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How the Wealth Gap Drives Imbalances in Global Trade & Finance | Michael Pettis 

Hidden Forces
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In Episode 137 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with professor of finance at Beijing’s Peking University, Michael Pettis. Profesor Pettis’ research has focused mainly on Chinese financial markets, global trade & capital flows, and central banking. He spent seventeen years on Wall Street running fixed-income trading and capital market desks and has advised governments on privatizations of national banking systems and commercial bank debt restructuring & loan issuance.
In their latest book, “Trade Wars are Class Wars,” Michael Pettis and his co-author Matthew Klein argue that rising inequality within countries heightens trade conflicts between them. The entire conversation lasts for approximately two hours and we devote the first hour to understanding how balance of payments and capital flows-themselves heavily dependent on the dynamics of wealth and income distribution within a country’s borders-can generate imbalances in trade, asset prices, interest rates, debt levels, and currency valuations, often leading to misallocations of capital for the surplus and deficit countries alike.
The second hour is devoted to applying this balance of payments framework to specific economies-namely, the United States, the Eurozone, and China. Demetri and Michael discuss how the financial instability generated from the sorts of imbalances discussed in this episode are now seeping into our systems of government, turning a financial crisis into a political one.
For Super Nerds and Autodidacts, you will want to consult your rundowns and have your transcripts handy for this episode. There are links in the rundown to many of the concepts and theories discussed, as well as charts and images that are relevant to the discussion.
You can access the overtime of Demetri’s conversation with Michael Pettis, as well as obtain copies of the transcript and rundown to this week’s episode through the Hidden Forces Patreon Page. All subscribers gain access to our overtime feed, which can be easily added to your favorite podcast application.
Producer & Host: Demetri Kofinas
Editor & Engineer: Stylianos Nicolaou
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Episode Recorded on May 16th, 2020
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20 сен 2024

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Комментарии : 51   
@HiddenForces
@HiddenForces 4 года назад
Hidden Forces is devoted to exploring the underlying forces driving the most powerful changes we see in the world. Would you like to support the show? Hit the subscribe button and check out our Patreon page for overtime segments, copies of the show's transcript, and exclusive rundowns. www.patreon.com/hiddenforces
@michaels4255
@michaels4255 4 года назад
Great interview. I always like hearing Pettis, a really smart guy who can connect the financial dots as few can.
@coogee126
@coogee126 4 года назад
Great interview. Michael pettis is a bloody genius. 🥰🥰He needs to write lots of books ....to share his deep knowledge about economy, history. Host is also very professional, ask quality questions and interact well with Michael.
@assertivekarma1909
@assertivekarma1909 4 года назад
A perspective that needs to be discussed more widely. Great work!
@charpentierdamien6601
@charpentierdamien6601 4 года назад
Was waiting to hear from Mr Pettis again for a very long time. Thanks
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
Thank you Demetri for injecting some sanity by pointing out asset price inflation!
@richardchen9912
@richardchen9912 4 года назад
wow this is a really complicated stuff that I might need to relisten a few times to really understand
@supreme7738
@supreme7738 4 года назад
i back on my 3rd lol
@thebraziliangardener8481
@thebraziliangardener8481 3 года назад
its worth it though
@mannysingh4715
@mannysingh4715 3 года назад
@27:15 somebody simplify explain this..how did they inflate away the debt?
@praveenrai6965
@praveenrai6965 4 года назад
Great interview!
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
Misallocated capital (malinvestment) and capital consumption are literally the same thing. Anything that is unprofitable is by definition consumption (waste).
@moremileyplease4387
@moremileyplease4387 4 года назад
Just bought his new book, my first from him, now that I know about it.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
Inequality is a feature not a bug. Stable and scalable distributions of wealth are by definition Pareto power law distributions, not normal bell curve distributions. See the work by Barabasi on Scale-Free Networks.
@nicolasbechara4686
@nicolasbechara4686 3 года назад
Can anyone help with the name he mentioned at 19:05 Alexander Gors..? Thanks
@samfindlay4775
@samfindlay4775 2 года назад
Alexander Gerschenkron
@tommyt1785
@tommyt1785 4 года назад
Good interview with former England soccer coach Fabio Capello.
@nonenone8201
@nonenone8201 4 года назад
Fascinating. This guy is has a way better vantage point on China vs what Ray Dalio is always talking about.
@eliterun6214
@eliterun6214 4 года назад
Interesting perspective so far (16 min in). I am a bit skeptical of taking his thesis as the sole, or even most important driver of saving rates however. Demographics are probably as much if not more important as people consume/save differently at different ages. We’ll see if he addresses
@anjankatta1864
@anjankatta1864 3 года назад
Demographics are under appreciated, thanks for bringing it up
@sandymilne224
@sandymilne224 Год назад
That’s an excellent point which Dimitri should have injected into the discussions.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
“Pushing wages down”... what a roundabout way to actually say what Jim Rickards said in Currency Wars. The problem is the collision between national currencies (monetary policy) with transnational capital flows. The solution isn’t to make capital flows illiquid/nationalized. The solution is to let national fiat currencies fail - as all fiat currencies must eventually do.
@kreek22
@kreek22 4 года назад
Savings rates are driven by government decisions, government characteristics are driven by "cultural variables"--therefore savings rates are driven by culture at one remove.
@RichHamilton777
@RichHamilton777 4 года назад
This guys is similar, yet even less interesting than my economics university professor that simply pointed at charts and graphs all class. “If this goes up, than this goes down!” Ok we get it... any way to add some color to this conversation?
@schumanhuman
@schumanhuman 4 года назад
Government creating public goods does not in itself solve the problem because landlords will still take the majority of the gains. The way to capture the externalities of investment, public or private is to tax it. A land value tax. That is not redistribution, but a return of the value created by the community which is otherwise an implicit subsidy to the landowner. Joseph Stiglitz wrote about this with his 1977 parer on the Henry George theorem. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_George_theorem We can measure the effects of investment by looking at the effects on local real estate prices. This was done here in the UK with our Jubilee train line extension in the 1990's, which cost around 3.4 Billion to finance but created a land value uplift around the new stations in excess of 11 billion, more than enough to pay for the investment over just a few years of LVT. Instead landlords pocket most of the gains and renters pay 3 times, via taxes, higher rents and forgone capital gains.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
schumanhuman there’s no such thing as “the community”. It’s methodological individualism entirely.
@schumanhuman
@schumanhuman 4 года назад
​@@seanwieland9763 Urban land value is almost entirely determined by agglomeration effects, which are determined by all the positive economic activities in the area. That is everyone and no one in particular, which could be called the community.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
schumanhuman wrong. It’s always and everywhere simply supply and demand. Prices are discovered by the subjective value of consumers.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
schumanhuman again, there’s no such thing as “the community”. Only individuals think. Only individuals act. “Society” is nothing more than the summation of individual actors.
@schumanhuman
@schumanhuman 4 года назад
@@seanwieland9763 ? Even if that were so it doesn't contradict my point about agglomeration effects. Just seems like you're trotting out standard Austrian market worship rather than addressing my point.
@milhousevanhouten3796
@milhousevanhouten3796 4 года назад
China has the highest investment rate because when they exchange dollars for RMB, the Chinese central bank creates new RMB to exchange. If they didn't RMB would skyrocket.
@milhousevanhouten3796
@milhousevanhouten3796 4 года назад
@Teringventje Nonsense, they have more credit/debt than the United States its just calculated differently.
@robertraystevens
@robertraystevens 4 года назад
yaaay
@ronallan8680
@ronallan8680 4 года назад
This Podcast made me feel like plankton. I hate being plankton
@markhartman6836
@markhartman6836 4 года назад
And pension funds sucks to be him
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
“Excess savings”... already this is a joke. 🙄
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
As the interview goes on, he doesn’t mean actual savings. He means inflation caused by government monetary expansion.
@laurentdrozin812
@laurentdrozin812 4 года назад
Actually excess savings are a thing. It's just that those savings are so concentrated at the moment, that nobody on the streets can see them. What do you think happened to all those trillions created after the 2008 crisis? Excess savings, that's what happened. Just not in your pocket, or mine.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
@@laurentdrozin812 there's no such thing as "excess savings" or "hoarding" wealth. It's all reinvested. People don't have Scrooge McDuck moneybins filled with gold coins. It's kept in banks deposits to back bank loans, or invested into stocks, bonds, etc. One person's savings is always someone else's investment capital.
@laurentdrozin812
@laurentdrozin812 4 года назад
@@seanwieland9763 I would argue that today's stock market has more in common with McDuck's moneybin than a fruitful investment. Oh, the valuation increases, but that is mostly due to liquidity inflation, not really fundamentals. The current developments are proof of that.
@seanwieland9763
@seanwieland9763 4 года назад
Teringventje lol, of course savings of real resources is always constrained. We don’t live in a post-scarcity world.
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