Hahahah. Absolutely love the avatars in the Bronze Age introduction. So glad you keep making these things. You have a way about you that is informative without being too authoritative...and really dang funny. Thanks for keeping this channel going. I'm a new fan!
You SAY that the Egyptians built the pyramids, but I WENT to the pyramids and they were made of a million, billion gigantonormous stones, and I was like "Whoa, I...like couldn't lift any of these heavy rocks. I couldn't even figure out how to move these rocks with a bunch of dudes to help me. So it must have been like aliens or atlanteans or something because otherwise I would know how these primitive old timey rock stackers did all the stuff they did." What do you say to that Mr. Smarty Pants Archaeology Guy? I'm still not sure why all the aliens wanted everyone they made contact with to stack rocks so much, but maybe stacking big rocks is, like, their version of tagging a planet or something.
You can level large areas through water, either in a wooden troth and just measuring the outer edges how high the water is above the ground, whatever it is, it needs to be the same to be level.
I don't buy the 340 stones per day figure. 340 stones dragged up a ramp made of what? Wear-resistant wet sand? Not only would it require several battalions of haulers as you say, but also teams of ramp repairers and builders getting in on the act constantly. And 340 stones per day had to be cut from the limestone at a cost of 1mm of copper saw for every 3mm of cut, so where was the unfathomable quantity of copper coming from? Where was the copper saw factory? Where are the copper saws in the archeological record? Where did the miles of cable and rope come from? Who fed this monstrous population of stone draggers and ramp repairers working 365 day a year. Who was doing all the other work that needs to be done to keep a civilisation running - between meals? I'm not one of the "even-more-ancient-civilisation" space cadets but I do think that we have to come up with better explanations than this. I've seen film of some archaeological twits trying to cut stone with copper and sand for an abrasive and calling a couple of millimetres of cut after half a day a proof statement but somebody is going to have to come up with a more convincing explanation. In short, the Egyptians had fewer people on the job and their own heavy lifting technology. They couldn't have stood the ludicrous inefficiency of the ramp theory.
Be careful the god of steel from the alter speed has lots of metallic friends . And I am a really proud member of Steel pisses on the green gang !!!! So take your hands off that metal computer you are a false prophet . Imperial King Emperor High Holy God of Steel shall not be taunted !!!
@@StefanMilo, as it happens, I was already subscribed to 'most all of the Iron Sucks Gang channels, as they are qualitative' more sound than many other such, and the others have been subscribed to also -thanks for that dude.
I've worked on huge projects and sites with thousands of men and women on a single site. Its absolutely not hard to believe that the manpower was there in abundance. It actually was probably a dream come true to be a part of such an amazing project and likely would have attracted very eager and highly skilled people from all over. I love the mystery around how they cut those stones and lifted some of the heavier stones.
That's a good point. Idk whether they were slaves, but in principle being part of the crowd to make this could have been a desirable thing. It's also possible that they would have been paid well, or that it got their family attractive perks or what not. There's something to be said about being part of a team that actually makes something worthwhile.
Especially when considered that most of the people probably working on it are farmers, of which in certain parts of the year cant attend the fields as the flood seasons set in.
This is what I don't understand. So aliens travelled across the universe to advance a bronze age civilisation and help them build stone triangles, but don't share their technology for space travel? And for a civilisation to have such an advanced writing system for them not to mention that aliens came and helped them build it.
Well to be honest they didn't write down much of anything on how the pyramids were built, you'd think for such a monumental project there would be scrolls left with the exact time frame, how many men, how they did it etc etc.
@@98Dreadboy They were build over 4,000 years ago. You honestly think the plans would last that long? We're lucky we know as much as we do about the Old Kingdom.
The Egyptians were religious zealots like most of us gibbons here today, quite mad, which says to me we are really such primitive creatures. We only have about one percent more DNA than Chimps but we think we are so much more clever, just think if a creature had one percent more intelligently evolved DNA than us how stupid it would make us look
What a fantastic video! The bronze age is the best age, especially considering all those wonderful aliens that came to visit and helped us build all of our monuments and temples. I yearn for the day of their return, so that they may finally reveal to us how they put the top of the pyramid on. My guess is a hovercraft with rope. Seriously though, a really great video.
@@StefanMilo I'm watching the playlist as I type this, it's really good so far. Wanted to ask you, are you familiar with the tomb of the "Griffin Warrior of Pylos"? I can stare at the Pylos agate found in his tomb for hours on end, imo it's the single most beautiful work of art from the BA. It hasn't gotten the attention it deserves. It rivals any great work of any age. I'm an ancient coin expert, I would go as far as saying that the greatest engravers of 5th cent bc in Sicily could not compete with the person that engraved the agate, it's that good. And the Sicilian engravers were the best the world has ever seen. Keep up the great work!
You know I haven't heard of that but i'll definitely look into it now. I'd love making videos on less covered aspects of archaeology and history. What coins do you study? Shame the Egyptians didn't have any.
@@StefanMilo The Egyptians eventually did have coins, but it came under Ptolemaic rule, but I don't think that's what you meant lol. I deal in Greek, Roman and Judaean coins, with Roman Imperial coinage being my primary area of focus. I've definitely noticed that you cover those wonderful niche areas of history that I so love, and that was partly my motivation for telling you about the Griffin Warriors tomb. It's a recent find which really shook the foundation of our perception of BA art. I think that the only comparable piece is the Minoan god boy statue, I don't recall what he's called. I'm curious, do you have a favorite dynasty? It's really easy to love the 18th. And Ramses III is highly underrated imho.
The alien mama-ship beamed down all blocks in no time like it was a Tetris. On the way back home they have stopped to pop a few crop circles in Great Britain and were back home before lunch, no sweat ;)
Here's the full playlist & underneath some corrections. Deffo the best thing you'll watch today! ru-vid.com/group/PL4kqG-CL4ToARSQlWqu6jRzeEnbFAQCkB&jct=ehHtt9DaoZ3ysm_4jLwudD5PLBJFkg&disable_polymer=1 Corrections: The grand gallery is not lined with granite, just the King's chamber. The trial passages are to the east of the great pyramid and to the north of the Queen's pyramid. My bad guys, misread a couple things.
Khufu's pyramid has 8 sides (not including whatever's on the bottom).Too many people take the Pyramids for granite. That was one of my father's jokes. I'm one of my mummy's. But seriously folks...
This whole playlist: Well researched - educated guesses explained and presented as such (not as straight forward facts) - excellent presentation - 100% informative - 100% captivating PEARL of RU-vid 10/10 THANK YOU
History Channel content nowadays: Not researched - insanely childish guesses presented as facts - presentation by people (like Giorgio Tsoukalos) with less factual knowledge then.. well, bronze age people - 0% informative - 100% bullshit
I'm sure some of you much smarter than me can blow holes in this, but we still use string today to level and square things. I'm thinking a string up the side of the pyramid once the angle was established by the first two courses of stone could have gone a long way to keeping the sides at a constant level. Once you lay out the 1st course, you put course 2 in place and by adjusting how close that course is to the outside of course 1 will determine the angle of the side of the pyramid. 2 stone closer to the edge, steeper angle. Farther from the edge, not as steep. Mix to taste, but then once that is established, attach the string to the upper outer edge of the first course and bring it up to where it just touches the upper outer edge of course 2. Put course 3 roughly in place and pull the string up so that it barely touches course 2 and then make the final adjustment of the course 3 stone. As long as each course touches the string, the side will be the angle created by the first two stones.
Good point. As a technician, I have to note that the distance between the reference points significantly affects accuracy. I think line of sight is the key. If you can sight along two points A and B 100m distant, then finding a point on the line 1m distant from point A is very accurate. So my theory would be: They would have built wooden scaffolds, of maybe 10m tall, to hold points to sight against (surely a trivial task given the magnitude of the whole pyramid project). Once you have built 10m of the height of the pyramid, you can use the sides of the pyramid to sight against. The higher the pyramid gets, the longer the sighting distance gets, and the more accurate the extrapolation of the line to the higher levels.
@@mikefabbi5127 String is a very fine thing! Works well unless it’s very windy. As for level, the Egyptians were probably aware that water surfaces are level. When I was building my House of Steel back in the early noughties, I was lent a laser level. Quickly reverted to my primitive water level. It was quicker and easier to use.
It’s always simple things like this that could explain the building process. I seen villages before where they have some cool granary structures or make large canoes for traveling and it’s always something simple and logical to how they build, I end up saying oh of course that’s how you do that.😂
The French architect gives convincing evidence that an internal ramp was utilized and the Grand Gallery also played a big part in the hauling of granite. Well worth the 55 mins. in view time. Cheers...
@@robertrobertJ You don't know what you are talking about. The Scan Pyramids Project found no evidence, none, zero, zip for an internal ramp. They did find some evidence of voids, but not voids that indicate or suggest an internal ramp. Houdin did have some basis for his internal ramp theory, but it has now been disredited by the muography study.
Excited about this collab Stefan! As I was telling Jake, I find the Bronze Age pretty fascinating. I know it's cliché but it always baffles me to think that the great pyramids were as old for Cleopatra as she is to us. I wish we could know more about this period. It makes you wonder how much of history is gone because none of it survived to us.
"it always baffles me to think that the great pyramids were as old for Cleopatra as she is to us." -> In fact, probably only the refurbishing by Kufu dynasty was as old for her than her for us. The building of these pyramids was probably FIVE TIME older to her than she is to us. She's 2ky old, pyramids were 2ky ago refurbished at her age, and 10ky old build.
Great choice of background! Some folks say that the blocks in the pyramids were so heavy (about 2.5 tons apiece) that we no longer have the technology to stack them in large numbers. And yet I spent a whole summer as part of a small crew of 8 people, doing the impossible; placing thousands of 4,000-5,000 lbs (about 2-2.5 ton) gravity blocks on retaining walls that stretched along several US freeway extensions. And we weren't the only crew, there were others in metropolitan area and I'm sure there were others throughout the state and throughout the country. Just in tonnage, based on some basic multiplication and DOT filings, we placed more of these puzzle-piece retaining blocks in the last 23 years than Egypt did in it's entire history.
@@hanbanaroda They were for sure craftier back then compared to humans today, just because we have more general knowledge today doesn't make us more intelligent I agree.
I don't know why, but I'm obsessed with Mr Milo's channel. He presents things in an approachable, genuine, sometimes humorous way that other youtubers could learn from.
I watched a documentary where an architect came up with a more likely way of building the great pyramid. His computer design lead to the idea that there is a spiraling tunnel on the inside of the pyramid similar to a multi story parking garage. I feel like that is the most likely way it was built. From the inside out, after the first 20 meters using a ramp.
A water filled trench around the site would provide perfect level. i have seen an experiment where teams of men levered stones up from level to level, each team staying on the same level. I hope someone cracks the answer soon as I'm getting on.
I heard a theory that the granite was cut with sandsaws: basically saw handles with no blade, under which they'd just pour sand. They'd rub the sandsaw back and forth, using the sand itself to cut stone. Apparently it works, and you're never going to run out of sand, because as you work, you get more and more granite sand. As for what the postholes do... I dunno, to me it seems obvious that people would wrap ropes around these posts and use them as pulleys.
@Oftin Wong sand isnt just quartz, and granite is made of 20-60% quartz anyway you idiot. Granite and silica sand are the same on the mohs scale pretty much both are 6-7, and you really think a saw handle and sand would work to cut granite? No it wouldnt you fucking idiot so shut up you ent smart.
Took them a few days to get 2 inches hahahahahaha you fucking spastic. You know why it takes that long? Because granite is as hard as sand you stupid muppet. So you have proven yourself wrong.
@@maxanom6234 Sure, equate the progress of some dweebs who've never done it before to people who were professionals at the time. I assume you have never noticed this, Mr. Tourette's, but the smaller something is, the harder it is to break. And even if the sand does break, it's still effective at cutting the stones. But sure, aliens.
@Oftin Wong okay then mate the Egyptians very clearly cut granite with sand and saw handles, you clearly provided such good evidence. Because "sand is quartz" oh wait no its not sand is made of multiple materials. And because "sand is harder than quartz" oh wait no it's not they are the same have a little look on Google since it seems you like it so much. And because "there is plenty examples" oh wait no there isnt you showed me one example and yes the sand does cut it, but it cuts it at an extremely slow rate making it a completely useless way to cut anything so obviously wasnt used to create blocks for the pyramids. So I think maybe you are stuck in your head a little instead of looking at the facts here.
I get why ancient aliens conspiracies are appealing to so many folks. 1) it plays on the underlying belief (desire?) that a lot of people have that we are smarter/more-special than ancient 'ignorants', so it's impossible for them to have thought as cleverly as we do & been crafty enough to accomplish things that we still find impressive; 2) it helps reinforce some eurocentric (read: bigoted) beliefs that would prefer it if the presence of advanced native-african (or new world) civilizations like we have so much evidence for along the Nile & the east coast of the continent could be discredited by attributing all of their accomplishments up to extraterrestrials; now that it's become harder to pretend that it was secret white people like the Hamitic "hypothesis". 3) like all conspiracy theories it simplifies things so that rather than facing the reality that life on earth is the result of billions of independent wills pulling our species in all directions at all times, you can just blame everything on the lizard people secretly controlling everything; 4) it's more fun than a long slog with a lot of blood, sweet & tears; even if others of us enjoy finding out that the ancient builders of the pyramids who toiled away to achieve these amazing constructs, received part of their salary in beer 5) as more & more of us become convinced that intelligent must exist somewhere else in the universe...which in turn means that there's a good chance that it is wide-spread throughout the universe; given how far from the center & oldest portions of the universe our galaxy sits...we want to think that we are special enough for them to have visited us; which leads either to ancient aliens -- be they pyramid builders/atlanteans or the cause of conscious thought -- or to Area 51 & modern lizard people. 6) if life on earth was sparked by meteors bringing some of the building blocks of life to the planet, then we are in a way the result of ancient aliens even without intelligent life from other planets having played a part in our history. So on a very metaphorical level there's a ring of truth to the idea, one that is simply taken too a literal extreme because of the previous factors.
I think “aliens” are used by mainstream academics to disregard any other theories but no one is saying aliens. Some people just don’t think that copper tools were able to make these enormous monolithic stones and then dragged these stones to the sites miles out. Some of these stones are 10-30 tons which means a ramp like the ones used in mainstream theories aren’t liable.
There is a French architect who quit his job to study how the pyramid was built. I think he nailed it -even found a use for the holes on the sides of the ramp. I can't remember what the documentary was called though, I'd love to see it again.
I wish that this was covered more, as it appears that no one is even considering this. It is a decent suggestion, that uses available technology of the time (and not aliens or Atlanteans), yet it seems that because Houdin is not a part of the Egyptian Archeological Society, his theory is being dismissed. Hell, you hear more about advanced ancient societies than him.
@@blowfishes "available technology at the time" which includes hauling 3 ton stonnes around a spiraling ramp, how do you maneuver around the corners? :D just shove it? 340 stones per day, while also working in there to align every single stone to perfection.
That's a great way to accumulate errors. Line-of-sight is probably the best way to keep something straight over those distances, just as lasers & theodolites do today. As for possible ramps blocking LOS, I'm sure it wouldn't have been beyond Egyptian capabilities to leave culverts for sighting through.
The fact they don't have anything aligned with magnetic north shows they didn't know about electromagnetism. Had they known that a piece magnatised metal would point northish surely they would be amazed and base some aspect of their relgion acknowledging this northish phenomenon; but they don't. They knew true by watching the sun and stars. That's it. You don't need anything more than a stick and stones or a flat fence and rope. (Night time true north method).
i don't understand 'the great mystery about the ramps' at all. just build a straight ramp. period. the romans did that during the siege of masada as well. yes, that was 2,5k years later and they didn't move stones, but then again they were under attack while building it and allegedly drove a freaking siege tower up there.
Rey is in Star Wars, Ra, on the other hand... Old Archeology, whatever they didn't understood had something to do with religion. They needed some life experience, instead of getting the servants to do every thing
How did they stack a big pile of rocks? Money and manpower. How did they get it so accurate? Smart people checking it every day for 20 yrs. How did they cut hard stone? They built lots of things with stone for thousands of years, they got good at it. Being expert stone masons is exactly what you would expect from a civilization that had thousands of years without combustion engines, electrical power, high strength steel fabrication, or concrete.
I read that the dolerite balls were actually not round when they were working with them and had hard edges. They became round as they were used and the round balls were then used for another task. Given that you would need round balls in the later phases of construction it makes sense they would be found at the end of construction. I found this info from an academic source that was explaining the giant obelisk with the so-called "scoop marks" and the video was explaining the process of burning super hot fires and then banging out those scoop marks by hand with the dolerite balls with the harder sharp edges not the round ball style tool. I would love to see a video about this subject because every alternative history channel covers this huge obelisk and it is easily explainable using techniques we know the Egyptians used.
Insight into manpower moving heavy objects. I work at a vineyard and had to help my boss move around wine, we had a pallet jack to aid us but it's not much different than using rollers or sleds. The two of us, just two of us, moved wine 3/4ths of a ton at a time. Moved about 2,500lbs of wine in total in about an hour. If two men can move 3/4s of a ton, then surely 8 men could easily have moved two or three tons. Mind you, I'm not at peak physical health or strength.
So after watching this video a video from the Universe Inside You was recommended to me. I got sucked in watching a video on a theory the pyramids are electrical power sources. And how there are civilizations on the moon! Oh and how the moon was PLACED where it is in space by aliens. Darn it Stefan Milo!!!
@@StefanMilo hey I'm a fan of those and your video was good too. Some of us like to counter balance our wild imaginations. I pretty much went down the same rabbit hole Shannon did, but to me it was a lot of fun, no regrets whatsoever :P
My theory: I think, in reality, the ancient Egyptians would have been able to build the pyramids a lot faster, with a lot less men than what these estimates assume. This is because I understand, in science, more conservative estimates are generally preferred, and Stefan clearly said these estimates are based on what the average modern man is capable of. Which means these estimates are ignoring the fact that these were farmboys - ancient farmboys, with primitive tools. These boys worked unimaginably hard all day, almost every day of their lives. You ever try to arm wrestle a farmboy? I consider myself slightly above average in strength by city-boy standards, if I can't win an arm wrestle I can usually at least give a decent fight. But with these farmboys there's no way, they slammed my arm down immediately with no effort, every single one of them. I feel like a team of ancient Egyptian farmboys could haul more stone, faster, and with less men than what your average modern men are capable of.
20 to 30 years ago an American civil engineer visited the pyramids. He thought he figured it out. A pair of sliding ramps attached together with rope. This rope would go over the pyramid with the ramps on either side. When one ramp was at the bottom, the other was at the top. One group of men would push the stone onto the bottom ramp, while the other group would climb up the pyramid and get on the upper ramp. When the men on top balanced the stone on the bottom, the manned upper ramp would slide down while the loaded ramp and stone would travel up. The civil engineer published this theory, and was ridiculed. So he returned to the pyramid and found the rope marks. The ancient people were smart, and had a lifetime to think about things. They didn't waste energy. I know this is two years late, but whatever.
I would of thought they used string/rope lines to keep to the precise angles and degrees, held up by scaffolding, but some stones are up to 200 tonnes, a lot more than 2.5.
@@ultrafeel-tv Not Herodotus. They told him it was built by Khufu (Cheops in Greek). Even so that was thousands of years after the Pyramid was built. Two inscroptions dated to it's construction say it was Khufu. The wadi el jarf papyrus and the "Friends of Khufu" inscription inside the pyramid. Which is in an extremely hard to access part of the pyramid. Not placed there during any renovation.
@@StefanMilo I think the evidence you speak of is coming straight from people who covered-up\obscured what likely took place there (Egyptologists working for the Egyptian Government).
In the image shown of the sledge being drawn, you can see an individual carrying a large notched log. Perhaps this was used in concert with the post holes in some way to periodically heave the stone a short distance up the ramp before resting in a sort of “heave, heave, heave!” Motion.
Like a ratchet, the log prevents the stone from retreating, and can be moved up the ramp in pairs using the post holes to hold them or anchor them somehow?
If you have two sticks in a 90 degree angle and you have a third stick attached in the required angle of building. You can place this triangle on the base with the bottom crossing at the edge of the stone. The next row of stones should be placed against the straight up stick and the height of the stone should be at the top crossing of the triangle. Now you have the required angle between the base stones and the next row. If you follow this rule every next row of stones you will get a consistent angle all the way to the top of the pyramid.
They had oxen I find it hard to believe that all of the pulling of block was done with groups of people exclusively like it seems many Egyptologists seem to suggest also they were sailors post holes sound like a good anchor point for block and tackle rigs on a ramp I assume you're not talking about something the size of a 4x4 more like a telephone pole for atleat some of the posts and being able to pull in eather direction when using draft animals having a fence of some kind keeping the animals out of the path just a rope probably would have been enough might explain some of the other holes. Not a expert just some guy who moves heavy crap in the woods sometimes thinking.
I've watched my father cut sharpening stones out of boulders collected from the river before. He scores a line on the top and sides of the block then puts a long dull sword looking piece of metal to the top line and hits it a few times really hard and the block of stone breaks straight a part following the lines. If you chalk a line across the center topside of the blocks, it makes it easy for novice laborers to align the next block and the next layers of blocks.
Love you video and your enthusiasm considering the conditions. Personally I like Jean-Pierre Houdin's internal ramp theory of how the pyramids MIGHT have been built. Keep up the great work.
The ancient Egyptians actually aligned their pyramids to the north with the stars. This can be seen from the later pyramids being progressively turned at a slightly different angle than the older ones, as the Earth tilted its axis away from what was the polar star at the time.
4:50 If they did use copper saws (definitely IMHO), they wouldn't necessarily lose the copper blades. Just take the fallen sand from the cutting technique, and heat it. The tiny bits of copper that had worn off the blade would be in the sand. Heat the residue sand, the copper would melt and percolate to the bottom. In a molten state it could be recast.
so you do that how many times for each tool? 100 years is the official timeline, right? how many resources devoted to the pyramid is that? and just to bury a guy that's not there anymore? while there's a Valley of Kings for pharaos to be buried? Sounds sketchy to me.
@@karsten11553 as far as we know, they didn't ever start using the pyramids as tombs. Even if we find a mummy in one of them, that wouldn't necessarily mean that being a tomb was the main purpose of the pyramids.
You mentioned that ramp with the post holes...I saw a documentary where a similar setup exists inside the Great gallery, and the archeologist showed how it functioned as a ramp and counterweight setup to haul stones up the pyramid...replete with wear marks, etc. Search it out, best theory I've seen on how the upper pyramid section was constructed
Wow finding a 20 degree ramp with staircases and post holes on each side sounds a lot like a really effective way to turn ropes to pulling crews who are stepping downhill comfortably on clean level stairs. This adds much applied work detail that is always missing from speculative ideas and suggests drilling and cutting methods are probably also far better developed than we can think up.
oh the answer is to just move 340 gigantic stones per day for 20 years. up 20 degree ramps (how many ramps?) you realize the ramps have to be bigger than the pyramid itself? :D
it also seems like the most reasonable way to do it. using the pyramid itself as the ramp rather than waste time making yet another huge structure alongside it.
@@Kalleosini Not to mention that if it were a single ramp, that ramp would have to be MASSIVE, as in it would be larger than the Pyramid itself. So you would expect there to be some traces left of it if it was that big, but there isn't any. It can't have been a spiral ramp either because turns would have been impossible and making sure the Pyramids edges were correct would be difficult. The internal ramp just seems to make the most sense, but unfortunately there isn't much physical evidence to prove its existence.
@@marvelfannumber1 and there shouldn't be much evidence of it, unless we dismantle the pyramid itself to look for traces of wear on top of the blocks inside. which we wont do because we're preserving the whole site.
They mastered concrete! They poured. Period. Stone age lasted millions of years. New stone age before the advent of metalworking lasted about 5000 years. You think for thousands of years working with stones they never advanced and always used tools to cut them? Our current internet age is less than 100 years old. Can you imagine next 5000 years of working with internet, we would still be using cable and cell phones? No, we would advance to something unimaginable to us now. Bottom line is that they knew about stones much more than us because they've been working with them for thousands of years. You don't have to be a genius to figure this out. It's common sense.
@homebo precisely. it seems people are automatic experts in egyptology but sound like retards when they try to explain themselves. glad you gave some common sense here. people here can be dense..
But aliens... and big foot. And time traveling Elvis. Your description was just all too realistic and likely. Lol Great job and dedication to put up with the snow!
If I had to guess what the post holes were for on the ramp I'd say you tie the sledge off when you reach each one, so the sledge doesn't break free and slide back down the ramp. But I'm just some dude on youtube.
Great video After studying this very topic for the best part of my 74 years, I myself have come to some controversial conclusions: That they had iron tools. What percentage of their tools were iron, bronze or copper I'm not sure, but for the granite I suspect iron. A video from Ancient Architects shows the location of an iron ore mine on the Gizeh plateau which probably dates from the 4th dynasty. Secondly, I suspect that the Great Pyramid was built in stages, corresponding to the 3 "tombs", and that the building was finally completed by Kufu....and that Kufu did at least build the upper chamber, grand gallery and "relieving chambers" I think is now beyond dispute...but the "Queen's chamber" and the "cellar" ?? What really fascinates me is whether the whole complex was a single design - which I think it was - or whether they pyramids were build one after the other - I suspect they were all built at the same time as some sort of pattern and I think Bauval is right about this... As for the Sphinx.......
One say, the Pyramids were built by aliens. I say, if the aliens did build this impressive monument they wanted to show this primitive descendants of apes that just learned to stand upright how to build it rightly. Given the very complex geometry of the pyramids and the complicated calculation required for this build, we can assume if Aliens built the Pyramids of Gize they'd had built it upside down.
Coming from a building background, I’m still unsure how it was possible to lay that many blocks per day, for 20 years straight. It basically works out to be 13.1 blocks per hour were laid, over the course of the 20 years. If on average the block were 2.5 tonne, and you could somehow get 10 workers to each get both hands on the block, they are still lifting and moving 250kg each. You try and lift and move a 250kg block up into place. You can’t, we just don’t have that strength. Even if they were using lifting methods, it would take hours to position just 1 single block into place and get it right. You speak how it’s still unknown how they levelled the site, but they would constantly need to be re checking the level as they built up. They would have so many errors and would need to take blocks off and re position them to get it right. I’d say every 2m in height, they’d need it to be fairly bang on level, else it would be so far out of shape by the time it got to 10m high.l, let alone 150m. I like all the facts you rattle off, but it’s insanity. 13 blocks per hour, up a ramp, with hundreds of workers trying to pick up a 2.5 tonne block and place it, get out of the way of the next block. That’s 1 block every 5mins. Add in mistakes, errors, accidents etc etc. there is simply no way. Go to a building site today and see how long things take to be built. Even with lots of man power. Even with the latest technology and machinery.
It only took around 3.6 years to build the Burj Khalifa, which is a lot more complex a construction than a regular pile of stones, and the Egyptians had masses of manpower
I think it is hilarious that people now wonder how the Egyptians moved such huge stones with only manpower yet none surprised that the biggest obelisks today are not in Egypt because the Romans picked them up and transported most them to Europe. With basically the same tools Egypt had access to.
Very interesting insight indeed. However, I still incline to the other theories. As you mentioned at the end of the video.. HOW on earth did they stack those massive stone blocks on top of each other? Why were the pyramids build atop of a water reservoir? What is the purpose of the inner shaft / tunnel system? WHY aren´t there any hieroglyphs in the pyramids? WHY wasn´t there any mummy discovery inside the pyraminds (literally. there was no mummy found in a pyramid, ever.)? How did they manage to build the Great pyramid in the center of the earths landmass? And why aren´t the pyraminds EVER mentioned in the hieroglyphs?? It´s all confusing. Dang!
Built atop a water reservoir because they used an inner well to lift water to each succeeding level of rise... thus answering how they kept it square at the top as the video-maker rightly wonders about... this is a little known fact I will be revealing with diagrams, etc. down the road a bit on my channel....
1. How did they stack those massive stone blocks on top of each other? The video provides an answer for the lower levels, and a possible explanation for higher levels. It would've been hard work, and probably require a great deal of practical know-how and some geometric understanding - but we know that the Egyptians had all that, and the pyramids do exist, so clearly they made it work. 2. Why were the pyramids built atop of a water reservoir? Do you have a source on the water reservoir? I tried googling it, but I just found mentions by conspiracy theorists. 3. What is the purpose of the inner shaft/tunnel system Something related to the construction or inspection? Doesn't strike me as particularly mysterious. 4. Why are there no hieroglyphs in the Great Pyramid? Well, why are there no emojis on gravestones? The answer is likely that trends in decoration changed over time. For a long time, it's quite possible that they preferred more austere, minimalistic decoration of the grave chambers. For example, the first stepped pyramid, that of Pharaoh Djoser, contains hieroglyphic inscriptions in the grave room, and it also has a ton of caskets and boxes which were inscribed with the names of previous rulers. Then there is a long gap with no hieroglyphic decorations inside the grave chambers, but by the Fifth Dynasty, these decorations return, in the Pyramid of Pharaoh Unas. EDIT: Turns out there were some hierglyphics left inside the Great Pyramid. They weren't decorations, though, but probably left by builders for practical purposes during construction: www.nbcnews.com/id/43314221/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/mystery-pyramid-hieroglyphs-it-all-adds/#.XH6eaYhKhPY Here are hieroglyphics from the grave chamber of Pharaoh Tetit, who was the son-in-law of Pharaoh Unas: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/T%C3%A9ti-textes.jpg 5. Why has there never been discovered a mummy inside the pyramids? Well, first off, there actually has been recovered human remains inside a pyramid: they found parts of Pharaoh Djoser's mummified foot inside his still-present sarcophagus in his stepped pyramid. However, secondly, the more clear answer is: grave robbing. Pyramids REALLY stand out against everything else, they are giant monuments rumored to have treasures in them. So they got robbed. And there were several thousand years to rob them. We do have mastabas though (mastabas were grave-mounds that the Egyptians used before they began making pyramids) where we have found full remains of mummies and bodies inside them. Mastabas have the benefit that they are less conspicuous against the horizon. Inside them we also find such things as sarcophagi (which we also find in pyramids, albeit usually empty and looted), and grave goods. We also find these in the later style of tombs, the cavern tombs in the Valley of Kings and such. There has also been discovered a full sarcophagus in the pyramid of Pharaoh Menkare, which is also located at Giza. So we know there used to be bodies in there - but as I said, they were looted. 6. How did they manage to build the pyramid in the center of Earth's landmass? Where the centre of Earth's landmass is depends on what you regard as the outer limits. People have have gotten results such as lower Egypt, Turkish Anatolia, and even Romania: gis.stackexchange.com/questions/83022/calculating-centroid-of-all-lands-of-earth-using-sql-server-spatial In the end, it's a pointless issue, but a "center of Earth's landmass" does not have any specific significance, nor would the Egyptians have known about the Americas, Antarctica or Australia in order to find one. The answer is mostly that the Egyptians built their pyramids next to the Nile. Because that's where they lived. 7. Why aren't the pyramids ever mentioned in the hieroglyphs? Did you miss the papyrus in the video that explicitly talked about Khufu's pyramid? Here's more on it: www.history.com/news/egypts-oldest-papyri-detail-great-pyramid-construction Here are the Pyramid Texts, a series of holy prayers which were written on the pyramids at Sakkara, which date from the 5th and 6th Dynasties (around 2500 BC). In "Utterance 600", they explicitly mention pyramids, since they were written to protect them, of course: www.history.com/news/egypts-oldest-papyri-detail-great-pyramid-construction
@@nakenmil thanks for this. glad someone is here to explain in full detail with links to show these people who are automatic experts in egyptology what it's like to know a thing or two..
Just watched this vid again and something struck me. The ratio of width to height is 1.57 and if the cap was on it would be closer to 1.61. !.61 is sometimes referred to as P and crops up all over the place. The implication is that the Egyptians might have known of this ratio.
