatures in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays"

Right? Imagine if Hollywood movie budgets funded all physics research

@@cheetah219 I'd bet their revenue could handle a big chunk of the load. Large projects take a lot of money, but researchers with hypothesis to test will bend over backward to make it work. The best way to drive invention and innovation is to liberate the people. If everyone had the extremely rare freedom that CERN scientists have had in their lives, we'd be living in world littered with LHC-like projects and might even have our warp drives and teleporters already. I sure am glad we figured out that enslaving humanity with churches and hedgefunds and mega-stadiums is better than all of that progress-stuff. I mean, can you imagine? How awful it would be? If people were free?

@@cheetah219 the american p*rn industry alone has like way more money then all of nasas budged

Preach

My thoughts exactly. And the servers they store the information on, is the matrix.

Thats so scary to think abt

​@@lis7742conspiracy theory's

Possibly...past the limits beyond the "edges" or outside of the theoretical "realms" (beyond the universe's vail) of the furthest possible expanses of intergalactic/interstellar/universalar existence as well, maybe? LmMFaO!

Also ultra-high energy cosmic rays collide with ten times the energy produced at the LHC [1]. It's often a mistake for people in one field (high energy physics) to make claims outside that field (cosmology). It's a bigger mistake for Be Smart to fail in their obligation to fact check the things people say to them in an interview. 1. LaHurd, D. V. (2017). "Searching for Quark Gluon Plasma Signatures in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays"

Crush a can of Pringles. Solve all questions.

@@aqdrobert true 😂

It hurts just like a muscle hurts that's getting exercise! Feel the burn, and all that. 😊 No pain, no gain. 💪🏽🧠

Well, quite precisely more than 10 trillion and 273 degrees Celsius, or 18 trillion and 523.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

​@@samuelcheung4799implicitly giving Fahrenheit the shade it deserves, I like it.

it really irked me that he only mentioned stars and not quasars, feels like there wasn't due diligence followed when producing this video for the sake of a sensational claim

@@samuelcheung4799 Giving those last digits when the uncertainty is probably in the range of a percent, give or take two orders of magnitude, seems like a mistake.

@@stefangadshijew1682 Now this edit should make it a bit more accurate.

Even though the individual particles may have absolutely insane speeds and energies, the amount of those particles in each set of collisions is relatively small, thus not a huge amount of energy is released during the collision. It’s definitely dangerous if you got yourself in the middle of the beam - read about the Anatoli Bugorski accident, where his head was struck by a particle beam with 7 GeV protons. He survived, but had some radiation damage to his brain but was relatively okay since most of the particles just passed through him (not significantly worse than other radiation exposure incidents). The CERN collider energy is about 1000x greater at about 7 TeV, with shooting about a billion protons/second (which sounds like a lot, but remember, just 1 gram of water contains well over 10^23 protons) - thus the energy per second is I believe about 1 kilo Joules of energy, equivalent to about 240 calories burning up in one second. So it’s not an insane amount of total energy, but since each particle has so much energy (in the trillions of electron-volts, meanwhile normal chemical reactions occur in the range of .1 to 10 electron volts) it’s an insane amount of energy at that scale. Again, to put it in perspective - Radiotherapy machines that use smaller particle accelerators create protons with about 70 MeV, and deliver around 1 kilojoule per kilogram of targeted matter, same total energy of the CERN beam in a second, just wayyy more spread out and over a longer period of time.

Just like sparking a piece of flint, creating microscopic explosions do not cause any issues. The most energetic possible thing you can make in the universe is this and particle-antiparticle pair annihilation, which both can destroy everything we love with just a couple tons, but this will never be dangerous because it’s just too small scale (antimatter production has already started but only produces about 10 nano grams a year, and if not sustained all of it will be destroyed in a very short period of time (along with being able to hold only a very small amount)

You've been fooled by this careless lie. No, the LHC temperatures aren't the hottest in the universe. The highest energy cosmic rays collide with energies an order of magnitude higher [1]. Yes, it's amazing, but please try to help avoid spreading this misinformation. 1. LaHurd, D. V. (2017). "Searching for Quark Gluon Plasma Signatures in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays"

They collide protons of Hydrogen, after electrons have been stripped. Here is a superb illustration of how it works: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-q8lNooOiK1g.htmlsi=aG1qHphmPZWjK5hG

Yes it's called the people that built the atomic bomb

Haha whoaa

No, not even remotely true or even possible. The collisions are thousands A SECOND. No time for anything to start. Besides, its destroyed upon creation. It's actually destroyed before its a thing....

I'd have assumed that anti-matter would be affected by gravitational waves in the same way that matter is, only because anti-matter is just matter with the opposite charge,

my man be watching videos faster than the expansion of the universe 😭

how is this video posted 8 minutes ago but the comment here is from 15 hours ago?

​@@manishdevgan7004They must be q Patron they'll get access to videos early

​​@@manishdevgan7004some videos can be uploaded but unlisted with few ppl that have access to it for whatever reasons, then actually published where we peasants can see and view it. They have a patreon as well so it could be viewed early for the people who pay.

Membership man, membership!

Even the best science we have can’t make one that lasts long enough to even record, if at all, maybe we will in the future but we would have to find a way to hit all those bits of lead at each other within the same nanosecond for us to make one that ceases to exist immediately after due to hawking radiation being a little too quick for anything less then the mass of (don’t quote me on this) a penny, so unless we smush the moon, it ain’t happening where we are (and doing that would probably kill us as the heat gets close enough to incinerate us before it blows up because you just can’t make it a blackhole)

I have not seen swiss people talking in this video.

In fact he didn’t speak in the end clip, but he had the best facial expression to the praise of the acronym for the program. I’m glad that made the cut.

@@raphaelgarcia9576 Yes, "He" is not Swiss. Just because the building is in Switzerland does not make every person in there a Swiss person. The same logic applies to any country! 🤯

it's barely any mass being at that temperature for an insanely small amount of time. Doesn't have as much actual thermal energy as it seems

At the scale they're working at, these events last a fraction of a fraction of a second at a size that doesn't register on instruments that aren't specifically adjusted for this. The strongest magnetic fields on the planet keeping it all together helps too.

I would think that because of the extremely small scales of the particles used in the collision, any produced heat will disperse incredibly quickly through collisions with the billions of particles that make up the surrounding air.

Thanks to you for asking this, and all those responding with answers. I was puzzled as well 😅

They’re doing so at a scale of less than an atom at less than a millisecond

Giovanni Schweda!

as far as im aware certain types of ai are already used in particle experiments

AI didn't just magically appear a year or so ago. Machine learning has been a field since at least the 1980s and the fundamentals of it are older still. The first applications in consumer products have been present since the early 2010s, and it picked up steam fast during the 2010s. The transformer architecture that happens to be amazing at sequence prediction (read: predicting the next word in a sequence) was described in 2017. It has been happening for a long time. It just picked up wind and hype recently. It has its flaws like any other tech. It's not a magic bullet, not perfect and it's, while amazing, overhyped a little. But it's still powerful if applied correctly.

i love that song

And it is mostly garbage.

But when they hit the atmosphere, you have to sonsider the center of mass collision energy, which for a fixed target experiment goes like the square root of beam energy…so I’ll let you run the numbers.

Yes, the highest energy cosmic rays collide with an order of magnitude greater energy than is achieved in the LCH [1]. This guy is simply wrong. He is promoting his own institution and flagrantly overselling the uniqueness of the experimental conditions. It's an impressive achievement. But that's no excuse for spreading misinformation. And shame on Be Smart for yet again failing to fact check the people they interview. 1. LaHurd, D. V. (2017). "Searching for Quark Gluon Plasma Signatures in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays"

Ikr? I mean how? Why? Wtf?