For those that don't know that's when temperature of a liquid and another object is wildly different, a vapor barrier forms briefly. The opposite of this is drops of water skipping across a hot skillet.
@@somethingorother9263 it's not the opposite. That's the same thing, but both temperatures started higher. The opposite might be something with dry ice where sublimation is involved. Like you could probably get something to float on dry ice because the gas keeps forming underneath something.
The Leidenfrost effect! Very cool! For those that dont know what that is, its when the liquid has a "bubble" of gas around it, keeping it from making direct contact with the object. For a way to see this at home, put a few drops of water in a very hot pan and watch as the drops scatter around super fast before evaporating.
@@MRez-kl5fe the outermost layer instantly evaporates once in contact with the heat, turning into steam and flies up, every drop is its own little hovercraft. same thing applies with liquid nitrogen, in this case it just turns back into air
This is a great example of the leidenfrost effect The nitrogen that gets closest to your skin boils from the heat and creates a protective barrier. It doesn't help much against prolonged exposure. It ALSO works in reverse against molten metal (but in much smaller quantities and time frames) as the metal boils the water on top of your skin to create a barrier of steam that will prevent you from getting serious injuries if you get the metal the fuck away from you fast
It was Nate tossing the cup onto his face for me, that was just a specific thing I always remembered from Grant❤️☺️☺️☺️ Honestly I'm so happy to have found this channel, and regret not finding it sooner! Nate is imo the perfect person to continue on being The King Of Random☺️☺️
Former lab personnel here. One of the biggest things they'll say when training you on lab safety is it's deadly nature if inhaled. A single drop of liquid nitrogen in the lungs is lethal, as it expands to a massive size and basically bursts the lungs. Not perfectly accurate, but that's basically it. So funnily enough the most dangerous thing you could do is splash it in your face... Which he did...
I mean I'm sure he closed his mouth but yeah, still not a great idea. Worse idea would be to drink it, but nate isn't stupid, so obviously he's not gunna drink it
A drop of Nitrogen into the lungs.. quite difficult.. it expands as soon as it comes in contact with any warm surrounding and hence boom it evaporates.. so Nick is safe..
Except that can't happen at all as the liquid nitrogen will boil as soon as it contacts the skin, plus a single expanded drop doesn't have enough volume to fill the lungs nor enough thermal effect to damage your entire lungs, plus it won't cause asphyxia.
Fun fact, it is actually more dangerous to wear gloves when handling liquid nitrogen, because it will freeze the glove, which in turn will make your hand freeze a lot faster within the glove, even more so because the glove will probably stick to your skin due to the ice build up.
The Leiden frost effect, when it touches your skin it immediately boils due to the heat of your skin being too hot for the nitrogen to stay liquid and causes the nitrogen to boil, creating a "steam" barrier between your skin and the nitrogen. Therefore, you aren't actually touching the liquid nitrogen, hence not freezing your skin. However, it will still freeze your skin if left alone long enough.
@@williebrortwhat if someone can't produce the needed heat from their body to do the lidenfrost effect? as in their body is on the colder temperature side then the hotter temperature
@@jaidakhatun4568 they suffer from severe burns (yes extreme cold can cause burns wounds) or frostbite. I'm not native in English so I don't know if these are the correct terms for that.
Some safety precautions if you try this: 1: Don't let it get trapped against your skin by rings, watches, clothes, shoes, etc. 2: Make sure you are in a well ventilated area as nitrogen asphyxiation is a thing that can kill you before you even realize you are in danger. 3: Don't get it in your eyes.
@@rortiz2519 the water in your eyes won't be as safe as your skin. Your skin will reliably have an insulating layer of nitrogen because of the leidenfrost effect and that nitrogen isn't as efficient at transferring energy as the liquid so it's not dangerous in small amounts. Your eyes are still warm enough for the leidenfrost effect to occur but the water is much more likely to freeze or even make contact with the liquid nitrogen. Freezing the surface of your eyes can do some serious damage to your cornea and you can end up functionally blind. However, this is still pretty unlikely to happen and isn't really a concern considering you will most likely be able to close your eyes before any liquid nitrogen can hit your cornea. You would have to be messing around with A LOT of it before you really need to be wearing safety specs. And at that point you should have full face respirators with oxygen supply because your biggest concern will be a spill that ends up displacing all the oxygen near you and suffocating you.
The Leiden frost effect is when the temperatures of a solid and liquid are massively different, but because the solid is still warm it heats up the liquid slightly which forms a vapor barrier, blocking the liquid
Leidenfrost effect. Same thing if you put droplets of water on a hot pan. The liguid vaporized on contact with the hot surface and creates a layer of vapor between the two. Thats why it looked like it was skating off his hand. The liquid nitrogen is so cold that your hand is like a piping hot pan to it.
Now I'm curious to know what happens if you put some liquid nitrogen on a hot pan instead of your hand. Would it produce the same effect or something way cooler 🤔
@@mayravixx25 i think it would do the same thing. When you put liquid nitrogen droplets on your hands it causes the nitrogen to boil andand vaporize and well...boiling is boiling.
@adamduane1320 it would likely create explosive boiling... basically, the liquid nitrogen could heat up so quickly that the boiling liquid mass reaches above its boiling point and spontaneously explodes. "explosive boiling or phase explosion is a method whereby a superheated metastable liquid undergoes an explosive liquid-vapor phase transition into a stable two-phase state because of a massive homogeneous nucleation of vapor bubbles. Similar to the concept of a steam engine I believe. if the heating process is fast enough that the substance cannot reach binodal curve through heterogeneous boiling, the liquid becomes superheated with its temperature above boiling point at a given pressure. System then shifts away from the binodal and continues to follow the red curve and thus approaches towards spinodal. Near the critical temperature thermodynamic properties like specific heat, density varies rapidly as shown on the figure at right. Density and entropy undergoes largest fluctuation. During this time it is possible to have a large density fluctuation in a very small volume. This fluctuation of density results in the nucleation of a bubble. The bubble nucleation process occurs homogeneously everywhere in the substance. The rate of bubble nucleation and vapor sphere growth rate increases exponentially closer to the critical temperature. The increasing nucleation prevents the system from going to the spinodal. When the bubble radius reaches the critical size it continues to expand and eventually explodes resulting a mixture of gas and droplets which is termed as explosive boiling or phase explosion".
This phenomenon is known as the leidenfrost effect: The Leidenfrost effect is a physical phenomenon in which a liquid, close to a surface that is significantly hotter than the liquid's boiling point, produces an insulating vapor layer that keeps the liquid from boiling rapidly.
Liquid Nitrogen (LIN) has a second danger which is suffocation usually from boiling too much in a non ventilated space. Splashes like that can be harmless but getting a bunch soaked into your clothes can be hazardous as well. Liquid oxygen is much more dangerous due to it being oxygen. Any mix with fuels, hydrocarbons, etc will remove much need for heat to spark a flame
bro how will clothes get soaked in it, whos gonna have that much liquid nitrogen, and if somebody has it, even then the clothes would just freeze instead of absorbing it
for anyone who doesn't know, this is comparable to putting water on a really hot surface (like a fireplace). itll just skid off without cooling it down too much due to the leidenfrost effect. itll actually take longer to evaporate than water on a cooler but still boiling surface
It's only dangerous in a small unventilated room, as the nitrogen quickly evaporates and displaces the air around it. That's why when transporting liquid nitrogen, you've got to be careful. In labs or universities with elevators, it's common practice put the liquid nitrogen alone into the elevator car and to just have someone waiting at the other floor to retrieve it.
Yep, people should be warned to not play with it literally at home, and especially things like dry ice, cuz there was accident when someone throwed it in like sauna pool for cool effect on a party, and there was a victims because no one realized that closed room filled with CO2.
Gone. Completely erased. But not forgotten jk I’m sure the videos r still around. Ik they molested his account and name but do they still have them up ?
@@hibyepeachyfans.....5300 why? it is not my primary language. I can speak in my native language without mistakes and you would know a shit what i am talking about. ;)
Someone else already mentioned that this is due to the Leidenfrost effect, but I want to build on what that is: For two materials of EXTREMELY different temperatures, there is a small safety window for touching it because a protective barrier will form. Your hand is so hot compared to liquid nitrogen that the nitrogen immediately evaporates on contact and forms a gaseous barrier to insulate you from the rest of the liquid nitrogen. This also happens with hot metals and sparks, where (I think) they’re so hot that they’ll just bounce off your body by vaporizing sweat and getting deflected by that gas
It also is important to note that it only happens if one of the objects is significantly hotter than the boiling point of the other object, not just a large temperature difference. Dropping a cup of liquid nitrogen on your hand is fine, but dropping a steel ball at liquid nitrogen temperatures on your hand is not.
@@scy07 Yeah I’ve seen the video you’re talking about. As you may know, it’s more dangerous to wear rubber gloves when working with something like liquid nitrogen because they can freeze, and now you have something really, really cold wrapped around your hands instead of brief contact with a liquid that will quickly evaporate
Nah theres no ledenfrost for metal sparks. They still burn you, it still hurts. Most of the time its extremely minor and doesnt cause any actual damage just pain. But occasionally a larger chip will make a big spark and it's usually sharp and it will both cut into you and burn you.
no one seems to realize that the leidenfrost effect is very powerful. The leidenfrost effect occurs when a liquid comes into contact with a surface significantly higher in temperature than its boiling point. this is often observed with water, and sometimes with liquid atmospheric gases (oxygen, nitrogen, and argon)
of course, it's not so powerful as to protect the inside of your stomach from liquid nitrogen while it sits in there for an extended period of time :P The leidenfrost effect is only for brief interactions! Over time, temperature will slowly equalize between the two objects, to the point that the boiling which prevents most heat exchange will stop, and then things will *really* get hot/cold
From what I’ve seen, it would be worse to wear a glove and get it on you because the glove would freeze around your hand and the vapor barrier wouldn’t form.
I used to make liquid nitrogen and oxygen back in the navy on my aircraft carrier. Used some of the liquid nitrogen to cool down my drinks and freeze some fruits when it was hot .
Many are saying Leidenfrost effect, but you also have to remember another thing. It take a LOT longer for the cold to take effect then it does for heat. Hence why you can touch liquid nitrogen quickly and not even feel it but you'll get a burn instantly on a hot stove.
i used to work with liquid nitrogen often. i think the biggest thing to keep in mind safety wise is wearing eye protection especially when pouring. it got on my skin all the time and it wasn’t a big deal, usually it just evaporates off before you feel it
When I worked as a medical assistant, we’d have to pour some into a small canister occasionally for wart removal. Whenever the doctor was done, we’d dump out the remaining liquid nitrogen by splashing it on eachother for fun. The moment you forcefully splash it like that it instantly changes from a liquid to a gas and it only feels like being hit with a cool breeze. Even the head MAs liked to mess around with it. Then it just settles to the floor and disperses quick enough to never be an issue
Leidenfrost effect. Same thing that happens when you sprinkle water on a hot pan, it beads up and rolls around protecting the surface. In this scenario, your hand is the hot pan in comparison to the extremally cold liquid nitrogen.
I've tried pouring it on my skin aswell 😁 The vapor caused from the different temperatures creates a sort of air shield between your hand and the liquid. It does feel cold and you can't hold it for very long though.
The problem with the hotdog is that it doesn’t emit heat nor does it have blood flow so it’s not a reliable source to show how the human body would react.
It’s the Leidenfrost effect. Same thing happens when you throw water on to a ripping out pan. An air bubble forms keeping the water from directly contacting the pan and causes it to skitter around it. Same thing with the liquid nitrogen. Your hand is so hot compared to the liquid nitrogen it might as well be a ripping hot frying pan.
For those that don't want to be milked for content: The leidenfrost effect forms a gaseous layer around your skin when it comes into contact with liquid nitrogen. Thus in short bursts nothing happens.
@@cam_luong You're kinda right but not in this context. Yes, sweat does help you prevent getting burnt in a sauna because sweating is a way for your body to cool down by releasing heat but I don't think it's related to Leidenfrost at all. The sweat once it lingers outside your body doesn't help either.
@@YY-mk4ti No, I know the two are very different. I was just comparing it so people unaware of the leidenfrost effect would have an idea of what it is.
Grant demonstrated this on his channel before he passed there is such a temperature difference that it doesn’t come into contact with your skin right away but yea left there for more then a couple seconds it could mess you up
A software patch named "The leidenfrost effect " is saving this man in this universe!! I guess the Devs are working tirelessly to keep this patch bug free.
