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Jack Szostak: Physics and the Origin of Life, from Chirality to Membranes to Information 

Thomas Ouldridge
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Prof. Jack Szostak speaks at the Imperial Physics of Life Seminar Series
www.imperial.ac.uk/physics-of...
Physics and the Origin of Life, from Chirality to Membranes to Information
Diverse physical processes played important roles in the origin of life. I will review the origin of molecular homochirality, the growth of protocell membranes, and potential roles for liquid-liquid phase separation. I will then discuss the concept of functional information and its quantitative relationship with molecular function.

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15 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 259   
@quantumcat7673
@quantumcat7673 11 месяцев назад
This scientist is brilliant. Thank you for your video!
@MS-od7je
@MS-od7je 2 года назад
Interesting.
@luxliquidlumenvideoproduct5425
@luxliquidlumenvideoproduct5425 2 месяца назад
This video attempt to address some of the problems and paradoxes of the initial naturalistic occurrences leading to the forming of a first self-replicating proto-biological systems, extremely simplified precursors to the development of prokaryotic organisms. And yet it is still so forlorn, even with the formation of à most uncomplicated prototype cell, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
@invent183
@invent183 2 года назад
Read about Origin of Life in the NCMR Inventing method book Discovery chapter.
@johnnisshansen
@johnnisshansen Год назад
why do we se faces of only the non speakers ?
@vittorio4866
@vittorio4866 15 дней назад
Beautiful, but the problem is only one, and it seems nobody understands: entropy in chemistry produces organisation and complexity.
@joehinojosa24
@joehinojosa24 2 года назад
I tried to FOLLOW THIS ,but my membrane Collapsed.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger Год назад
For the creationists out there. Tell you what. I will show you a peer-reviewed scientific paper, in a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal, explaining an experiment that demonstrates some step that would be required for a purely natural origin of life, and you show me a peer-reviewed scientific paper, in a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal, explaining an experiment that demonstrates your invisible, immortal, eternal sky wizard created life magically. And we go back and forth, and whoever runs out of scientific experimental evidence first loses. Deal?
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 7 месяцев назад
That means nothing, nothing at all. Big whoop!!!
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5h Yes, what you say mean nothing. Nothing at all.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5h It means I win and you lose.
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 7 месяцев назад
@@TonyTigerTonyTiger Oh go back to your mom's basement and have another hit dude.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5hOh, go back to school and learn something worthwhile for once.
@soulcells
@soulcells 2 года назад
Good luck with that! Please forward your address as it's apparent you are in need of more straws!
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger Год назад
Also to the creationists. What is your better explanation than abiogenesis? It needs to be at least as plausible, at least as testable, and have at least as much scientific/experimental evidence supporting it. So what is it? PS: And no, “The invisible, immortal, eternal sky wizard poofed life into existence!” is not more plausible, is not as testable, and does not have as much scientific/experimental evidence supporting it.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
“Better explanation” is an anti science standard. Any hypothesis has to stand on its own merits, and abiogenesis has failed in totality
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
@@hosoiarchives4858 So you don't have a better alternative. Which makes abiogenesis the best one. Thanks.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
@@TonyTigerTonyTiger abiogenesis is the worst one
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
@@hosoiarchives4858 Funny, you keep failing to provide a better one. You lose.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
@@TonyTigerTonyTiger any theory is better than abiogenesis. It’s the worst one I’ve ever heard of
@charlesmiller6281
@charlesmiller6281 2 года назад
So let me see if I got this right. Life happens very easily and spontaneously. We just can't quite figure out how to do it. This is like one of those infomercials where if you persevere to the end you can't believe you just wasted all that time there must have been something worthwhile in there somewhere. Only guess what? There wasn't.
@simonmasters3295
@simonmasters3295 Год назад
How did you conclude there is nothing there by way of explanation?
@bungeebones
@bungeebones 2 года назад
He starts with an assumption that RNA just appeared from no where to be used by the first life form. Unfortunately for him he has totally ignored the fact that RNA is information/code and he totally ignores the more important question of where the information came from? he is like a guy who copied a pop rivet from an aircraft carrier and claims, therefore, he knows how to build an aircraft carrier. First answer where the information came from and I might start listening to your yarn.
@hammalammadingdong6244
@hammalammadingdong6244 2 года назад
the "information" is only a functional arrangement of peptides. Once this occurs, selection can take place.
@bungeebones
@bungeebones 2 года назад
@@hammalammadingdong6244 Thank you for your information (which is, of course, just a functional arrangement of peptides). I learned along time ago not to trust those "peptides" as they are usually fools.
@hammalammadingdong6244
@hammalammadingdong6244 2 года назад
@@bungeebones - that’s too bad because every cell in your body depends of them.
@bungeebones
@bungeebones 2 года назад
@@hammalammadingdong6244 You don't even see the foolishness of your comment. Saying they are just "functional arrangements" begs the same question. Arranged by what/whom? An "arrangement" requires an intelligence so you are simply trying to avoid the issue with semantic bull. To believe your story would require a belief that chemicals are able to organize themselves into a pre-historic A.I. There's absolutely ZERO evidence of that and you are just spewing fanciful hogwash.
@hammalammadingdong6244
@hammalammadingdong6244 2 года назад
@@bungeebones no, look at tree rings, for instance. They form as a result of natural processes. We can read the “information” in them, but nothing intelligent needed to create them. It does need humans to interpret them. So, to ask “who did it” is begging the question. Can you Demonstrate a “who” and the plausibility of it doing what you claim?
@MyMy-tv7fd
@MyMy-tv7fd Год назад
ah chirality, the missing link in nearly all discussion of abiogenesis - James M. Tour is quite good on this
@spatrk6634
@spatrk6634 Год назад
tour is quite bad at misinterpreting science. professor dave is quite good at demonstrating that
@MyMy-tv7fd
@MyMy-tv7fd Год назад
@@spatrk6634 - LOL
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony Год назад
@@MyMy-tv7fd What are you LOLing about? Tour is an unhinged, ethically challenged fanatic who does not work in this field.
@MyMy-tv7fd
@MyMy-tv7fd Год назад
@@mcmanustony the whole of OOL is worthless, except for pointing out what an excellent proof of their know-nothing progress it all is
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger Год назад
@@MyMy-tv7fd You don't know that Mr. Tour is completely clueless about the origin of life? Tour is so clueless he talks about YEAST INTERACTOMES when talking about the origin of life. Tour is so cluelss he shows images of, and discusses, EUKARYOTIC CELLS when talking about the origin of life.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
There is no abiogenesis
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
There is no god
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony 4 месяца назад
evidently there is. the planet was dead for 700,000,000 years before life emerged. Either that process was by natural means that science can investigate ....or it was magic! good luck with magic. here's a comprehensive list of all natural observed phenomena successfully explained by an appeal to the supernatural> ready? 1. .
@invent183
@invent183 2 года назад
Consciousness is the origin of life and has been experimentally verified.
@ronaldmorgan7632
@ronaldmorgan7632 2 года назад
Eventually they'll make a cell and we can congratulate them on their effort to intelligent design.
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony Год назад
@@ronaldmorgan7632 What does this mean, if anything?
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 11 месяцев назад
Believing themselves wise thay became fools.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 9 месяцев назад
Believing themselves to be wise, they believe in ancient mythology about fantastical beings, from a book that is scientifically refuted, morally refuted, historically refuted, archaeologically refuted, and logically refuted.
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony 7 месяцев назад
Why is sitting on your backside regurgitating Bronze Age bigotry preferable to getting off your duff and actually putting some effort into learning.
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 7 месяцев назад
@@TonyTigerTonyTiger And you have proven that you don't know crap about anything! Peace out dude!!!🤣
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5h A Christian quoting the bible is as meaningless as a Muslim quoting the Qu'ran or a Hindu quoting the Vedas.
@MS-od7je
@MS-od7je Год назад
1. What was the function of the protein that was first coded by RNA or DNA from which a selection could be made? 2. If the fewest genes that a cell can have to sustain life is around 400 but it has to have additional DNA to have reproductive function how can RNA or DNA have primacy ? 3. If a flatworm can be multiploidy and maintain function and morphology how does DNA have primacy? 4. How is it that a cockroach and rats can reproduce, after nuclear radiation,with mutations such that they become multi ploidy in order to maintain morphology and function and RNA or DNA have primacy or a selective function? 5. Why are a dog and a dingo or completely different genetic plants nearly identical? To what are they “converging “? 6. There can be any number of ways that a thing in nature can be the shape of a sphere but how many possible ways are there that a thing in nature can be the shape of a Mandelbrot set? Why is the brain a Mandelbrot set? How is a Mandelbrot set selected for from an infinite number of fractal patterns?
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 11 месяцев назад
Dream on sweet potatoes!!!
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony 7 месяцев назад
Did that sound good in your head?
@RD2564
@RD2564 6 месяцев назад
Why is the bald dude who never says anything always on screen? lol.
@platzhirsch4275
@platzhirsch4275 Год назад
The main issue in all OOL research is the origin of all programmed information. To understand what that means understandthat YOU where initially just one cell. That cell started dividing, thousand, million and billion times until YOU where there! So how did all billion subsequent cells "know" exactly where to go in your body, how to differentiate, what function to fulfill, and how to look like? Where did the information come from to exactly build up your brain, nerve system, eyes, liver, kidney etc by the process of cell division and build up? It means the initial cell had all this information stored in it an gave the information to all subsequent cells to control the complete build up of YOU!!!!! That kind of information is so astronomical in density, quantity and quality that our intelligence will even fail to understand the complete implication of such an ingenious biochemical information and control process and it shows especially intelligent people that only a super- intelligence could design and create such a system.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger Год назад
"To understand what that means understandthat YOU where initially just one cell" Human cells are completely irrelevant to the origin of life. The first human was born some 3.5 BILLION YEARS after life already existed on Earth. I've told you this a dozen times. Even something as unintelligent as a rat can learn from its mistakes, so why can't you?
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger Год назад
"only a super- intelligence could ..." Explain the origin of this alleged super-intelligence. Your explanation needs to be plausible and testable.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
3:55 is a lie
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
Don't just claim it, demonstrate it.
@hosoiarchives4858
@hosoiarchives4858 6 месяцев назад
@@TonyTigerTonyTigerhe claimed it and did not demonstrate it. It’s a lie
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
@@hosoiarchives4858 As part of an hour lecture. He had a lot to say. You vomited out a dozen characters. Worthtless.
@danchokonstantinov6735
@danchokonstantinov6735 2 года назад
I am always amused that universally pro-entropic processes are completely ignored when trying to persuade the audience of informatics self assembly, in other words 'self assebled' systems, if ever occured, are permanently subject to degradation at any point of progression .
@spatrk6634
@spatrk6634 Год назад
entropy affects closed system life is not closed system life formation going against entropy in the same way that ice crystals form. or micelles. it all goes against entropy. because entropy doesnt apply to open systems
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 5 месяцев назад
I was just asked: "why shouldn't Abiogenesis happen today?" Darwin gave one answer: because life exists today. There are other reasons given after a short discussion of Darwin's answer. 1) Darwin addressed this general topic more than 150 years ago. "It is often said that all the conditions for the first production of a living organism are now present, which could ever have been present. But if (and oh what a big if) we could conceive in some warm little pond with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, light, heat, electricity, etc., present, that a protein compound was chemically formed, ready to undergo still more complex changes, at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured, or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed." (Darwin, C., 1871, Letter to [Sir Joseph] Hooker. Reproduced in Calvin, M. (1969). Chemical Evolution pp 1-8. Oxford University Press, London: as quoted in "Did minerals perform prebiotic combinatorial chemistry?", Alan W. Schwartz, Chemistry & Biology 1996, 3:515-518). In the above quote, pay attention to the last part: "at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured, or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed." Now that life is ubiquitous, organic molecules would not accumulate in large amounts and complexify over long periods of time, because bacteria or some other living organisms would consume/incorporate them. 2) Another reason we should not expect life to be arising today is that conditions are different today than they were some 3.5 to 4 billion years ago. a. Back then, the atmosphere was largely devoid of molecular oxygen (it is not anymore). b. Back then, the atmosphere is thought to have had a lot more carbon dioxide than is present today. c. Back then, the oceans are thought to have been more acidic than they are today (for example, due to more CO2 in the atmosphere). d. Back then, the oceans are thought to have had much more ferrous iron dissolved throughout them than today. e. Back then, there was more metal adsorbed to clay minerals in the oceans than there is today [3] (metal doped clays can select ribose from a mixture of sugars and can also stabilize ribose). f. There could be other differences (perhaps, as some OoL researchers propose, life arose at alkaline hydrothermal vents, and today there are far fewer than the were back then). If any one or more of those conditions would have been important for the origin of life (for example, for the formation of a self-replicating RNA), then we shouldn't expect life to be originating today.
@simonmasters3295
@simonmasters3295 5 месяцев назад
I think you are elevating Darwin's genius and the "warm little pond" is much less likely to persist for sufficient time when compared to the 30,000 years of a mid-ocean alkaline vent (exhausting to an acidic ocean) arising from a serpentinization reaction and planetary convection currents. But then I am watching this video for the first time...
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 5 месяцев назад
@@simonmasters3295 You might have missed the point I was making by quoting Darwin. --------------------------- In the above quote, pay attention to the last part: "at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured, or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed." Now that life is ubiquitous, organic molecules would not accumulate in large amounts and complexify over long periods of time, because bacteria or some other living organisms would consume/incorporate them. ---------------------------
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 11 месяцев назад
Per reviewed really means nothing now days. It's all political!!!
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony 7 месяцев назад
And your evidence for this? That's right: you're sitting on it.
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 7 месяцев назад
@@mcmanustony Multiple people have submitted crap studied for review and had them published. It is meaningless!!!
@mcmanustony
@mcmanustony 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5h The obvious example being Sokal's paper on "Transformative Hermenuetics of Quantum Gravity". The aim was to critique pseudo intellectual nonsense in "culture studies"- not peer review itself. Let's hear you critique some of Szostak"s work. I'll wait.....
@user-kp8wp6lv5h
@user-kp8wp6lv5h 7 месяцев назад
@@mcmanustony I wouldn't hold your breath. You will not change my mind that being published does not mean you are right about anything.
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 7 месяцев назад
@@user-kp8wp6lv5h " I wouldn't hold your breath." Because you won't be supporting your claims?
@CandidDate
@CandidDate 2 года назад
When a scientist goes to prove life formed by abiogenesis, he is right. When someone claims Jesus saves, they are right. How can this be? Two opposing beliefs, yet they both are true? That is the one takeaway, you are here for to make your dreams come true!
@TonyTigerTonyTiger
@TonyTigerTonyTiger 6 месяцев назад
To the troll hosoiarchives ... What is your better explanation than abiogenesis? It needs to be at least as plausible, at least as testable, and have at least as much scientific/experimental evidence supporting it. So what is it? PS: And no, “The invisible, immortal, eternal sky wizard poofed life into existence!” is not more plausible, is not as testable, and does not have as much scientific/experimental evidence supporting it.
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