A very ingenious and noteworthy invention. This was a little more complicated than I anticipated but certainly much more efficient for the boiler by injecting it with heated water.
There is a slight modification of this application to generate vacuum in vessels. They are called Steam Ejectors, they are used as vacuum pumps in refineries to produce vacuum in vessels for process requirements, and yes they are also used as gas compressors to pump out gases from negative spaces in vessels to incinerators which operate at higher pressures. They are preferred over traditional rotary equipment because of their high reliability (since they don't have moving parts), and low operational costs.
Excellent tutorial. I'll recommend it to all my pals in the miniature steam loco and traction engine community. You only missed two points: The injector body *must* be cold for it to work, as does the feed water. It will warm up enough through absorbing the heat of the steam driving it to not excessively cool the water in the boiler. I'm waiting for confirmation of a collection appointment for my 'new' 3" scale Traction engine which has a hand pump, a crank driven pump and a steam injector.
a man of many parts why does it have to be cold? And I don’t get how the water goes from the delivery cone in to the boiler? Is there a suction or something?
This is essentially the same mechanism as a steam jet air ejector in steam turbine power plants of all sizes....from tiny submarine power plants to thousand-megawatts commercial plants. The turbines must exhaust into a very high vacuum to mazimize the cycle efficiency. An air ejector is used to draw and maintain that vacuum in a huge condenser that can handle the total amount of steam flow, returning it to the boiler feed pumps as condensate. The air ejector exhaust is routed to its own small water cooled condenser to recover the condensate. Once a vacuum is established, there is practically no air to be exhausted.
Ejector - or specifically eductor - pumps are common in aircraft fuel systems for using a smaller amount of flow from a mechanical pump to move a larger volume from one tank to another.
For me, a surreal meme connoisseur, the most jarring thing about the robot voice is that it's delivering information a 3+1 dimensional like me can comprehend.
Video má jednu chybu! Voda v nádrži musí byť postavená vyššie ako injektor,aby sa k nemu dopravovala samospádom...injektor nemá schopnosť vodu nasávať z miesta položeného nižšie pod jeho úrovňou...skúste si naštudovať Giffárdov parný injektor. S pozdravom
It was implied in the video, but not stated directly that the injector's pressure must be higher than that of the boiler for the check valve to open. While the injector builds pressure, it will circulate water in the atmospheric pressure holding tank. Thank you for your explanation.
Well, it should be impossible to overcome 150psi of boiler pressure with 150lbs of boiler pressure, but the injector makes this possible. I was always told that the pressure head was converted to a velocity head as the steam mixed with the incoming feedwater and gave up its heat energy to the water, thus raising the pressure in the feed line over that of the boiler, kicking open the check valve and allowing the water to feed into the boiler. I know before the injector was invented, there were usually steam powered or axle-driven piston pumps used to put water in the boiler, the pumps' output pressure being higher than the boiler could ever go. The beauty of the injector is that it has virtually no moving parts, and does the same job.
russ1618 maybe it's a terminology thing, but the injector wont circulate water... its typically dumped out on the ground, on locomotives anyway, that way the engineer can see if it 'picked up'... When the injector picks up it does it in a snap literally, and leaks practically nothing while running. Maybe a couple of drops. And it makes a characteristic shreik when it's running, otherwise it dumps a lot of water everywhere, and you shut it off and try again. They are somewhat temperature sensitive, over heat one and it wont work and you have to flow cool water through it to cool it.
I used to work in the food industrie were I operated a freezer dryer on the vacuumchamber principle which drew its vacuum via a steam driven ventury. Basicly the same principle only we pumped out air instead of water.
Though testing some other steam operators and myself found the the injector process is highly temperature dependent. If the temperature of the injector is high enough the injector will cease to function and has to be cooled in order to inject water.
My self Marine engineer and being very curious about Steam locomotives . This clip cleared my doubts. However if I can get some information about below. Superheated steam is used for steam reciprocating engine after work completion why this steam is dumped as in Marine field it is going through the steam condenser and back to water reservoir we call it cascade tank. Is there any manual pump for water transfer to Boiler during cold start as steam injector need pressure
Good, Complex Subject explained simly, Like Vrusb said, I am exploring this for HVAC ammonia pump application and shall be happy if you can guide me where I can get these, or I plan to develop one for myself, and look forward for all support I can get
Great video - thank you for taking the time to put this together. It would be very nice if you could add the relative mass flows to this description. For example, how much steam is necessary to entrain how much water? Naturally this varies by application but a simple illustrative example would be quite informative. Again, many thanks Mekanizmaler!!
That is a good question. But there might be many reason people may use robotic voices. Maybe they have speech-impairment, stuttering or strong accent. However, they have some knowledge and they want to share that knowledge with people. I am hoping that with time they will make these robotic voices as real as a human voice. I am looking for that day, but I guess it is more difficult than we think it is. By the way, I wish I had as good voice as Morgan Freeman. His voice is music to my ears.
4:37 well you've got that bit wrong as the overflow is dumped lineside rather than pumped back to the steam loco's water tank which will warm the water up rendering both injectors useless
As shown this injector will not work, the water remaining between the combining cone and the diverging cone will cause turbulence and stall the injector. While running the overflow must be dry.
to make an injector work .you must turn on the water valve when it is flowing steady you pull the steam valve slowly at first then you listen for the steam and then jerk it open. if it works water goes in if not it goes out on the ground.at 2:00 am i FOUND I couldn't see any water in the glass I tried three times to make it work the fourth did I was 19 years old and thinking I was going to be blown to bits
Thank you for your comment and feedback. If you are doing this in age 19 and working up to 2AM, than you will be very good engineer, provided that your Math skills is as good as your machining skills.
Colorado & New Mexico bought a part of D&RGW rail road in 1970 .I was the person who fired the engine the first night. It took most of that day to get a head of steam and we were going to take the train to Chama the next day
Jeffrey, thank you for your visit and comment. As far as I know steam locomotive did not have a condenser. This was Achilles heel of steam locomotive. Not having a condenser required that they should replenish the exhaust water often. Also not having condenser reduced steam locomotive efficiency significantly. Steam injector required to push the replenished water to the boiler. If someone successfully adds a condenser to the steam locomotive, they would become viable again.
you may be interested in the Doble E steam car, Jay Leno has one. I believe that it had a condenser and re-circulated the boiler water (but not sure). The King Rose archives movie from 1924 does not show any steam escaping.
As an antidote to the moans about the computer voice, how would an English speaker communicate with, say, a Hindi speaker? You could try shouting slowly in English or use a voice synthesizer to bridge the language barrier.
nice clear explanation, thanks! As for applications, I remember reading many years ago about a steam powered model aircraft. To keep the weight down it had a flash boiler holding only a very small amount of water. I assumed it had a piston-in-cylinder pump to feed in cold water, but more likely it did it this way.
Rather than a pump, many model steam vehicles use a pressurised fuel tank to push fuel to the burners. Similar principle could be implemented for boiler feed water. May also be of note that full size rockets have very thin wall fuel tanks... the thin walls keeps the mass down. When unpressurised such tanks have little rigidity, but once pressurised, they work exceedingly well as structural elements.
The subject matter is interesting but once again the computer has won the day by removing the human touch to the descriptions. Why could this not be done with someone actually talking rather than some badly puctuatated chip doing the lecture. There are so many videos out now where this practice is the norm, or at least in the mind of the producer. PLEASE PLEASE , LETS HEAR PEOPLE DOING THE TALKING IGF NOTHING ELSE, IT THE THING THEY DO BEST.
When you are using steam injectors in locomotives, we do not need an external power source. In order to use a pump, you should use something else instead of steam.
@@seyhanersoy8989 so what I'm getting at is how much energy is used in boiler to fire injector? I looking into a diffeant application, I don't care how I get water into it, I just want the most efficient way of doing so. One could use electric pump powered by a on board generator. I'm only interested in the most efficient way of achieving high pressure fill cycle.... Thanks
@@6969smurfy Hi Dan, I made a google search about steam injector efficiency; Wikipedia says it has %98 efficiencies. If it is correct, this is excellent efficiency
@@seyhanersoy8989 hhmm to understand that correctly it would take 2% of the out put maybe? Somthing to think about. Sound like I would not have to worry about adding extra output on my boiler design. Thanks
Two things need to be understood to fully understand this injector. 1) fluids travelling through a divergent cone at super-sonic speeds gain velocity while loosing pressure. 2) fluids travelling through a divergent cone at sub-sonic speeds lose velocity and gain pressure. so the first convergent nozzle creates super-sonic steam and the divergent cone here only increases the velocity of the steam. ( refer to 1) ) After the water and steam mix within the second nozzle, the steam loses velocity and the water gains heat from the steam. This flow of hot water is now sub-sonic. This subsonic flow through the last divergent nozzle now acts to decrease the velocity but increase the pressure (refer to 2) )
Thank you I can see how the velocity reduces as the fluid flows through the divergent cone at all velocities but I must admit I cannot understand how it increases at supersonic speeds but decreases at subsonic speeds.I can see how if steam flows through a convergent cone it will increase in velocity so the total volume per unit of time that passes by a point will be constant since the diameter is smaller. Likewise going through a divergent cone since the diameter is larger the velocity will decrease so as to keep the volume per unit of time constant.How the diameter and the velocity increases without creating a vacuum behind it to suck the steam through even faster I must admit eludes me.
there's a whole science behind fluid behaviours in nozzles. look up videos on de laval nozzles and rocket nozzles, theres loads of information about it. admittedly most of it goes over my head too but apparently it works! also you might want to look up water hammer pumps. I believe that these injectors work base on some of those principles too about just slamming an incompressible liquid through a one way valve.
Harrison Long said "1) fluids travelling through a divergent..." *Convergent? As it is, it reads as if fluids behave differently above and below the speed of sound. I'd remove the clause "at super-sonic speeds" from both 1) and 2). You can edit your post.
For those unfamiliar with what a steam injector is, a brief description would be good. Otherwise, this appears to be a pointless recirculating machine.
As steam is used water has to be added back in. The injector does this. Without cold water and condensation the velocity doesn’t change, the pressure just equals and goes out the overflow
Dear Manfred, thank you your visit to my channel and your good intention to make this channel more user friendly. .I accept my part of the problem. However if you notice at the top right corner of the video there is a circular icon which is a link to newer version of the video. I guess you missed it. I also just put a link to annotation section of this video. Both link will take you same video with human voice,
