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How the World's Most Common Mineral was First Seen in 2014; Bridgmanite 

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The most common mineral on Earth was not seen by a single person until its discovery in 2014. Despite sounding like an impossibility, the mineral which comprised 38% of our planet's volume truly was not discovered until that year. Known as bridgmanite, this silicate mineral exists deep in our planet's lower mantle below 660 kilometers depth.
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Sources/Citations:
[1] Mindat, www.mindat.org/
[2] Mindat, Bridgmanite, www.mindat.org/min-45900.html
[3] Mindat, The Most Common Minerals on the Earth, By Jolyon Ralph, www.mindat.org/a/common_minerals
Bridgmanite
0:00 Minerals & Elements
0:39 Bridgmanite
0:56 Lower Mantle
1:33 San Carlos
2:23 Olivine Transition
3:12 Asteroids & Chondrites

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27 май 2024

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Комментарии : 281   
@rogerj.fugere3570
@rogerj.fugere3570 Месяц назад
Bridgemanite, don’t take it for granite.
@hispid1
@hispid1 Месяц назад
Gneiss one
@medea27
@medea27 Месяц назад
Geologist humour has entered the chat 🤣👍
@thomaswhittingham4666
@thomaswhittingham4666 Месяц назад
Sometimes schist happens.
@jmwoods190
@jmwoods190 Месяц назад
​@@hispid1 Ugh, I'm so igneous!
@ericryckman777
@ericryckman777 Месяц назад
When I was young, I was picking up the gravel in my uncles driveway. My uncle asked me if I was enjoying all the leverite on his driveway. I asked what is leverite? He said "leverite there!"
@shawnbottom4769
@shawnbottom4769 28 дней назад
"He just smiled and handed me a Brigdemanite sandwich".
@jameshatton4405
@jameshatton4405 18 дней назад
He said do you come from the land down under
@rocketmanzimm
@rocketmanzimm 16 дней назад
Thanks for clarifying the lyrics! I now understand the true strength from the land down under.
@HuckleberryHim
@HuckleberryHim 16 дней назад
That's what happens when you ask for no crust
@jameshatton4405
@jameshatton4405 10 дней назад
Veggiemite is an acquired taste that's for sure! There's certain times that a Veggie Sanga hits the spot just to give ya hiccups
@wiredforstereo
@wiredforstereo 28 дней назад
Just a reminder, asteroids do not float around in groups like in the movies. They are found at an average separation distance of nearly a million kilometers.
@amr8457
@amr8457 9 дней назад
Kuiper belt? Big group
@StuffandThings_
@StuffandThings_ Месяц назад
Its always freaky how much stuff is like, _right below us_ and we don't even know how it works. The vast majority of Earth's mass is in a pretty exotic environment, and we'll never really even get to see it. Its like how we know more about the surface of the moon than the deep ocean floor, yet even more extreme.
@haseo8244
@haseo8244 Месяц назад
And there are a ton of rarer minerals too.
@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7by
@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7by Месяц назад
interrobang
@marcgottlieb9579
@marcgottlieb9579 Месяц назад
@@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7by No wonder Geronimo wasn't a good farmer :)
@rikk319
@rikk319 Месяц назад
Except that, considering how common it is, it's not as exotic as the stuff we stand on, which is more rare.
@aaronfranklin324
@aaronfranklin324 Месяц назад
It's certainly crazy how ignorant even the "experts" with the highest reputations seem to be, and the problem is they are the most likely to tell you they know it all. I mean, we know there is at least 10x as much water below the surface of the land and seafloor, but how many people are prepared to admit that this water is in the form of a supercritical ionic fluid with over 100x the high explosive energy stored, as the same weight of TNT. It's in the catagory of things even the most informed and intelligent, really don't want to mention to anyone. 😮🙄😵
@vhhawk
@vhhawk Месяц назад
Another good reminder that all of life on Earth is a thin film of grease riding on the surface of a ball of heat and energy.
@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx
@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx Месяц назад
Thanks as always. The fact that an object (in this case, Bridgemanite) can be so common yet be discovered much later than would be expected is stunning!
@johnking6252
@johnking6252 Месяц назад
Over 6000 different minerals? Damn ! Ya learn something new every day. Thx. 👍 He said in a monotone voice. 👍
@dginia
@dginia Месяц назад
I cannot imagine the curiosity that drives people who make these discoveries and observations. My hat is off to you all!
@ts-900
@ts-900 Месяц назад
My theory is that Bridgmanite is just really shy and socially awkward.
@nils-erikolsson3539
@nils-erikolsson3539 Месяц назад
😂
@thomaswhittingham4666
@thomaswhittingham4666 Месяц назад
😂
@earkittycat5421
@earkittycat5421 Месяц назад
😂
@sgtbilkothe3rd
@sgtbilkothe3rd Месяц назад
😂Well, it is under a lot of pressure.
@ts-900
@ts-900 Месяц назад
@@sgtbilkothe3rd Exactly. And I can't get it out of my mind that the Earth is crunchy on the outside and chewy on the inside with a jawbreaker in the center.
@ClariNerd
@ClariNerd Месяц назад
I didn't expect the iron catastrophy being indirectly mentioned in this.
@irmaoksanen6830
@irmaoksanen6830 Месяц назад
So much we still have to discover and learn about our planet.
@user-uo9cy2ep2h
@user-uo9cy2ep2h 29 дней назад
"Like a Bridgemanite over troubled waters...
@rickkearn7100
@rickkearn7100 Месяц назад
Huh? Only here on GH would one become aware of such an interesting development.
@thePronto
@thePronto Месяц назад
Everything in this video (except maybe about diamonds) was new information for me. While that is great, I'm not sure how great it is, since having found the door to the Tardis, I know I have to go inside: and I'm not done finding out about the outside.
@user-ie1tz5rm8x
@user-ie1tz5rm8x 29 дней назад
Take a college class or two...this picture is painted in a broad brush , man doesn't drill this deep , it's all a little unknown. , at best
@niklazz7037
@niklazz7037 Месяц назад
Thank you, this has been one of your best videos imo. Excellent presentation!
@xwiick
@xwiick Месяц назад
Thanks for all of your hard work man!
@DJdoppIer
@DJdoppIer Месяц назад
I know it's not named after the town, but it's kinda cool to know that this rock shares the name of my hometown Bridgman, MI.
@28105wsking
@28105wsking Месяц назад
OMG! Un-obtanium!!!!
@mooredelira
@mooredelira Месяц назад
very interesting. Great info on the Olivine transition. Good illustrations. I thought the core is now thought to be made up of three parts, not just two parts.
@evlkenevl2721
@evlkenevl2721 26 дней назад
"Have you seen the bridgemanite?" "I ain't seen the bridgemanite!" "Where's that confounded bridgemanite?"
@-Katastrophe
@-Katastrophe Месяц назад
Check out that little magnetic chunk on that green rock.
@quitequiet5281
@quitequiet5281 Месяц назад
Awesome information and explanation!
@TomLaios
@TomLaios Месяц назад
What's with the echo and weird effects on the narrator's voice ?
@janjager2906
@janjager2906 14 дней назад
I could not finish the video due to the voice, it creeped me out.
@timknowlton1576
@timknowlton1576 10 дней назад
Bad ai, I’m assuming. Topic and information interests me, but the craptastic narration makes it nearly impossible to follow.
@anitamitchell3452
@anitamitchell3452 Месяц назад
Very interesting. Could we have show about meteorites?? Rarities to materials they are made of and what part of the universe do we think they came from?
@susiesue3141
@susiesue3141 29 дней назад
Thanks for sharing! 😊
@RobertCraft-re5sf
@RobertCraft-re5sf 28 дней назад
I remember when they discovered Ringwoodite, a blue hydrous mineral. A large percentage of Earth's water is predicted to exist way down in the mantle as Ringwoodite. They made it and imaged it in a diamond-anvil cell. (Maybe I'm remembering incorrectly, the Science article said it contained water.)
@shanehumphrey4827
@shanehumphrey4827 25 дней назад
It is not normal water it is heavy water that is part of a living organism that actually does a self destruct maneuver that the egg pod survives and because it is lighter it rises. !! It has a thick gooey heat protection coating known as it. And they are so clear you cannot detect them they are so weird of a creature. Science just wont acknowledge their existence because they did not put the time in to Prove they actually do!!
@mmaximk
@mmaximk Месяц назад
I love your explainers thank you so much.
@GWaters-xr1fv
@GWaters-xr1fv 11 дней назад
Great video. Explains many interesting scientific ideas succinctly and well. You can learn more in 4 minutes here than many hour-long lectures.
@chris_hisss
@chris_hisss 13 дней назад
This is so cool! Thanks for sharing!
@abj136
@abj136 28 дней назад
I now understand that Bridgmanite only forms under intense conditions such as occur in the mantle. I don’t understand why it’s believed to be the only formation in the mantle.
@rustyevolution6298
@rustyevolution6298 Месяц назад
This is the perfect speaking voice to listen to if you are trying to fall asleep.
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
lol that’s why i usually watch his videos twice😅
@hifinsword
@hifinsword Месяц назад
How is it that the 2 Feldspar minerals mentioned, composing 51% of the earth's crust, is a less common mineral that Bridgmanite that composes 38% of the earth's crust? Plagioclase-Feldspar by itself composes 39% of the earth's crust according to your own figures.
@MelvinWillikers
@MelvinWillikers 29 дней назад
Earth's crust vs mantle.
@thekinginyellow1744
@thekinginyellow1744 29 дней назад
Listen better. You will be tested on this material.
@ThePrimaFacie
@ThePrimaFacie 29 дней назад
Ah this is cool as heck. Thanks for the vid
@takeruyamato6703
@takeruyamato6703 24 дня назад
660 km beneath the surface. The most common mineral on earth but we will never see it in our lifetime.
Месяц назад
Tack!
@bwhog
@bwhog Месяц назад
An interesting thought that elements have different stable configurations both at different temperatures and different pressures.
@treborg777
@treborg777 Месяц назад
A good idea for a video (maybe already made?) would be to discuss the lab/theoretical basis for how we know the conditions for forming different minerals, particularly deep mantle minerals.
@tobystewart4403
@tobystewart4403 11 дней назад
RU-vid is notorious for theories being reported as a discoveries.
@aoilpe
@aoilpe Месяц назад
Thank you for this new minerals video , the first one since a very long time…👍 Even if it’s not in the Gems series 😂
@glasslinger
@glasslinger Месяц назад
Very good! This subject is rarely covered in daily life, even for engineers!
@Mark_Williams.
@Mark_Williams. 14 дней назад
Most abundant would be the word I'd use, not common. If it's not easily accessible, it's not common, by definition, that's rare.
@derrickstorm6976
@derrickstorm6976 Месяц назад
Does 'stable at x depth' mean the whatever-mineral will be stable at the depth when forming?
@rosskstar
@rosskstar 18 дней назад
ain't nothin wrong with my love of Bridge man... aight?!
@thepiper5522
@thepiper5522 29 дней назад
Is this AI or someone's real voice?
@Ann-rf8fi
@Ann-rf8fi 22 дня назад
AI
@user-gf8xi7mc9g
@user-gf8xi7mc9g 22 дня назад
Not ai, just a fantastically dedicated rock man
@thepiper5522
@thepiper5522 22 дня назад
@@user-gf8xi7mc9g Kewl, thanks.
@Power_Pulse
@Power_Pulse 18 дней назад
😂 I think he has a Corona running nose. 😂
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
it is his real voice. He started the channel before all the AI voice stuff started.
@RegisMichelLeclerc
@RegisMichelLeclerc 26 дней назад
I remember there was a lot of olivine in the sand in Saint-Pierre de la Réunion. Might have something to do with the 3 volcanoes on the island...
@thekinginyellow1744
@thekinginyellow1744 29 дней назад
3:38 The destroyed protoplanet hypothesis for the formation of the asteroid belt has been discredited for at least 20 years. This somewhat, but not completely undermines the thesis of this video.
@steventurner8428
@steventurner8428 Месяц назад
So to get a sample, digging a hole with a shovel in my backyard is not an option. Bugger!
@brigidsingleton1596
@brigidsingleton1596 Месяц назад
I take it your hypothesis is: An English / British man's home is his castle, his garden is an experimental laboratory...? 🤔🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿❤️🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🇬🇧🙂🖖 (Sorry - I don't know what the flag for N.Ireland looks like - if you do, please show me). 😏Thank-you. 👍🙂
@biogeopaleo2736
@biogeopaleo2736 Месяц назад
What about native iron?
@stupadasol5911
@stupadasol5911 28 дней назад
If I was STONED would I better understand what I just watched?
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
well this is a good question because you could apply the five steps of the scientific method to your question. Ask the question, formulate a hypothesis and then, experiment, experiment, experiment!! What is the result? What does the data show? Oh… inconclusive. We must perform the experiment several more times in order to gather more data to make a decision on.😃
@stupadasol5911
@stupadasol5911 15 дней назад
@@nozrep I like your logic, however I'd need to build a "wayback machine" to transport me back to my 60's.
@rogerdudra178
@rogerdudra178 25 дней назад
Greetings from the BIG SKY of Montana.
@jimslancio
@jimslancio 29 дней назад
Information on the crystalline lattice structure would've been interesting.
@chrisshorten4406
@chrisshorten4406 22 дня назад
The mineral of Kaladin Stormblessed.
@Joey4rox
@Joey4rox 27 дней назад
Bridgmanite is abundant but not common.
@RobertWilliams-mk8pl
@RobertWilliams-mk8pl 14 дней назад
Remember the hull of the Doomsday machine on Star Trek. I live on the East Coast with crazy traffic, and I would like for the body of my pick-up to be made of something even tougher than that materiel (I forgot what it was) and a Bridgmanite windshield. With a racing stripe.
@paulmaxwell8851
@paulmaxwell8851 24 дня назад
I was sure surprised! I thought bridgmanite comprised only 2.169 sextillion metric tonnes of the Earth's mass. I guess I should have stayed in school!
@lisadavie5282
@lisadavie5282 28 дней назад
What a Gneiss observation!
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
oh no you didn’t😂
@wiseSYW
@wiseSYW 26 дней назад
eventually will this help us predict earthquakes maybe
@raylopez99
@raylopez99 26 дней назад
they could have asked those people who live in the hollow earth to bring some bridgemanite to the surface.
@Meant2BVegans
@Meant2BVegans Месяц назад
🏆So Good
@brotherandythesage
@brotherandythesage Месяц назад
Okay, now how do we get at it and what do we use it for?
@prjndigo
@prjndigo Месяц назад
pair-i-class periclase like pyroclase pyroclastic its one of those tough ones
@RichardLucas
@RichardLucas 29 дней назад
"I will kiss him and love him and squeeze him and hug him and call him 'George'."
@NicholBrummer
@NicholBrummer 10 дней назад
I thought this is just a kind of Olivine.
@degariuslozak2169
@degariuslozak2169 14 дней назад
What tillion?
@hg2.
@hg2. Месяц назад
Can't take the voice. Is it for real?
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
yes, it is his real voice. He started the channel before the “explosion” of AI generated voices that has happened within the last 2 years
@fredygump5578
@fredygump5578 28 дней назад
Feldspars comprise 51%, which is less than this mineral.
@tommytwotacos8106
@tommytwotacos8106 27 дней назад
Neat.
@Ferrochrome12
@Ferrochrome12 28 дней назад
Peridot mentioned.
@MemphiStig
@MemphiStig 28 дней назад
So did we already know it existed, but couldn't find it? Or was this totally new info to us? You left questions on the board! (So do a part 2)
@swainscheps
@swainscheps Месяц назад
2:15 woah! What’s the average megatonnage of a kimberlite pipe?
@Mp57navy
@Mp57navy Месяц назад
ROCK and STONE!
@WavidDebb
@WavidDebb 26 дней назад
So, can we build bridges out of it?
@SmithsMuseum
@SmithsMuseum 25 дней назад
Man they ran out of all the good names after like granite, and marble. Like bruh.
@jimslancio
@jimslancio 29 дней назад
Silly me! I used to pronounce the "t" in peridot.
@1TakoyakiStore
@1TakoyakiStore 18 дней назад
Ferropericlase sounds like the name of a Greek philosopher.
@robertrobert7924
@robertrobert7924 Месяц назад
In Australia, what is the relationship between Bridgmanite and Vegemite?
@sgtbilkothe3rd
@sgtbilkothe3rd Месяц назад
😂One is impossible to eat, the other resides in the mantle.
@paulohagan3309
@paulohagan3309 28 дней назад
He just smiled and gave me a Vegemite sandwich.
@MartinMMeiss-mj6li
@MartinMMeiss-mj6li 29 дней назад
Just because you find a mineral in an asteroid, how can you infer that it is also deep in the earth?
@GangGang1
@GangGang1 Месяц назад
Whats ur favorite mineral?
@honodle7219
@honodle7219 22 часа назад
Ok, how does anyone know? Bottom of the mantle you say? Study that how? The only way we know anything at all that deep is seismic waves.
@popwillodrum1
@popwillodrum1 Месяц назад
Bridgmanite soup, Motherrrrrrrrr.
@northerniltree
@northerniltree Месяц назад
Sextillion tons got my attention.
@2fathomsdeeper
@2fathomsdeeper 27 дней назад
Pervatologist!
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
lol
@nozrep
@nozrep 15 дней назад
@@2fathomsdeeperwell, i mean, diligence and study are very important things!😅
@colonelgraff9198
@colonelgraff9198 Месяц назад
Weirdly ASMR
@chriskeen7174
@chriskeen7174 Месяц назад
We just discovered this stuff but we know the makeup of the materials beneath that layer... How is this known since it can't be observed as well?
@donaldduck830
@donaldduck830 Месяц назад
I would prefer it if such speculation would be made obvious as speculation. We have no way of measuring or examing Earth's core and mantle directly, so everything is based on seismic waves and meteorites. This is very circumstantial and I am not ready to accept this as gospel.
@miri-dz9oy
@miri-dz9oy 27 дней назад
Same here. Thank you for making this comment.
@anthonydooley3616
@anthonydooley3616 22 дня назад
Since people can't access the lower mantle, it's kind of irrelevant. Silica is the most common mineral on Earth's crust, which is where we live. Unless there is a known use of bridgemanite, this information is not very useful.
@grokeffer6226
@grokeffer6226 Месяц назад
👍👍👍
@carlettoburacco9235
@carlettoburacco9235 Месяц назад
WE KNOW EVERYTHING!!! Well......not really. We know a lot, but "everything" is something else entirely.
@EdwardM919
@EdwardM919 Месяц назад
How much of the gold is trapped in core because of the density.
@nuguns3766
@nuguns3766 Месяц назад
were gonna be rich!
@EdwardM919
@EdwardM919 Месяц назад
@@nuguns3766 if only but at what cost? Don't tell the capitalist.
@timothynechville8326
@timothynechville8326 Месяц назад
I agree, that gold attracts gold. And gold sinks to the lowest level because it is so dense. These two properties make it highly likely to be in the core. Yet high temperature and pressure changes some properties. So???
@randydewees7338
@randydewees7338 Месяц назад
Gold has a low melting point and is quite soluble in water rich silicious magmas. Soooooo, I kind of wonder if it doesn't kind of get squeezed upward in melted solution.
@EdwardM919
@EdwardM919 Месяц назад
@@randydewees7338 it does, in gold vains but not all.
@brunnomenxa
@brunnomenxa Месяц назад
2:07 Is this an insect next to the index finger?
@elisabethbudzinski3247
@elisabethbudzinski3247 Месяц назад
Watched it repeatedly but didn't see it 🤔
@Earthneedsado-over177
@Earthneedsado-over177 Месяц назад
Just a piece of the rock. A pebble.
@christophereadgbe2976
@christophereadgbe2976 Месяц назад
The Vibranium found in Wakanda may be something more than myth and legend. A meteorite made of material formed deep within the crust of some long gone planet could be made of such a unique metal. But what I learned here today is that it would probably be rather dense (read: heavy).
@dwarvenaled
@dwarvenaled Месяц назад
I have this for sale, back in Alaska.
@jamescarey6559
@jamescarey6559 Месяц назад
Bury the lead !
@ChrisWMF
@ChrisWMF 22 дня назад
if it is so common why didnt they name it earthite?
@richardthomas5362
@richardthomas5362 Месяц назад
Thanks for using a correct number (sextillion) rather than something like "million billion".
@Pest789
@Pest789 26 дней назад
That can't be your natural voice.
@xwiick
@xwiick 26 дней назад
It is.
@andrewfleenor7459
@andrewfleenor7459 Месяц назад
So are all these deep minerals stable on the surface, once formed?
@jakklump
@jakklump 28 дней назад
ENUNCIATION
@ProgPiglet
@ProgPiglet Месяц назад
me like rocks. rocks gud
@RevdGeraldJones
@RevdGeraldJones 24 дня назад
The narration freaks me out!!!
@xMaluko
@xMaluko Месяц назад
Sorry I haven’t watched the channel in a while, is this a different narrator voicing the video?
@Celeste-in-Oz
@Celeste-in-Oz Месяц назад
Nah, same one
@xMaluko
@xMaluko Месяц назад
@@Celeste-in-Oz Huh, is he sick? Mainly asking as his voice sounds a lot more different then before
@Celeste-in-Oz
@Celeste-in-Oz Месяц назад
@@xMaluko not sick that I know of… sounded same to me 🤔 could have slight cold I guess?
@rizkyadiyanto7922
@rizkyadiyanto7922 Месяц назад
​@@xMalukohe got puberty.
@medea27
@medea27 Месяц назад
Nope, same guy! Maybe you're thinking of videos where he speaks quite quickly to cover a lot of detail in a short video? Or maybe he's just changed his recording set-up since you last watched. 🤷‍♀️
@MrDavidBFoster
@MrDavidBFoster 28 дней назад
This being how the universe organizes matter, can we PLEASE *FINALLY* stop referring to planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, et-al as "Gas Giants"?! That has to be the most RIDICULOUS thing I've ever heard proposed by science, outside of the "expanding space-time continuum! (DO THE MATH, PEOPLE... CORRECTLY, THIS TIME)!!!
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