In this video I talk about the passive form of Italian verbs and specifically about the verbs "venire" and "andare" used as auxiliary verbs to form the passive voice.
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In this lesson I discuss the verbs "venire" and "andare" used as auxiliaries to form the passive voice. First of all I explain the difference between the phrases "è considerato" and "viene considerato".
The short answer is that you can either say "è considerato" or "viene considerato". There is no difference. As auxiliary verb I can use either "essere" or "venire". These sentences mean the same thing.
Now let's go to the long answer! Let's take a sentence at random. For instance: "Luca mangia il panino". So, in this sentence I have used the active form of the verb "mangiare". If I wanted, I could use the passive form of the verb "mangiare" and say: "ll panino è mangiato da Luca".
From a logical point of view there's no difference. These sentences are different only on a grammatical level.
The passive voice is normally formed using (the verb) "essere" as auxiliary. In theory, as auxiliary, one can also use the verb "venire". The verb "venire" is typically used with verbs referring to a movement or action of some sort. And the verb "venire" makes this point clear: that it's not a state, but rather a process, an action.
"Venire" can be used as auxiliary only for single-word verb tenses. For all multi-word verb tenses such as "passato prossimo", you must use the verb "essere".
Let's do some concrete examples straight away!
For instance, I could say: "Questo computer è prodotto in Cina". Alternatively, I could say: "Questo computer viene prodotto in Cina". In the first case, as auxiliary to form the passive voice I used the verb "essere", in the other case I used the verb "venire". There's no difference.
Another example could be: "I biglietti sono venduti su Internet". I could say that, or alternatively I could say: "I biglietti vengono venduti su internet". Again, they mean the same thing, it's just that in one case I used the verb "essere", in the other case I used the verb "venire".
Let's do some examples with the "imperfetto" tense! For instance: "Questo computer era prodotto in Cina". Or: "Questo computer veniva prodotto in Cina".
Similarly, I could say: "I biglietti erano venduti su Internet". Or "I biglietti venivano venduti su Internet".
Let's do an example with the future tense! "Questo computer verrà prodotto in Cina". I can say that, or I can say: "Questo computer sarà prodotto in Cina". Similarly, I can say: "I biglietti verranno venduti su Internet" or "I biglietti saranno venduti su Internet".
The verb "andare" adds not only a passive meaning, but also conveys the idea of "must be done". Let me give you an example straight away! "Questo lavoro va finito entro le 4". Meaning: This job must be completed by 4 o'clock.
Another example could be: "Questa lettera va spedita oggi". What does it mean? This letter must be submitted today.
Another example could be: "Le proposte vanno presentate entro il 15 dicembre".
What does it mean? Proposals must be submitted by December 15th.
Another example could be: "Il cancello va chiuso, non va lasciato aperto". What does it mean? The gate should be closed, it shouldn't be left open.
So, as you can see, the verb "andare" conveys the idea of "must be done".
An important difference compared to the verb "venire" is that with the verb "andare" in the passive voice you can't specify who must do that. You can't say: "Questa lettera va spedita oggi da Marco". You can't specify "da Marco".
Similarly, you can't say: "Questo lavoro va finito entro stasera da noi".
But let me give you some examples with other verb tenses! For instance, let's consider the "imperfetto" tense! I could say: "Questa lettera andava spedita ieri". What does it mean? This letter should have been submitted yesterday. Another example could be: "Il cancello andava chiuso, non andava lasciato aperto". What does it mean? The gate should have been closed, it shouldn't have been left open.
Something that I want to stress is that the verb "andare" as well can be used only with single-word verb tenses, it can't be used with multi-word verb tenses.
#ItalianVerbs, #ItalianLanguage, #LearnItalian, #ItalianLearning
21 авг 2024
